U mnogim patrijarhalnim i plemenskim društvima očevi su obično poznati po svojim sinovima, ali ja sam jedan od rijetkih očeva koji je poznat po svojoj kćerci i ponosim se time.
In many patriarchal societies and tribal societies, fathers are usually known by their sons, but I'm one of the few fathers who is known by his daughter,
(Aplauz)
and I am proud of it.
(Applause)
Malala je pokrenula svoju kampanju za obrazovanje i zauzela se za svoja prava 2007. godine, a kada su njeni napori nagrađeni 2011, i kada joj je dodijeljena nacionalna omladinska nagrada za mir, i kada je postala jako poznata, jako popularna mlada djevojka u svojoj zemlji; prije toga, bila je moja kćerka, a sada sam ja njen otac. Dame i gospodo, ako se samo osvrnemo na ljudsku historiju, priča o ženama je priča o nepravdi, nejednakosti nasilju i eksploataciji. Vidite, u patrijarhalnim društvima, od samog početka, kada se rodi djevojčica, njeno rođenje se ne slavi. Njoj se ne raduju ni otac, ni majka. Komšiluk dolazi i suosjeća s majkom, a ocu niko ne čestita. A majci je neugodno što je rodila djevojčicu. Kada rodi prvu djevojčicu, prvu kćerku, tužna je. Kada poslije prve rodi i drugu kćerku, šokirana je, a u očekivanju sina, kada rodi treću kćerku, osjeća se krivom kao kriminalac.
Malala started her campaign for education and stood for her rights in 2007, and when her efforts were honored in 2011, and she was given the national youth peace prize, and she became a very famous, very popular young girl of her country. Before that, she was my daughter, but now I am her father. Ladies and gentlemen, if we glance to human history, the story of women is the story of injustice, inequality, violence and exploitation. You see, in patriarchal societies, right from the very beginning, when a girl is born, her birth is not celebrated. She is not welcomed, neither by father nor by mother. The neighborhood comes and commiserates with the mother, and nobody congratulates the father. And a mother is very uncomfortable for having a girl child. When she gives birth to the first girl child, first daughter, she is sad. When she gives birth to the second daughter, she is shocked, and in the expectation of a son, when she gives birth to a third daughter, she feels guilty like a criminal.
Ne pati samo majka, već i kćerka, novorođena kćerka, kada odraste također pati. Kada napuni pet godina, kada bi trebala krenuti u školu, ona ostaje kod kuće dok su njena braća primljena u školu. Do 12-e godine, nekako, ima dobar život. Može se zabavljati. Može se igrati sa svojim prijateljima na ulici, i može se kretati ulicama, kao leptir. Ali kada uđe u pubertet, kada napuni 13 godina, zabranjeno joj je da izađe iz kuće bez muške pratnje. Zatočena je unutar četiri zida svog doma. Ona više nije slobodna individua. Ona postaje takozvana čast svoga oca i svoje braće i svoje porodice, i ako prekrši kodeks takozvane časti, ubit će je.
Not only the mother suffers, but the daughter, the newly born daughter, when she grows old, she suffers too. At the age of five, while she should be going to school, she stays at home and her brothers are admitted in a school. Until the age of 12, somehow, she has a good life. She can have fun. She can play with her friends in the streets, and she can move around in the streets like a butterfly. But when she enters her teens, when she becomes 13 years old, she is forbidden to go out of her home without a male escort. She is confined under the four walls of her home. She is no more a free individual. She becomes the so-called honor of her father and of her brothers and of her family, and if she transgresses the code of that so-called honor, she could even be killed.
Također je interesantno da taj takozvani kodeks časti ne pogađa samo život djevojčice, već pogađa i živote muških članova porodice. Poznajem obitelj u kojoj je sedam sestara i jedan brat, i taj jedan brat, emigrirao je u zemlje Zaljeva da bi mogao zaraditi za život svojih sedam sestara i svojih roditelja, jer smatra da bi bilo ponižavajuće da njegovih sedam sestara savladaju vještine i izađu iz kuće i zarade za život. Tako ovaj brat žrtvuje radosti u sopstvenom životu i sreću svojih sestara na oltaru takozvane časti.
And it is also interesting that this so-called code of honor, it does not only affect the life of a girl, it also affects the life of the male members of the family. I know a family of seven sisters and one brother, and that one brother, he has migrated to the Gulf countries, to earn a living for his seven sisters and parents, because he thinks that it will be humiliating if his seven sisters learn a skill and they go out of the home and earn some livelihood. So this brother, he sacrifices the joys of his life and the happiness of his sisters at the altar of so-called honor.
I postoji još jedna norma patrijarhalnih društava koja se zove poslušnost. Dobra djevojka treba biti jako tiha, vrlo skromna i jako ponizna. To je kriterij. Uzorna djevojka treba biti jako tiha. Od nje se očekuje da šuti i od nje se očekuje da prihvati odluke svog oca i svoje majke i odluke starijih, čak i ako joj se to ne sviđa. Ako je udaju za muškarca koji joj se ne sviđa ili je udaju za starca, ona to mora prihvatiti, jer ne želi da je proglase neposlušnom. Ako je jako rano udaju, ona to mora prihvatiti. U suprotnom će je proglasiti neposlušnom. I šta se na kraju dešava? Riječima pjesnikinje, udata je, stavljena u krevet i rađa nove sinove i kćeri. A ironija u svemu je što ta majka podučava istoj lekciji poslušnosti svoju kćerku i istoj lekciji časti svoje sinove. I strašni krug se nastavlja i nastavlja.
And there is one more norm of the patriarchal societies that is called obedience. A good girl is supposed to be very quiet, very humble and very submissive. It is the criteria. The role model good girl should be very quiet. She is supposed to be silent and she is supposed to accept the decisions of her father and mother and the decisions of elders, even if she does not like them. If she is married to a man she doesn't like or if she is married to an old man, she has to accept, because she does not want to be dubbed as disobedient. If she is married very early, she has to accept. Otherwise, she will be called disobedient. And what happens at the end? In the words of a poetess, she is wedded, bedded, and then she gives birth to more sons and daughters. And it is the irony of the situation that this mother, she teaches the same lesson of obedience to her daughter and the same lesson of honor to her sons. And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.
Dame i gospodo, teškoće miliona žena mogu prestati ako bismo drugačije razmišljali, ako bi i muškarci i žene drugačije razmišljali, ako bi i muškarci i žene u plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima u zemljama u razvoju, prekršili poneku normu porodice ili društva; ako bi ukinuli diskriminatorne zakone sistema u njihovim državama, koji su protivni osnovnim ljudskim pravima žena.
Ladies and gentlemen, this plight of millions of women could be changed if we think differently, if women and men think differently, if men and women in the tribal and patriarchal societies in the developing countries, if they can break a few norms of family and society, if they can abolish the discriminatory laws of the systems in their states, which go against the basic human rights of the women.
Draga braćo i sestre, kada je Malala rođena, po prvi put, vjerujte mi, moram biti iskren, ne volim novorođenčad, ali kada sam otišao i pogledao u njene oči, vjerujte mi, bio sam izuzetno počastvovan. A dugo prije njenog rođenja sam razmišljao o njenom imenu i bio fasciniran herojskim, legendarnim borcem za slobodu u Afganistanu. Njeno ime je bilo Malalai od Maiwanda i po njoj sam nazvao svoju kćer. Nekoliko dana nakon Malalinog rođenja, nakon rođenja moje kćerke, došao je moj rođak - i to je bila slučajnost - došao je u moj dom i donio porodično stablo, porodično stablo familije Yousafzai, i kada sam pogledao to porodično stablo, pratilo je 300 godina naših predaka. Ali, kada sam pogledao, svi su bili muškarci. Uzeo sam olovku, povukao liniju od mog imena i upisao "Malala".
Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born, and for the first time, believe me, I don't like newborn children, to be honest, but when I went and I looked into her eyes, believe me, I got extremely honored. And long before she was born, I thought about her name, and I was fascinated with a heroic legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan. Her name was Malalai of Maiwand, and I named my daughter after her. A few days after Malala was born, my daughter was born, my cousin came -- and it was a coincidence -- he came to my home and he brought a family tree, a family tree of the Yousafzai family, and when I looked at the family tree, it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors. But when I looked, all were men, and I picked my pen, drew a line from my name, and wrote, "Malala."
I kada je porasla, kada je imala četiri i po godine, upisao sam je u moju školu. Zapitat ćete se zašto spominjem upis djevojčice u školu? Da, moram to spomenuti. To se možda uzima zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi, u Americi, u mnogim razvijenim zemljama, ali u siromašnim zemljama, u patrijarhalnim društvima, u plemenskim društvima, to je veliki događaj u životu djevojčice. Upis u školu znači prepoznavanje njenog identiteta i njenog imena. Prijem u školu znači da je ušla u svijet snova i nadanja u kojem može istraživati svoje mogućnosti za svoj budući život. Ja imam pet sestara, i nijedna od njih nije mogla ići u školu, i, zapanjit će vas, prije dvije sedmice, kada sam popunjavao formular za kanadsku vizu, ispunjavao sam dio sa podacima o porodici, nisam se mogao sjetiti prezimena nekih mojih sestara. A razlog za to je to što nikada, nikada nisam vidio imena mojih sestara napisana na bilo kojem dokumentu. Iz tog sam razloga cijenio svoju kćerku. Ono što moj otac nije mogao pružiti mojim sestrama, svojim kćerkama, ja sam smatrao da moram promijeniti.
And when she grow old, when she was four and a half years old, I admitted her in my school. You will be asking, then, why should I mention about the admission of a girl in a school? Yes, I must mention it. It may be taken for granted in Canada, in America, in many developed countries, but in poor countries, in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies, it's a big event for the life of girl. Enrollment in a school means recognition of her identity and her name. Admission in a school means that she has entered the world of dreams and aspirations where she can explore her potentials for her future life. I have five sisters, and none of them could go to school, and you will be astonished, two weeks before, when I was filling out the Canadian visa form, and I was filling out the family part of the form, I could not recall the surnames of some of my sisters. And the reason was that I have never, never seen the names of my sisters written on any document. That was the reason that I valued my daughter. What my father could not give to my sisters and to his daughters, I thought I must change it.
Nekad sam cijenio inteligenciju i brilijantnost moje kćerke. Ohrabrivao sam je da sjedi samnom kada bi dolazili moji prijatelji. Ohrabrivao sam je da ide samnom na različite sastanke. I sve ove dobre vrijednosti sam pokušao ugraditi u njenu ličnost. I to nije bila samo ona, samo Malala. Pružao sam ove dobre vrijednosti u svojoj školi, jednako i učenicama i učenicima. Obrazovanje sam koristio za emancipaciju. Učio sam svoje djevojčice, učio sam svoje učenice, da se oduče od lekcije poslušnosti. Učio sam svoje učenike da se oduče lekcije takozvane pseudo - časti.
I used to appreciate the intelligence and the brilliance of my daughter. I encouraged her to sit with me when my friends used to come. I encouraged her to go with me to different meetings. And all these good values, I tried to inculcate in her personality. And this was not only she, only Malala. I imparted all these good values to my school, girl students and boy students as well. I used education for emancipation. I taught my girls, I taught my girl students, to unlearn the lesson of obedience. I taught my boy students to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.
Draga braćo i sestre, težili smo većim pravima za žene, i borili se da dobijemo više, više i više prostora za žene u društvu. Ali smo naišli na novi fenomen. To je bilo pogubno za ljudska prava, a posebno za prava žena. To je Talibanizacija. To znači potpuno negiranje učešća žena u svim političkim, ekonomskim i društvenim aktivnostima. Izgubljeno je stotine škola. Djevojčicama je zabranjeno ići u školu. Žene su prisiljene da nose velove i zabranjeno im je ići na pijace. Muzičari su ušutkani, djevojke šibane, a pjevači ubijani. Milioni su patili, ali malo ko je progovorio, a najstrašnija stvar je, kada ste okruženi takvim ljudima, koji ubijaju i šibaju, zagovarati svoja prava. To je zaista zastrašujuća stvar.
Dear brothers and sisters, we were striving for more rights for women, and we were struggling to have more, more and more space for the women in society. But we came across a new phenomenon. It was lethal to human rights and particularly to women's rights. It was called Talibanization. It means a complete negation of women's participation in all political, economical and social activities. Hundreds of schools were lost. Girls were prohibited from going to school. Women were forced to wear veils and they were stopped from going to the markets. Musicians were silenced, girls were flogged and singers were killed. Millions were suffering, but few spoke, and it was the most scary thing when you have all around such people who kill and who flog, and you speak for your rights. It's really the most scary thing.
Sa 10 godina, Malala je ustala i založila se za pravo na obrazovanje. Pisala je dnevnik za BBC blog, volontirala je za dokumentarce New York Timesa i oglašavala se sa svake platforme sa koje je mogla. I njen glas je bio najsnažniji. Širio se kao krešendo širom svijeta. I to je bio razlog zašto Talibani nisu mogli tolerisati njenu kampanju; 9. oktobra 2012, njoj su iz blizine pucali u glavu.
At the age of 10, Malala stood, and she stood for the right of education. She wrote a diary for the BBC blog, she volunteered herself for the New York Times documentaries, and she spoke from every platform she could. And her voice was the most powerful voice. It spread like a crescendo all around the world. And that was the reason the Taliban could not tolerate her campaign, and on October 9 2012, she was shot in the head at point blank range.
Za mene i moju porodicu, to je bio sudnji dan. Svijet se pretvorio u veliku crnu rupu. Dok je moja kćerka bila na ivici života i smrti, šapnuo sam svojoj ženi, "Da li sam ja kriv za ovo što se desilo mojoj i tvojoj kćerki?"
It was a doomsday for my family and for me. The world turned into a big black hole. While my daughter was on the verge of life and death, I whispered into the ears of my wife, "Should I be blamed for what happened to my daughter and your daughter?"
I presjekla me je, "Molim te, ne krivi sebe. Zalagao si se za pravu stvar. Stavio si svoj život na kocku za istinu, za mir i za obrazovanje, i inspirisao si svoju kćerku i ona ti se pridružila. Oboje ste bili na pravom putu i Bog će je zaštititi".
And she abruptly told me, "Please don't blame yourself. You stood for the right cause. You put your life at stake for the cause of truth, for the cause of peace, and for the cause of education, and your daughter in inspired from you and she joined you. You both were on the right path and God will protect her."
Ovih nekoliko riječi mi je mnogo značilo i više nikada nisam postavio to pitanje.
These few words meant a lot to me, and I didn't ask this question again.
Dok je Malala bila u bolnici i bila u jakim bolovima, sa jakim glavoboljama jer joj je presječen facijalni nerv, viđao sam tamnu sjenu kako prelazi preko lica moje žene. Ali, moja se kćerka nikad nije žalila. Znala nam je reći, "Ne smeta mi moj iskrivljeni osmijeh i utrnulo lice. Biću uredu. Molim vas, ne brinite". Bila nam je utjeha, i ona je tješila nas.
When Malala was in the hospital, and she was going through the severe pains and she had had severe headaches because her facial nerve was cut down, I used to see a dark shadow spreading on the face of my wife. But my daughter never complained. She used to tell us, "I'm fine with my crooked smile and with my numbness in my face. I'll be okay. Please don't worry." She was a solace for us, and she consoled us.
Draga braćo i sestre, od nje smo se učili otpornosti u najtežim vremenima, i drago mi je što s vama dijelim da je, bez obzira što je ikona prava žena i djece, ona kao i svaka druga 16-godišnjakinja. Plače kada ne dovrši zadaću. Svađa se sa braćom, i jako sam sretan zbog toga.
Dear brothers and sisters, we learned from her how to be resilient in the most difficult times, and I'm glad to share with you that despite being an icon for the rights of children and women, she is like any 16-year old girl. She cries when her homework is incomplete. She quarrels with her brothers, and I am very happy for that.
Ljudi me pitaju šta je posebno u mom mentorstvu što je napravilo Malalu tako hrabrom, tako odvažnom, glasnom i pribranom? Kažem im, ne pitajte šta sam uradio. Pitajte šta nisam. Nisam joj potkresao krila, i to je sve.
People ask me, what special is in my mentorship which has made Malala so bold and so courageous and so vocal and poised? I tell them, don't ask me what I did. Ask me what I did not do. I did not clip her wings, and that's all.
Hvala vam mnogo.
Thank you very much.
(Aplauz) Hvala. Hvala vam mnogo. Hvala. (Aplauz)
(Applause) Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause)