When I was a child, I always wanted to be a superhero. I wanted to save the world and make everyone happy. But I knew that I'd need superpowers to make my dreams come true. So I used to embark on these imaginary journeys to find intergalactic objects from planet Krypton, which was a lot of fun, but didn't yield much result. When I grew up and realized that science fiction was not a good source for superpowers, I decided instead to embark on a journey of real science, to find a more useful truth.
Bolaligimda doim superqahramon bo’lishni istardim. Dunyoni qutqarish va hammani baxtli qilishni xohlardim. Ammo orzularim ro’yobi uchun g’ayritabiiy kuch kerakligini bilardim. Kripton sayyorasidan intergalaktik obyektlarni topish uchun tasavvurimdagi sayohatlarga chiqardim, bu o’ta maroqli edi, ammo undan aytarli natija chiqmasdi. Voyaga yetib ilmiy-fantastika g’ayritabiiy kuchlarning yaxshi manbai emasligini anglaganimda, foydaliroq haqiqatni izlab topish uchun haqiqiy ilm-fan sayohatiga otlandim.
I started my journey in California, with a UC Berkeley 30-year longitudinal study that examined the photos of students in an old yearbook, and tried to measure their success and well-being throughout their life. By measuring the students' smiles, researchers were able to predict how fulfilling and long-lasting a subject's marriage would be,
Sayohatimni Kaliforniyadan UC Berkeleyning eski vinetkalardan talabalarning suratini ko'zdan kechirib, ularning umrlari davomida erishgan muvaffaqiyat va sog’lik darajasini o’lchashga uringan 30 yillik longityud tadqiqotidan boshladim. Talabalarning tabassumini o’lchash orqali tadqiqotchilar sinaluvchilarning oilaviy turmushi qanchalik muvaffaqiyatli va mustahkam bo’lishini
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
how well she would score on standardized tests of well-being, and how inspiring she would be to others. In another yearbook, I stumbled upon Barry Obama's picture. When I first saw his picture, I thought that his superpowers came from his super collar.
tibbiy ko’rik natijalarini va atrofdagi insonlarni qanchalik ilhomlantira olishini oldindan aytib bera olardilar. Boshqa bir vinetkada, Barak Obamaning suratiga ko’zim tushdi. Suratini ilk bor ko’rganimda, uning g’ayritabiiy kuchlari super yoqalarida deb o’yladim.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
But now I know it was all in his smile.
Biroq gap tabassumida ekanligini bildim.
Another aha! moment came from a 2010 Wayne State University research project that looked into pre-1950s baseball cards of Major League players. The researchers found that the span of a player's smile could actually predict the span of his life. Players who didn't smile in their pictures lived an average of only 72.9 years, where players with beaming smiles lived an average of almost 80 years.
Yana bir aha! 2010-yil Uoyne Davlat Universitetining 50-yillar Asosiy Liga o’yinchilari kartalarini ko'zdan kechirgan tadqiqot proyektida yuz berdi. Tadqiqotchilar o’yinchining jilmayish oralig'i uning umr ko’rish yoshi oralig’ini oldindan aytishi mumkinligini aniqladi. Suratlarida tabassum qilmagan o’yinchilar o’rtacha atigi 72,9 yil umr ko’rganlar. aksincha yuzida shodon tabassumi bo’lgan o’yinchilar o’rtacha 80 yil yashaganlar.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
The good news is that we're actually born smiling. Using 3D ultrasound technology, we can now see that developing babies appear to smile, even in the womb. When they're born, babies continue to smile -- initially, mostly in their sleep. And even blind babies smile to the sound of the human voice. Smiling is one of the most basic, biologically uniform expressions of all humans.
Yaxshi xabar shundaki, biz jilmayib dunyoga kelamiz. 3D Ultraovoz texnologiyasidan foydalanib, hozirda rivojlanayotgan bolaning hatto ona qornida jilmayib turganini kuzata olamiz. Ular dunyoga kelib ham jilmayishda davom etadilar-- dastavval, ko’pincha uyqusida. Va hattoki ojiz go’daklar ham inson tovushiga jilmayishadi. Tabassum barcha insonlarning eng sodda, biologik qaror topuvchi yuz ifodalaridan biri sanaladi.
In studies conducted in Papua New Guinea, Paul Ekman, the world's most renowned researcher on facial expressions, found that even members of the Fore tribe, who were completely disconnected from Western culture, and also known for their unusual cannibalism rituals,
Papua Yangi Gvineyada o’tkazilgan tadqiqotlarda, Paul Ekman, yuz ifodalarida sayyoramizning eng atoqli tadqiqotchisi hatto G’arb dunyosidan butunlay uzilib qolgan va yana noodatiy kannibalizm udumlariga amal qiluvchi For qabilasi ham
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
attributed smiles to descriptions of situations the same way you and I would. So from Papua New Guinea to Hollywood all the way to modern art in Beijing, we smile often, and use smiles to express joy and satisfaction.
bir xil vaziyatni xuddi siz va bizdek tabassumga yo’yganlar. Papua Yangi Gvineyadan tortib Gollivudgacha, Beijingdagi zamonaviy san’atga qadar, biz tez-tez jilmayamiz, va tabassum vositasida shodlik va mamnunlikni ifodalaymiz.
How many people here in this room smile more than 20 times per day? Raise your hand if you do. Oh, wow. Outside of this room, more than a third of us smile more than 20 times per day, whereas less than 14 percent of us smile less than five. In fact, those with the most amazing superpowers are actually children, who smile as many as 400 times per day.
Bu zaldagi insonlardan necha nafari kuniga 20 martadan ortiq jilmayadi? Shunday bo'lsa, qo'lingizni ko'taring. Voyvo. Bu zaldan tashqarida, uchdan birimizdan ko'prog’i kuniga 20 martadan ko’proq jilmayadi, va 14 foizimizdan kamrog’imiz 5 martadan kamroq tabassum qilamiz. Darhaqiqat, eng ajoyib g'ayritabiiy kuch sohiblari aslida kichkintoylar, ular kuniga 400 martadan ko’proq tabassum qiladilar.
Have you ever wondered why being around children, who smile so frequently, makes you smile very often? A recent study at Uppsala University in Sweden found that it's very difficult to frown when looking at someone who smiles. You ask why? Because smiling is evolutionarily contagious, and it suppresses the control we usually have on our facial muscles. Mimicking a smile and experiencing it physically helps us understand whether our smile is fake or real, so we can understand the emotional state of the smiler.
Hech e'tibor berganmisiz, nega yuzidan tabassum arimaydigan bolalar atrofida bo’lsangiz, yuzingizga tabassum yuguradi. Shvetsiyaning Upsala Universitetida o'tkazilgan so’nggi tadqiqot jilmayib turgan kishiga qovog’ uyish nihoyatda mushkulligini aniqladi. Nega deysizmi? Tabassum evolyutsion jihatdan yuqumli va u odatda yuzdagi boshqaruvchi mushaklar faoliyatini susaytiradi. Jilmayishga urinib ko’rish va uni tanada tuyish tabassumimiz sohta yoki samimiy ekanligini tushunishimizga va bu yordamida tabassum egasining hissiy holatini tushunishga yordam beradi.
In a recent mimicking study at the University of Clermont-Ferrand in France, subjects were asked to determine whether a smile was real or fake while holding a pencil in their mouth to repress smiling muscles. Without the pencil, subjects were excellent judges, but with the pencil in their mouth -- when they could not mimic the smile they saw -- their judgment was impaired.
Taqlid borasida Fransiyaning Klermont-Ferrand Universititetida yaqinda o’tkazilgan tadqiqot yuzdagi tabassumga javobgar yuz mushaklarini susaytirish maqsadida og’zida qalam tutib tabassum sohta yoki samimiy ekanligini aniqlash so’raldi Sinaluvchilar qalamsiz mukammal hakamlik qildilar, biroq og’zida qalam tutganlarida -- guvohi bo'lgan tabassumga taqlid qila olmaganlarida xulosalarida xatoliklar yuz bergan.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
In addition to theorizing on evolution in "The Origin of Species," Charles Darwin also wrote the facial feedback response theory. His theory states that the act of smiling itself actually makes us feel better, rather than smiling being merely a result of feeling good. In his study, Darwin actually cited a French neurologist, Guillaume Duchenne, who sent electric jolts to facial muscles to induce and stimulate smiles. Please, don't try this at home.
Charlz Darvin o’zining "Turlarning kelib chiqishi," asarida evolyutsion nazariya bilan birga qayta aloqa haqida ham yozib o'tgan. Uning nazariyasiga ko’ra, tabassum ijobiy hissiyotlarning natijasigina emas, tabassum qilishning o'zi ijobiy hissiyotlarni uyg'ota oladi. Darvin o’z tadqiqotida Fransuz nevrologi Giyom Dushenning yuziga tabassum yugurtirish va faollashtirish uchun elektr shoklarni yuborgan. Iltimos, buni uyda o’zingizda sinamang.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
In a related German study, researchers used fMRI imaging to measure brain activity before and after injecting Botox to suppress smiling muscles. The finding supported Darwin's theory, by showing that facial feedback modifies the neural processing of emotional content in the brain, in a way that helps us feel better when we smile. Smiling stimulates our brain reward mechanism in a way that even chocolate -- a well-regarded pleasure inducer -- cannot match.
Shunga aloqador nemis tadqiqotida, tadqiqotchilar yuzning jilmayishga javobgar mushaklarini falaj qilish uchun botoksdan oldin va undan so’ng miya faoliyatini o’lchashda MRTdan foydalandi. Natijalar Darvinning nazariyasini tasdiqladi, yuzdagi qayta aloqa jilmayganimizda miyadagi hissiyotlar holatini neyronlar aloqasini yaxshilash orqali jilmayganimizda iliq hislarni tuyishimizga ko’maklashadi. Tabassumning miyadagi rag’bat markaziga ta'sirini rohat hissini uyg’otuvchi vosita sifatida tanilgan shokoladga ham qiyoslab bo’lmaydi.
British researchers found that one smile can generate the same level of brain stimulation as up to 2,000 bars of chocolate.
Britaniyalik tadqiqotchilar bir tabassum 2000 ta shokolad qutisidagi shokoladlarni yeganingizdagi miya stimulini yarata olishini aniqladi.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
Wait -- The same study found that smiling is as stimulating as receiving up to 16,000 pounds sterling in cash.
Shoshmang -- Ayni shu tadqiqotda aytilishicha, tabassum qilish hisobingizga 16.000 funt sterling naqd pul qabul qilganingizda his etiladigan hissiyotni uyg'otadi.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
That's like 25 grand a smile. It's not bad. And think about it this way: 25,000 times 400 -- quite a few kids out there feel like Mark Zuckerberg every day.
Bu degani bir dona tabassum 25 funt. Chakki emas. Boshqacharoq o'ylab ko'ring: 400ni 25,000 martaga oshirsak -- anchagina bolalar o’zini har kuni Mark Zukerberg kabi his qilishyapti.
(Laughter)
(Kulgu)
And unlike lots of chocolate, lots of smiling can actually make you healthier. Smiling can help reduce the level of stress-enhancing hormones like cortisol, adrenaline and dopamine, increase the level of mood-enhancing hormones like endorphins, and reduce overall blood pressure.
Bir quloch shokoloddan farqli, bir quloch tabassum bilan sog’lomroq bo'lasiz. Jilmayish stressni faollashtiruvchi gormonlardan kortizol, adrenalin va dofaminni kamaytirib, kayfiyatni ko’taruvchi gormonlardan endorfinlarni oshiradi va umumiy qon bosimini tushiradi.
And if that's not enough, smiling can actually make you look good in the eyes of others. A recent study at Penn State University found that when you smile, you don't only appear to be more likable and courteous, but you actually appear to be more competent.
Bu ham yetarli bo'lmasa, tabassum boshqalar ko’z o’ngida sizni xushsurat ko’rsata oladi. Penn Davlat Universitetida yaqinda o’tkazilgan tadqiqotga ko'ra, jilmayganingizda siz yanada xushro’y va xushmuomala ko’rinibgina qolmaysiz, balki yanada tajribali qiyofada namoyon bo'lasiz.
So whenever you want to look great and competent, reduce your stress or improve your marriage, or feel as if you just had a whole stack of high-quality chocolate without incurring the caloric cost, or as if you found 25 grand in a pocket of an old jacket you hadn't worn for ages, or whenever you want to tap into a superpower that will help you and everyone around you live a longer, healthier, happier life, smile.
Qachon salobatli va tajribali ko’rinishni, stressni kamaytrish yoki oilaviy turmushingizni yaxshilash yoki yuqori sifatli, kaloriyasiz shokoladni yegandek his etishni yoki asrlardan buyon kiymagan kamzulingizdan 25 funt topib olgandek his qilishni yoki o'zingiz va atrofingizdagilarning uzoq, sog’lom va baxtliroq umr kechirishlariga ko’maklashuvchi g'ayritabiiy kuchingizdan foydalanmoqchi bo’lsangiz, tabassum qiling.
(Applause)
(Qarsaklar)