[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]
[塑造你的未來]
In Kenya, buses are commonly known as "matatus." They're everywhere -- and I mean everywhere. And they form a very crucial part of Kenyans' urban life. They're fun, colorfully painted buses with graffiti that depicts what is going on in Kenya and the world at large. They're informal and affordable ways for Kenyans to get around and are used by the vast majority as the main mode of transportation. But they have a couple of flaws. They can be a bit too loud, drive on the wrong side of the road to avoid traffic and can be inaccessible for women, children and people with disabilities.
在肯亞,「公車」又稱作「馬塔圖斯」 它們到處都是,真的到處都是 並在肯亞的都市扮演重要的角色 它們是有趣的、彩色的公車 上面的塗鴉描繪了肯亞發生的事 甚或世界發生了什麼 它們是肯亞人日常可負擔的代步工具 並被大部分人當作主要的交通方式 但這些公車也有一些缺點 它們的噪音很大 為了避免遇到塞車 會行駛在錯誤的方向 且對女性、小孩及身障人士不太方便
Back in the 90s, my family was in the matatu business and ran a popular graffiti matatu called "Gridlock'd." "Gridlock'd" was an American black comedy film starring the popular rapper Tupac Shakur. My uncles loved Tupac, and as a result, I can still sing along to most of his songs.
90年代期間 我的家族從事馬塔圖斯生意 經營有名的塗鴉公車 「浪子回頭妙事多」 《浪子回頭妙事多》 是一部美國黑色幽默電影 由著名饒舌歌手圖帕克·夏庫爾主演 我叔叔超愛圖帕克 因此我會唱他幾乎所有歌
Seven years ago, I stepped into the family business, and I brought a twist with me -- a feminist perspective. And this is what informs this perspective: women all over the world face sexual harassment while using public transport. In Kenya, 88 percent of women have experienced harassment while using public transportation. Unfortunately, we Kenyans are not alone. In a 2014 study conducted in the US, public transportation was the second-most common place for street harassment. This percentage is even higher in Cairo, Egypt, where a whopping 95 percent of women have experienced harassment while using public transportation. This percentage ranges all over the world, but there's not a single transport system where women do not face this type of harassment.
七年前,我加入家族企業 並為企業帶來女性觀點這個轉機 我的觀點是這樣的: 全世界的女性搭乘大眾運輸 面臨著性騷擾問題 在肯亞,百分之八十八的女性 搭乘大眾運輸時 有被騷擾的經驗 不幸的是,這不只在肯亞發生 根據美國2014年的研究顯示 大眾運輸是街頭騷擾發生頻率 第二高的地點 這個數據在埃及首都開羅甚至更高 高達百分之九十五的開羅女性 搭乘大眾運輸時 曾被騷擾 並在世界各地持續發生 但沒有任何大眾運輸系統 能避免女性受到這類騷擾
This leads to a massive financial loss for women, more commute time as they try to avoid dangerous routes, and eventually, they drop out of a system that isn't built for them and doesn't cater to their travel needs. So instead of women using affordable and environmentally sustainable public transportation to work, school and social events, they use their hard-earned and saved monies on safer but much more expensive means of transportation that leaves them out of building savings to ensure financial independence.
這使女性蒙受巨大經濟損失 為了避開危險路線 她們的通勤時間大增 最終無法使用這些 不是為她們所建的運輸系統 因為這無法符合她們的搭乘需求 因此女性不搭乘這些可負擔的 且對環境友善的大眾運輸工具 去工作、學校及社交場合 她們將這些辛苦賺來的錢 花在安全但昂貴的交通方式上 這使女性無法經由儲蓄確保經濟獨立
I cringe when newspaper headlines read, "Let's get rid of matatus," because millions of commuters would be stranded and thousands of youths unemployed. They say, "The system doesn't work. Let's get rid of it." But I say no. We have a lot to work with, and we need to put in the work. For the past seven years, we've worked with over 1,000+ public transport operators, 2,000 transport stakeholders and over 150 women professionals in the industry. The interventions that have yielded great impact are driven by research findings and working with public transport organizations to change the existing systems.
當報紙頭條寫著: 「捨棄馬塔圖斯吧!」我感到很不安 因為數百萬通勤者會陷入困境 數千名年輕人會被解僱 他們說:「制度有問題就捨棄吧!」 但我不認同 我們還有很多可以改善的地方 在過去七年期間 我們與超過千名大眾運輸司機 及兩千多名股東 還有超過一百五十名專業女性一起工作 改善的方式是透過資訊搜集 及與大眾運輸團體共事 一同改變現有的體制
One way we are doing this is by offering trainings on how to improve commuter experience. For example, it used to be that buses would unexpectedly change their route either to avoid traffic or the police, and women would find themselves in totally unknown neighborhoods. But now, buses are required to display their route map, fare charts and contact details of how and whom to report any incidences.
我們在做的事之一是提供專業訓練 以提升通勤者搭乘品質 舉例來說,過去巴士會隨意改變路線 為了避免塞車 或避開警察 因此女性會發現自己 在完全陌生的社區下車 現在,公車必須提供行駛路線 及票價表 並為如何回報突發事件建立規則
We've also been actively recruiting and shining a spotlight on women professionals working in the industry so more women can join. When more women work in the industry, they are in positions to make changes. So we've created a community, and an active network of women professionals working in the Nairobi metropolitan area who meet regularly and attend professional development courses. Women who are joining the industry have a real voice now. We have a stronger network, more and more expertise, and more money is being put into researching gender-based violence that plagues women as they go about their day.
我們也積極吸引和招聘 產業中的專業女性 讓更多女性加入我們 當更多女性加入產業中,就能產生改變 所以我們為在奈洛比都會區工作的女性 建立一個活躍的社群 她們定期聚會並參加專業課程 讓加入這個產業的女性 能真正為自己發聲 我們的社群逐漸增強 專業知識越來越多 也獲得更多研究資金 改善過去困擾女性的性別暴力問題
So instead of getting rid of matatus, let's understand travel habits. Let's train on how to improve commuter experience. Let's change behavior. Let's train on and adopt sexual harassment policies, and let's hire a more diverse workforce. Just like myself and my family, I believe public transportation can be the preferred mode of transport and workplace for millions of Kenyans.
所以與其捨棄馬塔圖斯 讓我們試著了解人們的通勤習慣 提升通勤者搭乘品質 讓我們改變過往的行為 改善並強化性騷擾防治政策 並雇用多元勞動力 就像我的家族及我自己 我相信大眾運輸能成為理想的工作場域 及被肯亞人所採用的交通方式