I love trees, and I'm very lucky, because we live near a wonderful arboretum, and Sundays, usually, I'd go there with my wife and now, with my four-year-old, and we'd climb in the trees, we'd play hide and seek. The second school I was at had big trees too, had a fantastic tulip tree, I think it was the biggest in the country, and it also had a lot of wonderful bushes and vegetation around it, around the playing fields.
Saya suka pohon dan saya sangat beruntung karena kami tinggal di dekat arboretum indah. Tiap Minggu, biasanya saya ke sana dengan istri. Sekarang, dengan anak saya yang empat tahun dan kami akan memanjat pohon, main petak umpet. Sekolah saya dulu juga punya pohon besar, pohon tulip yang mengagumkan, saya rasa yang terbesar di seluruh negeri, dan ia juga punya semak dan tanaman yang hebat di sekeliling taman bermain.
One day I was grabbed by some of my classmates, and taken in the bushes -- I was stripped; I was attacked; I was abused; and this came out of the blue. Now, the reason I say that, because, afterwards, I was thinking -- well, I went back into the school -- I felt dirty; I felt betrayed; I felt ashamed, but mainly -- mainly, I felt powerless. And 30 years later I was sitting in an airplane, next to a lady called Veronica, who came from Chile, and we were on a human rights tour, and she was starting to tell me what it was like to be tortured, and, from my very privileged position, this was the only reference point that I had. And it was an amazing learning experience because, for me, human rights have been something in which I had, you know, a part-time interest, but, mainly, it was something that happened to other people over there.
Satu hari, saya dibawa oleh beberapa teman sekelas dan dibawa ke semak-- saya ditelanjangi; saya diserang; saya dilecehkan; dan ini terjadi tiba-tiba. Sekarang, alasan saya mengatakan hal itu karena setelahnya, saya berpikir -- saya kembali ke sekolah itu -- merasa kotor; merasa dikhianati; saya merasa malu, tapi yang terutama, saya merasa tak berdaya. Dan 30 tahun kemudian, saya ada di pesawat, di sebelah wanita bernama Veronica yang berasal dari Chili. Kami sedang dalam perjalanan terkait dengan HAM, dan dia mulai menceritakan kepada saya bagaimana rasanya disiksa, dan dari posisi saya yang sangat diistimewakan, inilah satu-satunya titik referensi saya. Dan itu adalah pengalaman luar biasa karena, bagi saya, HAM telah menjadi sesuatu yang saya minati paruh waktu, tapi intinya, itu adalah hal yang terjadi kepada orang lain di luar sana.
But I got a phone call from Bono in 1985 and, as you know, he's a great singer, but he's a magnificent hustler, and --
Tetapi, saya ditelepon Bono pada 1985, dan sebagaimana Anda tahu, dia adalah penyanyi hebat,
(Laughter) --
tapi dia pendesak yang ulung, dan --
a very hard guy to say no to, and he was saying, you know, just after I'd done the Biko song, we're going to do a tour for Amnesty, you have to be on it, and really that was the first time that I'd been out and started meeting people who'd watched their family being shot in front of them, who'd had a partner thrown out of an airplane into an ocean, and suddenly this world of human rights arrived in my world, and I couldn't really walk away in quite the same way as before.
(Tawa) -- orang yang sangat sulit ditolak, dan waktu itu dia berkata, setelah saya menyelesaikan lagu Biko, kami akan tur untuk Amnesty, kamu harus ikut, dan itu pertama kalinya saya keluar dan mulai bertemu orang-orang yang menyaksikan keluarganya ditembak di depan mereka, yang pasangannya dilempar dari pesawat ke lautan, dan mendadak dunia HAM ini tiba di dunia saya,
So I got involved with this tour, which was for Amnesty, and then in '88 I took over Bono's job trying to learn how to hustle. I didn't do it as well, but we managed to get Youssou N'Dour, Sting, Tracy Chapman, and Bruce Springsteen to go 'round the world for Amnesty, and it was an amazing experience. And, once again, I got an extraordinary education, and it was the first time, really, that I'd met a lot of these people in the different countries, and these human rights stories became very physical, and, again, I couldn't really walk away quite so comfortably.
dan saya tidak dapat berpaling seperti yang sebelumnya. Jadi, saya terlibat dengan tur ini, untuk Amnesty, dan kemudian pada '88, saya mengambil alih pekerjaan Bono untuk belajar mendesak. Saya tidak sebaik dia, tapi kami berhasil mengajak Youssou N'Dour, Sting, Tracy Chapman, dan Bruce Springsteen berkeliling dunia untuk Amnesty. dan itu adalah pengalaman menakjubkan. Dan, sekali lagi, saya dapat pendidikan yang luar biasa, dan itu pertama kalinya saya bertemu banyak orang dari banyak negara, dan kisah-kisah HAM ini menjadi sangat fisik, dan lagi-lagi, saya tidak bisa menjauh dengan nyaman.
But the thing that really amazed me, that I had no idea, was that you could suffer in this way and then have your whole experience, your story, denied, buried and forgotten. And it seemed that whenever there was a camera around, or a video or film camera, it was a great deal harder to do -- for those in power to bury the story. And Reebok set up a foundation after these Human Rights Now tours and there was a decision then -- well, we made a proposal, for a couple of years, about trying to set up a division that was going to give cameras to human rights activists. It didn't really get anywhere, and then the Rodney King incident happened, and people thought, OK, if you have a camera in the right place at the right time, or, perhaps, the wrong time, depending who you are, then you can actually start doing something, and campaigning, and being heard, and telling people about what's going on.
Tetapi, yang sangat membuat takjub adalah saya benar-benar tidak tahu bahwa Anda dapat menderita seperti ini dan kemudian seluruh pengalaman, kisah Anda, disangkal, dikubur, dan dilupakan. Dan sepertinya di mana pun yang ada kamera, kamera video atau foto, itu jadi jauh lebih sulit untuk dilakukan-- untuk pihak berkuasa untuk mengubur kisah tersebut. Dan Reebok membuat yayasan setelah tur-tur HAM ini dan kemudian ada keputusan ... Kami membuat proposal selama dua tahun, tentang mencoba mengadakan divisi yang akan memberikan kamera untuk para aktivis HAM. Awalnya tak kemana-mana, dan kemudian ada kejadian Rodney King, dan orang-orang berpikir, oke, jika Anda punya kamera di tempat dan saat yang tepat, atau mungkin waktu yang salah, tergantung siapa Anda, lalu Anda sebenarnya dapat mulai melakukan sesuatu, berkampanye, dan menjadi terdengar, dan mengatakan tentang apa yang terjadi.
So, WITNESS was started in '92 and it's since given cameras out in over 60 countries. And we campaign with activist groups and help them tell their story and, in fact, I will show you in a moment one of the most recent campaigns, and I'm afraid it's a story from Uganda, and, although we had a wonderful story from Uganda yesterday, this one isn't quite so good. In the north of Uganda, there are something like 1.5 million internally displaced people, people who are not refugees in another country, but because of the civil war, which has been going on for about 20 years, they have nowhere to live. And 20,000 kids have been taken away to become child soldiers, and the International Criminal Court is going after five of the leaders of the -- now, what's it called? I forget the name of the of the army -- it's Lord's Resistance Army, I believe -- but the government, also, doesn't have a clean sheet, so if we could run the first video.
Jadi, WITNESS dimulai pada tahun '92 dan sejak itu memberikan kamera di lebih dari 60 negara. Kami berkampanye dengan grup aktivis dan membantu mereka menceritakan kisahnya. Faktanya, saya akan menunjukkan salah satu kampanye terkini, dan saya khawatir ini kisah dari Uganda, dan, meskipun kemarin kita punya kisah hebat dari Uganda, yang satu ini tak terlalu bagus. Di Uganda Utara, ada sekitar 1,5 juta pengungsi dalam negeri, mereka yang bukan pengungsi dari negara lain, tapi karena Perang Saudara yang telah terjadi selama sekitar 20 tahun, mereka tak punya tempat tinggal. 20.000 anak telah diambil untuk menjadi tentara anak, dan Mahkamah Pidana Internasional mengejar lima dari pimpinan -- nah, apa namanya? Saya lupa nama pasukannya -- Lord's Resistance Army, saya percaya -- tapi pemerintahnya juga tak benar-benar bersih. Mari kita putar video pertamanya.
(Music) Woman: Life in the camp is never simple. Even today life is difficult. We stay because of the fear that what pushed us into the camp ... still exists back home. Text: "Between Two Fires: Torture and Displacement in Northern Uganda" Man: When we were at home, it was Kony's [rebel] soldiers disturbing us. At first, we were safe in the camp. But later the government soldiers began mistreating us a lot.
(Musik) Perempuan: Hidup di kamp tak pernah mudah. Bahkan kehidupan sulit hari ini. Kami bertahan karena ketakutan bahwa apa yang memaksa kami ke kamp masih ada di rumah sana. [Di antara Dua Api: Penyiksaan dan Pengalihan di Uganda Utara] Lelaki: Ketika kami di rumah, tentara Kony (pemberontak) yang mengganggu kami. Awalnya, kami aman di kamp.
(Chanting)
Tapi kemudian tentara pemerintah mulai memperlakukan kami dengan buruk.
Jennifer: A soldier walked onto the road, asking where we'd been. Evelyn and I hid behind my mother. Evelyn: He ordered us to sit down, so we sat down. The other soldier also came. Jennifer: The man came and started undressing me. The other one carried Evelyn aside. The one who was defiling me then left me and went to rape Evelyn. And the one who was raping Evelyn came and defiled me also. Man: The soldiers with clubs this long beat us to get a confession. They kept telling us, "Tell the truth!" as they beat us. Woman: They insisted that I was lying. At that moment, they fired and shot off my fingers. I fell. They ran to join the others ... leaving me for dead.
(Nyanyian) Evelyn: Satu tentara sedang di jalan, menanyakan kami dari mana Evelyn dan saya sembunyi di belakang ibu. Dia memerintahkan kami untuk duduk, jadi kami duduk. Tentara lainnya datang. Pria itu datang dan mulai melepaskan pakaian saya. Yang satu lagi membawa Evelyn menjauh. Yang tadinya menodai saya kemudian pergi memerkosa Evelyn. Dan yang sebelumnya memerkosa Evelyn datang dan mengotori saya juga. Lelaki: Para tentara dengan pemukul sepanjang ini memukuli kami sampai mengaku. Mereka terus berkata, "Katakan yang sebenarnya!" ketika memukuli kami. Mereka bersikeras bahwa saya berbohong. Saat itu, mereka menembak dan mengenai jari-jari saya. Saya jatuh dan mereka bergabung ke yang lain,
meninggalkan saya untuk mati.
(Music) Text: Uganda ratified the Convention Against Torture in 1986. Torture is defined as any act by which severe pain of suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted by a person acting in an official capacity to obtain information or a confession, to punish, coerce or intimidate.
(Musik) [Uganda meratifikasi Konvensi Menentang Penyiksaan pada 1986. Penyiksaan diartikan sebagai tindakan apa pun di mana rasa sakit atau penderitaan fisik maupun mental secara sengaja dibebankan oleh orang dalam kapasitas kedinasan.]
Peter Gabriel: So torture is not something that always happens on other soil. In my country, it was -- we had been looking at pictures of British soldiers beating up young Iraqis; we've got Abu Ghraib; we've got Guantanamo Bay. I had a driver on my way to Newark Airport, and he told me a story that, in the middle of the night, 4 a.m., he'd been taken out of his home in Queens -- taken to a place in the Midwest, that he was interrogated and tortured and returned to the street four weeks later, because he had the same -- he was Middle Eastern, and he had the same name as one of the 9/11 pilots, and that may or may not be true -- I didn't think he was a liar, though.
Jadi, penyiksaan bukan sesuatu yang selalu terjadi di tanah lain. Di negara saya, kami telah melihat foto tentara Inggris memukuli pemuda Irak; kami dapat Abu Ghraib; Teluk Guantanamo. Saya dapat supir di perjalanan menuju bandara Newark dan ia bercerita bahwa di tengah malam, pukul empat pagi, ia dibawa dari rumahnya di Queens -- ke suatu tempat di Midwest, kemudian diinterogasi, disiksa, dan dikembalikan ke jalanan empat minggu kemudian karena dia dari Timur Tengah, dan dia memiliki nama yang sama dengan salah satu pilot 9/11, dan itu bisa benar atau salah. Saya berpikir ia tidak berbohong.
And, I think, if we look around the world, as well as the polar ice caps melting, human rights, which have been fought for, for many hundreds of years in some cases, are, also, eroding very fast, and that is something that we need to take a look at and, maybe, start campaigning for. I mean, here, too, one of our partners was at Van Jones and the Books Not Bars project -- they have managed, with their footage in California to change the youth correction systems employed, and it's much -- much -- I think, more humane methods are being looked at, how you should lock up young kids, and that's questionable to start off. And as the story of Mr. Morales, just down the road, excuse me, Mr. Gabriel, would you mind if we delayed your execution a little bit? No, not at all, no problem, take your time. But this, surely, whoever that man is, whatever he's done, this is cruel and unusual punishment.
Dan, saya pikir, jika kita lihat di seluruh dunia, dan juga mencairnya es di kutub, HAM, yang telah kita perjuangkan selama ratusan tahun di beberapa kasus, juga terkikis dengan sangat cepat, dan itu sesuatu yang harus kita perhatikan dan mungkin, mulai kita kampanyekan. Maksud saya, di sini pula, salah satu partner kami di proyek Van Jones dan Books not Bars-- dengan rekaman mereka di California, mereka berhasil mengubah sistem yang diberlakukan di lapas remaja. Metodenya yang saya kira jauh lebih manusiawi sedang dilihat, bagaimana anak muda harusnya dikurung, dan itu layak dipertanyakan. Dan seperti cerita Pak Morales, di jalan tadi, "Permisi, Pak Gabriel, apakah Anda keberatan apabila kami sedikit menunda eksekusi Anda?" "Tidak, sama sekali tidak, tak masalah, santai saja." Tapi ini, tentunya, siapa pun lelaki itu, apa pun yang telah dilakukannya, ini hukuman yang kejam dan tak biasa.
Anyway, WITNESS has been trying to arm the brave people who often put their lives at risk around the world, with cameras, and I'd like to show you just a little more of that. Thank you.
Bagaimanapun, WITNESS telah berusaha mempersenjatai orang-orang berani yang sering mempertaruhkan nyawanya di seluruh dunia dengan kamera. Saya ingin menunjukkan sedikit lagi. Terima kasih.
(Thunder) Text: You can say a story is fabricated.
[Anda bisa bilang sebuah kisah dibuat-buat]
(Music) Text: You can say a jury is corrupt. You can say a person is lying. You can say you don't trust newspapers. But you can't say what you just saw never happened. Help WITNESS give cameras to the world. Shoot a video; expose injustice; reveal the truth; show us what's wrong with the world; and maybe we can help make it right. WITNESS. All the video you have just seen was recorded by human rights groups working with WITNESS.
(Musik) [Anda bisa bilang satu juri korup.] [Anda bisa bilang seseorang sedang berbohong] [Anda bisa bilang tak percaya koran] [Tapi Anda tidak bisa bilang ...] [apa yang baru Anda lihat ...] [tidak pernah terjadi] [Bantu WITNESS memberi kamera pada dunia] [merekam video;] [membongkar ketidakadilan;] [mengungkapkan kebenaran;] [menunjukkan yang salah dengan dunia;] [dan mungkin] [kita bisa membantu] [menjadikannya] [benar.] [WITNESS] [Semua video yang baru Anda lihat direkam oleh kelompok HAM yang bekerja bersama WITNESS.]
(Applause)
(Tepuk tangan)
PG: WITNESS was born of technological innovation -- in a sense the small, portable, DV cam was really what allowed it to come into being. And we've also been trying to get computers out to the world, so that groups can communicate much more effectively, campaign much more effectively, but now we have the wonderful possibility, which is given to us from the mobile phone with the camera in it, because that is cheap; it's ubiquitous; and it's moving fast all around the world -- and it's very exciting for us.
WITNESS lahir dari inovasi teknologi -- kamera DV portabel yang kecil benar-benar menjadikannya nyata. Dan kami juga telah mencoba membagikan komputer pada dunia, sehingga kelompok kami dapat berkomunikasi lebih efektif, berkampanye dengan lebih efektif, tapi sekarang, kita memiliki peluang hebat yang diberikan pada kita oleh ponsel berkamera, karena itu murah; ada di mana-mana; dan bergerak cepat di seluruh dunia -- dan semakin menarik bagi kami.
And so, the dream is that we could have a world in which anyone who has anything bad happen to them of this sort has a chance of getting their story uploaded, being seen, being watched, that they really know that they can be heard, that there would be a giant website, maybe, a little like Google Earth, and you could fly over and find out the realities of what's going, for the world's inhabitants. In a way what this technology is allowing is, really, that a lot of the problems of the world can have a human face, that we can actually see who's dying of AIDS or who's being beaten up, for the first time, and we can hear their stories in a way that the blogger culture -- if we can move that into these sort of fields, I think we can really transform the world in all sorts of ways. There could be a new movement growing up, rising from the ground, reaching for the light, and growing strong, just like a tree. Thank you.
Jadi, mimpinya kita dapat memiliki dunia, di mana siapa pun yang mengalami kejadian buruk semacam ini memiliki kesempatan agar cerita mereka diunggah, dilihat, dijaga, bahwa mereka benar tahu bahwa mereka bisa didengar, bahwa nanti akan ada situs raksasa, mungkin sedikit mirip Google Earth, dan Anda dapat melintas dan mengetahui realitas yang sedang terjadi pada penduduk dunia. Cara yang dimungkinkan teknologi ini sesungguhnya adalah banyak masalah di dunia ini bisa memiliki wajah manusia, bahwa kita dapat melihat siapa yang sedang sekarat karena AIDS, atau siapa yang sedang dipukuli. Untuk pertama kalinya, kita bisa dengar kisah mereka dengan cara para bloger budaya. Jika kita dapat membawanya ke bidang ini, saya merasa ini benar dapat mengubah dunia dalam bermacam cara. Bisa ada gerakan baru yang tumbuh, bangkit dari tanah, menjangkau cahaya, dan bertumbuh kuat, seperti pohon.