Chris Anderson: A year go at global Countdown's virtual launch,
克里斯·安德森:一年前,
Monica Araya, who, among many other things, is a distinguished fellow at the ClimateWorks Foundation, she shared news of a campaign to take on the massive emissions from the world's cars, trucks and buses, etc. And we have an exciting update that we want to share with you. Monica, welcome here to the Countdown stage.
在「倒數」的全球虛擬發表會上, 莫妮卡·艾拉亞 有許多角色,包括 氣候工作基金會的傑出會員, 她帶來了關於一個活動的消息, 旨在對抗 全世界汽車、卡車、 公車的大量排放。 現在有很讓人興奮的 新消息要跟大家分享。
Monica Araya: Thank you. It's so great to be here, and so great to see you in person.
莫妮卡,歡迎來到「倒數」的舞台。 莫妮卡:謝謝。很高興 能來這裡和你親自見面。
(Applause)
(掌聲)
CA: So look, you're up against a vast industry. I mean, there are more than a billion polluting vehicles out there. How on Earth can you attempt system change at that scale?
克里斯:你在對抗的是龐大的產業。 世界上有至少十億台 會造成污染的車輛。 你要如何嘗試做這麼 大規模的制度變革?
MA: Well, that is the point that, because of the scale and because of the speed that we need to inject into this transformation, we have to work with all the levers of change simultaneously. That's the key point.
莫妮卡:那就是重點, 因為那樣的規模, 因為那樣的速度, 要能和這個變革能夠結合, 我們得要同時整合所有的變革手段。 那就是重點。
So, cities, we have to engage with cities. That's great. Not enough. We have to engage with politicians. We have to engage with the companies themselves. We have to create business coalitions. And we also have to empower citizens so that they play their act. Ultimately, we know that we have to create political space for stricter regulations for policy. So that is something we are doing right now.
所以,城市, 我們得和城市連結。 那很棒。還不夠。 我們得和政治人物連結。 我們得和企業本身連結。 我們得創造商業聯盟。 我們也得賦權給公民, 讓他們盡他們的心力。 最終,我們得要創造出政治空間, 針對政策做更嚴格的規定。 那正是我們目前在做的。
CA: In a sense, these aren't separate initiatives. They all build on each other?
克里斯:在某種意義上, 這些計畫不是分開的。 它們建立在彼此之上?
MA: Exactly. So think about an automaker. Maybe we have some in the room. So you're not going to give up your profits just like this. But. If you hear that so many cities start saying no more petrol and diesel cars are going to circulate in our streets; and you hear the politicians saying that life is going to get more difficult for fossil fuels; and you turn on the TV and you see millions of people saying, you know, we’re angry about the products that you’re making; and you look at the demand and you look at companies that are saying, "You know what? We're switching. It's working. We're saving money." Then you have to act.
莫妮卡:沒錯。 以汽車製造業者為例。 也許在座就有。 你不可能就這樣放棄你的利潤。 但, 如果你聽到許多城市都開始說 我們的街上不會再有 汽油車和柴油車行駛; 聽到政治人物說 化石燃料將來的日子會很辛苦; 且,打開電視,你看到 數百萬人在說,我們對你 製造的產品感到憤怒; 你看著需求, 公司也說:「你知道嗎? 我們決定要換了, 行得通,我們能省到錢。」 那麼,你就得採取行動了。
CA: But how could you take on all these agendas at once?
克里斯:但你要如何 一次做這麼多計畫?
MA: That's the point. You can't do just one thing, or you can't just expect one single organization to do this. So this is the exciting news. A group of over 70 -- seven, zero -- organizations are coming together, creating a coalition, a global campaign, we call it Drive Electric, and it's already shaking things up.
莫妮卡:那就是重點了, 不能只做一件事,也不能期待 單一個組織會去做這些。 這是個讓人興奮的消息。 總共超過七十個——70—— 組織要集結起來, 組成一個聯盟,一個全球性的活動, 我們稱它為「駕駛電動」, 且它已經開始有影響力了。
CA: How so?
克里斯:怎麼說?
MA: Well, the best thing would be to give you one example from this year. So partners of this coalition have done an amazing job persuading the European Commission to propose that after 2035, there will be no more sales of petrol and diesel cars. And this alone was unthinkable two years ago.
莫妮卡:最好用今年的例子來說明。 這個聯盟的合作夥伴 做到很不簡單的事, 說服了歐洲聯盟委員會 提出要做到 在 2035 年之後 不會再銷售汽油車和柴油車。 光這一點,在兩年前 就完全無法想像。
And even though I mentioned in Europe, the progress is happening from China to California, everything in between, including the small countries.
雖然我提到的是歐洲, 其實從中國到加州 之間各地都有進展, 連小國家都包括在內。
CA: So Monica, what’s the overall goal of the Drive Electric campaign?
克里斯:莫妮卡,「駕駛電動」 活動的總體目標是什麼?
MA: Well, we have to persuade the world to do exactly what I just mentioned, and actually in some cities and some countries, you can actually go faster. And the point is that we need to set these timelines, make it normal, you know. Say, after this year, say, 2035, we're not going to sell more petrol and diesel cars. And now our campaign works with all segments. So we say, buses 2030, trucks 2040. And if we want to get there, if we say we have to be here by 2035, then the next five years are so critical. So that is what we have to achieve. You know, we have to get to these mark and tipping point.
莫妮卡:我們得說服全世界 去做我剛才提到的事, 且某些城市及某些國家 進行的速度可以更快。 重點是我們要把時間表訂出來, 讓它變成常態。 比如,今年之後, 比如,2035 年, 我們不會再銷售汽油車和柴油車。 現在我們的活動和各領域都有合作。 我們會說,公車的目標,2030 年, 卡車的目標,2040 年。 如果我們想要達到目標, 如果我們想要 在 2035 年做到這樣, 接下來的五年就非常關鍵。 這是我們要去達成的, 我們得做到這些 成果和轉折點。
CA: But just to play devil's advocate there.
克里斯:讓我唱一下反調。 莫妮卡:我知道你喜歡這樣。
MA: I know you like to do that.
克里斯:你知道的。 莫妮卡:沒關係。
CA: Well, you know. MA: It's OK.
CA: Wouldn't some people say that actually were kind of already at that tipping point? And that in a sense, the move to electrification is already inevitable?
克里斯:不會有些人說, 我們已經在轉折點了嗎? 在某種層面上, 走向電動化是必然的?
MA: Thank you, because that's a very important question. You know, it reflects that we're making progress, and that's a good thing. So somebody could say, well, you know, let's take Tesla, you know, super pioneering, deserves a lot of credit. And yet if we look at our partners, early on, they advocated the very policies to promote early adoption of electric vehicles. So timing is everything. We cannot waste any time. So if you look at the progress we’re making, yes, it’s there, and yet, only one percent of the global stock of cars and trucks is electric right now. So we have to keep that in mind and also, you know, coming from a developing country myself, Costa Rica, as you know, I would not say that in the global South, this is already inevitable. In fact, when you look at some industry projections, you still find that at least some companies see a lot of fossil fuel cars in their future up to 2050.
莫妮卡:謝謝你,因為 這是個非常重要的問題。 它反映出我們有所進展, 那是好事。 有人可能會說,嗯, 以特斯拉為例,超級有開創性, 很多功勞要歸它。 但,如果看看我們的合作夥伴, 早期, 他們擁護政策, 推動早期電動車的採用。 時間點就是一切。 我們不能浪費任何時間。 所以,如果要說我們的進展, 是的,的確有, 然而目前全球的 汽車和卡車當中只有 1% 是電動車。 我們不能忘了這一點,且, 我自己來自開發中國家, 哥斯大黎加, 我不會說在南營(開發中國家) 這個趨勢是必然的。 其實從某些產業的預測數字來看, 仍然會發現至少有一些公司認為 2050 年之前它們的未來 仍然需要很多化石燃料汽車。
CA: OK, so if that's still happening in 2050, we're screwed. So the goal of the campaign is basically to accelerate that by how much?
克里斯:如果 2050 年 還這樣,我們就完了。 所以,活動在這方面的目標 是加速到什麼程度?
MA: So here's the point. The campaign in the next year is going to accelerate this 20 years, Twenty years, make it happen faster. And we calculate that -- I know you like the numbers --
莫妮卡:重點來了。 明年的活動會把時程加速二十年, 提早二十年實現。 我們計算—— 我知道你喜歡數據——(克里斯笑)
(CA laughs)
我們計算出,
So we calculate that doing that faster will save the planet 160 gigatons of CO2 equivalent.
若能加快二十年,能幫地球省下 一千六百億公噸的二氧化碳當量。
CA: Wow. 160 billion tons of CO2. On my maths, that's more than three years' worth of humanity's entire emissions, excess emissions. So that's a huge, huge number.
克里斯:哇。一千六百億 公噸的二氧化碳 照我算起來,就是 超過全人類三年的 總排放量,超額排放量。 那是個很大的數字。
But, look, you're up against industries that are, you know, getting trillions of dollars of revenue annually. How can your coalition possibly take that on?
但,你在對抗的 這些產業 每年的收益就有數兆美金。 你的聯盟怎麼對付得了?
MA: Well, there is opposition, and the more progress we make, the more the opposition gets activated. So that's why we're saying Drive Electric is the most ambitious coalition and campaign in our space ever undertaken. And what we need to make sure is that we grow it, we grow the partners and we secure funding for what they do because they are playing a key role in their geographies, playing all these levers. So we have to make sure they get the resources to work on the ground.
莫妮卡:有反對聲浪, 隨著我們有越多進展, 就會啟動更多反對聲浪。 所以, 這就是為什麼我們說 「駕駛電動」是最有野心的 聯盟和活動, 在我們的領域前所未見。 我們必須要確保能夠讓它成長, 讓合作夥伴成長,取得資金 供他們使用,因為他們在扮演…… 在他們所屬的地區扮演關鍵角色, 有重要的作用,所以我們 要確保他們能取得資源, 在第一線努力。
CA: So you’re raising money, not just for ClimateWorks but for all of these partners.
克里斯:所以募款不只為了 「氣候工作」,也為了合作夥伴。 莫妮卡:沒錯。 克里斯:要多少錢?
MA: Yes.
CA: How much is it going to take?
莫妮卡:接下來的五年 大概需要十億美金。
MA: For the next five years, roughly one billion dollars.
CA: I mean, Monica, as you know, when I when first heard that number, I said, “No way.” I mean, you're looking for this from philanthropists. There's no precedent for that. And yet this is kind of where the exciting news comes in, because ... Drive Electric and TED and Countdown and a coalition of visionary donors called the Audacious Project have been working together on this, and just a few weeks ago, something kind of amazing happened. We were able to secure a commitment from them for how much?
克里斯:莫妮卡,你知道,當我 初次聽到那個數字, 我說:「不可能。」 你想向慈善家募到這樣的金額。 史無前例。 但,此時就該來說個 讓人興奮的消息了, 因為…… 「駕駛電動」和 TED 以及「倒數」,還有…… 一個有遠見的捐贈者聯盟 叫做「大膽計畫」, 一直合作致力於此,幾週前, 發生了驚人的事。 我們取得了 一個捐贈承諾,金額是多少?
MA: 300 million dollars.
莫妮卡:三億美金。
(Applause)
(掌聲)
CA: This was really exciting, and it builds on a couple hundred million already committed by the founding donors of Drive Electric, so that we're already over halfway to your billion-dollar goal, right? So how is this? How does this feel? Where are you now?
克里斯:這好讓人興奮,且還要加上 「駕駛電動」的發起捐贈者 已經承諾的幾億美金, 所以你的十億美金目標已經 達到超過一半了,對嗎? 所以如何?感覺如何? 你現在有什麼感覺?
MA: It's electrifying.
莫妮卡:像通電一樣令人振奮。
(Laughter)
(笑聲)
But I mean, I know there partners are here, I can see where they are sitting, from foundations, I’m sure Anthony’s somewhere here. We are so excited because we have come to a point where we know this campaign is unstoppable. And in short, you know, we are going to make sure that all of this gets translated into all these strategies that we have to deploy in the key geographies. And, think about the fact that this is happening just as we move to COP. So that is also very good news.
但,我知道有合作夥伴在這裡, 我能看到他們坐在哪裡, 有來自基金會的人, 我相信安東尼在這裡的某處。 我們很興奮,因為 到了此刻 我們已經知道這個活動無人能擋。 簡言之, 我們要確保所有這些錢都會被轉換 成為所有這些 在關鍵地區必須要執行的策略, 想想看,發生此事的同時 我們也在朝巴黎氣候會議邁進。 這是非常好的消息。
CA: And everyone in this room can actually play a part. Or indeed, if you're watching online. If you live in a city, please advocate to create and expand a green zone where only electric vehicles are welcome. If you work in government, raise your level of ambition. Ignore the fossilized lobbyists. This is a winning political issue for you.
克里斯:且在這裡的 每個人都可以參與。 或者,如果你在線上觀看, 如果你住在城市裡, 請擁護「綠區」的建立和擴展, 也就是只歡迎電動車的區域。 如果你在政府工作, 把你的野心再提升一點。 別理會遊說使用化石燃料的說客。 這是能讓你獲勝的政治議題。
MA: If you are a citizen, consider not buying an internal-combustion car. And why not share it? Share it with friends, share it in your social media. If you are a creative, if you are an influencer, if you're an artist, help us. We need to find new and better ways of telling the story.
莫妮卡:如果你是公民, 考慮不要購買用內燃機的汽車。 為什麼不分享這些資訊? 和朋友分享, 在你的社群媒體上分享。 如果你是創作者, 如果你是網紅,如果你是藝術家, 幫幫我們,我們得要找到 新的、更好的方式來說故事。
CA: And finally, if you work for a company that makes or uses cars, trucks, motorized vehicles of any kind, do what you can to urge them to get on the right side of history.
克里斯:最後,如果僱用你的公司 製造或使用汽車、卡車, 任何一種的用發動機的車輛, 盡你所能,慫恿他們 要站在歷史上對的那一邊。
I mean, Monica, what do you think, can we actually do this?
莫妮卡,你覺得呢?我們能做到嗎?
MA: Yes, we have to work together, go faster.
莫妮卡:能,我們得要
And let me finish by saying this. This campaign is about changing transportation, with all the benefits that that brings to people and the planet. And yet, it is also about showing how systems change works in practice and making sure it happens everywhere else. So let's do it.
同心協力,加快速度。 讓我用這段話作結。 這個活動的重點是 要改變交通運輸, 對人類以及對地球有許多益處。 但, 這個活動也是在呈現在現實中 體制的改變會如何運作, 並確保在其他地方 也能實現。咱們來做吧!
CA: Thank you, Monica. Thank you, everyone. (Applause)
克里斯:謝謝莫妮卡。也謝謝大家。 (掌聲)