In India, we have these huge families. I bet a lot of you all must have heard about it. Which means that there are a lot of family events. So as a child, my parents used to drag me to these family events.
U Indiji imamo ogromne porodice. Kladim se da ste svi čuli za njih. To znači da imamo mnogo porodičnih događaja. Kao dete, roditelji su me vukli na ove porodične događaje.
But the one thing that I always looked forward to was playing around with my cousins. And there was always this one uncle who used to be there, always ready, jumping around with us, having games for us, making us kids have the time of our lives. This man was extremely successful: he was confident and powerful. But then I saw this hale and hearty person deteriorate in health. He was diagnosed with Parkinson's.
Ali najviše sam se radovala igranju sa mojim rođacima. Tu je uvek bio jedan ujak koji bi bio tamo, uvek spreman, skačući okolo s nama, imao bi igre za nas, činio je da se mi deca ludo provodimo. Ovaj čovek je bio veoma uspešan: bio je samouveren i moćan. Onda sam videla ovu čilu i srčanu osobu kako joj se polako urušava zdravlje. Dijagnozirali su mu Parkinsonovu bolest.
Parkinson's is a disease that causes degeneration of the nervous system, which means that this person who used to be independent suddenly finds tasks like drinking coffee, because of tremors, much more difficult. My uncle started using a walker to walk, and to take a turn, he literally had to take one step at a time, like this, and it took forever. So this person, who used to be the center of attention in every family gathering, was suddenly hiding behind people. He was hiding from the pitiful look in people's eyes.
To je bolest koja izaziva degeneraciju nervnog sistema, što znači da ova osoba, koja je bila nezavisna, sada ima poteškoća sa aktivnostima, poput ispijanja kafe, zbog drhtanja. Moj stric je počeo da šeta uz šetalicu, a kako bi se okrenuo, bukvalno je morao da ide korak po korak, ovako, i to je trajalo celu večnost. Ova osoba koja je bila u centru pažnje na svakom porodičnom okupljanju, odjednom se krila iza ljudi. Krio se od sažaljivog pogleda u očima ljudi.
And he's not the only one in the world. Every year, 60,000 people are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's, and this number is only rising. As designers, we dream that our designs solve these multifaceted problems, one solution that solves it all, but it need not always be like that. You can also target simple problems and create small solutions for them and eventually make a big impact. So my aim here was to not cure Parkinson's, but to make their everyday tasks much more simple, and then make an impact.
On nije jedini na svetu. Svake godine, kod novih 60 000 ljudi dijagnozira se Parkinsonova bolest, a ovaj broj samo raste. Kao dizajneri imamo san da svojim dizajnima rešimo ove višestrane probleme, jedno rešenje za sve, ali ne mora uvek da bude tako. Možete se fokusirati na jednostavne probleme i za njih stvoriti mala rešenja i na kraju imati veliki uticaj. Moj cilj nije bio da izlečim Parkinsonovu bolest, već da obolelim pojednostavim njihove svakodnevne aktivnosti, i tako napravim razliku.
Well, the first thing I targeted was tremors, right? My uncle told me that he had stopped drinking coffee or tea in public just out of embarrassment, so, well, I designed the no-spill cup. It works just purely on its form. The curve on top deflects the liquid back inside every time they have tremors, and this keeps the liquid inside compared to a normal cup. But the key here is that it is not tagged as a Parkinson's patient product. It looks like a cup that could be used by you, me, any clumsy person, and that makes it much more comforting for them to use, to blend in. So, well, one problem solved, many more to go.
Prvo sam se fokusirala na drhtanje. Stric mi je rekao da je prestao da pije kafu ili čaj u javnosti iz sramote, tako da sam dizajnirala šolju iz koje se ne prosipa. Funkcioniše prosto zbog svog oblika. Zaobljenje na vrhu vraća tečnost svaki put kada imaju drhtanje i ovo zadržava tečnost u poređenju s normalnom šoljom. Ključ je u tome da nije obeležena kao proizvod za obolele od Parkinsona. Izgleda kao šolja koju možete koristiti vi, ja, bilo koja nespretna osoba i zbog toga je za njih mnogo lakše da je koriste, da se uklope. Jedan problem je rešen, ostaje ih još dosta.
All this while, I was interviewing him, questioning him, and then I realized that I was getting very superficial information, or just answers to my questions. But I really needed to dig deeper to get a new perspective. So I thought, well, let's observe him in his daily tasks, while he's eating, while he's watching TV. And then, when I was actually observing him walking to his dining table, it struck me, this man who finds it so difficult to walk on flat land, how does he climb a staircase? Because in India we do not have a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase like in the developed countries. One actually has to climb the stairs. So he told me, "Well, let me show you how I do it." Let's take a look at what I saw.
Tokom svega ovoga sam ga intervjuisala, ispitivala ga, i onda sam shvatila da sam dobijala samo površne informacije, ili samo odgovore na moja pitanja. Ali zaista je trebalo da zagrebem dublje da bih imala novu perspektivu. Pomislila sam, hajde da ga posmatram u svakodnevnim aktivnostima, dok jede, dok gleda TV. Dok sam ga zapravo posmatrala dok ide do trpezarijskog stola, palo mi je napamet, ovaj čovek kome je tako teško da hoda po ravnom, kako se penje uz stepenice? Jer u Indiji nemamo prefinjeni eskalator koji vas povede uz stepenice kao u razvijenim zemljama. Morate da se popnete uz stepenice. Rekao mi je: "Hajde da ti pokažem kako to radim." Pogledajmo šta sam videla.
So he took really long to reach this position, and then all this while, I'm thinking, "Oh my God, is he really going to do it? Is he really, really going to do it without his walker?" And then ...
Trebalo mu je mnogo vremena da dođe do ovog mesta, a sve to vreme, ja mislim: "Bože, hoće li zaista uspeti? Hoće li zaista uspeti da to uradi bez svoje šetalice?" I onda...
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
And the turns, he took them so easily.
I tako se lako okretao.
So -- shocked? Well, I was too. So this person who could not walk on flat land was suddenly a pro at climbing stairs.
Tako da - šokirani? I ja sam bila. Ova osoba koja nije mogla da hoda po ravnoj površini odjednom je bila ekspert za penjanje uz stepenice.
On researching this, I realized that it's because it's a continuous motion. There's this other man who also suffers from the same symptoms and uses a walker, but the moment he's put on a cycle, all his symptoms vanish, because it is a continuous motion. So the key for me was to translate this feeling of walking on a staircase back to flat land. And a lot of ideas were tested and tried on him, but the one that finally worked was this one. Let's take a look.
Istraživajući ovo, shvatila sam da je tako jer se radi o kontinuiranom pokretu. Postoji još jedan čovek koji pati od istih simptoma i koristi šetalicu, ali kada ga stavite na bicikl, svi njegovi simptomi nestaju, jer je to kontinuiran pokret. Za mene je ključ bio u tome da se prevede ovaj osećaj hodanja po stepenicama u osećaj hodanja po ravnom. Isprobali smo mnogo ideja na njemu, ali konačno je funkcionisala ova. Hajde da pogledamo.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
He walked faster, right?
Hodao je brže, zar ne?
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
I call this the staircase illusion, and actually when the staircase illusion abruptly ended, he froze, and this is called freezing of gait. So it happens a lot, so why not have a staircase illusion flowing through all their rooms, making them feel much more confident? You know, technology is not always it. What we need are human-centered solutions. I could have easily made it into a projection, or a Google Glass, or something like that. But I stuck to simple print on the floor. This print could be taken into hospitals to make them feel much more welcome.
Ovo zovem iluzijom stepenica, i zapravo kada se iluzija naglo završila, on se zamrznuo u mestu, a ovo se zove zamrzavanje hoda. To se dešava često, pa zašto ne bismo imali iluziju stepenica u svim njihovim sobama, kako bi oni imali mnogo više samopouzdanja? Nije uvek stvar u tehnologiji. Potrebna su nam rešenja fokusirana na ljude. Lako sam mogla od toga da napravim projekciju ili Gugl naočare ili nešto slično. Ali držala sam se jednostavne odštampane slike na podu. Ova slika se može staviti u bolnice kako bi se oni osećali dobrodošlim.
What I wish to do is make every Parkinson's patient feel like my uncle felt that day. He told me that I made him feel like his old self again.
Želim da se svaka osoba obolela od Parkinsonove bolesti oseća kao moj ujak tog dana. Rekao mi je da se zbog mene osećao kao onaj stari.
"Smart" in today's world has become synonymous to high tech, and the world is only getting smarter and smarter day by day. But why can't smart be something that's simple and yet effective? All we need is a little bit of empathy and some curiosity, to go out there, observe. But let's not stop at that. Let's find these complex problems. Don't be scared of them. Break them, boil them down into much smaller problems, and then find simple solutions for them. Test these solutions, fail if needed, but with newer insights to make it better. Imagine what we all could do if we all came up with simple solutions. What would the world be like if we combined all our simple solutions? Let's make a smarter world, but with simplicity.
"Pametno" je u današnjem svetu sinonim za visoku tehnologiju, i svet iz dana u dan postaje sve pametniji. Ali zašto pametno ne bi moglo biti nešto što je jednostavno i efikasno? Potrebno nam je samo malo saosećanja i znatiželje da izađemo, posmatramo. Ali nemojmo stati tu. Pronađimo ove složene probleme. Nemojte ih se plašiti. Slomite ih, razgradite ih na mnogo manje probleme, i onda za njih nađite prosta rešenja. Isprobajte ova rešenja, neuspešno ako je to potrebno, ali sa novim uvidima u to kako da ih poboljšate. Zamislite šta bismo sve mogli da uradimo ako bismo smislili prosta rešenja. Kakav bi svet bio kada bismo svi kombinovali svoja prosta rešenja? Napravimo pametniji svet, ali uz pomoć jednostavnosti.
Thank you.
Hvala vam.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)