I'm here to show you how something you can't see can be so much fun to look at. You're about to experience a new, available and exciting technology that's going to make us rethink how we waterproof our lives.
Gaur, ikusi ezin duzuen zerbait behatzea zein dibertigarria den erakusteko nago hemen. Teknologia berri, baliozko eta zoragarri bat probatzear zaudete, gure bizitza nola iragazten dugun pentsatzera eramango gaituena hain zuzen ere.
What I have here is a cinder block that we've coated half with a nanotechnology spray that can be applied to almost any material. It's called Ultra-Ever Dry, and when you apply it to any material, it turns into a superhydrophobic shield. So this is a cinder block, uncoated, and you can see that it's porous, it absorbs water. Not anymore. Porous, nonporous.
Hemen dudana errauts bloke bat da eta erdia nanoteknologia spray batekin estali dut, ia material guztiei aplika daitekeen spray bat. Ultra-Ever Dry du izena eta edozein materiali aplikatzean babeski superhidrofobiko bihurtzen da. Beraz, hau errauts bloke bat da, ezerekin estali gabe dago, eta ikus dezakezuen bezala porotsua da, ura xurgatzen du. Baina honek ez. Porotsua, iragazgaitza.
So what's superhydrophobic? Superhydrophobic is how we measure a drop of water on a surface. The rounder it is, the more hydrophobic it is, and if it's really round, it's superhydrophobic. A freshly waxed car, the water molecules slump to about 90 degrees. A windshield coating is going to give you about 110 degrees. But what you're seeing here is 160 to 175 degrees, and anything over 150 is superhydrophobic. So as part of the demonstration, what I have is a pair of gloves, and we've coated one of the gloves with the nanotechnology coating, and let's see if you can tell which one, and I'll give you a hint.
Orduan, zer da superhidrofobikoa? Superhidrofobikoa ur tanta bat edozein gainazaletan neurtzea da. Geroz eta borobilagoa, orduan eta hidrofobikoagoa da eta borobil-borobila bada, superhidrofobikoa da. Ezkoztatutako auto batean ur molekulak 90 bat gradutan erortzen dira. Haizetako estaldura batek 110 bat gradu emango dizkigu. Baina hemen ikusten ari garena 160 eta 175 gradu tartean dago. 150 baino gehiagotara dagoen edozer superhidrofobikoa da. Frogapen honetako atal honetan pare bat eskularru ditut eta bat nanotekologia estalkiarekin gainkatu dut. Ikus dezagun ea esan diezadakezuen zein eta nik seinale bat emango dizuet.
Did you guess the one that was dry?
Asmatu al duzue zein zegoen lehor?
When you have nanotechnology and nanoscience, what's occurred is that we're able to now look at atoms and molecules and actually control them for great benefits. And we're talking really small here. The way you measure nanotechnology is in nanometers, and one nanometer is a billionth of a meter, and to put some scale to that, if you had a nanoparticle that was one nanometer thick, and you put it side by side, and you had 50,000 of them, you'd be the width of a human hair. So very small, but very useful.
Nanoteknologia eta nanozientzia dugunean zera gertatzen da, onura askotarako atomo eta molekulak behatu eta kontrolatzeko gai garela. Hau ez da garrantzitsuena; nanoteknologia nanometroetan neurtzen da eta nanometro bat metro bat milioi bat zatitan zatituz gero, horietako bakoitza da. Argiago ikus dezagun: nanometro bat neurtzen duen nanopartikula bat badugu, eta guztira elkarren ondoan horietako 50 000 jartzen baditugu, gizakion ile baten zabalera izango luke guztira. Oso txikia beraz, baina era berean oso erabilgarria.
And it's not just water that this works with. It's a lot of water-based materials like concrete, water-based paint, mud, and also some refined oils as well.
Eta ez du urarekin bakarrik funtzionatzen, urean oinarritutako material askorekin baizik, hormigoiarein, urean oinarritutako margoekin, lokatzarekin edota findutako olioekin, besteak beste.
You can see the difference.
Aldea ikus dezaezue.
Moving onto the next demonstration, we've taken a pane of glass and we've coated the outside of it, we've framed it with the nanotechnology coating, and we're going to pour this green-tinted water inside the middle, and you're going to see, it's going to spread out on glass like you'd normally think it would, except when it hits the coating, it stops, and I can't even coax it to leave. It's that afraid of the water.
Hurrengo frogapenera pasatuko gara. Beira zati bat hartu dugu eta nanoteknologia babeskiarekin inguratu dugu. Orain berdez tindatutako ur hau botako dugu erdiko zatira eta ikusiko duzuen bezala, beiran zehar zabalduko da, pentsatzen zenuten moduan, baina babeskira iristen denean gelditu egiten da eta ezin dut ezer egin gehiago barreiatzeko. Urari beldur dio.
(Applause)
(Txaloak)
So what's going on here? What's happening? Well, the surface of the spray coating is actually filled with nanoparticles that form a very rough and craggly surface. You'd think it'd be smooth, but it's actually not. And it has billions of interstitial spaces, and those spaces, along with the nanoparticles, reach up and grab the air molecules, and cover the surface with air. It's an umbrella of air all across it, and that layer of air is what the water hits, the mud hits, the concrete hits, and it glides right off. So if I put this inside this water here, you can see a silver reflective coating around it, and that silver reflective coating is the layer of air that's protecting the water from touching the paddle, and it's dry.
Orduan, zer da gertatzen dena? Spray estalkiaren gainazala nanopartikulez beteta dago eta oso gainazal sendoa izatea eragiten du honek. Leuna dela pentsatuko zenuten beharbada, baina ez. Gainera, bilioka espazio interstizio ditu eta nanopartikulekin batera, espazio horiek goruntz joaten dira eta aire molekulak hartzen dituzte, modu honetan gainazala airez estaliz. Airezko aterki bat bezala da; airezko kapa horri egiten dio urak, lokatzak edo hormigoiak talka eta berehala irristatzen da. Honako objektu hau uretan sartzen badut zilar koloreko babeski islatzaile bat ikus daiteke inguruan, eta zilar koloreko babeski islatzaile hori ura arraunetik babesten duen airezko kapa da eta lehorra dago.
So what are the applications? I mean, many of you right now are probably going through your head. Everyone that sees this gets excited, and says, "Oh, I could use it for this and this and this." The applications in a general sense could be anything that's anti-wetting. We've certainly seen that today. It could be anything that's anti-icing, because if you don't have water, you don't have ice. It could be anti-corrosion. No water, no corrosion. It could be anti-bacterial. Without water, the bacteria won't survive. And it could be things that need to be self-cleaning as well.
Zeintzuk dira honen onurak edo abantailak? Ziurrenik zuetako asko hori ari zarete galdetzen zuen buruari. Guztiei izugarri gustatzen zaie hau eta zera esaten dute: "Honetarako eta honetarako eta beste honetarako erabili dezaket" Orokorrean ez hezetzeko edozein gauzari aplika daiteke. Hori ikusi dugu gaur hemen. Ez izozteko ere erabil daiteke, ura izan ezean ezin baitugu izotzik eduki. Ez herdoiltzeko ere bai: ez badago urik, ezin da ezer herdoildu. Bakterien aurka ere erabil daiteke, urik gabe bakteriek ez bailukete biziraungo. Gauzak bakarrik garbi daitezen ere bai.
So imagine how something like this could help revolutionize your field of work. And I'm going to leave you with one last demonstration, but before I do that, I would like to say thank you, and think small. (Applause) It's going to happen. Wait for it. Wait for it.
Irudikatu horrelako zerbaitek nola alda dezakeen zuen lan eremua goitik behera. Eta azkeneko frogapen bat egingo dugu orain, baina hasi aurretik eskerrak eman nahi dizkizuet, eta baita modu sinplean pentsatzeko aholkatu. (Txaloak) Gertatuko da. Itxaron. Itxaron.
Chris Anderson: You guys didn't hear about us cutting out the Design from TED? (Laughter)
Chris Anderson: Ez al diguzue entzun TED-en diseinua mozten? (Barreak)
[Two minutes later...]
[Bi minutu geroago...]
He ran into all sorts of problems in terms of managing the medical research part. It's happening! (Applause)
Mediku ikerketa zuzentzeko era guztietako arazoiak izan zituen Gertatzen ari da, begira! (Txaloak)