The public debate about architecture quite often just stays on contemplating the final result, the architectural object. Is the latest tower in London a gherkin or a sausage or a sex tool?
Javna diskusija vezana uz arhitekturu često ostaje samo na raspravi konačnog rezultata, arhitektonskog objekta. Je li najnoviji neboder u Londonu krastavac ili kobasica ili seksualno pomagalo?
So recently, we asked ourselves if we could invent a format that could actually tell the stories behind the projects, maybe combining images and drawings and words to actually sort of tell stories about architecture. And we discovered that we didn't have to invent it, it already existed in the form of a comic book.
Nedavno smo se pitali kada bismo mogli osmisliti format koji bi mogao ispričati priču koja se krije iza projekta možda kombinirajući slike i crteže s riječima da bi na neki način ispričao priču o arhitekturi. I onda smo otkrili kako ne moramo to osmišljavati već da postoji u formi stripa.
So we basically copied the format of the comic book to actually tell the stories of behind the scenes, how our projects actually evolve through adaptation and improvisation. Sort of through the turmoil and the opportunities and the incidents of the real world. We call this comic book "Yes is More," which is obviously a sort of evolution of the ideas of some of our heroes.
Tako da smo u osnovi kopirali format stripa kako bismo ispričali priče iza kulisa, kako naši projekti nastaju kroz prilagodbu i improvizaciju. Na neki način kroz metež i prilike te incidente stvarnog svijeta. Ovaj strip nazivamo "Da je više", što je očito vrsta evolucije ideja o nekim našim herojima.
In this case it's Mies van der Rohe's Less is More. He triggered the modernist revolution. After him followed the post-modern counter-revolution, Robert Venturi saying, "Less is a bore." After him, Philip Johnson sort of introduced (Laughter) you could say promiscuity, or at least openness to new ideas with, "I am a whore." Recently, Obama has introduced optimism at a sort of time of global financial crisis.
U ovom slučaju to je Mies van der Rohesov "Manje je više". On je potaknuo modernističku revoluciju. Poslje njega slijedila je post-modernistička kontra-revolucija, Robert Venturi koji kaže, "Manje je dosadno". Poslije njega, Philip Johnson na neki način uvodi (Smijeh) mogli bi reći promiskuitet, ili u najmanju ruku otvorenost novim idejama s, "Ja sam kurva". Nedavno je Obama uveo optimizam u vrijeme globalne financijske krize.
And what we'd like to say with "Yes is More" is basically trying to question this idea that the architectural avant-garde is almost always negatively defined, as who or what we are against. The cliche of the radical architect is the sort of angry young man rebelling against the establishment. Or this idea of the misunderstood genius, frustrated that the world doesn't fit in with his or her ideas. Rather than revolution, we're much more interested in evolution, this idea that things gradually evolve by adapting and improvising to the changes of the world.
I ono što mi želimo reči s "Da je više" jest da u suštini dovedemo u pitanje tu ideju da arhitektonska avangarda gotovo uvijek mora biti negativno definirana, poput protiv koga ili čega smo mi. Kliše radikalnog arhitekta jest neka vrsta gnjevnog mladog čovjeka koji se buni protiv sustava. Ili ta ideja neshvaćenog genija, frustiranog zbog svijeta koji se jednostavno ne uklapa u njegove ili njezine ideje. Umjesto revolucije, mi smo bitno više zainteresirani za evoluciju, tu ideju da stvari postupno evoluiraju kroz adaptaciju i improvizaciju na promjene iz okruženja.
In fact, I actually think that Darwin is one of the people who best explains our design process. His famous evolutionary tree could almost be a diagram of the way we work. As you can see, a project evolves through a series of generations of design meetings. At each meeting, there's way too many ideas. Only the best ones can survive. And through a process of architectural selection, we might choose a really beautiful model or we might have a very functional model. We mate them. They have sort of mutant offspring. And through these sort of generations of design meetings we arrive at a design.
U stvari, ja mislim kako je Darwin jedan od ljudi koji najbolje opisuje proces dizajna. Njegovo poznato evolucijsko stablo bi moglo gotovo biti dijagram načina na koji radimo. Kao što možete vidjeti, projekt evoluira kroz serije iteracija dizajnerskih sastanaka. Na svakom sastanku, imamo previše ideja. Samo najbolje mogu preživjeti. A kroz proces arhitektonske selekcije, mogli bi izabrati zaista lijep model ili možemo dobiti jako funkcionalan model. Spojimo ih. Oni imaju mutirane potomke. I kroz ove različite generacije sastanaka dizajnera mi dođemo do dizajna
A very literal way of showing it is a project we did for a library and a hotel in Copenhagen. The design process was really tough, almost like a struggle for survival, but gradually an idea evolved: this sort of idea of a rational tower that melts together with the surrounding city, sort of expanding the public space onto what we refer to as a Scandinavian version of the Spanish Steps in Rome, but sort of public on the outside, as well as on the inside, with the library.
Prilično doslovan način prikaza ovoga je projekt koji smo napravili za knjižnicu i hotel u Kopenhagenu. Dizajnerski proces je bio stvarno težak, gotovo kao bitka za preživljavanje, ali je postupno ideja evoluirala: neka vrsta ideje o racionalnom tornju koji se stapa s onime što ga okružuje u gradu, koji širi javni prostor na ono što mislimo da je skandinavska verzija Španjolskih stepenica u Rimu, ali na neki način javno izvana, kao i iznutra, s knjižnicom.
But Darwin doesn't only explain the evolution of a single idea. As you can see, sometimes a subspecies branches off. And quite often we sit in a design meeting and we discover that there is this great idea. It doesn't really work in this context. But for another client in another culture, it could really be the right answer to a different question. So as a result, we never throw anything out. We keep our office almost like an archive of architectural biodiversity. You never know when you might need it.
Ali Darwin ne objašnjava samo evoluciju jedne ideje. Kao što možete vidjeti, ponekad se podvrste izdvoje. I prilično često dok sjedimo na sastanku dizajnera otkrijemo kako postoji ta sjajna ideja. Ona stvarno ne funkcionira u ovom kontekstu. Ali za nekog drugog klijenta u nekoj drugoj kulturi, to bi mogao biti pravi odgovor, na neko drugo pitanje. Dakle kao rezultat, nikada ne izbacujemo ništa. Naš ured je gotovo arhiva arhitektonske bioraznolikosti. Nikada ne znaš kada će ti možda zatrebati.
And what I'd like to do now, in an act of warp-speed storytelling, is tell the story of how two projects evolved by adapting and improvising to the happenstance of the world. The first story starts last year when we went to Shanghai to do the competition for the Danish National Pavilion for the World Expo in 2010. And we saw this guy, Haibao. He's the mascot of the expo, and he looks strangely familiar. In fact he looked like a building we had designed for a hotel in the north of Sweden. When we submitted it for the Swedish competition we thought it was a really cool scheme, but it didn't exactly look like something from the north of Sweden. The Swedish jury didn't think so either. So we lost.
I ono što bih sada volio učiniti, u činu pričanja priče warp brzinom, jest ispričati vam priču o razvoju dva projekta kroz adaptaciju i improvizaciju okolnostima u svijetu. Prva priča započinje prošle godine kada smo otišli u Šangaj na natjecanje za Danski Nacionalni Paviljon na Svjetskoj Izložbi 2010. I vidjeli smo ovog tipa, Haibaoa. Bio je maskota izložbe, i izgledao nam je poznato na čudan način. U stvari izgledao je kao zgrada koju smo dizjanirali za hotel u sjevernoj Švedskoj. Kada smo ga predali za švedsko natjecanje mislili smo da je to stvarno super koncept, ali nije stvarno izgledao kao nešto sa sjevera Švedske. Ni švedsko povjerenstvo nije mislilo tako. Tako da smo izgubili.
But then we had a meeting with a Chinese businessman who saw our design and said, "Wow, that's the Chinese character for the word 'people.'" (Laughter) So, apparently this is how you write "people," as in the People's Republic of China. We even double checked. And at the same time, we got invited to exhibit at the Shanghai Creative Industry Week. So we thought like, this is too much of an opportunity, so we hired a feng shui master. We scaled the building up three times to Chinese proportions, and went to China. (Laughter) So the People's Building, as we called it. This is our two interpreters, sort of reading the architecture.
Ali onda smo imali sastanak s kineskim poslovnjakom koji je vidio naš dizajn i rekao, "Vau, to je kineski znak za riječ 'narod'." (Smijeh) Ispostavilo se da ovako pišete 'narod', kao u Narodnoj Republici Kini. Čak smo još jednom provjerili. Istovremeno smo pozvani da izlažemo na Šangajskom Tjednu Kreativne Industrije. Tako smo mislili, to je predobra prilika, pa smo unajmili feng shui majstora. Povećali smo zgradu tri puta prema kineskim proporcijama, i otišli smo u Kinu. (Smijeh) Dakle 'Narodna zgrada', kako smo ju zvali. Ovo su naša dva prevoditelja, koji čitaju arhitekturu na neki način.
It went on the cover of the Wen Wei Po newspaper, which got Mr. Liangyu Chen, the mayor of Shanghai, to visit the exhibition. And we had the chance to explain the project. And he said, "Shanghai is the city in the world with most skyscrapers," but to him it was as if the connection to the roots had been cut over. And with the People's Building, he saw an architecture that could bridge the gap between the ancient wisdom of China and the progressive future of China. So we obviously profoundly agreed with him. (Laughter) (Applause) Unfortunately, Mr. Chen is now in prison for corruption. (Laughter)
Završilo je na naslovnici Wen Wei Po novina, što je navelo gosp. Liangyu Chena, gradonačelnika Šangaja, da posjeti izložbu. I dobili smo priliku objasniti projekt. A on je rekao, "Šangaj je svjetski grad s najvećim brojem nebodera," ali za njega je to bilo kao prekinuta veza s korijenima. A s 'Narodnom zgradom' on je vidio arhitekturu koja bi mogla povezati jaz između tradicionalne mudrosti Kine i progresivne budućnosti Kine. Naravno mi smo se složili s njime. (Smijeh) (Pljesak) Nažalost gosp. Chen je sada u zatvoru zbog korupcije. (Smijeh)
But like I said, Haibao looked very familiar, because he is actually the Chinese character for "people." And they chose this mascot because the theme of the expo is "Better City, Better Life." Sustainability. And we thought, sustainability has grown into being this sort of neo-Protestant idea that it has to hurt in order to do good.
Ali kao što sam rekao, Haibao je izgledao stvarno poznato, jer je on u stvari kineski znak za 'narod'. A oni su izabrali tu maskotu jer je tema EXPO-a bila 'Bolji grad, bolji život'. Održivost. I mi smo mislili, održivost je prerasla u neku vrstu neoprotestanske ideje da mora boljeti kako bi bilo dobro.
You know, you're not supposed to take long, warm showers. You're not supposed to fly on holidays because it's bad for the environment. Gradually, you get this idea that sustainable life is less fun than normal life. So we thought that maybe it could be interesting to focus on examples where a sustainable city actually increases the quality of life.
Znate, ne biste se smjeli dugo tuširati. Ne biste smjeli letjeti na praznike jer je to loše za okoliš. Postupno, dobijete tu ideju da je održivi život manje zabavan nego normalan život. Tako smo pomislili da bi možda moglo biti interesantno fokusirati se na primjere gdje održivi grad u stvari povećava kvalitetu života.
We also asked ourselves, what could Denmark possibly show China that would be relevant? You know, it's one of the biggest countries in the world, one of the smallest. China symbolized by the dragon. Denmark, we have a national bird, the swan. (Laughter) China has many great poets,
Također smo se pitali, što bi Danska mogla pokazati Kini a da bude relevantno? Znate, to su jedna od najvećih zemalja na svijetu, i jedna od najmanjih. Kina koju simbolizira zmaj. Danska, mi imamo nacionalnu pticu, labuda. (Smijeh) Kina ima puno sjajnih pjesnika,
but we discovered that in the People's Republic public school curriculum, they have three fairy tales by An Tu Sheng, or Hans Christian Anderson, as we call him. So that means that all 1.3 billion Chinese have grown up with "The Emperor's New Clothes," "The Matchstick Girl" and "The Little Mermaid." It's almost like a fragment of Danish culture integrated into Chinese culture.
ali mi smo otkrili kako u Narodnoj republici kurikulum javne škole ima tri bajke od An Tu Shenga, ili Hans Christian Andersona, kako ga mi nazivamo. To znači da je svih 1,3 milijarde Kineza odrastalo na 'Carevom novom ruhu', 'Djevojčici sa žigicama' i 'Maloj sireni'. To je gotovo kao fragment danske kulture integriran u kinesku kulturu.
The biggest tourist attraction in China is the Great Wall. The Great Wall is the only thing that can be seen from the moon. The big tourist attraction in Denmark is The Little Mermaid. That can actually hardly be seen from the canal tours. (Laughter)
Najveća turistička atrakcija u Kini je Veliki zid. Veliki zid je jedina stvar koja se može vidjeti s Mjeseca. Velika turistička atrakcija u Danskoj je 'Mala sirena'. Ona se jedva može vidjeti na turama brodovima u kanalu. (Smijeh)
And it sort of shows the difference between these two cities. Copenhagen, Shanghai, modern, European. But then we looked at recent urban development, and we noticed that this is like a Shanghai street, 30 years ago. All bikes, no cars. This is how it looks today; all traffic jam. Bicycles have become forbidden many places.
I to na neki način pokazuje razliku između ta dva grada, Kopenhagen, Šangaj, moderan, europski. Ali onda smo obratili pažnju na recentni urbani razvoj, i primjetili smo da je ovo ulica u Šangaju, prije 30 godina. Sve bicikli, bez automobila. Evo kako izgleda danas, prometna gužva. Bicikli su postali zabranjeni na mnogim mjestima.
Meanwhile, in Copenhagen we're actually expanding the bicycle lanes. A third of all the people commute by bike. We have a free system of bicycles called the City Bike that you can borrow if you visit the city. So we thought, why don't we reintroduce the bicycle in China? We donate 1,000 bikes to Shanghai. So if you come to the expo, go straight to the Danish pavilion, get a Danish bike, and then continue on that to visit the other pavilions.
U međuvremenu, u Kopenhagenu mi proširujemo biciklističke staze. Trećina ljudi putuje biciklima. Imamo besplatan sustav najma bicikla pod imenom 'Gradski bicikli' koje možete posuditi ako posjećujete grad. Dakle pomislili smo zašto ne bismo Kinu ponovno upoznali s biciklima? Donirati ćemo 1.000 bicikla Šangaju. Ako dođete na EXPO, odite ravno u danski paviljon uzmite danski bicikl, i onda nastavite posjećivati druge paviljone.
Like I said, Shanghai and Copenhagen are both port cities, but in Copenhagen the water has gotten so clean that you can actually swim in it. One of the first projects we ever did was the harbor bath in Copenhagen, sort of continuing the public realm into the water. So we thought that these expos quite often have a lot of state financed propaganda, images, statements, but no real experience. So just like with a bike, we don't talk about it. You can try it. Like with the water, instead of talking about it, we're going to sail a million liters of harbor water from Copenhagen to Shanghai, so the Chinese who have the courage can actually dive in and feel how clean it is.
Kao što sam rekao, Šangaj i Kopenhagen su oba lučka grada, ali u Kopenhagenu je voda postala toliko čista da možeš plivati u njoj. Jedan od prvih projekata koje smo ikada napravili bilo je lučko kupalište u Kopenhagenu, Neki način proširenja javnog prostora u vodu. Tako smo mislili da ti EXPO-i često imaju puno propagande financirane od strane države, slike, izjave ali bez stvarnog iskustva. Tako, da kao i s biciklom, ne pričamo o tome. Možete probati. Poput vode, umjesto da pričamo o tome, mi ćemo dopremiti milijun litara lučke vode iz Kopenhagena u Šangaj, tako da Kinezi koji budu dovoljno hrabri mogu skočiti u nju i osjetiti kako je čista.
This is where people normally object that it doesn't sound very sustainable to sail water from Copenhagen to China. But in fact, the container ships go full of goods from China to Denmark, and then they sail empty back. So quite often you load water for ballast. So we can actually hitch a ride for free.
Ovdje ljudi krenu prigovarati kako se ovo ne čini previše održivim prebaciti vodu od Kopenhagena do Šangaja. Ali u stvari, kontejnerski brodovi idu prepuni proizvoda iz Kine u Dansku, i onda plove prazni nazad. Dakle često uzimaju vodu za balast. Dakle mogli bismo uhvatiti besplatnu vožnju.
And in the middle of this sort of harbor bath, we're actually going to put the actual Little Mermaid. So the real Mermaid, the real water, and the real bikes. And when she's gone, we're going to invite a Chinese artist to reinterpret her. The architecture of the pavilion is this sort of loop of exhibition and bikes. When you go to the exhibition, you'll see the Mermaid and the pool. You'll walk around, start looking for a bicycle on the roof, jump on your ride and then continue out into the rest of the expo.
A usred te vrste lučkog kupališta, stavit ćemo pravu 'Malu sirenu'. Dakle prava 'Mala sirena', stvarna voda i bicikli. A kada ode, pozvati ćemo kineske umjetnike da je reinterpretiraju. Arhitektura paviljona je ta vrsta spirale izložbe i bicikala. Kada idete na izložbu, vidjeti ćete Sirenu i bazen. Hodati ćete okolo, počet ćete tražiti bicikle po krovu, skočit ćete na svoj bicikl i nastaviti s gledanjem ostatka EXPO-a.
So when we actually won the competition we had to do an exhibition in China explaining the project. And to our surprise we got one of our boards back with corrections from the Chinese state censorship. The first thing, the China map missed Taiwan. It's a very serious political issue in China. We will add on. The second thing, we had compared the swan to the dragon, and then the Chinese state said, "Suggest change to panda." (Laughter) (Applause)
Kada smo pobijedili na natjecanju morali smo napraviti izložbu u Kini kako bismo objasnili projekt. I na naše iznenađenje dobili smo jedan od naših panela nazad s korekcijama od strane kineske državne cenzure. Prva stvar, na kineskoj karti je nedostajao Tajvan. To je jako ozbiljno političko pitanje u Kini. Dodat ćemo ga. Druga stvar, usporedili smo labuda i zmaja, i onda je kineska država rekla, "Predlažemo promjenu u pandu." (Smijeh) (Pljesak)
So, when it came out in Denmark that we were actually going to move our national monument, the National People's Party sort of rebelled against it. They tried to pass a law against moving the Mermaid. So for the first time, I got invited to speak at the National Parliament. It was kind of interesting because in the morning, from 9 to 11, they were discussing the bailout package -- how many billions to invest in saving the Danish economy. And then at 11 o'clock they stopped talking about these little issues. And then from 11 to 1, they were debating whether or not to send the Mermaid to China. (Laughter) (Applause)
Kada je izašlo u Danskoj da ćemo stvarno maknuti naš nacionalni spomenik, Nacionalna narodna stranka se pobunila protiv toga. Pokušali su izglasati zakon protiv micanja Sirene. Tako sam po prvi puta pozvan da govorim u nacionalnom parlamentu. Bilo je na neki način zanimljivo jer ujutro od 9:00 do 11:00, raspravljali su o paketu mjera za pokretanje ekonomije -- koliko milijardi investirati u spašavanje danske ekonomije. I onda su u 11:00 sati stali raspravljati o tim malim stvarima. I onda su od 11:00 do 13:00, raspravljali o tome hoćemo li poslati Sirenu u Kinu. (Smijeh) (Pljesak)
But to conclude, if you want to see the Mermaid from May to December next year, don't come to Copenhagen, because she's going to be in Shanghai. If you do come to Copenhagen, you will probably see an installation by Ai Weiwei, the Chinese artist. But if the Chinese government intervenes, it might even be a panda. (Laughter)
Ali da zaključimo, ako želite vidjeti Sirenu od svibnja do prosinca slijedeće godine, nemojte ići u Kopenhagen, jer će ona biti u Šangaju. Ako dođete u Kopenhagen, vjerojatno ćete vidjeti instalaciju Ai Weiwei, kineskog umjetnika. Ali ako se kineska vlada uplete, mogla bi biti panda. (Smijeh)
So the second story that I'd like to tell is, actually starts in my own house. This is my apartment. This is the view from my apartment, over the sort of landscape of triangular balconies that our client called the Leonardo DiCaprio balcony. And they form this sort of vertical backyard where, on a nice summer day, you'll actually get introduced to all your neighbors in a vertical radius of 10 meters. The house is sort of a distortion of a square block. Trying to zigzag it to make sure that all of the apartments look at the straight views, instead of into each other.
Druga priča koju bih vam volio ispričati, započinje u mojoj kući. Ovo je moj stan. Ovo je pogled iz mog stana, preko neke vrste reljefa od trokutastih terasa koje je naš klijent nazvao 'Leonardo DiCaprio balkon'. I oni formiraju neku vrstu vertikalnog dvorišta gdje, za vrijeme lijepog ljetnog dana, možeš upoznati sve svoje susjede u vertikalnom radijusu od 10 metara. Kuća je neka vrsta dekonstruiranog kvadratnog bloka. On je izrezan cik-cak kako bi se osiguralo da svi apartmani imaju direktan pogled na okruženje, umjesto jedan na drugog.
Until recently, this was the view from my apartment, onto this place where our client actually bought the neighbor site. And he said that he was going to do an apartment block next to a parking structure. And we thought, rather than doing a traditional stack of apartments looking straight into a big boring block of cars, why don't we turn all the apartments into penthouses, put them on a podium of cars.
Do nedavno, ovo je bio pogled iz mog stana, na to mjesto dok naš klijent nije kupio susjednu parcelu. I on je rekao kako će napraviti stambeni blok pokraj parkirališta. A mi smo pomislili, umjesto da sagrade tradicionalni blok stanova koji će gledati u dosadni blok automobila, zašto ne bismo sve stanove pretvorili u penthouse, i stavili ih na podijum od automobila.
And because Copenhagen is completely flat, if you want to have a nice south-facing slope with a view, you basically have to do it yourself. Then we sort of cut up the volume, so we wouldn't block the view from my apartment. (Laughter) And essentially the parking is sort of occupying the deep space underneath the apartments.
I zato što je Kopenhagen potpuno ravan, ako želite imati jugu orjentiran stan s pogledom, to morate sami napraviti. Tako smo smanjili volumen, kako ne bismo blokirali pogled iz mog stana. (Smijeh) A parking u suštini okupira donji prostor ispod stanova.
And up in the sun, you have a single layer of apartments that combine all the splendors of a suburban lifestyle, like a house with a garden with a sort of metropolitan view, and a sort of dense urban location. This is our first architectural model. This is an aerial photo taken last summer. And essentially, the apartments cover the parking. They are accessed through this diagonal elevator. It's actually a stand-up product from Switzerland, because in Switzerland they have a natural need for diagonal elevators. (Laughter)
A gore na suncu, imate jedan sloj stanova koji kombiniraju sve prednosti života na periferiji, poput kuće s vrtom s pogledom na grad, i neka vrsta guste urbane lokacije. Ovo je naš prvi arhitektonski model. Ovo je slika iz zraka koju smo napravili prošlo ljeto. U osnovi,, stanovi prekrivaju parking. Njima se prilazi preko dijagonalnog lifta. To je u stvari standardni proizvod u Švicarskoj, jer tamo imaju prirodnu potrebu za dijagonalnim liftovima. (Smijeh)
And the facade of the parking, we wanted to make the parking naturally ventilated, so we needed to perforate it. And we discovered that by controlling the size of the holes, we could actually turn the entire facade into a gigantic, naturally ventilated, rasterized image. And since we always refer to the project as The Mountain, we commissioned this Japanese Himalaya photographer to give us this beautiful photo of Mount Everest, making the entire building a 3,000 square meter artwork. (Applause)
A fasada parkinga, željeli smo da parking ventilira prirodno, tako da smo je morali perforirati. I otkrili smo da kontroliranjem veličine otvora, možemo pretvoriti cijelu fasadu u ogromnu, prirodno ventilirajuću, rasteriranu sliku. I kako smo oduvijek projekt nazivali 'Planina', angažirali smo japanskog fotografa Himalaja da nam napravi ovu prekrasnu fotografiju Mount Everesta, pretvorivši cijelu zgradu veliku 3.000 m2 u umjetničko djelo. (Pljesak)
So if you go back into the parking, into the corridors, it's almost like traveling into a parallel universe from cars and colors, into this sort of south-facing urban oasis. The wood of your apartment continues outside becoming the facades. If you go even further, it turns into this green garden. And all the rainwater that drops on the Mountain is actually accumulated. And there is an automatic irrigation system that makes sure that this sort of landscape of gardens, in one or two years it will sort of transform into a Cambodian temple ruin, completely covered in green.
Ako se vratite na parking, u hodnike, gotovo kao da putujete iz paralelnoga svemira od automobila do boja, u neku vrstu urbane oaze okrenute jugu. Drvo iz vašeg stana nastavlja se prema vani i postaje dijelom fasade. Ako odete dalje, pretvara se u zeleni vrt. I sva kišnica koja padne na 'Planinu' sakuplja se. I postoji automatski sustav za navodnjavanje koji osigurava da se ovaj krajobraz vrtova, u jednoj do dvije godine pretvori u ostatke kambodžanskog hrama, kompletno prekrivenog zelenilom.
So, the Mountain is like our first built example of what we like to refer to as architectural alchemy. This idea that you can actually create, if not gold, then at least added value by mixing traditional ingredients, like normal apartments and normal parking, and in this case actually offer people the chance that they don't have to choose between a life with a garden or a life in the city. They can actually have both.
Tako je planina naš prvoizgrađeni primjer onoga što bismo željeli zvati arhitektonska alkemija. Ta ideja da možeš stvoriti, ako ne zlato, onda bar stvoriti vrijednost miješajući tradicionalne sastojke, poput normalnih stanova i normalnog parkinga, i u ovom slučaju ponudiš ljudima priliku da ne moraju birati između života u vrtu ili života u gradu. Mogu imati oboje.
As an architect, it's really hard to set the agenda. You can't just say that now I'd like to do a sustainable city in central Asia, because that's not really how you get commissions. You always have to sort of adapt and improvise to the opportunities and accidents that happen, and the sort of turmoil of the world.
Kao arhitektu, teško mi je postaviti agendu. Ne možete samo reći sada ću napraviti održivi grad u središnjoj Aziji, jer tako ne dobivate poslove. Uvijek se morate prilagođavati i improvizirati prilikama i slučajnostima na koje ćete naići, i konstantnim promjenama u svijetu.
One last example is that recently we, like last summer, we won the competition to design a Nordic national bank. This was the director of the bank when he was still smiling. (Laughter) It was in the middle of the capital so we were really excited by this opportunity. Unfortunately, it was the national bank of Iceland.
Zadnji primjer jest da smo nedavno, prošlog ljeta, osvojili natjecanje za dizajn Nordijske narodne banke. Ovo je bio direktor banke dok se još uvijek smijao. (Smijeh) Bila je u centru grada pa smo bili stvarno uzbuđeni zbog ove prilike. Na nesreću, to je bila nacionalna banka Islanda.
At the same time, we actually had a visitor -- a minister from Azerbaijan came to our office. We took him to see the Mountain. And he got very excited by this idea that you could actually make mountains out of architecture, because Azerbaijan is known as the Alps of Central Asia. So he asked us if we could actually imagine an urban master plan on an island outside the capital that would recreate the silhouette of the seven most significant mountains of Azerbaijan.
U isto vrijeme imali smo posjetitelja -- ministar Azerbajdžana je došao u naš ured. Odveli smo ga da mu pokažemo 'Planinu'. I on je bio prilično uzbuđen da se stvarno mogu raditi planine iz arhitekture, jer je Azerbajdžan poznat kao Alpe središnje Azije. Tako da nas je pitao ako možemo zamisliti urbani master plan otoka izvan glavnog grada koji bi oponašao siluetu sedam najvažnijih planina Azerbajdžana.
So we took the commission. And we made this small movie that I'd like to show. We quite often make little movies. We always argue a lot about the soundtrack, but in this case it was really easy to choose the song. So basically, Baku is this sort of crescent bay overlooking the island of Zira, the island that we are planning -- almost like the diagram of their flag. And our main idea was to sort of sample the seven most significant mountains of the topography of Azerbaijan and reinterpret them into urban and architectural structures, inhabitable of human life. Then we place these mountains on the island, surrounding this sort of central green valley, almost like a central park.
Tako da smo prihvatili taj posao. I napravili smo ovaj mali film koji bih vam volio pokazati. Često radimo male filmove. Uvijek se puno svađamo oko glazbe, ali u ovom slučaju bilo je stvarno lagano izabrati pjesmu. Baku je u suštini zaljev u obliku polumjeseca koji gleda na otok Zira, otok koji planiramo -- gotovo kao dijagram njihove zastave. I naša glavna ideja je bila da na neki način uzmemo uzorke sedam najznačajnijih planina topografije Azerbajdžana i reinterpretiramo ih u urbane i arhitektonske strukture, koje će naseliti ljudi. Onda smo postavili te planine na otok, tako da okružuju neku vrstu središnje zelene doline, gotovo kao centralnog parka.
And what makes it interesting is that the island right now is just a piece of desert. It has no vegetation. It has no water. It has no energy, no resources. So we actually sort of designed the entire island as a single ecosystem, exploiting wind energy to drive the desalination plants, and to use the thermal properties of water to heat and cool the buildings. And all the sort of excess freshwater wastewater is filtered organically into the landscape, gradually transforming the desert island into sort of a green, lush landscape.
I ono što je ovu stvar učinilo zanimljivom jest da je ovaj otok komad pustinje. On nema nikakvu vegetaciju. Nema vode. Nema energije, nema resursa. Tako da smo dizajnirali cijeli otok kao jedan ekosustav, koji crpi energiju vjetra za pokretanje postrojenja za desalinizaciju, i termičke karakteristike vode kako bi grijali i hladili zgrade. I sva suvišna otpadna voda se organski filtrira kroz zelenilo, postepeno transformirajući pustinjski otok u zeleni, bujni pejsaž.
So, you can say where an urban development normally happens at the expense of nature, in this case it's actually creating nature. And the buildings, they don't only sort of invoke the imagery of the mountains, they also operate like mountains. They create shelter from the wind. They accumulate the solar energy. They accumulate the water. So they actually transform the entire island into a single ecosystem.
Tako da možete reći kako urbani razvoj koji se često događa na račun prirode, u ovom slučaju on u biti stvara prirodu. A zgrade, one ne samo da prizivaju slike planina, one funkcioniraju kao planine. Stvaraju zavjetrinu. Akumuliraju solarnu energiju. Akumuliraju vodu. Dakle one u stvari transformiraju cijeli otok u jedinstveni ekosustav.
So we recently presented the master plan, and it has gotten approved. And this summer we are starting the construction documents of the two first mountains, in what's going to be the first carbon-neutral island in Central Asia. (Applause) Yes, maybe just to round off. So in a way you can see how the Mountain in Copenhagen sort of evolved into the Seven Peaks of Azerbaijan. With a little luck and some more evolution, maybe in 10 years it could be the Five Mountains on Mars. Thank you. (Applause)
Tako smo nedavno predstavili master plan, i odobren je. Od ovoga ljeta započeti ćemo s građevinskim dokumentima za prve dvije planine, onoga što će biti prvi otok neutralane emisije ugljik dioksida u središnjoj Aziji. (Pljesak) Da, možda da zaokružimo. Ovdje ste vidjeli kako je 'Planina' u Kopenhagenu evoluirala u sedam vrhova u Azerbajdžanu. Uz malo sreće i dodatne evolucije, možda za 10 godina to može biti 'Pet planina' na Marsu. Hvala vam. (Pljesak)