Your company launches a search for an open position. The applications start rolling in, and the qualified candidates are identified. Now the choosing begins. Person A: Ivy League, 4.0, flawless resume, great recommendations. All the right stuff. Person B: state school, fair amount of job hopping, and odd jobs like cashier and singing waitress. But remember -- both are qualified. So I ask you: who are you going to pick?
Syarikat anda mengeluarkan iklan jawatan kosong. Permohonan mula menderu masuk, calon berkelayakan dikenal pasti. Sekarang, pemilihan bermula. Calon A: Universiti Terbaik, 4.0, resume tiada cela, dan surat perakuan yang hebat. Semuanya elok. Calon B: kolej negeri, sering bertukar kerja, dan pekerjaan rencam seperti juruwang dan pelayan nyanyian Ingat -- keduanya berkelayakan. Saya mahu tanya: siapa yang anda pilih?
My colleagues and I created very official terms to describe two distinct categories of candidates. We call A "the Silver Spoon," the one who clearly had advantages and was destined for success. And we call B "the Scrapper," the one who had to fight against tremendous odds to get to the same point. You just heard a human resources director refer to people as Silver Spoons and Scrappers --
Saya dan rakan sekerja mewujudkan istilah rasmi bagi menggambarkan dua kategori berbeza calon-calon ini Kami gelar A "Si Dulang Emas," seseorang yang memperoleh kelebihan dan ditakdirkan untuk berjaya. Kami gelarkan B "Si Peninju," seseorang yang perlu berjuang menentang segala kemungkinan untuk sampai ke tempat yang sama. Anda baru sahaja mendengar pengarah sumber manusia menggelar orang Si Dulang Emas dan Si Peninju--
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
which is not exactly politically correct and sounds a bit judgmental. But before my human resources certification gets revoked --
yang bukanlah gelaran tepat dan seakan melabel seseorang. Namun sebelum lesen sumber manusia saya dibatalkan--
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
let me explain.
biar saya jelaskan.
A resume tells a story. And over the years, I've learned something about people whose experiences read like a patchwork quilt, that makes me stop and fully consider them before tossing their resumes away. A series of odd jobs may indicate inconsistency, lack of focus, unpredictability. Or it may signal a committed struggle against obstacles. At the very least, the Scrapper deserves an interview.
Sekeping resume menceritakan sesuatu. Setelah sekian lama, saya pelajari sesuatu tentang manusia yang pengalaman kerja ibarat selimut kain perca, yang buat saya berhenti dan pertimbangkan mereka sebelum melontar resume ke tepi. Pelbagai kerja rencam mungkin menunjukkan tidak konsisten, kurang fokus, dan sukar diramal. Atau ia bukti kegigihan menghadapi cabaran. Paling tidak pun, Si Peninju layak ditemuduga.
To be clear, I don't hold anything against the Silver Spoon; getting into and graduating from an elite university takes a lot of hard work and sacrifice. But if your whole life has been engineered toward success, how will you handle the tough times? One person I hired felt that because he attended an elite university, there were certain assignments that were beneath him, like temporarily doing manual labor to better understand an operation. Eventually, he quit. But on the flip side, what happens when your whole life is destined for failure and you actually succeed?
Ingin dijelaskan, Saya tidak berdendam terhadap Si Dulang Emas; melanjutkan dan tamat belajar dari universiti elit memerlukan kerja keras dan pengorbanan. Namun jika seluruh hidup anda direka untuk kejayaan, bagaimana anda menghadapi masa sukar? Seseorang yang saya lantik merasakan kerana dia graduan universiti elit, ada sesetengah tugasan tidak layak baginya, seperti melakukan kerja buruh untuk lebih faham kerja operasi. Akhirnya, dia letak jawatan. Sebaliknya, apa yang berlaku bila seluruh hidup anda ditakdirkan gagal tetapi anda berjaya?
I want to urge you to interview the Scrapper. I know a lot about this because I am a Scrapper. Before I was born, my father was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, and he couldn't hold a job in spite of his brilliance. Our lives were one part "Cuckoo's Nest," one part "Awakenings" and one part "A Beautiful Mind."
Saya ingin galakkan anda untuk menemuduga Si Peninju. Saya arif tentang ini kerana saya seorang Peninju. Sebelum saya dilahirkan, ayah saya didiagnosis penyakit skizofrenia paranoid, dan dia tidak boleh kekal bekerja walaupun dia bijak. Hidup kami separa cerita "Cuckoo's Nest," separa "Awakenings" dan separa "A Beautiful Mind."
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
I'm the fourth of five children raised by a single mother in a rough neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York. We never owned a home, a car, a washing machine, and for most of my childhood, we didn't even have a telephone. So I was highly motivated to understand the relationship between business success and Scrappers, because my life could easily have turned out very differently. As I met successful business people and read profiles of high-powered leaders, I noticed some commonality.
Saya anak keempat dari lima beradik dibesarkan oleh ibu tunggal dalam kejiranan tidak selamat di Brooklyn, New York. Kami tidak pernah memiliki rumah, kereta, mesin basuh dan selama zaman kanak-kanak saya, telefon pun kami tiada. Jadi saya sangat bersemangat untuk memahami kaitan antara kejayaan perniagaan dengan Si Peninju, kerana hidup saya amat mudah untuk menjadi sebaliknya. Setelah bertemu ramai usahawan berjaya dan membaca profil pemimpin berketerampilan, Saya melihat beberapa persamaan.
Many of them had experienced early hardships, anywhere from poverty, abandonment, death of a parent while young, to learning disabilities, alcoholism and violence. The conventional thinking has been that trauma leads to distress, and there's been a lot of focus on the resulting dysfunction. But during studies of dysfunction, data revealed an unexpected insight: that even the worst circumstances can result in growth and transformation. A remarkable and counterintuitive phenomenon has been discovered, which scientists call Post Traumatic Growth.
Kebanyakkan mereka melalui zaman sukar pada awalnya, baik dari kemiskinan, ditinggalkan, kematian ibu bapa semasa kecil, masalah pembelajaran, ketagihan arak dan keganasan. Menurut pandangan biasa, trauma membawa kepada tekanan, dan terlalu banyak fokus terhadap kesan kegagalan fungsi. Namun kajian tentang kegagalan fungsi, data menunjukkan hasil luar jangka; iaitu keadaaan paling teruk boleh menyebabkan perkembangan dan perubahan. Fenomena yang hebat dan bertentangan telah ditemui, yang dipanggil saintis sebagai Perkembangan Pasca Trauma.
In one study designed to measure the effects of adversity on children at risk, among a subset of 698 children who experienced the most severe and extreme conditions, fully one-third grew up to lead healthy, successful and productive lives. In spite of everything and against tremendous odds, they succeeded. One-third.
Dalam satu kajian untuk mengukur kesan kesukaran pada kanak-kanak berisiko, dalam kalangan subset 698 kanak-kanak yang mengalami keadaan paling teruk dan melampau, satu pertiga membesar dengan hidup yang sihat, berjaya dan produktif. Atas segala yang berlaku dan di sebalik segala kemungkinan, mereka berjaya. Satu pertiga.
Take this resume. This guy's parents give him up for adoption. He never finishes college. He job-hops quite a bit, goes on a sojourn to India for a year, and to top it off, he has dyslexia. Would you hire this guy? His name is Steve Jobs.
Lihat resume ini. Ibu bapa lelaki ini menyerahkannya untuk jadi anak angkat. Dia gagal menamatkan pelajarannya. Dia kerap bertukar pekerjaan, pergi mengembara ke India selama setahun, dan tambahan pula menghidap disleksia. Siapa mahu mengambilnya kerja? Nama beliau Steve Jobs.
In a study of the world's most highly successful entrepreneurs, it turns out a disproportionate number have dyslexia. In the US, 35 percent of the entrepreneurs studied had dyslexia. What's remarkable -- among those entrepreneurs who experience post traumatic growth, they now view their learning disability as a desirable difficulty which provided them an advantage because they became better listeners and paid greater attention to detail. They don't think they are who they are in spite of adversity, they know they are who they are because of adversity. They embrace their trauma and hardships as key elements of who they've become, and know that without those experiences, they might not have developed the muscle and grit required to become successful.
Dalam kajian tentang usahawan paling berjaya di dunia, didapati sebahagian mereka menghidap disleksia. Di Amerika Syarikat, 35 peratus usahawan yang dikaji menghidap disleksia. Perkara yang menakjubkan-- dalam kalangan usahawan ini yang mengalami perkembangan pasca trauma, melihat masalah pembelajaran mereka sebagai kesukaran yang diingini yang memberi mereka kelebihan kerana mereka menjadi pendengar lebih baik dan lebih teliti tentang sesuatu hal. Mereka tidak fikir diri mereka begitu meskipun menghadapi kesukaran, mereka tahu mereka begitu kerana menghadapi kesukaran. Mereka menerima trauma dan kesukaran sebagai elemen utama jati diri mereka, dan akur tanpa pengalaman tersebut, mereka mungkin tidak membentuk kekuatan dan kesungguhan diperlukan untuk berjaya.
One of my colleagues had his life completely upended as a result of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966. At age 13, his parents were relocated to the countryside, the schools were closed and he was left alone in Beijing to fend for himself until 16, when he got a job in a clothing factory. But instead of accepting his fate, he made a resolution that he would continue his formal education. Eleven years later, when the political landscape changed, he heard about a highly selective university admissions test. He had three months to learn the entire curriculum of middle and high school. So, every day he came home from the factory, took a nap, studied until 4am, went back to work and repeated this cycle every day for three months. He did it, he succeeded. His commitment to his education was unwavering, and he never lost hope. Today, he holds a master's degree, and his daughters each have degrees from Cornell and Harvard.
Salah seorang rakan sekerja saya melalui hidup terumbang ambing akibat Revolusi Kebudayaan China pada tahun 1966. Pada umur 13, ibu bapanya berpindah ke kawasan luar bandar, sekolah ditutup dia tinggal bersendirian di Beijing untuk sara dirinya hingga umur 16 tahun, ketika dia mendapat kerja di kilang pakaian. Daripada menerima takdirnya, dia bertekad meneruskan pengajiannya. Sebelas tahun kemudian, ketika suasana politik berubah, dia dengar tentang ujian kemasukan universiti terpilih. Dia ada tiga bulan untuk belajar keseluruhan kurikulum sekolah peralihan dan menengah. Setiap hari dia pulang ke rumah dari kilang, tidur sebentar, belajar hingga 4 pagi, kembali bekerja dan ulang kitaran ini setiap hari selama tiga bulan. Dia dapat lakukan, dia berjaya. Komitmennya terhadap pendidikan tidak goyah dan dia tidak putus harap. Hari ini, dia pemegang ijazah sarjana, dan anak perempuannya masing-masing berijazah dari Cornell dan Harvard
Scrappers are propelled by the belief that the only person you have full control over is yourself. When things don't turn out well, Scrappers ask, "What can I do differently to create a better result?" Scrappers have a sense of purpose that prevents them from giving up on themselves, kind of like if you've survived poverty, a crazy father and several muggings, you figure, "Business challenges? --
Si Peninju maju dengan kepercayaan orang yang anda ada kawalan penuh adalah diri sendiri. Bila terjadi perkara tidak diingini, Si Peninju bertanya, "Apa yang boleh saya lakukan untuk hasil lebih baik?" Si Peninju mempunyai hala tujuan yang mencegah diri dari berputus asa, seperti jika anda bebas kemiskinan, ayah yang gila dan disamun berkali-kali, anda fikir, "Cabaran perniagaan? --
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
Really? Piece of cake. I got this."
Betulkah? "Senang sahaja. Saya boleh uruskan."
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
And that reminds me -- humor. Scrappers know that humor gets you through the tough times, and laughter helps you change your perspective.
Ia mengingatkan saya -- jenaka. Si Peninju tahu jenaka membantu hadapi masa sukar, dan ketawa membantu anda ubah pandangan anda.
And finally, there are relationships. People who overcome adversity don't do it alone. Somewhere along the way, they find people who bring out the best in them and who are invested in their success. Having someone you can count on no matter what is essential to overcoming adversity. I was lucky. In my first job after college, I didn't have a car, so I carpooled across two bridges with a woman who was the president's assistant. She watched me work and encouraged me to focus on my future and not dwell on my past. Along the way I've met many people who've provided me brutally honest feedback, advice and mentorship. These people don't mind that I once worked as a singing waitress to help pay for college.
Akhir sekali, perhubungan. Seseorang yang menangani kesukaran tidak menghadapinya bersendirian. Dalam perjalanan, mereka temui individu yang cungkil perkara terbaik dalam diri mereka dan melabur untuk kejayaan mereka. Seseorang yang anda bergantung harap walau apa terjadi amat penting untuk menangani kesukaran. Saya bernasib baik. Kerja pertama saya selepas kolej, Saya tidak ada kereta, saya tumpang kereta rentas dua jambatan bersama seorang wanita yang merupakan pembantu presiden. Beliau melihat saya bekerja dan menggalakkan saya fokus kepada masa depan dan jangan teringat kisah silam. Sepanjang kerjaya, saya jumpa ramai orang yang memberi maklum balas menyakitkan tetapi jujur, nasihat dan bimbingan. Mereka tidak kisah dulu saya bekerja sebagai pelayan menyanyi untuk tampung biaya kolej.
(Laughter)
(Ketawa)
I'll leave you with one final, valuable insight. Companies that are committed to diversity and inclusive practices tend to support Scrappers and outperform their peers. According to DiversityInc, a study of their top 50 companies for diversity outperformed the S&P 500 by 25 percent.
Saya tinggalkan anda dengan satu pandangan bernilai. Syarikat yang komited terhadap kepelbagaian dan amalan bermasyarakat biasanya menyokong Si Peninju dan mengatasi pesaing mereka. Menurut DiversityInc, kajian terhadap 50 syarikat teratas mereka tentang kepelbagaian mengatasi S&P 500 sebanyak 25 peratus.
So back to my original question. Who are you going to bet on: Silver Spoon or Scrapper? I say choose the underestimated contender, whose secret weapons are passion and purpose.
Kembali kepada soalan asal saya. Siapakah yang anda mahu pertaruhkan: Si Dulang Emas atau Si Peninju? Jawapan saya pilih pesaing yang dipandang rendah, yang senjata rahsianya adalah minat dan tujuan.
Hire the Scrapper.
Pilih Si Peninju.
(Applause)
(Tepuk tangan)