There's something that I'd like you to see.
Waxaa jira wax aan rabo inaad aragtaan.
(Video) Reporter: It's a story that's deeply unsettled millions in China: footage of a two-year-old girl hit by a van and left bleeding in the street by passersby, footage too graphic to be shown. The entire accident is caught on camera. The driver pauses after hitting the child, his back wheels seen resting on her for over a second. Within two minutes, three people pass two-year-old Wang Yue by. The first walks around the badly injured toddler completely. Others look at her before moving off.
(Fiidyow) Weriye: waa sheeko si qoto dheer u arbushtay malaayiin Shiine ah: muuqaalka inan yar oo labo jir ah waxa jiidhay gaadhi kadibna ka tegay iyadoo dhiigaysa wado la maro muuqaalku aad ayay u adagtay in la muujiyo. dhacdada gebi ahaanteedba waxa qabatay kamara. Derewalku wuu istaagay ka dib markuu jiidhay cunuga, waxaa la arkayey taayirkiisa oo ku taagan cunugta ilbidhiqsiyo. laba daqiiqo gudahood, sadex qof ayaa dhaafay cunugta laba jirka ah Wang Yue. Ka ugu horeeyaa wuxuu gebi ahaanba iska ag maray cunugta dhaawacan. kuwa kale waxay eegeen iyada intaysan joogsan.
Peter Singer: There were other people who walked past Wang Yue, and a second van ran over her legs before a street cleaner raised the alarm. She was rushed to hospital, but it was too late. She died.
Peter Singer: waxaa jiray dad kale oo ag marayeyey Wang Yue, iyo gaadhi labaad oo cagaheeda dul maray ka hor intaan qof wadooyinka nadiifiyaa uusan ridin jeliska waxaa loola cararay cusbitaalka, laakiin xili aad u danbaysay ayay ahayd. way dhimatay.
I wonder how many of you, looking at that, said to yourselves just now, "I would not have done that. I would have stopped to help." Raise your hands if that thought occurred to you.
Waxaan jeclaan lahaa intiina idinka mida, ee eegaysay taas ee nafohooda ku tidhi iminka, "taas maan sameeyeen waan joogsan lahaa si aan u caawiyo." Gacmihiina taaga intiina taasi ku soo dhacday.
As I thought, that's most of you. And I believe you. I'm sure you're right. But before you give yourself too much credit, look at this. UNICEF reports that in 2011, 6.9 million children under five died from preventable, poverty-related diseases. UNICEF thinks that that's good news because the figure has been steadily coming down from 12 million in 1990. That is good. But still, 6.9 million is 19,000 children dying every day. Does it really matter that we're not walking past them in the street? Does it really matter that they're far away? I don't think it does make a morally relevant difference. The fact that they're not right in front of us, the fact, of course, that they're of a different nationality or race, none of that seems morally relevant to me. What is really important is, can we reduce that death toll? Can we save some of those 19,000 children dying every day?
Saan filayey, waa intiina bada. waanan aaminsanahay, waan hubaa inaad saxantihiin. laakiin intaydaan wax badan u nafihiina u ku qancin, tan eega. UNICEF warbixin ay soo saartay 2011, 6.9 milyan oo caruurta da'doodu ka yartahay shan ayaa u dhintay xanuuno laga hortegi karo, xanuuno ay keenaan faqrigu. UNICEF waxay ku fekeraysaa in tani tahay war wanaagsan sababtoo ah tiradu aad ayay hoos ugu soo dhacday waxay ahayd 12 milyan sanadii 1990kii. taas waa war wanaagsan. laakiin ilaa hada, 6.9 milyan waa 19,000 oo caruura ayaa maalin walba dhinta. miyaan tan dhab ahaantii saamayn lahayn inagoo marayna istaraytkii aan soo dhaafnay? miyay dhabtii saamayn leedahay inay inaga fog yihiin? ma filayo, waxay saamayn kala duwanaansho ku leedahay damiirka xaqiiqdii ma joogaan horteena, laakiin dhabtii, dabcan, waxay aad ugu kala duwanyihiin qoomiyadaha ama jinsiyadaha, midkoodna aniga iilama muuqdo inuu ila taxaluqo waxaa dhab ahaantii muhiimka ahi waxay tahay, inaad hoos u dhigi karto tirada dhimashada? inagu ma badbaadin karnaa qaar ka mida caruurtaas 19,000 ah ee maalin kasta dhimanaysa?
And the answer is, yes we can. Each of us spends money on things that we do not really need. You can think what your own habit is, whether it's a new car, a vacation or just something like buying bottled water when the water that comes out of the tap is perfectly safe to drink. You could take the money you're spending on those unnecessary things and give it to this organization, the Against Malaria Foundation, which would take the money you had given and use it to buy nets like this one to protect children like this one, and we know reliably that if we provide nets, they're used, and they reduce the number of children dying from malaria, just one of the many preventable diseases that are responsible for some of those 19,000 children dying every day.
jawaabtu waxay tahay, haa waan awoodnaa. midkastoo inaga mida wuxuu ku kharash gareeyaa lacag waxyaabo aynaan runtii u baahnayn. waxaad ka fekertaa waxaa kuu dhaqan ah, haday ahaan lahayd gaadhi cusub, dalxiis ama waxyaabo kale sida inaad iibsato caagad biyo ah iyadoo biyaha qaabada ka imanaya ay ilaa xad u caafimaad wanaagsanyihiin cabitaanka waxaan u qaadi kartaa lacagta aad kharash garaynayso waxyaabahaas aadan u baahnayn inaad siiso ururkan, ururka Against Malaria Foundation, kaas oo qaadi doona lacagta aad siisay una isticmaali doona maro-kaneeyoinka sida tan si ay u ilaaliso caruuta sida kan oo kale, waxaan ognahay runtii hadaynu siiyo maro-kaneecooyinkaas, way isticmaalyaa, waxayna yaraynaysaa tirada dhimashada u dhimanaysa kaneecada, waa mid ka mida cudurada laga hor tegi karo ee galaafta in ka badan 19,000 caruura inay dhintaan maalin walba.
Fortunately, more and more people are understanding this idea, and the result is a growing movement: effective altruism. It's important because it combines both the heart and the head. The heart, of course, you felt. You felt the empathy for that child. But it's really important to use the head as well to make sure that what you do is effective and well-directed, and not only that, but also I think reason helps us to understand that other people, wherever they are, are like us, that they can suffer as we can, that parents grieve for the deaths of their children, as we do, and that just as our lives and our well-being matter to us, it matters just as much to all of these people. So I think reason is not just some neutral tool to help you get whatever you want. It does help us to put perspective on our situation. And I think that's why many of the most significant people in effective altruism have been people who have had backgrounds in philosophy or economics or math. And that might seem surprising, because a lot of people think, "Philosophy is remote from the real world; economics, we're told, just makes us more selfish, and we know that math is for nerds." But in fact it does make a difference, and in fact there's one particular nerd who has been a particularly effective altruist because he got this.
nasiib daro, dab badan oo badan ayaa fahmaya fikradan, maxsuulkuna kacdoon koroya: deeqsinimo waxtar leh waa muhiim sababtoo ah waxay isku xidhaa qalbiga iyo maanka niyada, dabcan waad ka dareemi. waxaad dareentay u calool boholyowga cunugaas laakiin runtii waa muhiim inaan isticmaalno maanka sidoo kale si aan hubaal uga dhigno waxaad samaysid inay tayo leeyihiin yihiina mid la agaasimay taasoo qudha maah, waxaanse ka fekeraa caqliyada na caawinaysa inaan fahano in dadka kale, meel kasta ay joogaanba, ay yihiin inaga oo kale, ay u dhibtoodaan sideena oo kale, in ay u murugada waalidka caruurtoodu dhimatay, sida inaga oo kale, iyo sida nafaheeda iyo wanaageenuba inoo saameeyaan. ayay u saamaysaa sida dadkaas intooda bada. hadaba waxaan ka fekeray caqliyad maaha oo qudha mid dhexdhexaada oo kaa caawinaysa wax kastood doonaysid. waxay inaga caawinaysaa inaan aragtideena ku qotomino xaaladeena waxaana ka fekeray taas sababteeda dad badan oo intooda badan yihiin deeqsiyiin tayo badan waxay ahaayeed dad ka soo jeeda filsafadaha dhaqaalaha ama xisaabta taasoo u muuqan kartan mid lala yaabo maxaa yeelay dad badan ayaa ku fekera, "falsafadu inay tahay mid ka baxsan dunida dhabta ah: dhaqaalaha, waxaa la noo sheegay, inuu kaa dhigo mid kibir badan, waxaynuna ognahay in xisaabtu tahay mid aan xiiso badnayn oo danbaysa laakiin xaqiiqdii waxay samaysaa kala duwanaansho, xaqiiqdii waxaa jirta hal arin oon ku cajab gelinayn taasoo ahayd arin keensatay deeqsinimada tayada leh sababtoo ah tan ayuu helay
This is the website of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and if you look at the words on the top right-hand side, it says, "All lives have equal value." That's the understanding, the rational understanding of our situation in the world that has led to these people being the most effective altruists in history, Bill and Melinda Gates and Warren Buffett.
kan waa websaydka Bill iyo Mellinda Gates oo hadaad eegto kelmada xaga sare ee midig ku qoran waxay leedahay "noolaha oo dhami waa isku qiime." taas waa fahaamka, fahamka caadiga ee xaaladeena aduunka taasoo sabab u noqotay dadkaas inay noqday kuwa ugu deeqsisan taariikhda, Bill iyo Melinda Gates iyo Warren Buffett.
(Applause)
(Applause)
No one, not Andrew Carnegie, not John D. Rockefeller, has ever given as much to charity as each one of these three, and they have used their intelligence to make sure that it is highly effective. According to one estimate, the Gates Foundation has already saved 5.8 million lives and many millions more, people, getting diseases that would have made them very sick, even if eventually they survived. Over the coming years, undoubtably the Gates Foundation is going to give a lot more, is going to save a lot more lives. Well, you might say, that's fine if you're a billionaire, you can have that kind of impact. But if I'm not, what can I do? So I'm going to look at four questions that people ask that maybe stand in the way of them giving.
Midkoodna, Adrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, weligood may siinin sadaqadan oo kale sida mid ka mida sadexdaa, waxayna u isticmaaleen garaadkooda ina ka dhigaan inay si dhaba u tarto. Marka la eego qiyaas, Gates Foundation wuxuu durba badbaadiyey nolosha 5.8 milyan malaayiin kale, dad ah, ayaa cuduro helayaan taasoo ka dhigaysaan inay aad u xanuunsadaa, xitaa hadii mark danbe ay badbaadaan sanadada soo socda, waxaan shaki ku jirin in Gates Foundation inuu siin doono in kaloo badan, si uu u badbaadiyo nofo aad u badan. Hagaag. waxaa laga yaabaa inaad tiraahdo, taasi way fiicantahay hadaad tahay bilyaneer, saamayntaasoo kale ayaad lahaan kartaa. laakiin hadaanan ahayn, maxaan samayn karaa? markaa waxaan eegayaa afar suaalood oo dadku is waydiiyaan taasoo laga yaabo inay ugu taagnaato habkay u bixin lahaayeen.
They worry how much of a difference they can make. But you don't have to be a billionaire. This is Toby Ord. He's a research fellow in philosophy at the University of Oxford. He became an effective altruist when he calculated that with the money that he was likely to earn throughout his career, an academic career, he could give enough to cure 80,000 people of blindness in developing countries and still have enough left for a perfectly adequate standard of living. So Toby founded an organization called Giving What We Can to spread this information, to unite people who want to share some of their income, and to ask people to pledge to give 10 percent of what they earn over their lifetime to fighting global poverty. Toby himself does better than that. He's pledged to live on 18,000 pounds a year -- that's less than 30,000 dollars -- and to give the rest to those organizations. And yes, Toby is married and he does have a mortgage.
waxay ka werweraan xajmiga isbedel ayay samay karayaan. laakiin maaha inaad ahaatid bilyaneer. Kan waa Toby Ord. Waa cilmi baadhe filsafadeed ka ah jaamacada Oxford. wuxuu noqday deeqsi tayo leh markuu xisaabtamay lacagta ay tahay inuu ka helo shaqadiisa, shaqada climi-aqooneed, wuxuu ku dawayn karaa in ku filan 80,000 oo dad indho la' oo ah wadamada soo koraya ee ay wax badani u dhimanyihiin si ay u gaadhaan nolol ilaa xad gaadhsan qaab nololeed ku filan. Tody wuxuu hadaba assaasay urur la yidhaahdo Giving What We Can si uu u fidiyo warbixinta, uuna u mideeyo dadka doonaya inay wadaagaan qaar ka mida dakhligooda uuna u waydiiyo dadku inay u bixiyaan qaadhaan 10 boqolkiiba dakhliga soo gala noloshooda oo dhan si loola dagaalamo fakhriga Toby laftirkiisu si fiican buu taas ka yeelay. Wuxuu dalbay qaadhaan gaadhaya 18,000 oo ginin sanad -- taasi waxay ka yartahay 30,000 oo dollar-- wuxuuna siiyey intii kale ururadaas kale. haa, Toby waa xaas wuxuuna bangiga kaga jiraa guri dayntiis
This is a couple at a later stage of life, Charlie Bresler and Diana Schott, who, when they were young, when they met, were activists against the Vietnam War, fought for social justice, and then moved into careers, as most people do, didn't really do anything very active about those values, although they didn't abandon them. And then, as they got to the age at which many people start to think of retirement, they returned to them, and they've decided to cut back on their spending, to live modestly, and to give both money and time to helping to fight global poverty.
kuwan waa labaamo noloshoodu dabayaaqo tahay, Charlie Bresler and Diana Schott, kuwaasoo kulmay markay dhalinyaro ahaayee, markay kulmeen waxay ahaayeen aktifiis ka so hor jeeda dagaalkii Vietnam, u dagaalamay cadaalada bulshada, ka dibna u wareegay shaqo, sida dad badani sameeyaan, aanay runtii waxbadan uga qaban qiimaheeda, inkastoo aysan ka tegin iyagu ka dibna, markay gaadheen da'dii dadka inta badani bilaabaan inay ka fekeraan hawl-gabka, ayay ku laabteen, waxayna go'aansadeen inay jaraan kharashka ku baxa una noolaadeen si caadi ah, waxayna siiyeen lacagtoodi iyo wakhtigoodiba si ay ugu caawiyaan inay kula dagaalamaan faqriga.
Now, mentioning time might lead you to think, "Well, should I abandon my career and put all of my time into saving some of these 19,000 lives that are lost every day?" One person who's thought quite a bit about this issue of how you can have a career that will have the biggest impact for good in the world is Will Crouch. He's a graduate student in philosophy, and he's set up a website called 80,000 Hours, the number of hours he estimates most people spend on their career, to advise people on how to have the best, most effective career. But you might be surprised to know that one of the careers that he encourages people to consider, if they have the right abilities and character, is to go into banking or finance. Why? Because if you earn a lot of money, you can give away a lot of money, and if you're successful in that career, you could give enough to an aid organization so that it could employ, let's say, five aid workers in developing countries, and each one of them would probably do about as much good as you would have done. So you can quintuple the impact by leading that kind of career. Here's one young man who's taken this advice. His name is Matt Weiger. He was a student at Princeton in philosophy and math, actually won the prize for the best undergraduate philosophy thesis last year when he graduated. But he's gone into finance in New York. He's already earning enough so that he's giving a six-figure sum to effective charities and still leaving himself with enough to live on. Matt has also helped me to set up an organization that I'm working with that has the name taken from the title of a book I wrote, "The Life You Can Save," which is trying to change our culture so that more people think that if we're going to live an ethical life, it's not enough just to follow the thou-shalt-nots and not cheat, steal, maim, kill, but that if we have enough, we have to share some of that with people who have so little. And the organization draws together people of different generations, like Holly Morgan, who's an undergraduate, who's pledged to give 10 percent of the little amount that she has, and on the right, Ada Wan, who has worked directly for the poor, but has now gone to Yale to do an MBA to have more to give.
iminka, wakhtiganaan sheegayo waxa laga yaabaa inuu kuu horseedo inaad fekerto, "hagaag, miyey tahay inaan ka tago shaqadadyda oo aan geliyo wakhtigayga si aan u badbaadiyo nafahaas 19,000 ah ee maalin walba la waayayo?"` hal shakhsi oo ka fekeray arintan hal cabaara sidaad u heli lahayd sahqo kuu lahaan karta saamaynta ugu wayn ee u wanaagsan adduunkan waa Will Crouch. waa arday ka qalin jebiyey filsafada, wuxuuna aasaasay website layidhaahdo 80,000 hours, tirada saacadha uu qiyaasay dadka intooda badan waxay ku bixiyaan sahqadooda, si uu ula taliyo dadka sida ugu wacan yeelan lahaayeen shaqada ugu tayada badan. waxaa laga yaabaa inaad la yaabto inaad ogaato mid ka mida shaqooyinka uu dadka ku dhiiri geliyo inay tixgeliyaan, haday leeyihiih tayooyinka ku haboon iyo adaabka, inay tagaan bangiyada iyo dhaqaalaha. sabab? maxaa yeelay hadaad hesho lacag badan, waxaad bixin kartaa lacag badan, hadaad ku guulaysato shaqadaad, waxaad siin kartaa in ku filan hayadaha gargaarka markaa waxay shaqaalayn kartaa, aan nidhaahno shan qof oo shaqaale gargaar ah oo ah wadamada soo koraya, mid kastoo ka mid ahina wuxuu runtii samayn karaa wanaag ka badan intaad samayn kari lahayd. markaa saamayntaasi waa shan meelood ay kugu hogaaminayso shaqadaasi. Halkan waxaa jira nin dhalinyaro ah oo qaatay taladaas. Magaciisu waa Matt Weiger. wuxuu ahaa arday filsafada iyo xisaabta ka barta jaamacada Princeton, wuxuu runtii ku guulaystay abaalmarinta buuga jaamacadeedka uu ka qoray filsafada sanadkii la soo dhaafay markuu qalin jebiyey. wuxuu shaqo dhaqaalaha ka helay New York. wuxuu durba helaa in ku filan wuxuu siinayaa lacag lix xaradh dhan ururada deeqaha wuxuuna weli helaa lacag ku filn oo uu ku noolaado. Matt wuxuu sidoo kale iga caawiyey inaan sameeyo urur kaas oon ka shaqaynayo lehna magaca aan ka soo qaatay ciwaanka buug aan qoray, "Nolosha aad badbaadin kartied," kaasoo isku dayaya inuu bedelo dhaqankeena markaa dad badan waxay ka fekeraan in haday tahay inay ku noolaano nolol akhlaaqiyaad leh, ma ku filna inaan raacno iska nolosha dahsoon inaynaan khiyaamin, dhaawicin, dilin laakiin hadaan haysano in nagu filan, waa inaan bixinaa in ka mida dadka haysta inta yar iyo ururadka isu keena dadka kala faca a, sida Holly Morgan, oo ah arday aan dhamayn jaamacada, oo dalabtay inay bixiso 10 boqolkiiba lacagta yar ee ay haysato, iyo midigta, Ada Wan, kaasoo si toosa ugu shaqeeyey faqiirk, laakiin iminka ka wada jaamacad aYale Mastar digriigiisa si uu u helo in ka badan uu bixiyo'
Many people will think, though, that charities aren't really all that effective. So let's talk about effectiveness. Toby Ord is very concerned about this, and he's calculated that some charities are hundreds or even thousands of times more effective than others, so it's very important to find the effective ones. Take, for example, providing a guide dog for a blind person. That's a good thing to do, right? Well, right, it is a good thing to do, but you have to think what else you could do with the resources. It costs about 40,000 dollars to train a guide dog and train the recipient so that the guide dog can be an effective help to a blind person. It costs somewhere between 20 and 50 dollars to cure a blind person in a developing country if they have trachoma. So you do the sums, and you get something like that. You could provide one guide dog for one blind American, or you could cure between 400 and 2,000 people of blindness. I think it's clear what's the better thing to do. But if you want to look for effective charities, this is a good website to go to. GiveWell exists to really assess the impact of charities, not just whether they're well-run, and it's screened hundreds of charities and currently is recommending only three, of which the Against Malaria Foundation is number one. So it's very tough. If you want to look for other recommendations, thelifeyoucansave.com and Giving What We Can both have a somewhat broader list, but you can find effective organizations, and not just in the area of saving lives from the poor. I'm pleased to say that there is now also a website looking at effective animal organizations. That's another cause that I've been concerned about all my life, the immense amount of suffering that humans inflict on literally tens of billions of animals every year. So if you want to look for effective organizations to reduce that suffering, you can go to Effective Animal Activism. And some effective altruists think it's very important to make sure that our species survives at all. So they're looking at ways to reduce the risk of extinction. Here's one risk of extinction that we all became aware of recently, when an asteroid passed close to our planet. Possibly research could help us not only to predict the path of asteroids that might collide with us, but actually to deflect them. So some people think that would be a good thing to give to. There's many possibilities.
dad badan ayaa ka fekeri doona, fekeray, in sadaqadu ayaysan saas runtii u saamayn badnayn. balaan ka hadalno, tayaday leeyihiin. Toby ORd wuxuu aad ugu taxaluqaa tan, wuxuu xisaabiyey kuwo ka mida ururuda sadaqada ilaa boqolaal, xitaa kumanaan goor ay ka tayo badan yihiin kuwa kale, makra waa muhiim in la helo kuwo tayo leh. u soo qaado tusaale, in ey uu hago qof indho la' waa mid wanaagsan inuu sameey, sax? hagaag, sax, waa mid saxa in la sameeyo, laakiin waa inaad ku fikirtaa waxa kale eed ku samayn kari lahayd khayraadka waxay ku kacaysaa ilaa 40,000 inaad ku tabo barto ey iyo inaad tabobarto isaga si agyu u hagidiisu u noqon karto mid caawimo tayo leh u fidin karta qofka indhaha la' waxay ku kacdaa in lagu daweeyo inta u dhexaysa 20 ilaa 50 dollar in lagu daweeyo qof indha la' wadamada horumaray haday ku dhacdo tarajooma markaa waad isu gayn kartaa, waxaadna heli kartaa wax lamida taas waxaad u fidn kari lahayd ey haga ah qof maraykan ah oo indha la' ama waxaad ku dawayn kartaa 400 ilaa 2,000 oo dad indho la' ah waxaan fili inay cadahay ta wanaagsan ay tahay in la sameeyo. laakiin hadaad eegayso ururada deeqa ee tayada leh kan waa websayd wanaagsan oo ay tahay in la eego. GiveWell exist si aad runtii u qiimayso saamaynta ururadaas, maaha qudha in si wanaagsan loo wado, waxayse eegeen boqolaal urur iminka waxay ku taliyeen sadex urur qudha, kaaso Against Maraia Foundation uu ka kow yahay. hadaba aad ayay u adagtahay, hadaad eegto la talin kale oo wanaagsan, thelifeyourcansave.com iyo bixi wixii aad karto labaduba waxay leeyihiin liis dheer laakiin waad heli kartaa ururo tayo leh, oon ahayn qudha kuwo badbaadiya nolosha faqiirka. Waxaan aad ugu faraxsanahay inaan idhaahdo waxaa jira sidoo kale websayd eegaya ururada xayawaanka ee tayada leh. taasi waa arin kale oo aan ka walaacsanaa noloshayda oo dhan, dhibta baaxada weyn ee biniaadamka haleesha marka la turjumo tobanaan bilyan oo xayawaana sanad kasta markaa hadaad rabtid inaad eegto urur xayawaan oo tayo leh si hoos loogu dhigo dhibka, waxaad tegi kartaa Effective Animal Actism. sidoo kale deeqsinomo tayo leh ood filay inay aad u muhiim tahay si loo looga dhigo nooluhu inay badbaadaa dhamaantood. markaa waxay eegayaa hababka hoos loogu dhigi karo khatarta inay dabar go'aan. halkan waxaa ah hal khatar oo dabar go' ah oo aynu dhamaanteen ka war hayno dhawaanahan, markii asteriyoodh uu maray meel u dhaw aduunkeena waxaa suuro gal ahayd in cilmi baadhis ay inaga caawin lahayd inaan uun saadaalin jidka astiriyoodhada inagu dhici kara, laakiin runtii ka hortagi karno inaysan dhicin. dadka qaar ayaa ka fekera inay ahaan lahayd arin fiican inaynu bixino. waxa jirta suurtagalnimooyin badan,
My final question is, some people will think it's a burden to give. I don't really believe it is. I've enjoyed giving all of my life since I was a graduate student. It's been something fulfilling to me. Charlie Bresler said to me that he's not an altruist. He thinks that the life he's saving is his own. And Holly Morgan told me that she used to battle depression until she got involved with effective altruism, and now is one of the happiest people she knows. I think one of the reasons for this is that being an effective altruist helps to overcome what I call the Sisyphus problem. Here's Sisyphus as portrayed by Titian, condemned by the gods to push a huge boulder up to the top of the hill. Just as he gets there, the effort becomes too much, the boulder escapes, rolls all the way down the hill, he has to trudge back down to push it up again, and the same thing happens again and again for all eternity. Does that remind you of a consumer lifestyle, where you work hard to get money, you spend that money on consumer goods which you hope you'll enjoy using? But then the money's gone, you have to work hard to get more, spend more, and to maintain the same level of happiness, it's kind of a hedonic treadmill. You never get off, and you never really feel satisfied. Becoming an effective altruist gives you that meaning and fulfillment. It enables you to have a solid basis for self-esteem on which you can feel your life was really worth living.
suaashayda u danbaysaa waxay tahay, dadka qaar waxay ka fekeraan inay culustahay in la bixyo. anigu ma aaminsani inay tahay waxaan ku raaxaysanayey inaan bixiyo noloshaydi oo dhan ilaa markaan qalin jebiyey. waxay ii ahayd wax i farxad gelinayey. Charle Bresler wuxuu igu yidhi inuusan ahayn deeqsi. wuxuu ka fekeraa noloshii kaga baxday dhigaalkiisa. Holly Morgana wuxuu ii sheegay waxay u isticmaashay inay kula tacaasho niyad jabka ilaa hada waxay ku taxaluqday deeqsinada tayada leh, iminkana waa dadka ugu farxada badan een arkay. waxaan filayaa mid ka mida sababta arintan in faxalnimada tayada lihi ay caawiso inaan ka gudbo waxa aan ugu yeedho dhibta Sisphus. halkan waxa ah Sisphus sida uu sawirkiisa soo dhigay Titian, ku cambaareeyey in sanamadoodu ay ku soo riixeen dhagxaanti korka ka saarnaa buurta. marka uu minka halkan galay, dedaalku aad buu u sii batay. dhagaxii wuu ka baxsaday, ku soo socday hoosta buurta, waa inuu dib u riixaa oo kor celiyaa mar kale si lamid ayaa dhacd oo dhacda ilaa dhamaadka dunida. taas ma ku xasuusisaa qaab nololeedka macmiilka, inaad aad u shaqayso si aad lacag u hesho, waxaad ku bixisaa lacagtaas si aad ugu isticmaasho alaab taasoo aad rajaynaysid inaad la dhici doontid isticmaalkooda? laakiin lacagtii way tagtay, waxaad u shaqaysay aad si aad u helo in badan, waxaad kharash garaysay in badan, si aad u hesho in la mida farxadaas, farxad raadinteedu dhamaanayn. ka dhamaan masid, runtiina weligaa ku qancin mayso. inaad deeqsi wanaagsan nooqoto ayaa ku siin karta macnaha faraxadaas gaadhideeda. waxay kaa dhigaysaa inaad lahaato aasaaska dareenka niyadeed oo sareeya kaasoo aad ku dareemi karto inay noloshaadu tahay mid mudan in la noolaado
I'm going to conclude by telling you about an email that I received while I was writing this talk just a month or so ago. It's from a man named Chris Croy, who I'd never heard of. This is a picture of him showing him recovering from surgery. Why was he recovering from surgery?
waxaan ku soo gebogebaynayaa inaan idiin sheego emayl aan helay maraan qorayey hadalkan bil ka hor. waxay ka timid nin la dhaho Chris Croy, aanan weligay maqal kan waa sawirkiisa oo tusaya isagoo ka soo bogsoonaya qalin muxuu uga soo bogsoonayaa qaliinka?
The email began, "Last Tuesday, I anonymously donated my right kidney to a stranger. That started a kidney chain which enabled four people to receive kidneys."
emaylkii u danbeeyey wuxuu ku bilaabmay "salaasadii u danbaysay, waxaan si qarsoodiya ugu deeqay kelidayda midig qof aanan garanayn taas waxay bilowday silsilada kelida taasoo awood u siisay afar qof inay helaan kelyo."
There's about 100 people each year in the U.S. and more in other countries who do that. I was pleased to read it. Chris went on to say that he'd been influenced by my writings in what he did. Well, I have to admit, I'm also somewhat embarrassed by that, because I still have two kidneys. But Chris went on to say that he didn't think that what he'd done was all that amazing, because he calculated that the number of life-years that he had added to people, the extension of life, was about the same that you could achieve if you gave 5,000 dollars to the Against Malaria Foundation. And that did make me feel a little bit better, because I have given more than 5,000 dollars to the Against Malaria Foundation and to various other effective charities.
waxaa jira ilaa 100 sanadkii maraykanka iyo kuwo kaloo wadamada kale oo sidaas sameeya. waxaa i farxad gelisay inaan akhriyo. Chris wuxuu yidhi inay saamayn ku yeelatay qoraaladayda waxa uu sameeyey hagaag. waa inaan qirtaa, intaasi iga yaabisay, maxaa yeelay, ilaa hada waxaan leeyahay laba kelyood. laakiin Chris wuxuu yihdi inuusan ka fekerin inuu sameeyey wax saas loola yaabo. maxaa yeelay wuxuu xisaabiyey tirada sanadada uu ugu daray dad, kordhinta nololeed, ay tahay mid la mida midaad gaadhi kari lahayd hadaad siiso 5,000 dollar ururuka Against Malaria Foundation aad ka dibna aad xoogaa dareerto wanaag, maxaa yeelay waxaad bixisay in ka badan 5,000 oo doolar ururka Against Malaria Foundation iyo ururo kaloo deeqaha wax ku qabta.
So if you're feeling bad because you still have two kidneys as well, there's a way for you to get off the hook.
Markaa hadaanad fiicnaan dareemayn maxaa yeelay weli laba kelyood ayaad leedahay, waxaa jira qaabad aad uga bixi kartid.
Thank you.
Mahadsanidiin.
(Applause)
(Sacab)