I would like to talk to you about a story about a small town kid. I don't know his name, but I do know his story. He lives in a small village in southern Somalia. His village is near Mogadishu. Drought drives the small village into poverty and to the brink of starvation. With nothing left for him there, he leaves for the big city, in this case, Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. When he arrives, there are no opportunities, no jobs, no way forward. He ends up living in a tent city on the outskirts of Mogadishu. Maybe a year passes, nothing. One day, he's approached by a gentleman who offers to take him to lunch, then to dinner, to breakfast. He meets this dynamic group of people, and they give him a break. He's given a bit of money to buy himself some new clothes, money to send back home to his family. He is introduced to this young woman. He eventually gets married. He starts this new life. He has a purpose in life.
我想跟大家讲一个故事 是关于一个小镇孩子的 我不知道他的名字,但我知道他的故事 他住在索马里南部的一个小村庄里 这个村庄离首都摩加迪休很近 这个小村庄因为干旱所以一直很贫穷 人民食不果腹 留在那里实在没什么出路 所以他去了大城市 在这个故事里,索马里的首都摩加迪休,就是大城市 他刚到的时候,没有什么机遇 没工作,没前途 最后只能住在帐篷城里 就在摩加迪休的郊外 大概一年过去了,也还是一无所有 有一天,他遇到一个贵人 贵人带他去吃了午餐 还有晚餐和早餐 他接触了一帮很有活力的人 然后他也得到了休息 他还得到一些钱 可以给自己买新衣服 可以给自己老家寄钱 有人给他介绍了个年轻的姑娘 然后他们结婚了 他开始了新的生活 他的生活也有了目标
One beautiful day in Mogadishu, under an azure blue sky, a car bomb goes off. That small town kid with the big city dreams was the suicide bomber, and that dynamic group of people were al Shabaab, a terrorist organization linked to al Qaeda.
在摩加迪休的某一天 在碧蓝的天空下 发生了一场汽车炸弹事件 这个有着城市梦的小镇男孩 就是那个人体炸弹 而当初那帮充满活力的人 都是"青年党",一个和基地组织有联系的 恐怖组织
So how does the story of a small town kid just trying to make it big in the city end up with him blowing himself up? He was waiting. He was waiting for an opportunity, waiting to begin his future, waiting for a way forward, and this was the first thing that came along. This was the first thing that pulled him out of what we call waithood.
这个小镇男孩 只是想去城市闯一闯 为什么他的故事是以自杀式袭击为结尾呢? 他其实在等待 他在等待一个机会 等待开启他的未来 等待一条可以往前走的路 而这是他一路走来的第一次遭遇 这是将他从等待成年期中解脱出来的 第一次遭遇
And his story repeats itself in urban centers around the world. It is the story of the disenfranchised, unemployed urban youth who sparks riots in Johannesburg, sparks riots in London, who reaches out for something other than waithood. For young people, the promise of the city, the big city dream is that of opportunity, of jobs, of wealth, but young people are not sharing in the prosperity of their cities. Often it's youth who suffer from the highest unemployment rates. By 2030, three out of five people living in cities will be under the age of 18. If we do not include young people in the growth of our cities, if we do not provide them opportunities, the story of waithood, the gateway to terrorism, to violence, to gangs, will be the story of cities 2.0. And in my city of birth, Mogadishu, 70 percent of young people suffer from unemployment. 70 percent don't work, don't go to school. They pretty much do nothing.
而他的故事还在重复着 在世界不同的市中心 这是一个关于被剥夺权利的, 失业城市青年的故事。 他们在约翰尼斯堡发起暴动 在伦敦发起暴动 他们想得到等待成年期之外的东西 对于年轻人,城市带来的希望 大城市梦,就意味着机遇 工作,财富 但年轻人并没有享受到他们所在城市的繁荣 更多的,是年轻人在忍受着最高的失业率 到2030年,五个住在城市里的人,就有三个 是属于18岁以下的人群 如果我们在城市的发展中 不把年轻人考虑在内的话 如果我们不给他们提供机会的话 等待成年期的这个故事 踏入恐怖主义,暴力和帮派这些雷池 将是未来城市的主题 在我出生的城市,摩加迪休 70%的人处于失业状态 70%没有工作 没有书读 基本无所事事
I went back to Mogadishu last month, and I went to visit Madina Hospital, the hospital I was born in. I remember standing in front of that bullet-ridden hospital thinking, what if I had never left? What if I had been forced into that same state of waithood? Would I have become a terrorist? I'm not really sure about the answer.
上个月我回了一趟摩加迪休 然后我走访了玛迪娜医院 那家我出生的医院 我记得我站在那个满是弹眼的医院前面 我不禁思考 如果我没有离开的话会是怎样? 如果我也无奈地处于 同样的等待成年期呢? 我会成为一名恐怖分子吗? 这答案我还真说不准
My reason for being in Mogadishu that month was actually to host a youth leadership and entrepreneurship summit. I brought together about 90 young Somali leaders. We sat down and brainstormed on solutions to the biggest challenges facing their city.
上个月我回摩加迪休的原因 其实是去举办一场 青年领导力和创业学的峰会 我带了约90名索马里来的领导 我们坐下来一起集思广益 想办法解决城市面临的最大难题
One of the young men in the room was Aden. He went to university in Mogadishu, graduated. There were no jobs, no opportunities. I remember him telling me, because he was a college graduate, unemployed, frustrated, that he was the perfect target for al Shabaab and other terrorist organizations, to be recruited. They sought people like him out.
其中一个在房间里的年轻人叫Aden 他在摩加迪休上了大学,之后毕业 当时没有工作也没有什么机会 我记得他告诉我 因为他是大学毕业生 没工作,很沮丧 算是“青年党”的理想人选 也是其他恐怖组织想招募的人 那些人专门寻找像他一样的人
But his story takes a different route. In Mogadishu, the biggest barrier to getting from point A to point B are the roads. Twenty-three years of civil war have completely destroyed the road system, and a motorbike can be the easiest way to get around. Aden saw an opportunity and seized it. He started a motorbike company. He began renting out motorbikes to local residents who couldn't normally afford them. He bought 10 bikes, with the help of family and friends, and his dream is to eventually expand to several hundred within the next three years.
但他的故事,则是另外一个版本 在摩加迪休,从A地到B地 最大的障碍就是马路 23年的内战 已经完全把道路系统给摧毁了 而此时,摩托车则成了 最便捷的工具 Aden发现了机遇并牢牢抓住它 他开了一家摩托车公司 开始出租摩托车 租给当地那些买不起摩托车的人 在亲朋好友的帮助下 他买了10辆 他最终的梦想 是在接下来的三年内扩展到数百辆
How is this story different? What makes his story different? I believe it is his ability to identify and seize a new opportunity. It's entrepreneurship, and I believe entrepreneurship can be the most powerful tool against waithood. It empowers young people to be the creators of the very economic opportunities they are so desperately seeking.
他的故事是如何不同的呢? 是什么使之不同? 我相信是他的发现机遇 并善于把握机遇的能力 这就是企业家精神 并且我相信企业家精神 是对付等待成年期最有效的工具 他激励着年轻人 成为他们一直拼命在寻找的 经济机遇的创造者
And you can train young people to be entrepreneurs. I want to talk to you about a young man who attended one of my meetings, Mohamed Mohamoud, a florist. He was helping me train some of the young people at the summit in entrepreneurship and how to be innovative and how to create a culture of entrepreneurship. He's actually the first florist Mogadishu has seen in over 22 years, and until recently, until Mohamed came along, if you wanted flowers at your wedding, you used plastic bouquets shipped from abroad. If you asked someone, "When was the last time you saw fresh flowers?" for many who grew up under civil war, the answer would be, "Never."
你也能把年轻人训练成企业家 我想跟大家介绍一个年轻人 他曾参加我我举办的一个会议 他叫Mohamed Mohamoud,是一名花商 他在帮我培训在创业峰会上 的一部分年轻人 培养他们如何创新 如何营造创业文化 他其实是摩加迪休在过去22年里 的第一位花商 直到Mohamed来了,他是直到最近才有的花商 在过去如果你想在你的婚礼上摆上鲜花 你得用塑料花束 而且还得从海外进口 如果你问别人 “你上次见到鲜花是什么时候?” 对于很多出生在内战时期的人 他们的答案将会是,“从没见过。”
So Mohamed saw an opportunity. He started a landscaping and design floral company. He created a farm right outside of Mogadishu, and started growing tulips and lilies, which he said could survive the harsh Mogadishu climate. And he began delivering flowers to weddings, creating gardens at homes and businesses around the city, and he's now working on creating Mogadishu's first public park in 22 years. There's no public park in Mogadishu. He wants to create a space where families, young people, can come together, and, as he says, smell the proverbial roses. And he doesn't grow roses because they use too much water, by the way.
所以Mohamed从中发现了机遇 他创立了一个园林绿化和花卉设计的公司 他在摩加迪休外开辟了一片农田 他开始种植郁金香和百合花 据他说这些花 能熬过摩加迪休恶劣的气候 然后他开始往婚礼上送花 建立家庭式花园 在城里的生意也忙碌起来 现在他正忙于建立 摩加迪休22年来的首个市民公园 目前在摩加迪休是没有市民公园的 他想创立一个空间给家庭 年轻人,能一起到这儿来 就像他说的,来感受玫瑰的花香和启迪 顺便说下,他之所以不种植玫瑰 是因为它们需要很多水分
So the first step is to inspire young people, and in that room, Mohamed's presence had a really profound impact on the youth in that room. They had never really thought about starting up a business. They've thought about working for an NGO, working for the government, but his story, his innovation, really had a strong impact on them. He forced them to look at their city as a place of opportunity. He empowered them to believe that they could be entrepreneurs, that they could be change makers. By the end of the day, they were coming up with innovative solutions to some of the biggest challenges facing their city. They came up with entrepreneurial solutions to local problems.
所以第一步就是要鼓舞年轻人 所以在那个房间里,Mohamed的出席 对在座的年轻人影响非常深 他们从没想过能创业 他们想过为民间组织工作 为政府工作 但在这个故事里,他的创新 对那些年轻人的影响非常大 他使得那些年轻人用机遇之地 重新看待这座城市 他使得他们相信他们也能成为企业家 也能成为改变世界的人 那一天结束之前,他们想出了 新颖的解决办法 解决这个城市目前一些最为棘手的问题 他们想出了企业式的解决方法 对付当地的问题
So inspiring young people and creating a culture of entrepreneurship is a really great step, but young people need capital to make their ideas a reality. They need expertise and mentorship to guide them in developing and launching their businesses. Connect young people with the resources they need, provide them the support they need to go from ideation to creation, and you will create catalysts for urban growth.
所以激励年轻人 创造企业文化 是很大的一步跨越 但年轻人需要资金 来实现他们的想法 他们需要专业知识和导师指导 带领他们发展和启动他们的商业 为年轻人提供他们需要的资源 为他们提供需要的支持,帮助他们从构思转变到创造 你就等同于为城市发展创造催化剂
For me, entrepreneurship is more than just starting up a business. It's about creating a social impact. Mohamed is not simply selling flowers. I believe he is selling hope. His Peace Park, and that's what he calls it, when it's created, will actually transform the way people see their city. Aden hired street kids to help rent out and maintain those bikes for him. He gave them the opportunity to escape the paralysis of waithood. These young entrepreneurs are having a tremendous impact in their cities.
对我来说,企业家精神不仅仅是 开启商业 它还包括创造社会影响 Mohamed不单是在卖花 我相信他也是在销售希望 他的和平公园,名字是他取的 当它建立之时,将会真正意义上 改变人们对这座城市的看法 Aden雇佣街边的孩童帮他出租 也帮他维护那些摩托车 他给了他们机会去挣脱 去挣脱等待成年期的无奈 这些年轻的企业家 都对他们的城市有着深远的影响
So my suggestion is, turn youth into entrepreneurs, incubate and nurture their inherent innovation, and you will have more stories of flowers and Peace Parks than of car bombs and waithood.
所以我的建议是 带动更多年轻人成为企业家 培养发展他们内在的创新精神 那么就会有更多花和和平公园的故事出现 而不是那些汽车炸弹和等待成年期的故事
Thank you.
谢谢
(Applause)
(掌声)