[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]
[塑造你的未来]
In Kenya, buses are commonly known as "matatus." They're everywhere -- and I mean everywhere. And they form a very crucial part of Kenyans' urban life. They're fun, colorfully painted buses with graffiti that depicts what is going on in Kenya and the world at large. They're informal and affordable ways for Kenyans to get around and are used by the vast majority as the main mode of transportation. But they have a couple of flaws. They can be a bit too loud, drive on the wrong side of the road to avoid traffic and can be inaccessible for women, children and people with disabilities.
在肯尼亚,我们一般称巴士为“Matatus” 它们无处不在—— 没错,随处可见 而且,它们是肯尼亚人城市生活中 非常重要的一部分 这些巴士很有意思,绘有多彩的图案 上面还有涂鸦, 这些涂鸦描述着肯尼亚 和整个世界的现况。 它们价格亲民, 是肯尼亚人的日常出行方式, 也是大多数人主要的交通方式。 但它们也存在一些缺点, 有时会非常吵闹, 有时行驶在道路的错误一侧, 来避开交通拥堵。 女性,儿童,残障人士有时 会无法使用。
Back in the 90s, my family was in the matatu business and ran a popular graffiti matatu called "Gridlock'd." "Gridlock'd" was an American black comedy film starring the popular rapper Tupac Shakur. My uncles loved Tupac, and as a result, I can still sing along to most of his songs.
在90年代,我的家人 从事“Matatu”生意, 运营着一辆非常受欢迎的涂鸦“Mttatu” 名为 “浪子回头妙事多”。 “浪子回头妙事多” 是一部美国黑色喜剧片, 由广受欢迎的说唱歌手 图帕克·夏库尔主演。 我的叔叔很热爱他, 所以我现在仍然能出他的大部分歌曲
Seven years ago, I stepped into the family business, and I brought a twist with me -- a feminist perspective. And this is what informs this perspective: women all over the world face sexual harassment while using public transport. In Kenya, 88 percent of women have experienced harassment while using public transportation. Unfortunately, we Kenyans are not alone. In a 2014 study conducted in the US, public transportation was the second-most common place for street harassment. This percentage is even higher in Cairo, Egypt, where a whopping 95 percent of women have experienced harassment while using public transportation. This percentage ranges all over the world, but there's not a single transport system where women do not face this type of harassment.
七年前,我开始参与家里的生意, 我带来了新的变化 ——女性主义者视角。 下面是现实中对这一观点的说明, 全世界的女性在乘坐公共交通时 都有可能面临性骚扰。 在肯尼亚,88%的女性 在乘坐公共交通工具时, 有遭受性骚扰的经历。 不幸的是,不仅我们肯尼亚。 美国在2014年所做的研究表明, 公共交通工具是发生街头骚扰的 第二最普遍的场所。 在埃及开罗,这比例甚更高, 那里有着高达95%的女性 在乘坐交通工具时, 曾遭受过性骚扰。 世界各地的百分比范围各异, 但是却没有一个交通系统当中, 女性可以不必面对这样的骚扰。
This leads to a massive financial loss for women, more commute time as they try to avoid dangerous routes, and eventually, they drop out of a system that isn't built for them and doesn't cater to their travel needs. So instead of women using affordable and environmentally sustainable public transportation to work, school and social events, they use their hard-earned and saved monies on safer but much more expensive means of transportation that leaves them out of building savings to ensure financial independence.
这一现象导致了巨额女性经济损失, 她们以更长的通勤时间来 避开不安全的路线, 结果她们就退出了这个 并不是为女性打造 也不能满足她们旅行需求的系统。 因此,替代了原来女性负担得起, 同时还益于环境 可持续性的公共交通, 来上班,上学,参与社会事务, 她们用来之不易的和省下来的钱 选择更安全也更贵的交通方式, 导致她们无法存钱来实现经济独立。
I cringe when newspaper headlines read, "Let's get rid of matatus," because millions of commuters would be stranded and thousands of youths unemployed. They say, "The system doesn't work. Let's get rid of it." But I say no. We have a lot to work with, and we need to put in the work. For the past seven years, we've worked with over 1,000+ public transport operators, 2,000 transport stakeholders and over 150 women professionals in the industry. The interventions that have yielded great impact are driven by research findings and working with public transport organizations to change the existing systems.
我畏惧报纸标题写的 “让我们摆脱 ‘Matatus’,” 因为大量的的通勤人员 将会陷入困境, 同时许多年轻人会失业。 他们说:“这个系统没用了, 让我们摆脱它。“ 我却要说不, 我们有大堆的改善工作要做。 过去的七年里, 我们和超过1000家公共交通运营商, 2000家交通利益相关者, 超过150名行业内女性专业人士 有过合作。 研究结果推动的干预措施 产生了巨大的影响。 同时和公共交通组织合作 改变现有的系统。
One way we are doing this is by offering trainings on how to improve commuter experience. For example, it used to be that buses would unexpectedly change their route either to avoid traffic or the police, and women would find themselves in totally unknown neighborhoods. But now, buses are required to display their route map, fare charts and contact details of how and whom to report any incidences.
我们的方法之一是 提供培训, 培训如何改善通勤人的体验。 例如,巴士以前会 出乎意料地改变路线, 不论是为了避开交通拥堵 还是避开交通警察, 使得女性会发现她们来到了 完全陌生的街区。 但是现在巴士被要求展示路线地图、 票价表, 还有汇报交通意外的 详细情况联系细节。
We've also been actively recruiting and shining a spotlight on women professionals working in the industry so more women can join. When more women work in the industry, they are in positions to make changes. So we've created a community, and an active network of women professionals working in the Nairobi metropolitan area who meet regularly and attend professional development courses. Women who are joining the industry have a real voice now. We have a stronger network, more and more expertise, and more money is being put into researching gender-based violence that plagues women as they go about their day.
我们也积极地招募成员 引起更多人去关注 交通行业女性专业人士, 来让更多女性加入我们、 随着更多女性的加入 她们就将会带来改变。 我们为内罗毕首都地区 女性专业人士 建立了一个社群, 也是一个活跃的网络, 她们经常见面 并且一起上专业发展课。 加入该行业的女性终于能真正地发声。 我们有了更强大的网络, 更多的专业知识, 更多资金也投入到 性别暴力的研究当中。 那些日常生活中 折磨她们的暴力行为。
So instead of getting rid of matatus, let's understand travel habits. Let's train on how to improve commuter experience. Let's change behavior. Let's train on and adopt sexual harassment policies, and let's hire a more diverse workforce. Just like myself and my family, I believe public transportation can be the preferred mode of transport and workplace for millions of Kenyans.
我们更应该理解旅行习惯, 而不是抛弃“Matatus” 让我们通过培训来改善通勤者的体验。 让我们改变自己的行为。 让我们学习,出台性骚扰政策。 让我们雇用更为多元的劳动力, 就像我和我和家庭, 我相信公共交通 能成为解决交通问题的首选, 也可以成为数百万 肯尼亚人工作的首选。