I want to ask you all to consider for a second the very simple fact that, by far, most of what we know about the universe comes to us from light. We can stand on the Earth and look up at the night sky and see stars with our bare eyes. The Sun burns our peripheral vision. We see light reflected off the Moon. And in the time since Galileo pointed that rudimentary telescope at the celestial bodies, the known universe has come to us through light, across vast eras in cosmic history. And with all of our modern telescopes, we've been able to collect this stunning silent movie of the universe -- these series of snapshots that go all the way back to the Big Bang.
Pozivam vas da na trenutak razmotrite veoma jednostavnu činjenicu da, do sada, većina onoga što znamo o univerzumu dolazi do nas putem svetlosti. Možemo stajati na Zemlji i gledati u zvezdano nebo i videti zvezde sopstvenim očima. Sunce sija našim perifernim vidom, vidimo refleksiju svetlosti sa Meseca, i od kad je Galileo uperio najosnovniji teleskop u nebeska tela, poznati univerzum nam se prikazao putem svetlosti, kroz ogromne epohe kosmičke istorije. I sa svim našim modernim teleskopima, bili smo u stanju da napravimo ovaj zapanjujući tihi snimak univerzuma -- ovu seriju slika koje sežu skroz unazad do Velikog Praska.
And yet, the universe is not a silent movie because the universe isn't silent. I'd like to convince you that the universe has a soundtrack and that soundtrack is played on space itself, because space can wobble like a drum. It can ring out a kind of recording throughout the universe of some of the most dramatic events as they unfold. Now we'd like to be able to add to a kind of glorious visual composition that we have of the universe -- a sonic composition. And while we've never heard the sounds from space, we really should, in the next few years, start to turn up the volume on what's going on out there.
Pa ipak, univerzum nije film bez zvuka, jer univerzum nije tih. Volela bih da vas uverim da univerzum ima svoju muziku, i ta muzika se sama stvara u svemiru. Jer je svemir nalik ritmu bubnja. Može izneti snimak nekih najdramatičnijih događaja , kroz univerzum, upravo onako kako su se odigrali. Voleli bismo kada bismo mogli da dodamo vizuelnim kompozicijama univerzuma koje imamo i zvučnu komponentu. I, iako nikada nismo čuli zvuke iz svemira, verovatno bi trebalo, u narednih par godina, da počnemo da pojačavamo zvuk onoga što se tamo dešava.
So in this ambition to capture songs from the universe, we turn our focus to black holes and the promise they have, because black holes can bang on space-time like mallets on a drum and have a very characteristic song, which I'd like to play for you -- some of our predictions for what that song will be like. Now black holes are dark against a dark sky. We can't see them directly. They're not brought to us with light, at least not directly. We can see them indirectly, because black holes wreak havoc on their environment. They destroy stars around them. They churn up debris in their surroundings. But they won't come to us directly through light. We might one day see a shadow a black hole can cast on a very bright background, but we haven't yet. And yet black holes may be heard even if they're not seen, and that's because they bang on space-time like a drum.
I u ovom nastojanju da uhvatimo muziku iz univrrzuma, usmerili smo pažnju na obećavajuće crne rupe, jer crne rupe mogu bubnjati po prostor-vremenu kao maljevi po dobošu i imati veoma karakterističnu pesmu, koju bih volela da vam odsviram u nekoj od naših predikcija kako očekujemo da ta pesma može zvučati. Sada, crne rupe su tama na tamnom nebu. Ne možemo ih videti direktno. Nisu nam pristupačne putem svetlosti, barem ne direktne. Možemo ih videti indirektno, jer one izazivaju pustoš u svojoj okolini. One uništavaju zvezde oko sebe. One sakupljaju otpad iz svog okruženja. Ali one nam se ne prikazuju direktno putem svetlosti. Možda ćemo jednog dana videti senku crne rupe na veoma svetloj pozadini, ali još uvek nismo uspeli u tome. Ali ipak crne rupe se mogu čuti iako se ne mogu videti, jer one bubnjaju o prostor-vreme kao doboš.
Now we owe the idea that space can ring like a drum to Albert Einstein -- to whom we owe so much. Einstein realized that if space were empty, if the universe were empty, it would be like this picture, except for maybe without the helpful grid drawn on it. But if we were freely falling through the space, even without this helpful grid, we might be able to paint it ourselves, because we would notice that we traveled along straight lines, undeflected straight paths through the universe. Einstein also realized -- and this is the real meat of the matter -- that if you put energy or mass in the universe, it would curve space, and a freely falling object would pass by, let's say, the Sun and it would be deflected along the natural curves in the space. It was Einstein's great general theory of relativity. Now even light will be bent by those paths. And you can be bent so much that you're caught in orbit around the Sun, as the Earth is, or the Moon around the Earth. These are the natural curves in space.
Ideju da svemir može zvučati kao bubanj dugujemo Albertu Ajnštajnu, kome dugujemo toliko puno. Ajnštajn je shvatio da ukoliko bi svemir bio prazan, ukoliko bi univerzum bio prazan, bio bi poput ove slike, samo možda bez ovih pomoćnih linija na njoj. Ali ukoliko bismo slobodno padali kroz svemir, čak bez ovih pomoćnih linija, bili bismo u mogućnosti da ih nacrtamo, jer bismo primetili da smo putovali pravim linijama, direktnim pravim stazama kroz univerzum. Ajnštajn je takođe uvideo -- i to je suština ovoga -- ako stavite energiju i masu u univerzum, to će zakriviti prostor. I slobodno padajući objekti bi prošli, recimo, kraj sunca i bili bi privučeni prirodnom zakrivljenošću prostora. To je Ajnštajnova genijalna opšta teorija relativiteta. Čak i svetlo može biti savijeno tim stazama. I moguće je doći do takvog savijanja, da se ostane zarobljen u orbiti Sunca, kao što je to slučaj sa Zemljom, ili Mesecom oko Zemlje. To su prirodne krive u prostoru.
What Einstein did not realize was that, if you took our Sun and you crushed it down to six kilometers -- so you took a million times the mass of the Earth and you crushed it to six kilometers across, you would make a black hole, an object so dense that if light veered too close, it would never escape -- a dark shadow against the universe. It wasn't Einstein who realized this, it was Karl Schwarzschild who was a German Jew in World War I -- joined the German army already an accomplished scientist, working on the Russian front. I like to imagine Schwarzschild in the war in the trenches calculating ballistic trajectories for cannon fire, and then, in between, calculating Einstein's equations -- as you do in the trenches. And he was reading Einstein's recently published general theory of relativity, and he was thrilled by this theory. And he quickly surmised an exact mathematical solution that described something very extraordinary: curves so strong that space would rain down into them, space itself would curve like a waterfall flowing down the throat of a hole. And even light could not escape this current. Light would be dragged down the hole as everything else would be, and all that would be left would be a shadow.
Ono što Ajnšatjn nije shvatio je to da, ako se uzme naše Sunce i sabije na šest kilometara u prečniku -- i tako dobije milion puta veća masa od Zemljine sabije se na šest kilometara u dužini, dobili bi crnu rupu, objekat toliko gust da ukoliko bi svetlost bila dovoljno blizu, nikada ne bi uspela da pobegne -- tamna senka protiv univerzuma. Ajnštajn to nije otkrio, to je otkrio Karl Švarcšild nemački jevrej u I Svetskom ratu -- koji se priključio nemačkoj vojsci kao već ostvareni naučnik, radeći na ruskom frontu. Volim da zamišljam Švarcčilda u ratu u rovovima kako vrši balističke proračune trajektila za topove, i u međuvremenu, preračunava Ajnštajnove jednačine -- kao što se to radi u rovovima. Čitao je nedavno pre toga objavljenu Ajnštajnovu opštu teoriju relativiteta, i bio je oduševljen tom teorijom. Ubrzo je pretpostavio tačno matematičko rešenje koje je objašnjavalo nešto veoma neobično: krive toliko jake da bi prostor upao u njih, prostor bi se survao u sebe kao vodopad slivajući se u središte rupe. Čak ni svetlost ne bi mogla pobeći ovoj struji. Svetlost bi bila uvučena u rupu kao i sve ostalo, i sve što bi ostalo je senka.
Now he wrote to Einstein, and he said, "As you will see, the war has been kind to me enough. Despite the heavy gunfire, I've been able to get away from it all and walk through the land of your ideas." And Einstein was very impressed with his exact solution, and I should hope also the dedication of the scientist. This is the hardworking scientist under harsh conditions. And he took Schwarzschild's idea to the Prussian Academy of Sciences the next week. But Einstein always thought black holes were a mathematical oddity. He did not believe they existed in nature. He thought nature would protect us from their formation. It was decades before the term "black hole" was coined and people realized that black holes are real astrophysical objects -- in fact they're the death state of very massive stars that collapse catastrophically at the end of their lifetime.
Tada je pisao Ajnštajnu, i rekao, "Kao što ćeš videti, rat mi je bio prilično naklonjen, uprkos teškoj pucnjavi. Uspeo sam da pobegnem od svega toga i da hodam zemljom tvojih ideja." Ajnštajn je bio veoma impresioniran ovim rešenjem, a nadam se takođe i posvećenošću ovog naučnika. To je bio veoma predan naučnik u tim teškim uslovima. I izneo je Švarcčildove ideje pred Pruskom Akademijom Nauka naredne nedelje. Ali Ajnštajn je smatrao da se crne rupe samo matematička čudnovatost. Nije verovao da one zaista postoje u prirodi. Mislio je da će nas priroda zaštiti od takvih struktura. Prošle su dekade dok je nastao termin crnih rupa i dok su ljudi shvatili da su crne rupe realno postojeći astrofizički objekti -- zapravo one su mrtvo stanje izuzetno masivnih zvezda koje dožive katastrofalni kolaps na kraju svog životnog veka.
Now our Sun will not collapse to a black hole. It's actually not massive enough. But if we did a little thought experiment -- as Einstein was very fond of doing -- we could imagine putting the Sun crushed down to six kilometers, and putting a tiny little Earth around it in orbit, maybe 30 kilometers outside of the black-hole sun. And it would be self-illuminated, because now the Sun's gone, we have no other source of light -- so let's make our little Earth self-illuminated. And you would realize you could put the Earth in a happy orbit even 30 km outside of this crushed black hole. This crushed black hole actually would fit inside Manhattan, more or less. It might spill off into the Hudson a little bit before it destroyed the Earth. But basically that's what we're talking about. We're talking about an object that you could crush down to half the square area of Manhattan.
Naše Sunce se neće pretvoriti u crnu rupu. Jer nije dovoljno masivno. Ali ako bismo napravili jedan misaoni eksperiment -- kao što je to Ajnštajn voleo da radi -- mogli bismo da zamislimo da se Sunce sažme na šest kilometara, i da se malena Zemlja nađe u njegovoj orbiti na, recimo 30 kilometara udaljenosti od crne rupe sunca. Ona bi bila samosvetleća, jer Sunca više ne bi bilo, nemamo drugog izvora svetlosti -- pa napravimo našu Zemlju samosvetlećom. I shvatili ste da bismo mogli staviti Zemlju na srećnu orbitu čak 30 kilometara udaljenu od urušene crne rupe. Ova urušena crna rupa bi stala na Menhetn, više ili manje. Možda bi malo prešla preko Hadsona pre nego što bi uništila Zemlju. Ali u suštini to je ono o čemu govorimo. Govorimo o objektu koji biste mogli smestiti na pola centralne zone Menhetna.
So we move this Earth very close -- 30 kilometers outside -- and we notice it's perfectly fine orbiting around the black hole. There's a sort of myth that black holes devour everything in the universe, but you actually have to get very close to fall in. But what's very impressive is that, from our vantage point, we can always see the Earth. It cannot hide behind the black hole. The light from the Earth, some of it falls in, but some of it gets lensed around and brought back to us. So you can't hide anything behind a black hole. If this were Battlestar Galactica and you're fighting the Cylons, don't hide behind the black hole. They can see you.
Tako bi primakli Zemlju veoma blizu -- na 30 km udaljenosti -- i primećujemo da bi ona savršeno orbitirala oko crne rupe. Postoji izvestan mit da crne rupe uništavaju sve u univerzumu, ali u suštinu potrebno je prići jako blizu da biste upali u nju. Ono što je jako impresivno je to, sa naše tačke gledišta, uvek možemo videti Zemlju. Ne može se sakriti iza crne rupe. Svetlo sa Zemlje, deo njega upada u nju, ali jedan deo biva vraćen do nas. Tako ne možete ništa sakriti iza crne rupe. Da je ovo Rat zvezda Galaktika i da se borite protiv Sajlonaca, nikako ne biste hteli da se sakrijete iza crne rupe. Videli bi vas.
Now, our Sun will not collapse to a black hole -- it's not massive enough -- but there are tens of thousands of black holes in our galaxy. And if one were to eclipse the Milky Way, this is what it would look like. We would see a shadow of that black hole against the hundred billion stars in the Milky Way Galaxy and its luminous dust lanes. And if we were to fall towards this black hole, we would see all of that light lensed around it, and we could even start to cross into that shadow and really not notice that anything dramatic had happened. It would be bad if we tried to fire our rockets and get out of there because we couldn't, anymore than light can escape.
Naše Sunce se neće urušiti u crnu rupu; nije dovoljno masivno, ali postoje na desetine hiljada crnih rupa u našoj galaksiji. A ukoliko bi došlo do pomračenja u Mlečnom putu, evo kako bi to izgledalo. Videli bismo senku crne rupe među hiljadama milijardi zvezda na Mlečnom putu galaksije i njihove svetleće puteve. I kada bismo upali u tu crnu rupu, videli bismo svo to svetlo sakupljeno u njoj, mogli bismo čak da prođemo kroz senku i da ne primetimo da se išta dramatično desilo. Bilo bi strašno kada bismo ispalili rakete i probali da pobegnemo odatle jer ne bismo uspeli, isto kao što ni svetlo ne može pobeći.
But even though the black hole is dark from the outside, it's not dark on the inside, because all of the light from the galaxy can fall in behind us. And even though, due to a relativistic effect known as time dilation, our clocks would seem to slow down relative to galactic time, it would look as though the evolution of the galaxy had been sped up and shot at us, right before we were crushed to death by the black hole. It would be like a near-death experience where you see the light at the end of the tunnel, but it's a total death experience. (Laughter) And there's no way of telling anybody about the light at the end of the tunnel.
Ali iako je crna rupa mračna spolja posmatrano, ona nije mračna u središtu. jer svetlost iz galaksije pada unutar nje. Pa ipak, zbog relativističkog efekta poznatog kao vremensko usporavanje, delovaće kao da su naši satovi usporili u odnosu na galaktičko vreme, izgledalo bi kao da je evolucija galaksije ubrzala i pogodila nas, baš pre nego što bismo bili uvučeni u smrt od strane crne rupe. To bi izgledalo kao iskustvo bliske smrti kada se vidi svetlo na kraju tunela, samo što bi ovo bilo kompletno iskustvo smrti. (Smeh) I ne bi bilo šanse da nekome kažete o svetlu na kraju tunela.
Now we've never seen a shadow like this of a black hole, but black holes can be heard, even if they're not seen. Imagine now taking an astrophysically realistic situation -- imagine two black holes that have lived a long life together. Maybe they started as stars and collapsed to two black holes -- each one 10 times the mass of the Sun. So now we're going to crush them down to 60 kilometers across. They can be spinning hundreds of times a second. At the end of their lives, they're going around each other very near the speed of light. So they're crossing thousands of kilometers in a fraction of a second, and as they do so, they not only curve space, but they leave behind in their wake a ringing of space, an actual wave on space-time. Space squeezes and stretches as it emanates out from these black holes banging on the universe. And they travel out into the cosmos at the speed of light.
E sada, nikada nismo videli ovakvu senku crne rupe, ali crne rupe se mogu čuti, čak i ako se ne vide. Zamislite sada jednu astrofizičku, realno moguću, situaciju -- zamislite dve crne rupe koje su proživele dugačak zajednički život. Možda su započele kao zvezde i urušile se u crne rupe -- svaka od njih 10 puta masivnija od Sunca. Sada ćemo ih urušiti na 60 km prečnika. Mogu rotirati hiljadama puta u sekundi. Na kraju njihovih života, kreću se jedna oko druge brzinom približno bliskom brzini svetlosti. Tako prelaze hiljade kilometara u deličima sekunde. I na takav način, one ne samo da zakrivljuju prostor, one takođe ostavljaju za sobom prstenasti prostor, pravi talas u prostor-vremenu. Prostor se širi i rasteže dok proističe iz tih crnih rupa bubnjajući univerzumom. I one putuju kroz kosmos brzinom svetlosti.
This computer simulation is due to a relativity group at NASA Goddard. It took almost 30 years for anyone in the world to crack this problem. This was one of the groups. It shows two black holes in orbit around each other, again, with these helpfully painted curves. And if you can see -- it's kind of faint -- but if you can see the red waves emanating out, those are the gravitational waves. They're literally the sounds of space ringing, and they will travel out from these black holes at the speed of light as they ring down and coalesce to one spinning, quiet black hole at the end of the day. If you were standing near enough, your ear would resonate with the squeezing and stretching of space. You would literally hear the sound. Now of course, your head would be squeezed and stretched unhelpfully, so you might have trouble understanding what's going on. But I'd like to play for you the sound that we predict.
Ova kompjuterska simulacija je nastala zahvaljujući grupi NASA Goddard. Bilo je potrebno skoro 30 godina da bi iko na svetu rešio ovaj problem. Ovo je bila jedna od grupa. Pokazuje dve crne rupe u orbiti jedne oko druge, ponovo, sa ovim nacrtanim pomoćnim krivama. I ako možete videti -- malo je mutno -- ali ako možete videti crvene talase kako proističu, to su gravitacioni talasi. To su bukvalno zvučni talasi prostora, i oni će putovati od ovih crnih rupa brzinom svetlosti dok se lagano stišavaju i sjedinjuju u jednu rotirajuću, tihu crnu rupu na kraju dana. Ukoliko bi stajali dovoljno blizu, vaše uvo bi rezoniralo sa širenjem i skupljanjem prostora. Bukvalno biste čuli zvuk. E sad, naravno, vaša glava bi se takođe širila i skupljala, pa biste možda imali problema da razumete šta se dešava. Ali voleo bih da vam pustim da odslušate zvuk koji smo predvideli.
This is from my group -- a slightly less glamorous computer modeling. Imagine a lighter black hole falling into a very heavy black hole. The sound you're hearing is the light black hole banging on space each time it gets close. If it gets far away, it's a little too quiet. But it comes in like a mallet, and it literally cracks space, wobbling it like a drum. And we can predict what the sound will be. We know that, as it falls in, it gets faster and it gets louder. And eventually, we're going to hear the little guy just fall into the bigger guy. (Thumping) Then it's gone. Now I've never heard it that loud -- it's actually more dramatic. At home it sounds kind of anticlimactic. It's sort of like ding, ding, ding.
Ovo je od moje grupe -- nešto manje glamurozno kompjutersko modelovanje. Zamislite svetliju crnu rupu koja pada u veoma tešku crnu rupu. Zvuk koji ćete čuti je zvuk svetlije crne rupe koja bubnja kroz prostor dok se približava. Da je udaljenija, zvuk bi bio slabiji. Ali ona nailazi poput malja, i bukvalno razbija prostor, udarajući kao bubanj. I možemo predvideti kakav bi zvuk bio. Znamo i to da, kako propada, ona se ubrzava i biva glasnija. I najzad, čućemo kako mala rupa upada u veliku. (Udari) I onda je gotovo. Nikada nisam slušao ovako glasno -- zapravo je mnogo dramatičnije. Kod kuće zvuči gotovo antiklimakteričko. Zvuči kao ding, ding, ding.
This is another sound from my group. No, I'm not showing you any images, because black holes don't leave behind helpful trails of ink, and space is not painted, showing you the curves. But if you were to float by in space on a space holiday and you heard this, you want to get moving. (Laughter) Want to get away from the sound. Both black holes are moving. Both black holes are getting closer together. In this case, they're both wobbling quite a lot. And then they're going to merge. (Thumping) Now it's gone. Now that chirp is very characteristic of black holes merging -- that it chirps up at the end. Now that's our prediction for what we'll see.
Ovo je jedan drugi zvuk moje grupe. Ne, neću vam pokazati nikakve slike, jer crne rupe ne ostavljaju za sobom nikakve pomoćne tragove, i prostor nije obojan, kako bi pokazao zakrivljenost. Ali ako biste plovili svemirom na nekom svemirskom odmoru i čujete ovaj zvuk, želeli biste da pobegnete. (Smeh) Želeli biste da pobegnete od zvuka. Obe crne rupe se kreću. Obe crne rupe se približavaju jedna drugoj. U ovom slučaju, obe bubnjaju prilično mnogo. I na putu su da se spoje. (Bubnjanje) Gotovo je. Ovaj piskutav zvuk je veoma karakterističan za spajanje crnih rupa -- tako zvuči na kraju. E sada, ovo je naše predviđanje za ono što ćemo videti.
Luckily we're at this safe distance in Long Beach, California. And surely, somewhere in the universe two black holes have merged. And surely, the space around us is ringing after traveling maybe a million light years, or a million years, at the speed of light to get to us. But the sound is too quiet for any of us to ever hear. There are very industrious experiments being built on Earth -- one called LIGO -- which will detect deviations in the squeezing and stretching of space at less than the fraction of a nucleus of an atom over four kilometers. It's a remarkably ambitious experiment, and it's going to be at advanced sensitivity within the next few years -- to pick this up. There's also a mission proposed for space, which hopefully will launch in the next ten years, called LISA. And LISA will be able to see super-massive black holes -- black holes millions or billions of times the mass of the Sun.
Na sreću, mi smo na sigurnoj udaljenosti ovde na Lng Biču, u Kaliforniji. I sigurno, negde u univerzumu dve crne rupe su se spojile. I sigurno, prostor oko nas odzvanja posle putovanja možda milionima svetlosnih godina, ili milionima godina, brzinom svetlosti da bi stigla do nas. Ali zvuk je previše tih da bi ga bilo ko od nas čuo. Postoje veoma napredni eksperimenti koji se rade ovde na Zemlji -- jedan nazvan LIGO -- koji će detektovati neka odstupanja u širenjima i skupljanjima prostora manjim od delića jezgra atoma pa preko četiri kilometra. To je prilično ambiciozan eksperiment, i odvijaće se na unapređenoj osetljivosti u narednih nekoliko godina -- kako bi uhvatili to. Postoji takođe i predložena misija za svemir, koja bi trebalo da se odvije u narednih deset godina, zvana LISA. I LISA će biti u stanju da vidi super masivne crne rupe -- crne rupe milionima ili milijardama puta masivnijim od Sunca.
In this Hubble image, we see two galaxies. They look like they're frozen in some embrace. And each one probably harbors a super-massive black hole at its core. But they're not frozen; they're actually merging. These two black holes are colliding, and they will merge over a billion-year time scale. It's beyond our human perception to pick up a song of that duration. But LISA could see the final stages of two super-massive black holes earlier in the universe's history, the last 15 minutes before they fall together. And it's not just black holes, but it's also any big disturbance in the universe -- and the biggest of them all is the Big Bang. When that expression was coined, it was derisive -- like, "Oh, who would believe in a Big Bang?" But now it actually might be more technically accurate because it might bang. It might make a sound.
Na ovoj Hablovoj slici, vidimo dve galaksije. Izgledaju kao da su zamrznute u nekakvom zagrljaju. I svaka od njih verovatno skriva super masivnu crnu rupu u svom središtu. Ali one nisu zamrznute, one se zapravo spajaju. Ove dve crne rupe se ujedinjuju, i one će se spojiti u periodu od milijardu godina. To je van domašaja ljudske percepcije da se uhvati muzika tog događaja. Ali LISA bi mogla videti poslednje faze dve super masivne crne rupe ranije tokom istorije univerzuma, poslednjih 15 minuta pre nego što su se spojile. I to ne samo crne rupe, već bilo koju veću nepravilnost u univerzumu -- a najveća od njih je svakako Veliki Prasak. Kada je taj izraz skovan, bio je prilično podrugljiv -- kao, "Oh, ko bi još poverovao u Veliki Prasak?" Ali sada je to već tehnički moguće proveriti, jer bi moglo eksplodirati; moglo bi proizvesti zvuk.
This animation from my friends at Proton Studios shows looking at the Big Bang from the outside. We don't ever want to do that actually. We want to be inside the universe because there's no such thing as standing outside the universe. So imagine you're inside the Big Bang. It's everywhere, it's all around you, and the space is wobbling chaotically. Fourteen billion years pass and this song is still ringing all around us. Galaxies form, and generations of stars form in those galaxies, and around one star, at least one star, is a habitable planet. And here we are frantically building these experiments, doing these calculations, writing these computer codes.
Ova animacija je napravljena od strane mojiih prijatelja u Proton Studiju i pokazuje Veliki Prasak spolja gledano. Ne bismo nikada želeli da to zaista uradimo; želimo biti unutar univerzuma, jer ne postoji mogućnost postojati van univerzuma. Zamislite sada da ste unutar Velikog Praska. Svuda je, oko vas, i prostor se pomera haotično. 14 milijardi godina je prošlo i ta muzika i dalje odjekuje oko nas. Galaktične forme, i generacije zvezda iz tih galaksija. I oko jedne zvezde, najmanje jedna zvezda, je nastanjiva planeta. I evo nas kako mahnito pokušavamo da napravimo eksperimente, radeći ove proračune, pišući ove kompjuterske kodove.
Imagine a billion years ago, two black holes collided. That song has been ringing through space for all that time. We weren't even here. It gets closer and closer -- 40,000 years ago, we're still doing cave paintings. It's like hurry, build your instruments. It's getting closer and closer, and in 20 ... whatever year it will be when our detectors are finally at advanced sensitivity -- we'll build them, we'll turn on the machines and, bang, we'll catch it -- the first song from space. If it was the Big Bang we were going to pick up, it would sound like this. (Static) It's a terrible sound. It's literally the definition of noise. It's white noise; it's such a chaotic ringing. But it's around us everywhere, presumably, if it hasn't been wiped out by some other process in the universe. And if we pick it up, it will be music to our ears because it will be the quiet echo of that moment of our creation, of our observable universe.
Zamislite pre milijardu godina, dve crne rupe su se spojile. Ta muzika je odzvanjala kroz prostor sve ovo vreme. Nismo čak ni bili ovde. Postaje sve bliža i bliža -- 40.000 godina ranije, još uvek crtamo crteže u pećinama. Kao da smo u žurbi, da napravimo instrumente. Sve je bliže i bliže, i 20... koja god godina da bude kada naši detektori najzad dostignu željenu osetljivost -- sagradićemo ih, uključićemo mašine i, beng, uhvatićemo ga -- prvu muziku iz svemira. Ukoliko to bude zvuk Velikog Praska, zvučaće otprilike ovako. (Zvuk) To je užasan zvuk. To je bukvalno definicija buke. To je beli šum, haotično odzvanjanje. Ali oko nas je svuda, verovatno, ukoliko nije izbrisano nekim drugim procesom u univerzumu. Ukoliko ga uhvatimo, biće to muzika za naše uši, jer biće to tihi eho trenutka našeg stvaranja, našeg vidljivog univerzuma.
So within the next few years, we'll be able to turn up the soundtrack a little bit, render the universe in audio. But if we detect those earliest moments, it'll bring us that much closer to an understanding of the Big Bang, which brings us that much closer to asking some of the hardest, most elusive, questions. If we run the movie of our universe backwards, we know that there was a Big Bang in our past, and we might even hear the cacophonous sound of it, but was our Big Bang the only Big Bang? I mean we have to ask, has it happened before? Will it happen again? I mean, in the spirit of rising to TED's challenge to reignite wonder, we can ask questions, at least for this last minute, that honestly might evade us forever.
I u narednih nekoliko godina, moći ćemo da pojačamo zvuk malo, pretvarajući univerzm u zuk. ALi ako detektujemo ranije trenutke, to će nas dovesti mnogo bliže razumevajnu Velikog Praska, što nas približava postavljanju jednog od najtežih, najnedostižnijih pitanja. Ako pustimo film univerzuma unazad, znamo da se desio Veliki Prasak u prošlosti, i možda bismo čuli njegov zvuk, ali da li je naš Veliki Prasak jedini Veliki Prasak? Mislim, moramo se zapitati, da li se desio i ranije? Da li će se desiti ponovo? Mislim, u duhu uzdizanja TEDovih izazova kako bismo rasplamsali čudo, možemo postaviti pitanje, makar u ovom poslednjem minutu, koje nas zbilja može izbegavati zauvek.
But we have to ask: Is it possible that our universe is just a plume off of some greater history? Or, is it possible that we're just a branch off of a multiverse -- each branch with its own Big Bang in its past -- maybe some of them with black holes playing drums, maybe some without -- maybe some with sentient life, and maybe some without -- not in our past, not in our future, but somehow fundamentally connected to us? So we have to wonder, if there is a multiverse, in some other patch of that multiverse, are there creatures? Here's my multiverse creatures. Are there other creatures in the multiverse, wondering about us and wondering about their own origins? And if they are, I can imagine them as we are, calculating, writing computer code, building instruments, trying to detect that faintest sound of their origins and wondering who else is out there.
Ali moramo ga postaviti: Da li je moguće da naš univerzum samo oznaka neke veće istorije? Ili, da li je moguće da smo mi samo ogranak nekog multiverzuma -- i svaka grana ima svoj sopstveni Veliki Prasak u prošlosti -- neke od njih sa crnim rupama koje bubnjaju, neke možda bez njih -- možda neke sa živim svetom, možda neke bez -- ne u našoj prošlosti, ne u našoj budućnosti, ali nekako fundamentalno povezane sa nama? Moramo se pitati, da li postoji multiverzum, u nekom drugom delu tog multiverzuma, postoje li stvorenja? Evo mojih multiverznih stvorenja. Da li postoje svorenja u multiverzumu, koja razmišljaju o nama i razmišljaju o sopstvenom poreklu? I ako postoje, mogu ih zamisliti da su poput nas, računaju, pišu komjuterske kodove. grade instrumenete, pokušavaju da detektuhz taj sudbonosan zvuk svog porekla i pitaju se ko li je još tamo.
Thank you. Thank you.
Hvala vam. Hvala.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)