Have you ever been robbed? Or had something you value forcibly taken from you against your will? It's violating. Feelings of fury, of assault and of helplessness. That's what corruption feels like. Corruption is theft. It is corrosive, it is criminal, it is toxic and it is predatory.
Jesu li vas ikada pokrali ili vam silom oteli nešto što vam je bitno protiv vaše volje? Osećate se prevareno. Osećate bes, osećate se uvređeno i osećate se bespomoćno. Korupcija budi ta osećanja. Korupcija je krađa. Ona je nagrizajuća, to je zločin; ona je toksična i ona uvek vreba.
Now, I'm from Kenya, and in Kenya, corruption takes different forms. I want to share the story of Karura Forest with you. This is my hometown of Nairobi. I love Nairobi. It's beautiful. But it is a city of paradoxes. It is at once beautiful and challenging. But at the heart of this beautiful city that I call home is Karura Forest, an oasis of green, expansive beauty that would be the envy of any city anywhere. We almost lost Karura Forest to corruption. Word has reached my mother, Wangari Maathai, that Karura Forest is under attack. There was a construction site coming up right in the middle of the forest. Government officials had stolen the forest. They had divided, sold and gifted hundreds of parcels of Karura to their friends and cronies.
Ja sam iz Kenije, a u Keniji korupcija ima različite oblike. Želim da podelim sa vama priču o šumi Karura. Ovo je moj rodni grad Najrobi. Volim Najrobi. Prelep je. Ali je grad pun paradoksa. On je ujedno i prelep i težak za život. Međutim, u srcu ovog divnog grada koji ja zovem domom nalazi se šuma Karura, prelepa, prostrana oaza puna zelenila kojoj bi pozavideo svaki grad na svetu. Malo je falilo da izgubimo Karuru zbog korupcije. Informacija je došla do moje majke Vangari Matai da je Karura napadnuta. Podizalo se gradilište u samom centru šume. Državni službenici su ukrali šumu. Podelili su, prodali i dali stotine Karurinih parcela svojim prijateljima i saradnicima.
Now in 1977, my mother founded the Green Belt Movement to plant trees across Kenya, restore green spaces and protect green spaces, much like Karura Forest. She got together her friends and allies, and together, they created what became one of the most successful tree-planting campaigns in the world. It was therefore no surprise that when word got to her that Karura was under attack, they immediately sprang into action. They battled police and hired goons to stop the theft of this forest. But fortunately, there was an uprising of support from the clergy, politicians, students and the general public, all of whom came out to say no to corruption and greed. And pretty soon, that support was too strong and intense for the authorities to subdue. And Karura Forest was saved.
Godine 1977, moja majka je osnovala pokret Zeleni pojas koji će saditi drveće širom Kenije, obnoviti i štititi zelene površine, kao što je slučaj sa Karurom. Okupila je svoje prijatelje i istomišljenike i zajedno sa njima napravila nešto što će postati jedna od najuspešnijih akcija sadnje drveća na svetu. Stoga nije ni čudo da su, kada je ona čula da je Karura napadnuta, oni odmah reagovali. Borili su se sa policijom i plaćenicima da bi zaustavili krađu ove šume. Srećom, dobili su ogromnu podršku sveštenstva, političara, studenata i šire javnosti, koji su istupili da kažu ne korupciji i pohlepi. Ubrzo je ta podrška bila previše jaka i moćna da bi je vlasti savladale i Karura je spašena.
In the 2000s, I joined my mother in the Green Belt Movement and witnessed the growth of the movement's advocacy activities, its expansion beyond Kenya and an extremely important growing consensus around the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize that she received -- that the environment, democracy and peace were inextricably linked. I also learned that what my mother had faced that many years ago trying to protect Karura Forest was not an isolated incident. The corruption and greed that manifested itself then is alive and well today, from greedy politicians and public servants willing to loot public coffers at their expense.
Pridružila sam se svojoj majci 2000-ih u pokretu Zeleni pojas i videla povećanje u broju aktivnosti za propagiranje pokreta, njegovo širenje van granica Kenije i izuzetno bitno sve veće slaganje oko Nobelove nagrade za mir koju je dobila 2004. godine - da su životna sredina, demokratija i mir neraskidivo povezani. Takođe sam shvatila da to sa čime se moja majka suočila pre mnogo godina pokušavajući da odbrani Karuru nije bio izolovani slučaj. Korupcija i pohlepa koje su izašle na videlo tada žive i danas, u pohlepnim političarima i javnim službenicima koji su spremni da kradu iz državne kase za svoj račun.
Corruption is everywhere. Now, corruption is devastating to any economy, democracy and the environment. It robs citizens of vital social services and renders human life worthless. When young men are willing to join gangs and brutalize their communities for a small fee, and women are raped on the way to work, and, when they report this, the perpetrators bribe their way out of jail, and when young girls have to sell their bodies to buy sanitary towels, you know the society is broken.
Korupcija je svuda. Korupcija je štetna po svaku ekonomiju, demokratiju i životnu sredinu. Ona oduzima građanima ključne društvene usluge i čini ljudski život bezvrednim. Kada su mladi muškarci spremni da se priključe bandama i da uništavaju svoje zajednice za malu nadoknadu, kada žene siluju na putu do posla, a kada prijave to krivci putem mita izbegnu zatvorsku kaznu, i kada mlade devojke moraju da prodaju svoja tela da bi kupile uloške, tada znate da društvo ne funkcioniše kako treba.
In recent years, Kenya has been ranked amongst the top 10 most corrupt countries in the world. Even more frustrating for me is that Kenya loses a third of her national budget to corruption each year. That is six billion dollars. It is totally unacceptable. In a country where anti-corruption efforts have been frustrated and ignored and interfered with, we absolutely need new strategies for dealing with this vice. We cannot complain forever. We either decide that we're going to live with it or we are going to change it.
Zadnjih godina, Kenija se nalazi među 10 zemalja sa najvećom stopom korupcije na svetu. Ono što me još više frustrira jeste to što Kenija gubi trećinu svog državnog budžeta zbog korupcije godišnje. To je šest milijardi dolara. To je apsolutno neprihvatljivo. U zemlji gde se pokušaji borbe protiv korupcije obeshrabruju, ignorišu i ometaju, apsolutno su nam potrebne nove strategije za borbu protiv ovog poroka. Ne možemo doveka da se žalimo, ili ćemo odlučiti da živimo sa tim ili ćemo da promenimo nešto.
There's some good news. Human beings are not born corrupt. At some point, these behaviors are fostered by a culture that promotes individual gain over collective progress. So if we're going to uproot corruption, we have got to start before it ever takes root. We have got to intervene early. I don't know about your country, but where I come from, youth will lead us into the future.
Ima dobrih vesti. Ljudi se ne rađaju pokvareni. U nekom trenutku, ovakvo ponašanje se podstiče u kulturi koja promoviše individualnu dobit umesto napretka zajednice. Stoga, ako ćemo iskoreniti korupciju, moramo početi sa tim pre nego što uhvati korenje. Moramo da reagujemo u ranoj fazi. Ne znam za vašu zemlju, ali tamo odakle ja dolazim mladi ljudi nas vode u budućnost.
In Kenya today, 80 percent of the population is under the age of 35. But by their own admission, they have conflicting values. Fifty-eight percent of young people in Kenya recently told us they will do anything to make money. An additional 45 percent said corruption is a legitimate tool for doing business. Seventy-three percent said they would not be willing to stand up for what they believe in for fear of retribution.
U Keniji danas 80% stanovništva ima ispod 35 godina. Međutim, oni sami priznaju da imaju sukobljene vrednosti. Pedeset osam posto mladih ljudi u Keniji nedavno nam je reklo da će uraditi sve za novac. Dodatnih 45% reklo je da je korupcija legitimno sredstvo u poslovanju. Sedamdeset tri posto reklo je da nisu spremni da se bore za ono u šta veruju zbog straha od odmazde.
What I learned from my mother a few years ago was this concept of "the power of one" -- that each of us can be potent agents of change and that together, we are a force, that if we put our hands together, we can change the situation and no problem is too big. My mother understood this so profoundly that it was at the center of her work. Shifting cultures takes patience, persistence and commitment, and it is extremely slow and deep work. But if we are going to shift a culture, we have got to get that work started. And in the time since her passing, we have established a foundation in her name to do exactly that but to work with young people and children to begin to build character and personal leadership, to inspire purpose and integrity. But fighting corruption is not as easy as saying corruption is bad.
Ono što sam naučila od svoje majke pre par godina jeste koncept „moći pojedinca“ - da svako od nas može u velikoj meri da doprinese promeni i da smo zajedno jedna sila; da ako stanemo jedni uz druge možemo da promenimo situaciju i da nema prevelikih problema. Moja majka je toliko duboko verovala u ovo da je to bilo u centru njenog rada. Za menjanje kulture potrebno je strpljenje, upornost i posvećenost i to je izuzetno spor i temeljan posao. Ali ako ćemo menjati kulturu moramo početi jednom sa tim. Nakon smrti moje majke, osnovali smo fondaciju u njeno ime koja će da radi baš to, da radi sa mladim ljudima i decom, da počne da gradi karakter i osobinu vođstva, da podstiče osećaj svrhe i integritet. Međutim, borba protiv korupcije ne znači samo reći da je korupcija loša.
Now, here are three strategies that we are employing that we believe can be replicated in any school community. First, we must understand the why: Why does corruption happen in the first place? Do we call it for what it is -- theft -- or do we gloss over it with other words? When young children are able to model what it looks and feels like to deal with corruption, they are likely, when faced with a dilemma in their future, to model what they've been taught.
Ovo su tri strategije koje mi koristimo za koje verujemo da mogu da se primene u svakoj školskoj zajednici. Kao prvo, moramo da razumemo razlog zašto uopšte dolazi do korupcije. Da li je nazivamo onim što jeste, krađom ili je maskiramo nekim drugim rečima? Kada mlada deca mogu da vide i osete kako je to suočavati se sa korupcijom, velika je verovatnoća da će, kada se sretnu sa dilemom u budućnosti, iskoristiti to što su naučili.
Second, we need to teach character explicitly. Now, this may seem obvious, but a child who exhibits a growth mindset and a sense of self-control is self-confident. And a self-confident child is likely to stand up for what they believe.
Kao drugo, moramo jasno da učimo decu o karakteru. Možda se čini da je ovo očigledno, ali dete koje ispoljava mentalitet usmeren ka rastu i ima osećaj za samokontrolu je samouvereno dete, a velika je verovatnoća da će se samouvereno dete boriti za ono u šta veruje.
Third, we need to build personal leadership in our children early to give them an opportunity to know what it looks like to call corruption out when they see it, what it feels like to stand up and be counted when they're needed and, for me, to make the more and most important connection between human suffering on one hand and corruption, greed and selfishness on the other.
Kao treće, moramo da naučimo našu decu kako da budu vođe još u detinjstvu. da im damo mogućnost da znaju kako izgleda ukazati na korupciju kada je vide, kakav je osećaj zauzeti se za nešto i kada na njih neko računa i, za mene najvažnije, da povežu ljudsku patnju, sa jedne strane, sa korupcijom, pohlepom i samoživošću, sa druge.
We have got to believe in our capacity to bring about the future we want to see, each of us in our small way. Young people must believe that a new reality is possible. Corruption, climate change, ecosystem collapse, biodiversity loss -- all these issues need leadership.
Moramo da verujemo u našu sposobnost da možemo da stvorimo budućnost koju želimo, svako od nas po malo, na svoj način. Mladi ljudi moraju da veruju da je nova stvarnost moguća. Korupcija, klimatske promene, propast ekosistema, gubitak biološke raznovrsnosti - za rešavanje svih ovih problema potrebne su vođe.
And in the words of Baba Dioum of Senegal, "In the final analysis, we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand and we will understand only what we are taught."
Kao što bi Baba Dioum iz Senegala rekao: „Na kraju, čuvaćemo samo ono što volimo, volećemo samo ono što razumemo, a razumećemo samo ono čemu smo naučeni.“
Thank you.
Hvala!
(Applause)
(Aplauz)