Good morning. Let's look for a minute at the greatest icon of all, Leonardo da Vinci. We're all familiar with his fantastic work -- his drawings, his paintings, his inventions, his writings. But we do not know his face. Thousands of books have been written about him, but there's controversy, and it remains, about his looks. Even this well-known portrait is not accepted by many art historians.
Pozdravljeni. Vzemimo si nekaj minut za največjo ikono vseh časov, Leonarda da Vincija. Vsi poznamo njegova fantastična dela -- risbe, slike, izume, besedila. Ne poznamo pa njegovega obraza. O njem je napisanih na tisoče knjig, še vedno pa obstaja polemika glede njegovega videza. Celo tega slavnega portreta mnogi umetnostni zgodovinarji ne priznavajo.
So, what do you think? Is this the face of Leonardo da Vinci or isn't it? Let's find out. Leonardo was a man that drew everything around him. He drew people, anatomy, plants, animals, landscapes, buildings, water, everything. But no faces? I find that hard to believe. His contemporaries made faces, like the ones you see here -- en face or three-quarters. So, surely a passionate drawer like Leonardo must have made self-portraits from time to time. So let's try to find them.
Kaj pa vi mislite? Je to obraz Leonarda da Vincija ali ni? Poskusimo ugotoviti. Leonardo je bil človek, ki je risal vse okoli sebe. Risal je ljudi, anatomijo, rastline, živali, pokrajino, stavbe, vodo, vse. Vse razen obrazov? Težko verjamem. Njegovi sodobniki so delali obraze; take, kot jih vidite tu -- frontalno ali tričetrtinsko. Prav gotovo je strastni risar, kakršen je bil Leonardo, od časa do časa naredil kakšen avtoportret. Poskusimo jih najti.
I think that if we were to scan all of his work and look for self-portraits, we would find his face looking at us. So I looked at all of his drawings, more than 700, and looked for male portraits. There are about 120, you see them here. Which ones of these could be self-portraits? Well, for that they have to be done as we just saw, en face or three-quarters. So we can eliminate all the profiles. It also has to be sufficiently detailed. So we can also eliminate the ones that are very vague or very stylized. And we know from his contemporaries that Leonardo was a very handsome, even beautiful man. So we can also eliminate the ugly ones or the caricatures. (Laughter)
Če bi skenirali njegov celoten opus in iskali avtoportrete, bi po mojem mnenju ugotovili, da imamo Leonardov obraz ves čas pred očmi. Torej sem preučil vse njegove risbe, več kot 700, in pri tem iskal moške portrete. Teh je okoli 120, vidite jih tule. Kateri izmed njih bi lahko bili avtoportreti? Narisani bi morali biti frontalno ali tričetrtinsko, kot smo videli prej. Takoj lahko izločimo vse profile. Morajo biti tudi dovolj natančni. Tako lahko izločimo portrete, ki so nerazločni ali zelo stilizirani. Od njegovih sodobnikov vemo, da je bil Leonardo zelo privlačen in celo lep moški. Zato lahko izločimo portrete grdih moških in karikature. (Smeh)
And look what happens -- only three candidates remain that fit the bill. And here they are. Yes, indeed, the old man is there, as is this famous pen drawing of the Homo Vitruvianus. And lastly, the only portrait of a male that Leonardo painted, "The Musician."
Poglejte, kaj se je zgodilo -- samo 3 kandidati ustrezajo vsem pogojem. In tukaj so. Res je, starec je ostal, prav tako njegov slavni "Vitruvijanski človek". In nazadnje, edini portret moškega, ki ga je Leonardo kdaj narisal - "Glasbenik".
Before we go into these faces, I should explain why I have some right to talk about them. I've made more than 1,100 portraits myself for newspapers, over the course of 300 -- 30 years, sorry, 30 years only. (Laughter) But there are 1,100, and very few artists have drawn so many faces. So I know a little about drawing and analyzing faces. OK, now let's look at these three portraits. And hold onto your seats, because if we zoom in on those faces, remark how they have the same broad forehead, the horizontal eyebrows, the long nose, the curved lips and the small, well-developed chin.
Preden se jim posvetimo, moram razložiti, od kod imam pravico o njih govoriti. Narisal sem že več kot 1.100 avtoportretov za časopise, in to tekom 300 -- 30 let. Oprostite, samo tekom 30 let. (Smeh) Jih je pa 1.100 in malo umetnikov je narisalo toliko obrazov. Zato nekaj vem o risanju in analizi obrazov. Tako, zdaj pa poglejmo tiste tri portrete. Primite se za sedeže, saj ko zumiramo njihove obraze, opazimo, da imajo isto široko čelo, vodoravne obrvi, dolg nos, ukrivljene ustnice in majhno dobro razvito brado.
I couldn't believe my eyes when I first saw that. There is no reason why these portraits should look alike. All we did was look for portraits that had the characteristics of a self-portrait, and look, they are very similar. Now, are they made in the right order? The young man should be made first. And as you see here from the years that they were created, it is indeed the case. They are made in the right order. What was the age of Leonardo at the time? Does that fit? Yes, it does. He was 33, 38 and 63 when these were made.
Ko sem to prvič opazil, nisem mogel verjeti svojim očem. Nobenega razloga ni, da bi si ti portreti morali biti podobni. Mi smo zgolj iskali portrete z značilnostmi avtoportreta in glejte, zelo so si podobni. Pa so narejeni v pravem časovnem zaporedju? Mladi moški bi moral biti narisan prvi. Kot vidite iz letnic, v katerih je bil ustvarjen, je temu res tako. Narisani so v pravem časovnem zaporedju. Koliko je bil v tistem času star Leonardo? Se to ujema? Se. Star je bil 33, 38 in 63 let, ko je ustvaril te tri portrete.
So we have three pictures, potentially of the same person of the same age as Leonardo at the time. But how do we know it's him, and not someone else? Well, we need a reference. And here's the only picture of Leonardo that's widely accepted. It's a statue made by Verrocchio, of David, for which Leonardo posed as a boy of 15. And if we now compare the face of the statue, with the face of the musician, you see the very same features again. The statue is the reference, and it connects the identity of Leonardo to those three faces.
Imamo torej 3 slike, na katerih je potencialno ista oseba in je stara enako kot Leonardo v tistem času. A kako vemo, da je to on in ne nekdo drug? Potrebujemo primerjavo. Tule vidite edino sliko Leonarda, ki je splošno priznana. Gre za kip Davida, ki ga je ustvaril Verrocchio, in za katerega je pri 15-ih poziral Leonardo. In če zdaj primerjamo obraz na kipu z obrazom glasbenika, spet vidimo, da gre za povsem iste poteze. Kip služi kot primerjava in povezuje identiteto Leonarda z našimi tremi obrazi.
Ladies and gentlemen, this story has not yet been published. It's only proper that you here at TED hear and see it first. The icon of icons finally has a face. Here he is: Leonardo da Vinci. (Applause)
Dame in gospodje, ta zgodba še ni bila objavljena. Edino primerno je, da jo ravno vi tu na dogodku TED slišite in vidite prvi. Ikona vseh ikon je končno dobila svoj obraz. In tule je: Leonardo da Vinci. (Aplavz)