TED is 30. The world wide web is celebrating this month its 25th anniversary. So I've got a question for you. Let's talk about the journey, mainly about the future. Let's talk about the state. Let's talk about what sort of a web we want.
TED-u je 30 godina. World Wide Web slavi ovoga mjeseca svoju 25. godišnjicu. Stoga imam pitanje za vas. Razgovarajmo o putovanju, ponajviše o budućnosti. Razgovarajmo o stanju. Razgovarajmo o tome kakav web želimo.
So 25 years ago, then, I was working at CERN. I got permission in the end after about a year to basically do it as a side project. I wrote the code. I was I suppose the first user. There was a lot of concern that people didn't want to pick it up because it would be too complicated. A lot of persuasion, a lot of wonderful collaboration with other people, and bit by bit, it worked. It took off. It was pretty cool. And in fact, a few years later in 2000, five percent of the world population were using the world wide web. In 2007, seven years later, 17 percent. In 2008, we formed the World Wide Web Foundation partly to look at that and worry about that figure. And now here we are in 2014, and 40 percent of the world are using the world wide web, and counting. Obviously it's increasing.
Dakle, prije 25 godina radio sam u CERN-u. Nakon oko godine dana dopušteno mi je da na tome radim kao na paralelnom projektu. Napisao sam kod. Pretpostavljam da sam bio prvi korisnik. Bilo je dosta zabrinutosti da ga ljudi neće prihvatiti jer će biti suviše kompliciran. Mnogo uvjeravanja, mnogo čudesne suradnje s drugim ljudima, i mic-po-mic, proradio je. Lansirali smo ga. Bio je cool. Ustvari, nekoliko godina kasnije, 2000., pet posto svjetskog stanovništva koristilo se webom. Sedam godina kasnije, 2007. - 17%. 2008. osnovali smo Zakladu World Wide Web, da bismo pratili i da bismo se brinuli o toj brojci. Danas smo u 2014. i 40 posto svijeta koristi web, a mi i dalje brojimo. Očigledno, web raste.
I want you to think about both sides of that. Okay, obviously to anybody here at TED, the first question you ask is, what can we do to get the other 60 percent on board as quickly as possible? Lots of important things. Obviously it's going to be around mobile. But also, I want you to think about the 40 percent, because if you're sitting there yourself sort of with a web-enabled life, you don't remember things anymore, you just look them up, then you may feel that it's been a success and we can all sit back. But in fact, yeah, it's been a success, there's lots of things, Khan Academy for crying out loud, there's Wikipedia, there's a huge number of free e-books that you can read online, lots of wonderful things for education, things in many areas. Online commerce has in some cases completely turned upside down the way commerce works altogether, made types of commerce available which weren't available at all before. Commerce has been almost universally affected. Government, not universally affected, but very affected, and on a good day, lots of open data, lots of e-government, so lots of things which are visible happening on the web.
Želio bih da razmislite o objema stranama te pojave. Naravno, svima ovdje na TED-u jasno je da je naše prvo pitanje: Što možemo učiniti da privučemo ostalih 60 posto što je prije moguće? Mnogo će stvari biti vezano uz mobilnu tehnologiju. Ali, želim da razmislite i o ovih 40 posto, jer ako vi koji sjedite ovdje, s čitavim svojim životima podržanima webom, ne pamtite više ništa nego ih jednostavno potražite, možda imate osjećaj da je to uspjeh i da se svi možemo opustiti. Zapravo, to jest bio uspjeh, mnogo je primjera - Akademija Khan, za Boga miloga - Wikipedija, ogromne su količine svima dostupnih e-knjiga koje možete čitati, mnoštvo sjajnih obrazovnih sadržaja, raznih stvari. Trgovina na webu u nekim je slučajevima naglavce okrenula načine kako se dotad trgovalo, omogućila neke oblike trgovine kakvi dotad nisu bili mogući. Trgovina je u gotovo svakom smislu izmijenjena. Utjecaj na vlade nije univerzalan, ali one jesu pod utjecajem, i za dobrih dana, mnoštvo je dostupnih podataka, mnoštvo e-vlada, pa se i mnoštvo toga vidljivog zbiva na webu.
Also, lots of things which are less visible. The healthcare, late at night when they're worried about what sort of cancer somebody they care about might have, when they just talk across the Internet to somebody who they care about very much in another country. Those sorts of things are not, they're not out there, and in fact they've acquired a certain amount of privacy. So we cannot assume that part of the web, part of the deal with the web, is when I use the web, it's just a transparent, neutral medium. I can talk to you over it without worrying about what we in fact now know is happening, without worrying about the fact that not only will surveillance be happening but it'll be done by people who may abuse the data. So in fact, something we realized, we can't just use the web, we have to worry about what the underlying infrastructure of the whole thing, is it in fact of a quality that we need? We revel in the fact that we have this wonderful free speech. We can tweet, and oh, lots and lots of people can see our tweets, except when they can't, except when actually Twitter is blocked from their country, or in some way the way we try to express ourselves has put some information about the state of ourselves, the state of the country we live in, which isn't available to anybody else. So we must protest and make sure that censorship is cut down, that the web is opened up where there is censorship.
Također, mnogo je toga manje vidljivo. Zdravstvena skrb, kasno noću, dok brinu o tome kakvu bi vrstu raka mogao imati netko njima drag, kada samo pričaju preko Interneta s nekim do koga im je stalo u drugoj zemlji. Takve stvari nisu, nisu vani, i zapravo prikupile su određenu količinu privatnosti. Tako da ne možemo preuzeti taj dio weba, dio dogovora s webom, je da kada koristim web, to je samo transparentni, neutralni medij. Mogu s vama pričati preko toga bez brige o tome što zapravo znamo da se događa, bez brige o činjenici da ne samo da će se nadzor dogoditi nego će ga provoditi ljudi koji mogu zlorabiti podatke. Zapravo, shvatili smo, ne možemo samo koristiti web, moramo se brinuti o tome što je infrastruktura cijele stvari, je li doista kvalitete kakvu trebamo? Uživamo u činjenici da imamo ovu prekrasnu slobodu govora. Možemo tweetati, i da, mnoštvo ljudi može vidjeti tweetove, osim kada ne mogu, osim kada je Twitter zapravo blokiran u njihovoj zemlji, ili je na neki način naše izražavanje stavilo informacije o našem stanju, stanju države u kojoj živimo, koje nije dostupno nikom drugom. Moramo prosvjedovati i osigurati da je cenzura srezana, da web postane otvoren tamo gdje postoji cenzura.
We love the fact that the web is open. It allows us to talk. Anybody can talk to anybody. It doesn't matter who we are. And then we join these big social networking companies which are in fact effectively built as silos, so that it's much easier to talk to somebody in the same social network than it is to talk to somebody in a different one, so in fact we're sometimes limiting ourselves. And we also have, if you've read the book about the filter bubble, the filter bubble phenomenon is that we love to use machines which help us find stuff we like. So we love it when we're bathed in what things we like to click on, and so the machine automatically feeds us the stuff that we like and we end up with this rose-colored spectacles view of the world called a filter bubble. So here are some of the things which maybe threaten the social web we have.
Volimo činjenicu da je web otvoren. Dozvoljava nam da pričamo. Svatko može pričati s bilo kim. Nije važno tko smo. I onda se pridružimo ovim velikim tvrtkama za društveno umrežavanje koje su zapravo građene kao silosi, tako da je puno jednostavnije pričati s nekim u istoj društvenoj mreži nego pričati s nekim u drugoj, tako da se nekad ograničavamo. I također imamo, ako ste čitali knjigu o mjehuru filtriranja, što je fenomen da volimo koristiti strojeve koji nam pomažu naći stvari koje nam se sviđaju Tako da volimo biti preplavljeni stvarima koje volimo klikati, tako da nam stroj automatski pruža stvari koje nam se sviđaju i završimo sa ružičastim pogledom na svijet koji se zove mjehur filtriranja. Evo nekih stvari koje možda prijete društvenom webu koji imamo.
What sort of web do you want? I want one which is not fragmented into lots of pieces, as some countries have been suggesting they should do in reaction to recent surveillance. I want a web which has got, for example, is a really good basis for democracy. I want a web where I can use healthcare with privacy and where there's a lot of health data, clinical data is available to scientists to do research. I want a web where the other 60 percent get on board as fast as possible. I want a web which is such a powerful basis for innovation that when something nasty happens, some disaster strikes, that we can respond by building stuff to respond to it very quickly.
Kakav web želite? Želim jedan koji nije fragmentiran u puno dijelova, kako su neke zemlje predlagale da treba biti kao reakcija na nadzor. Želim web koji recimo ima, koji jest dobra osnova za demokraciju. Želim web kojim mogu koristiti zdravstvenu skrb s privatnošću i gdje ima puno zdravstvenih, kliničkih podataka koje znanstvenici mogu istraživati. Želim web u kojeg se ostalih 60 posto uključuje što je prije moguće. Priželjkujem web koji je toliko snažna osnova za inovacije, da u slučaju neke nepogode, neke katastrofe, omogućuje da odgovorimo na nju izgrađujući stvari za odgovor vrlo brzo.
So this is just some of the things that I want, from a big list, obviously it's longer. You have your list. I want us to use this 25th anniversary to think about what sort of a web we want. You can go to webat25.org and find some links. There are lots of sites where people have started to put together a Magna Carta, a bill of rights for the web. How about we do that? How about we decide, these are, in a way, becoming fundamental rights, the right to communicate with whom I want. What would be on your list for that Magna Carta? Let's crowdsource a Magna Carta for the web. Let's do that this year. Let's use the energy from the 25th anniversary to crowdsource a Magna Carta to the web. (Applause)
Ovo su samo neke od stvari koje priželjkujem, iz velike liste, očito je duža. Vi imate svoju listu. Želim da iskoristimo 25. godišnjicu da razmislimo o tome kakav web želimo. Možete doći na webat25.org i naći neke linkove. Postoje stranice gdje su ljudi započeli sastavljati Magna Cartu, povelju o pravima za web. Što kažete da to učinimo? Da odlučimo, da ovo postaju osnovna prava, pravo na komunikaciju s kime god želim. Što bi bilo na vašoj listi za Magnu Cartu weba? Izradimo zajedno Magnu Cartu za web. Učinimo to ove godine. Upotrijebimo energiju ove 25. godišnjice za 'crowdsourcing' Velike Povelje Weba (Magna Carta, op.) (Pljesak)
Thank you. And do me a favor, will you? Fight for it for me. Okay? Thanks.
Hvala vam. Učinite mi uslugu, hoćete li? Borite se za to za mene. OK? Hvala.
(Applause)
(Pljesak)