I would like to share with you a new model of higher education, a model that, once expanded, can enhance the collective intelligence of millions of creative and motivated individuals that otherwise would be left behind. Look at the world. Pick a place and focus on it. You will find humans chasing higher education. Let's meet some of them.
Želeo bih da podelim sa vama novi model visokog obrazovanja, model koji će, kada se proširi moći da poboljša kolektivno znanje miliona kreativnih i motivisanih pojedinaca koji bi inače bili zapostavljeni. Pogledajte svet. Odaberite mesto i usredsredite se na njega. Videćete ljude koji jure za visokim obrazovanjem. Hajde da upoznamo neke od njih.
Patrick. Patrick was born in Liberia to a family of 20 children. During the civil war, he and his family were forced to flee to Nigeria. There, in spite of his situation, he graduated high school with nearly perfect grades. He wanted to continue to higher education, but due to his family living on the poverty line, he was soon sent to South Africa to work and send back money to feed his family. Patrick never gave up his dream of higher education. Late at night, after work, he surfed the net, looking for ways to study.
Patrik. Patrik je rođen u Liberiji u porodici sa dvadesetoro dece. Tokom građanskog rata, on i njegova porodica su bili primorani da pobegnu u Nigeriju. Uprkos svojoj situaciji, tamo je završio srednju školu sa skoro savršenim ocenama. Želeo je da nastavi do visokog obrazovanja, ali pošto je njegova porodica živela na granici siromaštva, ubrzo su ga poslali u Južnu Afriku da radi i šalje novac da prehrani svoju porodicu. Patrik nikada nije odustao od svog sna o visokom obrazovanju. Kasno u noć, nakon posla, pretraživao je internet i tražio načine da uči.
Meet Debbie. Debbie is from Florida. Her parents didn't go to college, and neither did any of her siblings. Debbie has worked all her life, pays taxes, supports herself month to month, proud of the American dream, a dream that just won't be complete without higher education. But Debbie doesn't have the savings for higher education. She can't pay the tuition. Neither could she leave work.
Upoznajte Debi. Debi je iz Floride. Njeni roditelji nisu išli na fakultet, kao ni njena braća i sestre. Debi je radila ceo život, plaća porez, izdržava se iz meseca u mesec, ponosna je na američki san, san koji jednostavno neće biti potpun bez visokog obrazovanja. Ali Debi nema ušteđevinu za visoko obrazovanje. Ne može da plaća školarinu. A ne može ni da napusti posao.
Meet Wael. Wael is from Syria. He's experiencing firsthand the misery, fear and failure imposed on his country. He's a big believer in education. He knew that if he could find an opportunity for higher education, an opportunity to get ahead of the rest, he has a better chance to survive in a world turned upside down.
Upoznajte Vaela. Vael je iz Sirije. Lično doživljava patnju, strah i propast koji su nametnuti njegovoj zemlji. Žestoki je vernik u obrazovanje. Znao je da kada bi pronašao priliku za visoko obrazovanje, priliku da se izdigne iznad drugih, da bi imao bolju priliku za opstanak
The higher education system
u svetu okrenutom naglavačke.
failed Patrick, Debbie and Wael, exactly as it is failing millions of potential students -- millions that graduate high school, millions that are qualified for higher education, millions that want to study yet cannot access it for various reasons. First: financial. Universities are expensive; we all know it. In large parts of the world, higher education is unattainable for an average citizen. This is probably the biggest problem facing our society. Higher education stopped being a right for all and became a privilege for the few.
Sistem visokog obrazovanja izdao je Patrika, Debi i Vaela, isto kao što izdaje milione potencijalnih studenata, milione koji završe samo srednju školu, milione koji su kvalifikovani za visoko obrazovanje, milione koji žele da uče ali nemaju pristup iz raznih razloga. Prvo, finansijski. Univerziteti su skupi. Svi to znamo. U velikom delu sveta, visoko obrazovanje je nedostižno za prosečnog građanina. Ovo je verovatno najveći problem sa kojim se suočava naše društvo. Visoko obrazovanje je prestalo da bude svačije pravo
Second: cultural. Students who are qualified for higher education can afford -- want to study -- cannot, because it is not decent, it is not a place for a woman. This is the story of countless women in Africa, for example, prevented from higher education because of cultural barriers. And here comes the third reason: UNESCO stated that in 2025, 100 million students will be deprived of higher education, simply because there will not be enough seats to accommodate them, to meet the demand. They will take a placement test, they will pass it, but they still won't have access, because there are no places available.
i postalo je privilegija nekolicine. Druga stvar je kulturalna. Učenici koji su kvalifikovani za visoko obrazovanje, koji žele da uče i mogu to da priušte, ne mogu to rade jer to nije pristojno, to nije mesto za ženu. Ovo je priča nebrojenih žena, na primer u Africi, gde im je sprečeno da se obrazuju zbog kulturalnih prepreka. Evo trećeg razloga: Unesko je izjavio da će 2025. 100 miliona studenata biti lišeno visokog obrazovanja jednostavno jer neće biti dovoljno mesta da ih primi, da zadovolji potražnju. Polagaće prijemni ispit, položiće ga, ali opet neće imati pristup
These are the reasons I founded University of the People,
jer neće biti slobodnih mesta.
a nonprofit, tuition-free, degree-granting university to give an alternative, to create an alternative, to those who have no other; an alternative that will be affordable and scalable, an alternative that will disrupt the current education system, and open the gates to higher education for every qualified student regardless of what they earn, where they live, or what society says about them. Patrick, Debbie and Wael are only three examples out of the 1,700 accepted students from 143 countries.
Ovo su razlozi zašto sam osnovao Univerzitet ljudi, neprofitni univerzitet bez školarine koji daje diplome, kako bih pružio alternativu, onima koji drugu nemaju, alternativu koja će biti pristupačna i skalabilna, alternativu koja će poremetiti trenutni sistem školstva, otvoriti vrata visokog obrazovanja svakom kvalifikovanom učeniku bez obzira na njihove prihode, mesto boravka ili šta društvo kaže o njima. Patrik, Debi i Vael su samo tri primera od 1700 prihvaćenih učenika iz 143 države.
(Applause) Thank you.
Mi - (Aplauz) - Hvala vam.
(Applause)
We didn't need to reinvent the wheel. We just looked at what wasn't working and used the amazing power of the Internet to get around it. We set out to build a model that will cut down almost entirely the cost of higher education. And that's how we did it. First, bricks and mortar cost money. Universities have expenses that virtual universities don't. We don't need to pass these expenses on to our students. They don't exist. We also don't need to worry about capacity. There are no limits of seats in virtual university. Actually, nobody needs to stand at the back of the lecture hall. Textbooks are also something our students don't need to buy. By using open educational resources and the generosity of professors who are putting their material up free and accessible, we don't need to send our students to buy textbooks. All of our materials come free.
Nismo morali da ponovo izmislimo točak. Samo smo pogledali šta ne funkcioniše i iskoristili neverovatnu moć interneta da to zaobiđemo. Krenuli smo da napravimo model koji bi skoro sasvim sasekao troškove visokog obrazovanja i tako smo to uradili. Prvo, cigle i malter koštaju. Univerziteti imaju troškove koje virtuelni univerziteti nemaju. Ne moramo da prosleđujemo ove troškove našim studentima. Oni ne postoje. Takođe ne moramo da brinemo o kapacitetu. Nema ograničenja sedišta na virtuelnom univerzitetu. Zapravo niko ne mora da stoji u pozadini učionice. Naši studenti takođe ne moraju da kupuju udžbenike. Koristeći otvorene obrazovne resurse i darežljivost profesora koji svoje materijale čine slobodnim i dostupnim, ne moramo da šaljemo svoje studente da kupuju udžbenike. Svi naši materijali su besplatni.
Even professors, the most expensive line in any university balance sheet, come free to our students. Over 3,000 of them, including presidents, vice chancellors, professors and academic advisers from top universities such as NYU, Yale, Berkeley and Oxford, came on board to help our students.
Čak i profesori, najskuplja stvar na bilansu svakog fakulteta, za naše studente su besplatni, njih preko 3000, uključujući predsednike, zamenike kancelara, profesore i akademske savetnike sa vrhunskih univerziteta poput Univerziteta u Njujorku, Jejlu, Berkliju i Oksfordu, pridružili su se da pomognu našim studentima.
Finally, is our belief in peer-to-peer learning. We use this sound pedagogical model to encourage our students from all over the world to interact and study together, and also to reduce the time our professors need to labor over class assignments.
Konačno, tu je naše verovanje u umreženo učenje. Koristimo ovaj logičan pedagoški model da ohrabrimo svoje učenike iz celog sveta da komuniciraju i uče zajedno i smanje vreme koje je našim profesorima potrebno za zadatke.
If the Internet has made us a global village, this model can develop its future leadership. Look how we do it. We only offer two programs: business administration and computer science, the two programs most in demand worldwide, the two programs that are likeliest to help our students find a job. When our students are accepted, they are placed in a small classroom of 20 to 30 students, to ensure that those who need personalized attention get it. Moreover, for every nine-week course, they meet a new peer, a whole new set of students from all over the world. Every week, when they go into the classroom, they find the lecture notes of the week, the reading assignment, the homework assignment, and the discussion question, which is the core of our studies. Every week, every student must contribute to the class discussion, and also must comment on the contribution of others. This way, we open our students' minds, we develop a positive shift in attitude toward different cultures. By the end of each week, the students take a quiz, hand in their homework, which are assessed by their peers under the supervision of the instructors, get a grade, move to the next week. By the end of the course, they take the final exam, get a grade, and follow to the next course.
Ako je internet od nas napravio globalno selo, ovaj model može da razvije njegovo buduće vođstvo. Pogledajte kako mi to radimo. Nudimo samo dva programa: poslovna administracija i informatika, dva programa koja se najviše traže u svetu, dva programa uz koje će naši studenti najverovatnije naći posao. Kada su naši studenti primljeni, smeštamo ih u malu učionicu sa 20 do 30 učenika kako bi se postarali da oni kojima je potrebna posebna pažnja nju i dobiju. Štaviše, za svaki kurs od devet nedelja, upoznaju novog kolegu, čitavu grupu novih učenika iz celog sveta. Svake nedelje, kada uđu u učionicu, pronaći će beleške za tu nedelju, zadatak za čitanje, domaći zadatak i pitanje za diskusiju, što je srž naših studija. Svake nedelje, svaki student mora da doprinese diskusiji u učionici i mora da ostavi komentar na doprinos drugih. Na ovaj način otvaramo umove naših studenata, razvijamo pozitivnu promenu stava ka različitim kulturama. Do kraja svake nedelje, studenti polažu test, predaju svoj domaći, koji pregledaju nijhove kolege pod nadzorom instruktora, dobijaju ocenu i prelaze na sledeću nedelju. Do kraja kursa, polažu finalni ispit, dobijaju ocenu i nastavljaju s drugim kursem.
We open the gates for higher education for every qualified student. Every student with a high school diploma, sufficient English and Internet connection can study with us. We don't use audio, we don't use video. Broadband is not necessary. Any student from any part of the world with any Internet connection can study with us. We are tuition free. All we ask our students to cover is the cost of their exams, 100 dollars per exam. A full-time bachelor's degree student taking 40 courses will pay 1,000 dollars a year, 4,000 dollars for the entire degree. And for those who cannot afford even this, we offer them a variety of scholarships. It is our mission that nobody will be left behind for financial reasons. With 5,000 students in 2016, this model is financially sustainable.
Otvorili smo vrata visokog obrazovanja za svakog kvalifikovanog studenta. Svaki učenik sa diplomom srednje škole, zadovoljavajućim engleskim i internet konekcijom može da uči kod nas. Ne koristimo video ili zvučne zapise. Nije potreban internet velike brzine. Svaki student iz bilo kog kraja sveta sa bilo kojom internet konekcijom može da uči kod nas. Kod nas nema školarine. Od naših studenata samo tražimo da plate troškove svojih ispita, 100 dolara po ispitu. Student osnovnih studija sa punim fondom koji ide na 40 kurseva platiće 1000 dolara godišnje, 4000 dolara za celu diplomu, a za one koji ne mogu da priušte ni ovo, nudimo im niz stipendija. Naša je misija da niko ne ostane zapostavljen iz finansijskih razloga. Sa 5000 studenata u 2016, ovaj model je finansijski održiv.
Five years ago, it was a vision. Today, it is a reality. Last month, we got the ultimate academic endorsement to our model. University of the People is now fully accredited.
Pre pet godina, to je bila vizija. Danas, to je stvarnost. Prošlog meseca, dobili smo najbolju akademsku potvrdu za svoj model. Univerzitet ljudi je sada potpuno akreditovan.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
Thank you.
Hvala vam.
(Applause)
With this accreditation, it's our time now to scale up. We have demonstrated that our model works. I invite universities and, even more important, developing countries' governments, to replicate this model to ensure that the gates of higher education will open widely. A new era is coming -- an era that will witness the disruption of the higher education model as we know it today, from being a privilege for the few to becoming a basic right, affordable and accessible for all.
Sa ovom akreditacijom, sada je naše vreme da krenemo naviše. Prikazali smo da ovaj model funkcioniše. Pozivam univerzitete, i što je bitnije, vlade zemalja u razvoju, da ponove ovaj model, da se postaraju da se vrata visokog obrazovanja široko otvore. Dolazi novo doba, doba gde će se videti remećenje modela visokog obrazovanja kakav postoji danas, od privilegije nekolicine do osnovnog prava, pristupačnog i dostupnog svima.
Thank you.
Hvala vam.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)