It's really, really great to be here. You have the power to change the world. I’m not saying that to be cliché, you really have the power to change the world. Deep inside of you, every single one of you has the most powerful device known to man. And that's an idea.
Stvarno je lijepo biti ovdje. Vi možete promijeniti svijet. Ne kažem to samo tako. Vi stvarno možete promijeniti svijet. Duboko u vama, u svakome od vas, nalazi se najmoćnija stvar koju poznajemo. To je ideja.
So a single idea, from the human mind, it could start a groundswell, it could be a flash point for a movement and it can actually rewrite our future.
Dakle, jedna jedina ideja ljudskog uma može nešto pokrenuti, može započeti revoluciju i može promijeniti našu budućnost.
But an idea is powerless if it stays inside of you. If you never pull that idea out for others to contend with, it will die with you. Now, maybe some of you guys have tried to convey your idea and it wasn't adopted, it was rejected, and some other mediocre or average idea was adopted. And the only difference between those two is in the way it was communicated. Because if you communicate an idea in a way that resonates, change will happen, and you can change the world.
Ali, ideja je bespomoćna ako ostane u vama. Ako tu ideju nikada ne iznesete drugima, ona će umrijeti s vama. Možda su neki od vas pokušali iznijeti svoju ideju i ona nije bila prihvaćena, a usvojena je neka loša ili prosječna ideja. Jedina razlika između tih ideja je način na koji su iznesene. Ako iznesete ideju na upečatljiv način, doći će do promjene i vi možete promijeniti svijet.
In my family, we collect these vintage European posters. Every time we go to Maui, we go to the dealer there, and he turns these great big posters. I love them. They all have one idea and one really clear visual that conveys the idea. They are about the size of a mattress. They're really big. They're not as thick as a mattress, but they're big. And the guy will tell the story as he turns the pages. And this one time I was flanked by my two kids and he turns the page and this poster is underneath, and right when I lean forward and say, "Oh my God, I love this poster," both of my kids jumped back and they are like, "Oh my God, mom, it's you." And this is the poster.
Moja obitelj skuplja stare europske plakate. Svaki puta kad idemo na Maui, odemo do trgovine i tamo nam pokažu te velike plakate. Obožavam ih. Svi imaju jednu ideju i jednu sliku koja prenosi tu ideju. Veličine su madraca. Stvarno su veliki. Nisu debeli kao madrac, ali veliki su. I trgovac će ispričati priču za svaki plakat. Jednom sam bila sa svoje dvoje djece i okrenuo je stranicu, ispod je bio jedan plakat. U trenutku kad sam se nagnula i rekla, "O, bože, obožavam ovaj plakat.", moja djeca su odskočila i rekla, "Mama, pa to si ti!" Ovo je taj plakat.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
See, I'm like "Fire it up!"
Kao da kažem "Zapalite to!"
The thing I loved about this poster was the irony. Here's this chick all fired up, headed into battle -- as the standard bearer -- and she's holding these little Suavitos baking spices, like something so seemingly insignificant, though she's willing to risk, you know, life and limb to promote this thing.
Ono što mi se sviđa kod ovog plakata je ironija. Ova žena je u zanosu, ide u bitku, kao vođa, i drži Suavitos začine za hranu, iako je to nešto naizgled nebitno, ona je voljna riskirati sve kako bi podržala tu ideju.
So if you are to swap out those little Suavitos baking spices with a presentation -- Yeah, it's me, pretty fired up. I was fired up about presentations back when it wasn't cool to be fired up about presentations. I really think they have the power to change the world when you communicate effectively through them. And changing the world is hard. It won't happen with just one person with one single idea. That idea has got to spread, or it won't be effective. So it has to come out of you and out into the open for people to see. And the way that ideas are conveyed the most effectively is through story.
Dakle, ako umjesto tih začina zamislimo da se radi o prezentaciji, da, prilično sam uzbuđena. Bila sam uzbuđena oko prezentacija još prije kada nije bilo popularno biti uzbuđen oko prezentacija. Stvarno mislim da one mogu promijeniti svijet, ako kroz njih učinkovito komunicirate. A promijeniti svijet je teško. To neće uspjeti samo jednoj osobi koja ima jednu ideju. Ideja se mora raširiti ili neće biti učinkovita. Znači, mora izaći iz vas i doći na otvoreno gdje će je ljudi vidjeti. A ideje se najbolje prenose kroz priču.
You know, for thousands of years, illiterate generations would pass on their values and their culture from generation to generation, and they would stay intact. So there's something kind of magical about a story structure that makes it so that when it's assembled, it can be ingested and then recalled by the person who's receiving it.
Tisućama godina, generacije nepismenih prenosile su svoje vrijednosti i kulturu iz generacije u generaciju i ostale su sačuvane. Dakle, postoji nešto čarobno u samoj strukturi priče zbog čega je osoba kojoj je upućena, može zapamtiti i zatim ponoviti.
So basically a story, you get a physical reaction; your heart can race, your eyes can dilate, you could talk about, "Oh, I got a chill down my spine" or, "I could feel it in the pit of my stomach." We actually physically react when someone is telling us a story. So even though the stage is the same, a story can be told, but once a presentation is told, it completely flatlines. And I wanted to figure out why.
Priča izaziva i fizičku reakciju: srce vam može brže kucati, zjenice vam se rašire, kažete nešto poput "Oh, prošli su me trnci" ili "Osjetila sam to u želucu". Mi, zapravo, fizički reagiramo kada nam netko priča priču. Iako je pozornica ista, priča se može ispričati, ali prezentacija odmah izgubi svoju živost. A ja sam htjela saznati zašto.
Why is it that we physically sit with rapt attention during a story, but it just dies for a presentation. So I wanted to figure out, how do you incorporate story into presentations. So we've had thousands of presentations back at the shop -- hundreds of thousands of presentations, actually, so I knew the context of a really bad presentation. I decided to study cinema and literature, and really dig in and figure out what was going on and why it was broken.
Zašto sjedimo i zaneseno slušamo neku priču, ali prezentacijom taj doživljaj nestaje? Htjela sam saznati kako uklopiti priču u prezentaciju. U trgovini smo imali tisuće prezentacija, stotine tisuća prezentacija, zapravo, tako da sam znala kako izgleda loša prezentacija. Odlučila sam proučiti kino i književnost te stvarno zapeti i saznati što se događa i zašto ne funkcionira.
So, I want to show you some of the findings that led up to what I've uncovered as a presentation form.
Želim vam pokazati neka svoja otkrića koja su dovela do onoga što nazivam prezentacijskim obrascem.
So it was obvious to start with Aristotle, he had a three-act structure, a beginning, a middle and an end. We studied poetics and rhetoric, and a lot of presentations don't even have that in its most simple form. And then when I moved on to studying hero archetypes, I thought, "OK, the presenter is the hero, they're up on the stage, they're the star of the show." It's easy to feel, as the presenter, that you're the star of the show. I realized right away, that that's really broken. Because I have an idea, I can put it out there, but if you guys don't grab that idea and hold it as dear, the idea goes nowhere and the world is never changed. So in reality, the presenter isn't the hero, the audience is the hero of our idea.
Bilo je logično početi s Aristotelom. On je imao trodijelnu strukturu, početak, sredinu i kraj. Proučavali smo poetiku i retoriku, većina prezentacija nema to ni u najjednostavnijem obliku. Zatim sam proučavala herojske arhetipove i mislila "OK, prezentator je heroj, na pozornici je, on je zvijezda." Kao prezentator, lako se osjećati kao zvijezda. Odmah sam shvatila da je to stvarno loše. Jer ja imam ideju i iznesem je vama, ali ako je vi ne prihvatite i ne prinesete k srcu, ta ideja neće nikuda stići i svijet se ne mijenja. Dakle, prezentator nije heroj. Publika je heroj naše ideje.
So if you look at Joseph Campbell's hero's journey, just in the front part, there were some really interesting insights there. So there is this likable hero in an ordinary world, and they get this call to adventure. So the world is kind of brought out of balance. And at first they're resistant. They're like, "I don't know if I want to jump into this," and then a mentor comes along and helps them move from their ordinary world into a special world. And that's the role of the presenter. It's to be the mentor. You're not Luke Skywalker, you're Yoda. You're the one that actually helps the audience move from one thing and into your new special idea, and that's the power of a story. So in its most simple structure, it's a three-part structure of a story. You have a likable hero who has a desire, they encounter a roadblock and ultimately they emerge, transform, and that's the basic structure.
Ako pogledate putovanje Joseph Campbellovog heroja, vidjet ćete neke zanimljive zaključke. Dakle, imamo simpatičnog heroja u običnom svijetu i on dobiva poziv za pustolovinu. Znači, ravnoteža u svijetu se malo poremeti. U početku malo oklijeva. "Ne znam želim li se uplesti u ovo," a onda se pojavljuje učitelj, koji mu pomogne da prijeđe iz običnog svijeta u jedan poseban svijet. I to je uloga prezentatora. Biti učitelj. Vi niste Luke Skywalker, vi ste Yoda. Vi ste ti koji pomažete publici da prijeđe s jedne stvari na vašu novu ideju, a to je snaga priče. Dakle, u svojoj najjednostavnijoj strukturi, to je trodijelna priča. Imate simpatičnog heroja koji nešto želi, naiđe na prepreku koju pobijede i koja ih promijeni, a to je osnovna struktura.
But it wasn't until I came across a Gustav Freytag's pyramid -- he drew this shape in 1863. Now, he was a German dramatist ... he was a German dramatist and he believed there is a five-act structure, which has an exposition, a rising action, a climax, a falling action and a denouement, which is the unraveling or the resolution of the story. I love this shape. So we talk about shapes. A story has an arc -- well, an arc is a shape. We talk about classical music having a shapeliness to it. So I thought, hey, if presentations had a shape, what would that shape be? And how did the greatest communicators use that shape, or do they use a shape?
No, sve dok nisam naišla na piramidu Gustava Freytaga... nacrtao ju je 1863. On je bio njemački dramaturg... bio je njemački dramaturg i zastupao je petodijelnu strukturu koja se sastoji od ekspozicije, zapleta, vrhunca, smirivanja radnje i zaključka, što je, zapravo, svršetak priče. Volim taj oblik. Dakle, govorimo o oblicima. Priča ima luk - dobro, luk je oblik. I za klasičnu glazbu kažemo da ima oblik. Pomislila sam, ako bi prezentacije imale oblik, koji bi to oblik bio? I kako su najveći govornici koristili taj oblik, koriste li ga uopće?
So I'll never forget, it was a Saturday morning. After all this study -- it was a couple of years of study -- I drew a shape. And I was like, "Oh my gosh, if this shape is real, I should be able to take two completely different presentations and overlay it, and it should be true."
Nikada neću zaboraviti. Bilo je nedjeljno jutro. Nakon svih ovih istraživanja, koja su trajala godinama, nacrtala sam oblik. Pomislila sam "O, bože, ako je ovaj oblik stvaran, trebala bih moći uzeti dvije potpuno različite prezentacije, preklopiti ih i dobiti taj oblik."
So I took the obvious, I took Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech, and I took Steve Jobs' 2007 iPhone launch speech, I overlaid it over it, and it worked. I sat in my office, just astounded. I actually cried a little, because I was like, "I've been given this gift," and here it is, this is the shape of a great presentation. Isn't it amazing?
Pa sam odabrala ono očito. Uzela sam govor "Imam san" Martina Luthera Kinga i govor Stevea Jobsa za iPhone 2007.godine. Preklopila sam ih i upalilo je. Sjedila sam u uredu, zaprepaštena. Malo sam i zaplakala, jer sam pomislila "Dobila sam ovaj dar," i sada je tu, ovako izgleda odlična prezentacija. Nije li to sjajno?
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
I was crying. I want to walk you through it, it's pretty astounding. There is a beginning, a middle and an end, and I want to walk you through it. Because the greatest communicators -- I went through speeches, everything -- I can overlay the shape. Even the Gettysburg Address follows the shape.
Plakala sam. Želim vam to objasniti jer je zapravo jako zapanjujuće. Ima početak, sredinu i kraj i želim vas provesti kroz to. Zato jer i kod najboljih govornika - slušala sam govore i sve - mogu preklopiti oblik. Čak i Gettysburški govor ima ovaj oblik.
At the beginning of any presentation, you need to establish what is. You know, here's the status quo, here's what's going on. And then you need to compare that to what could be. You need to make that gap as big as possible, because there is this commonplace of the status quo, and you need to contrast that with the loftiness of your idea. So it's like, you know, here's the past, here's the present, but look at our future. Here's a problem, but look at that problem removed. Here's a roadblock, let's annihilate the roadblock. You need to really amplify that gap. This would be like the inciting incident in a movie. That's when suddenly the audience has to contend with what you just put out there: "Wow, do I want to agree with this and align with it or not?" And in the rest of your presentation should support that.
Na početku svake prezentacije morate reći što je što. Ovako stvari stoje, evo što se događa. Zatim trebate reći kako bi to moglo izgledati. Ta razlika treba biti što veća zbog osjećaja banalnosti koji izaziva trenutno stanje stvari te to treba biti u kontrastu s vašom idejom. Dakle, ovo je prošlost, ovo je sadašnjost, ali pogledajte budućnost. Ovo je problem, ali pogledajte kako je kada problem nestane. Ovo je prepreka na cesti, uništimo tu prepreku. Stvarno morate naglasiti tu razliku. To je kao prvi problem koji se pojavi u filmu. Odjednom se publika mora suočiti s time što ste upravo rekli: "Želim li se složiti s ovime i prihvatiti to ili ne?" U ostatku prezentacije to morate podržavati.
So the middle goes back and forth, it traverses between what is and what could be, what is and what could be. Because what you are trying to do is make the status quo and the normal unappealing, and you're wanting to draw them towards what could be in the future with your idea adopted.
Dakle sredina ide naprijed-natrag, od onoga što jest, do onoga što bi moglo biti, što jest i što bi bilo. Ono što želite je učiniti trenutno stanje stvari i ono normalno neprivlačnim i želite ih povući prema onome što bi moglo biti u budućnosti ako se vaša ideja prihvati.
Now, on your way to change the world, people are going to resist. They're not going to be excited, they may love the world the way it is. So you'll encounter resistance. That's why you have to move back and forth. It's similar to sailing. When you're sailing against the wind and there is wind resistance, you have to move your boat back and forth, and back and forth. That's so you can capture the wind. You have to actually capture the resistance coming against you when you're sailing. Now interesting, if you capture the wind just right and you set your sail just right, your ship will actually sail faster than the wind itself. It is a physics phenomenon. So by planting in there the way they're going to resist between what is and what can be, is actually going to draw them towards your idea quicker than should you not do that.
Ljudi će se opirati na vašem putu da promijenite svijet. Neće biti uzbuđeni, možda im se sviđa svijet kakav jest. Dakle, naići ćete na otpor. Zato se morate kretati naprijed-natrag. Slično je jedrenju. Kada idete protiv vjetra i vjetar vam se opire, morate pomicati brod naprijed-natrag. Samo tako možete uhvatiti vjetar. Zapravo, morate uhvatiti taj otpor koji vas napada kada jedrite. Zanimljivo je, ako dobro uhvatite vjetar i dobro podesite jedra, vaš brod će zapravo ploviti brže i od samog vjetra. To je fizički fenomen. Dakle, ako im date mogućnost da se bore između onoga što jest i što može biti, to će ih, zapravo, brže približiti vašoj ideji nego da to ne učinite.
So after you've moved back and forth between what is and what could be, the last turning point is a call to action, which every presentation should have, but at the very end. You need to describe the world as a new bliss. "This is utopia with my idea adopted." "This is the way the world is going to look, when we join together and we solve this big problem." You need to use that as your ending, in a very poetic and dramatic way. So, interestingly, when I was done, I was like, "You know what? I could use this as an analysis tool."
Nakon što ste išli od onoga što jest i što može biti, zadnja prekretnica je poziv na djelovanje, koju bi svaka prezentacija trebala imati na kraju. Trebate svijet opisati kao novo blaženstvo. "To je utopija u kojoj je moja ideja prihvaćena." "Ovako će svijet izgledati ako se udružimo i riješimo ovaj veliki problem." Takav poetski i dramatičan način trebate iskoristiti na kraju. Dakle, kada sam završila, pomislila sam, "Znate što? Ovo bih mogla iskoristiti kao sredstvo analize."
I actually transcribe speeches, and I would actually map out, how much they map to this tool. So I want to show you some of that today, and I want to start with the very two people that I used when I first did.
Zapravo sam transkribirala govore i odredila koliko se slažu s ovim alatom. Želim vam to danas pokazati, a želim početi s istih dvoje ljudi s kojima sam i ja počela.
Here's Mr. Jobs, has completely changed the world. Changed the world of personal computing, changed the music industry and now he's on his way to change the mobile device industry. So he's definitely changed the world. And this is the shape of his iPhone launch 2007, when he launched his iPhone.
Ovo je g. Jobs, on je potpuno promijenio svijet. Promijenio je svijet računalstva, glazbenu industriju, a sada će promijeniti i industriju mobilnih telefona. Dakle, zaista je promijenio svijet. Ovo je oblik njegovog govora na predstavljanju iPhonea 2007.g, kada je predstavio iPhone.
It's a 90-minute talk and you can see he starts with what is, traverses back and forth and ends with what could be. So I want to zoom in on this: the white line is him speaking, he's talking. The next color line you'll see popped up there, that's when he cuts to video. So he's adding some variety and he cuts to demo. So it's not just him talking the whole time. And these lines are representative there. And then towards the end you'll see a blue line, which will be the guest speaker.
Govor traje 90 minuta i počinje onime što jest, ide naprijed-natrag i završava s onime što bi moglo biti. Želim nešto ovdje objasniti: bijela crta označava njega kako govori. Sljedeća boja koja će se pojaviti označava kada je pokazao video. Dakle, dodaje nešto i prelazi na demonstraciju. Znači, on ne govori cijelo vrijeme. Te linije se vide ovdje. Prema kraju vidite plavu liniju koja označava gostujućeg govornika.
So this is where it gets kind of interesting: every tick mark here is when he made them laugh. And every tick mark here is when he made them clap. They are so involved physically, they are physically reacting to what he is saying, which is actually fantastic, because then you know you have the audience in your hand. So he kicks off what could be with, "This is a day I've been looking forward to for two and a half years." So he is launching a product that he's known about already for a couple of years. So this is not a new product to him.
Ovdje postaje zanimljivo: svaka kvačica ovdje govori kada ih je nasmijao. Svaka kvačica ovdje govori kada su mu zapljeskali. Toliko su fizički uneseni i fizički reagiraju na to što on govori, što je zapravo fantastično, jer onda znate da vam publika jede iz ruke. Započinje s onime što bi moglo biti, govoreći, "Ovo je dan kojem sam se veselio dvije i pol godine." On predstavlja novi proizvod za koji zna da postoji već nekoliko godina. Dakle, to njemu nije novi proizvod.
But look at this, he does this other thing: he marvels. He marvels at his own product. He marvels himself more than the audience laughs or claps. So he is like, "Isn't this awesome? Isn't this beautiful?" He is modeling for the audience what he wants them to feel. So he is actually doing a job of compelling them to feel a certain way. So he kicks off with what could be with, "Every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything." So he starts to kick in and talk about his new product.
Ali pogledajte ovo. On još nešto radi: on se čudi. Čudi se vlastitom proizvodu. Čudi se sebi više nego što se publika smije ili plješće. Kao da govori "Nije li ovo super? Nije li ovo prekrasno?" Publici govori ono što želi da oni osjećaju. Zapravo ih tjera da se osjećaju na određeni način. Započinje s onime što bi moglo biti, govoreći "Svako malo, pojavi se revolucionarni proizvod koji sve promijeni." Počinje govoriti o svom novom proizvodu.
Now, at the beginning of it, he actually keeps the phone off. You'll see that the line is pretty white up until this point, so he goes off between, "Here's this new phone, and here's the sucky competitors. Here's this new phone, and here's the sucky competitors." And then, right about here, he has the star moment -- and that something we'll always remember. He turns the phone on. The audience sees scrolling for the first time, you can hear the oxygen sucked out of the room. They gasped. You can actually hear it. So he creates a moment that they'll always remember.
Na početku, zapravo, drži mobitel isključenim. Vidite da je linija prilično bijela sve do te točke, tako da on govori, "Ovo je novi telefon, a ovo je loša konkurencija. Ovo je novi telefon, a ovo je loša konkurencija." I onda ovdje, dolazi trenutak slave - i to je nešto što ćemo zauvijek pamtiti. Uključio je telefon. Publika se prvi puta susreće s listanjem, čujete kako sav kisik u prostoriji nestaje. Uzdahnuli su. Zaista to čujete. Dakle, stvorio je trenutak kojeg će se svi sjećati.
So if we move along this model, you can see the blue, where the external speakers are going, and towards the bottom right, the line breaks. That's because his clicker broke. He wants to keep this heightened sense of excitement. He tells a personal story, right there, where the technology didn't work. So he's the master communicator, and he turns to story to keep the audience involved.
Ako nastavimo pratiti dalje, vidite plavu liniju, gdje dolaze vanjski govornici, a prema dolje desno, dolazi do pucanja linije. Zato jer mu se daljinski pokvario. Želi zadržati taj osjećaj uzbuđenja i počinje pričati osobnu priču upravo u trenutku kada tehnologija zakaže. On je izvrstan govornik i okreće se pričama da zadrži interes publike.
So the top right he ends with the new bliss. He leaves them with the promise that Apple will continue to build revolutionary new products. And he says, "There's an old Wayne Gretzky quote that I love: 'I skate to where the puck is going to be, not to where it has been.' We've always tried to do that at Apple since the very beginning and we always will." So he ends with the new bliss.
Gore desno završava s novim blaženstvom. Ostavlja ih s obećanjem da će Apple nastaviti proizvoditi nove revolucionarne proizvode. I kaže: "Ima jedan stari citat Waynea Gretzkyja: 'Kližem u smjeru gdje će pak biti, a ne gdje je bio.' Mi u Apple smo to oduvijek radili, radit ćemo i dalje." Završava s novim blaženstvom.
So let's look at Mr. King. He was an amazing visionary, a clergyman who spent his life working hard for equality. And this is the shape of the "I Have a Dream" speech.
Pogledajmo sada g. Kinga. Bio je veliki vizionar, svećenik koji je život posvetio borbi za jednakost. Ovo je oblik njegovog govora "Imam san".
You can see he starts with what is, moves back and forth between what is and what could be, and ends with a very poetic new bliss, which is the famous part we all know. So I'm going to spread it out a little bit here, stretch it for you, and what I'm doing here is I put the actual transcript there along with the text. I know you can't read it. But at the end of every line break, I broke the line, because he took a breath and he paused.
Vidite da počinje s onime što jest, ide naprijed-natrag, od onoga što jest do što bi bilo i završava veoma poetskim novim blaženstvom koje je dio koji svi znamo. Malo ću ga razvući da bolje vidite i zapravo ću staviti stvarni govor zajedno s tekstom. Ne možete pročitati. No, na kraju svakog reda, prekinula sam liniju zato jer je uzeo zraka i pauzirao.
Now he was a Southern Baptist preacher, most people hadn't heard that, so he had a real cadence and a rhythm that was really new for people there. So I want to cover up these lines of text with a bar because I want to use this bar as an information device here.
Bio je svećenik Južnih baptista, većina nikada nije čula za to, tako da je njegov ritam govora bio nešto novo za sve prisutne. Prekrit ću ove linije teksta, kako bih bolje istaknula određene informacije.
So let's walk through how he actually spoke to the people. The blue bars here are going to be when he used the actual rhetorical device of repetition. So he was repeating himself, he was using the same words and phrases, so people could remember and recall them. But then he also used a lot of metaphors and visual words. This was a way to take really complicated ideas and make them memorable and knowledgeable, so people got it. He actually created very -- almost like scenes with his words to make it so they could envision what he was saying.
Pogledajmo, dakle, kako se obraćao publici. Plave crte označavaju retoričku figuru ponavljanja. Dakle, ponavljao se, koristio iste riječi i fraze kako bi ih ljudi mogli zapamtiti. No, koristio je i mnogo metafora i vizualnih riječi. Na taj način je vrlo kompleksne ideje učinio pamtljivima i ljudi su ih lakše razumijeli. Zapravo je riječima stvorio slike kako bi ljudi mogli zamisliti ono što je govorio.
And then there were also a lot of familiar songs and scriptures that he used. This is just the front end of it that you're seeing. And then he also made a lot of political references of the promises that were made to the people.
Isto tako, koristio se poznatim pjesmama i citatima. Ovdje vidite samo jedan dio toga. Koristio se i političkim referencama na sva obećanja koja su dana narodu.
So if we look at the very first end of what is, at the very end of what is was the very first time that people actually clapped and roared really loud. So the end of what is what he did is he said, "America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked insufficient funds." Well, everyone knows what it's like to not have money in your account. So he used the metaphor people were very familiar with. But when they really charged up, the very first time they really screamed was: "So we have come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice." That's when they really clapped. It was when he compared what currently is to what could be.
Ako pogledamo na kraj onoga što jest, to je bilo prvi puta da su ljudi glasno pljeskali i vikali. Na kraju onoga što jest rekao je, "Amerika je Afroamerikancima dala nevaljali ček, ček koji nam se vratio označen s "nedostatak sredstava." Svi znamo kako je to kada nemate novaca na računu. Zato je iskoristio metaforu koja je poznata ljudima. Ali, kada su zaista reagirali, prvi puta kada su vikali, bilo je u trenutku: "Došli smo unovčiti taj ček, ček koji će nam dati bogatstvo slobode i jednakost pred zakonom." Tada su zapljeskali. Tek kada je usporedio ono što jest s onime što bi moglo biti.
So when we move along a little farther in the model, you'll see it goes back and forth at a more frenzied pace. And this is when he goes back and forth, and back and forth. Now the audience was in a frenzy. They were all excited, and so you can actually do this to keep them in a heightened sense of excitement. So he says, "I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the meaning of its creed. 'We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.'" So he uses the little orange text there to remind them of the promise that the politicians had made to him or that this country had made. Then he moves back and forth between "I have a dream that one day, I have a dream that one day, I have a dream that one day," and at the end, it gets really interesting. Because he uses -- you can look at the four shades of green, there's a lot of blue there, which was a lot of repetition -- he had a heightened sense of repetition.
Dakle, kada pogledamo dalje, primijetit ćete da se to događa sve češće. Tada i govor ide naprijed-natrag. Publika je bila divlja. Bili su veoma uzbuđeni i na ovaj način ih, zapravo, držite u tom stanju konstantnog uzbuđenja. On kaže, "Imam san da će se jednog dana ova zemlja podići i početi živjeti svoju vjeru. Smatramo da je očito da su svi ljudi rođeni jednaki." Koristi taj narančasti tekst kako bi ih podsjetio na obećanje koje su im dali političari ili ova država. Zatim ide naprijed-natrag između "Imam san da će jednog dana, imam san da će jednog dana, imam san da će jednog dana," a na kraju postaje stvarno zanimljivo. Koristi se - vidite ovdje četiri nijanse zelene, ima puno plavog, što znači puno ponavljanja, vrlo se često ponavljao.
And the green was a heightened sense of songs and scriptures. So the first batch of green was the actual scripture from the Book of Isaiah. The second batch of green was "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." Now, that's a familiar song that was specifically very significant for the black people at the time, because this song was the song they chose to change the words to as an outcry, saying that promises had not been kept. So the third batch of green was actually a stanza from "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." And then the fourth was a Negro spiritual. "Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, I'm free at last!"
A zeleno označava trenutke kada je spominjao pjesme i Sveto pismo. Prva zelena skupina označava citate iz Knjige Izaije. Druga zelena skupina označava pjesmu "Moja domovino, ovo o tebi." To je poznata pjesma koja je u to vrijeme bila jako važna za sve Afroamerikance, zato jer su odlučili promijeniti riječi te pjesme kako bi ukazali da obećanja nisu ispunjena. Dakle, treća skupina zelenog predstavlja kiticu pjesme "Moja domovino, ovo o tebi." Zadnja skupina je afroamerička duhovna pjesma. "Konačno slobodan! Konačno slobodan! Hvala Bogu, konačno slobodan!"
So what he did is he actually reached inside of the hearts of the audience. He pulled from scriptures, which is important. He pulled from songs that they'd sung together as an outcry against this outrage, and he used those as a device to connect and resonate with the audience. Ending -- painting a picture of this new bliss, using the very things inside of them that they already held as sacred.
Zapravo je dodirnuo srca publike. Važno je to što je citirao Sveto pismo. Koristio je pjesme koje su zajedno pjevali kao otpor kršenju zakona i to je iskoristio tako da se poveže s publikom i ostavi dojam. Kraj - predstavlja novo blaženstvo koristeći se istim stvarima koje oni već smatraju svetima.
So he was a great man. He had a big, big dream. There's a lot of people here, you guys have really big dreams. You have really big ideas inside of you that you need to get out. But you know what? We encounter hardships. It's not easy to change the world; it's a big job. You know he was -- his house was bombed, he was stabbed with a letter opener, ultimately, he lost his life, you know, for what he cared about. But a lot of us aren't going to be required to pay that kind of sacrifice. But what happens is that it basically is a little bit like that basic story structure. Life can be like that.
Dakle, bio je veliki čovjek. Imao je veliki, veliki san. Ovdje je puno ljudi. Vi imate zaista velike snove. U vama se nalaze velike ideje koje trebate izbaciti. Ali znate što? Nije nam lako. Nije lako promijeniti svijet, to je veliki posao. Bio je - bombardirali su mu kuću, uboli ga nožem, na kraju je i izgubio život za ono do čega mu je bilo stalo. Većina nas neće morati podnijeti takve žrtve. No, stvar je u tome da to stvarno izgleda kao osnovna struktura priče. Život može tako izgledati.
You know, you guys are all likable people, you have a desire, you encounter roadblocks, and we stop there. We're just like, you know, "I had this idea, but I'm not going to put it out there. It's been rejected." You know, we self-sabotage our own ideas, we just butt up against the roadblocks and butt up against the roadblocks instead of choosing to let the struggle transform us and choosing to go ahead and have a dream and make it real. And you know, if anyone -- if I can do this, anybody can do this.
Vi ste svi simpatični ljudi, imate želje, nailazite na prepreke i tu zastanemo. Mislimo "Imao sam ideju, ali je neću izbaciti van. Nije prihvaćena." Sami sabotiramo svoje ideje, samo se nakupljamo ispred prepreka umjesto da dopustimo da nas te teškoće promijene i da odaberemo ići naprijed, imati san i ostvariti ga. Znate, ako bilo tko - ako ja to mogu, svi to mogu.
I was raised in an economically and emotionally starved environment. First time I got to go to a camp with my sister, I was abused. Wasn't the first time I was abused, it was just the most aggressive. And my mom and dad -- they married each other three times,
Odrasla sam u teškim ekonomskim i emocionalnim uvjetima. Prvi puta kada sam sa sestrom otišla na kampiranje, bila sam žrtva nasilja. To nije bio prvi put da sam zlostavljana, ali je bio najagresivniji. A moji roditelji - ženili su se tri puta.
(Audience murmurs)
(Žamor iz publike)
Yeah, that was tumultuous, and when they weren't fighting they were helping sober up some alcoholic that was living with us because they were both sober alcoholics. So my mom abandoned us when I was sixteen years old. And I took on a role of caretaker of my home and of my siblings. And I married. I met a man. Fell in love. I went to a year of college. I did what every single, bright, young girl should do -- I got married when I was eighteen years old.
Da, bilo je tu svega, a kada se nisu svađali, pomagali su nekom pijancu koji je živio s nama da ostane trijezan jer su oboje bili trijezni alkoholičari. Majka je otišla kada sam imala šesnaest godina. Tada sam preuzela brigu o kući i svojoj braći. I udala sam se. Upoznala sam nekoga. Zaljubila se. Godinu dana sam studirala. Učinila sam što bi svaka mlada, pametna cura trebala - udala sam se s 18 godina.
And you know what? I knew, I knew that I was born for more than this. And right at the point in the story of my life I had a choice. I could let all these things push me down and I could let all my ideas die inside of me. I could just say, you know, life is too hard to change the world. It's just too tough. But I chose a different story for my life.
I znate što? Znala sam, znala sam da sam rođena za nešto više od toga. U tom trenutku, u mojoj životnoj priči imala sam izbor. Mogla sam dopustiti da me sve to povuče na dno i da sve moje ideje umru u meni. Mogla sam reći, život je pretežak za mijenjanje svijeta. Jednostavno je preteško. Ali odabrala sam nešto drugo.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
Don't you know it? And so I feel like there's people in this room -- you got those little Suavitos baking spices and you're just like, "You know, It's not that big a deal." "It's really not the whole world I can change." But you know, you can change your world. You can change your life. You can change the world that you have control over, you can change your sphere. I want to encourage you to do that. Because you know what? The future isn't a place that we're going to go. It's a place that you get to create.
Ne znate što? Zato osjećam da ovdje ima ljudi - imate one male Suavitos začine za hranu i mislite, "Znate, nije to toliko strašno." "Ne mogu promijeniti cijeli svijet." Ali možete promijeniti svoj svijet. Promijeniti svoj život. Možete promijeniti svijet kojim upravljate, možete promijeniti svoju okolinu. Želim vas potaknuti da to učinite. Jer znate što? Budućnost nije mjesto u koje idemo. To je mjesto koje vi stvorite.
I want to thank you. Bless you. God bless you.
Hvala vam svima. Bog vas blagoslovio.
(Applause)
(Pljesak)