What do Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo all have in common with the heroes of ancient myths? (Roar) What if I told you they are all variants of the same hero? Do you believe that? Joseph Campbell did. He studied myths from all over the world and published a book called "The Hero with a Thousand Faces," retelling dozens of stories and explaining how each represents the mono-myth, or Hero's Journey.
Apa kesamaan Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, dan Frodo dengan pahlawan dalam mitologi kuno? (Auman) Bagaimana jika mereka adalah pahlawan yang sama dalam versi yang berbeda? Bisakah kau percaya? Joseph Campbell percaya. Ia mempelajari mitos seluruh dunia dan menerbitkan buku berjudul "Pahlawan dengan Seribu Wajah," menceritakan kembali puluhan cerita dan menjelaskan bagaimana setiap cerita mewakili mono-mitos, atau Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan.
So, what is the "hero's journey"?
Jadi, apa itu "Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan"?
Think of it as a cycle. The journey begins and ends in a hero's ordinary world, but the quest passes through an unfamiliar, special world. Along the way, there are some key events. Think about your favorite book or movie. Does it follow this pattern?
Bayangkan seperti siklus. Perjalanan dimulai dan diakhiri di dunia normal sang pahlawan, namun misinya akan melewati sebuah dunia ajaib dan aneh. Sepanjang jalan, akan ditemukan kejadian inti. Ingat kembali film dan buku favoritmu. Apakah ceritanya mengikuti pola tersebut?
Status quo, that's where we start. 1:00: Call to Adventure. The hero receives a mysterious message. An invitation, a challenge? 2:00: Assistance The hero needs some help, probably from someone older, wiser. 3:00: Departure The hero crosses the threshold from his normal, safe home, and enters the special world and adventure. We're not in Kansas anymore. 4:00: Trials Being a hero is hard work: our hero solves a riddle, slays a monster, escapes from a trap. 5:00: Approach It's time to face the biggest ordeal, the hero's worst fear. (Roar) 6:00: Crisis This is the hero's darkest hour. He faces death and possibly even dies, only to be reborn. 7:00: Treasure (Roar) As a result, the hero claims some treasure, special recognition, or power. 8:00: Result This can vary between stories. Do the monsters bow down before the hero, or do they chase him as he flees from the special world? 9:00: Return After all that adventure, the hero returns to his ordinary world. 10:00: New Life This quest has changed the hero; he has outgrown his old life. 11:00: Resolution All the tangled plot lines get straightened out. 12:00: Status Quo, but upgraded to a new level. Nothing is quite the same once you are a hero.
Status quo, di situ kita memulainya. Pukul 1, Panggilan menuju Petualangan. Pahlawan menerima pesan misterius. Undangan, tantangan? Pukul 2, Bantuan Sang pahlawan mungkin butuh bantuan, mungkin seseorang lebih tua, lebih bijak. Pukul 3, Keberangkatan Sang pahlawan melewati rintangan dari rumahnya yang aman dan tentram, dan memasuki dunia ajaib penuh petualangan. Kita sudah tidak di Kansas lagi. Pukul 4, Tantangan Pahlawan butuh kerja keras: memecahkan teka-teki, membasmi monster, keluar dari jebakan. Pukul 5, Kedatangan Saatnya menghadapi tugas terberat, ketakutan terbesar pahlawan. (Auman) Pukul 6, Krisis Saat ini waktu tergelap sang pahlawan. Ia menghadapi kematian, mungkin akan mati, untuk terlahir kembali. Pukul 7, Hadiah (Roar) Akhirnya, pahlawan mendapat hadiahnya, pengakuan, atau kekuatan. Pukul 8, Hasil Dapat berbeda tiap cerita. Mungkin monster membungkuk kepada pahlawan, atau mengejar pahlawan sembari kabur menuju dari dunia ajaib? Pukul 9, Kepulangan Setelah semua petualangan, pahlawan kembali ke dunia normalnya. Pukul 10, Hidup yang Baru Misi tersebut mengubah hidup pahlawan; ia telah lahir kembali. Pukul 11, Penyelesaian Setiap jalan cerita yang berliku kembali normal. Pukul 12, Status Quo, tapi dalam tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Setelah menjadi pahlawan, tak ada yang sama.
Many popular books and movies follow this ancient formula pretty closely. But let's see how well "The Hunger Games" fits the hero's journey template. When does Katniss Everdeen hear her call to adventure that gets the story moving? When her sister's name is called from the lottery. How about assistance? Is anyone going to help her on her adventure? Haymitch. What about departure? Does she leave her ordinary world? She gets on a train to the capital. OK, so you get the idea.
Telah banyak buku dan film mengikuti racikan kuno ini, cukup mirip. Mari kita lihat "The Hunger Games" yang mencontoh perjalanan sang pahlawan. Kapan Katniss Everdeen mendengar panggilan yang mengubah alur cerita? Saat nama adik perempuannya dipanggil lewat undian. Dari mana bantuannya? Adakah yang bersedia menolong dalam perjalanannya? Haymitch. Bagaiman keberangkatannya? Apakah dia meninggalkan dunia normalnya? Ia naik kereta menuju Kapital. Ok, jadi kamu mengerti.
What do you have in common with Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, and Frodo? Well, you're human, just like them. The Hero's Journey myth exists in all human cultures and keeps getting updated, because we humans reflect on our world through symbolic stories of our own lives. You leave your comfort zone, have an experience that transforms you, and then you recover and do it again. You don't literally slay dragons or fight Voldemort, but you face problems just as scary. Joseph Campbell said, "In the cave you fear to enter lies the treasure you seek." What is the symbolic cave you fear to enter? Auditions for the school play? Baseball tryouts? Love?
Apa kesamaanmu dengan Harry Potter, Katniss Everdeen, dan Frodo? Manusia, seperti mereka. Mitos Perjalanan Sang Pahlawan hadir di setiap kebudayaan dan selalu diperbarui, karena kita, manusia, mencerminkan dunia dengan cerita simbolik kehidupan kita sendiri. Kamu meninggalkan zona nyaman, mendapat pengalaman yang mengubahmu, dan kamu pulih dan melakukannya lagi. Kau tidak sungguh-sungguh membunuh naga atau melawan Voldemort, namun kamu menghadapi masalah yang sama menakutkannya. Joseph Campbell berkata, "Dalam gua yang takut kau masuki tersimpan harta karun yang kau cari." Apa gua simbolik yang takut kamu masuki? Audisi untuk drama sekolah? Seleksi baseball? Cinta?
Watch for this formula in books, movies, and TV shows you come across. You will certainly see it again. But also be sensitive to it in your own life. Listen for your call to adventure. Accept the challenge. Conquer your fear and claim the treasure you seek. And then, do it all over again.
Perhatikan racikannya hadir dalam buku, film, dan acara TV. Kamu akan melihatnya dengan jelas. Namun perhatikan juga di kehidupanmu. Dengarkan panggilan petualangan. Terima tantangan. Hadapi ketakutanmu dan terima hadiah yang kau cari. Lalu, lakukan lagi.