Twenty-five-and-a-quarter years ago I read a newspaper article which said that one day syringes would be one of the major causes of the spread of AIDS, the transmission of AIDS. I thought this was unacceptable. So I decided to do something about it.
Pre 24 godine i 3 meseca, pročitao sam novinski članak koji je tvrdio da će jednog dana, špricevi biti jedan od najvećih uzroka širenja SIDE, prenošenja SIDE. Pomislio sam kako je to neprihvatljivo i odlučio da preduzmem
Sadly, it's come true. Malaria, as we all know, kills approximately one million people a year. The reuse of syringes now exceeds that and kills 1.3 million people a year. This young girl and her friend that I met in an orphanage in Delhi were HIV positive from a syringe. And what was so sad about this particular story was that once their parents had found out -- and don't forget, their parents took them to the doctor -- the parents threw them out on the street. And hence they ended up in an orphanage.
nešto po tom pitanju. Nažalost, članak se obistinio. Malarija, kao što znamo, ubije oko milion ljudi godišnje. Višestruka upotreba špriceva sada to prevazilazi i ubija 1,3 miliona ljudi godišnje. Ova devojčica i njen prijatelj, koje sam upoznao u sirotištu u Delhiju, postali su HIV pozitivni zbog šprica. Ono što je toliko tužno u ovoj priči je to što su, kada su saznali, njihovi roditelji, a ne zaboravite, roditelji su ih odveli kod lekara, izbacili na ulicu. I tako su završili u sirotištu.
And it comes from situations like this where you have either skilled or unskilled practitioners, blindly giving an injection to someone. And the injection is so valuable, that the people basically trust the doctor, being second to God, which I've heard many times, to do the right thing. But in fact they're not. And you can understand, obviously, the transmission problem between people in high-virus areas.
Sve počinje ovakvim situacijama, kada imate obučene ili neobučene medicinske radnike koji bez razmišljanja nekom daju inekciju. A inekcija je toliko dragocena, da ljudi, u principu, veruju da će lekari, koji su posle Boga najvažniji, što sam čuo mnogo puta, uraditi pravu stvar. Ali to ne učine. I možete razumeti, problem prenošenja među ljudima u područijima sa velikim brojem virusa.
This video we took undercover, which shows you, over a half an hour period, a tray of medicines of 42 vials, which are being delivered with only 2 syringes in a public hospital in India. And over the course of half an hour, not one syringe was filmed being unwrapped. They started with two and they ended with two. And you'll see, just now, a nurse coming back to the tray, which is their sort of modular station, and dropping the syringe she's just used back in the tray for it to be picked up and used again. So you can imagine the scale of this problem. And in fact in India alone, 62 percent of all injections given are unsafe.
Ovaj snimak napravljen je tajno razdoblju od pola sata i prikazuje tacnu sa lekovima i 42 ampule, koji se daju koristeći samo dva šprica u državnoj bolnici u Indiji. Za tih pola sata, nismo snimili otvaranje ni jednog novog šprica. Počeli su sa dva i završili sa dva. A sada možete da vidite, medicinska sestra se vraća do tacne koja je na neki način modularna stanica, i baca špric koji je upravo iskoristila na tacnu kako bi se ponovo mogao uzeti i koristiti. Dakle, možete da zamislite veličinu ovog problema. Činjenica je da samo Indiji, 62% svih inekcija koje se daju, nije bezbedno.
These kids in Pakistan don't go to school. They are lucky. They already have a job. And that job is that they go around and pick up syringes from the back of hospitals, wash them, and in the course of this, obviously picking them up they injure themselves. And then they repackage them and sell them out on markets for literally more money than a sterile syringe in the first place, which is quite bizarre. In an interesting photo, their father, while we were talking to him, picked up a syringe and pricked his finger -- I don't know whether you can see the drop of blood on the end -- and immediately whipped out a box of matches, lit one, and burned the blood off the end of his finger, giving me full assurance that that was the way that you stopped the transmission of HIV.
Ova deca iz Pakistana ne idu u školu. Oni su srećnici. Već imaju posao. A taj posao podrazumeva da idu unaokolo i skupljaju špriceve iza bolnica, operu ih, a u tom procesu skupljanja, očigledno je da se povređuju. Onda ih ponovo zapakuju i prodaju na pijacama, po, bukvalno, većoj ceni, od sterilnog šprica, što je poprilično bizarno. Na ovoj zanimljivoj fotografiji, njihov otac je, dok smo razgovarali sa njim, pokupio špric i uboo prst - ne znam da li možete da vidite kapljicu krvi na kraju -- i smesta izvadio kutiju šibica, zapalio jednu i spalio krv na kraju prsta, potpuno me uveravajući da se na takav način zaustavlja prenošenje HIVa.
In China, recycling is a major issue. And they are collected en mass -- you can see the scale of it here -- and sorted out, by hand, back into the right sizes, and then put back out on the street. So recycling and reuse are the major issues here. But there was one interesting anecdote that I found in Indonesia. In all schools in Indonesia, there is usually a toy seller in the playground. The toy seller, in this case, had syringes, which they usually do, next door to the diggers, which is obviously what you would expect. And they use them, in the breaks, for water pistols. They squirt them at each other, which is lovely and innocent. And they are having great fun. But they also drink from them while they're in their breaks, because it's hot. And they squirt the water into their mouths. And these are used with traces of blood visible.
U Kini je reciklaža veliki problem. Špricevi se skupljaju u velikim količinama - možete videti veličinu toga ovde - razvrstavaju se, ručno, po veličinama, a onda vraćaju na ulicu. Dakle, reciklaža i višestruka upotreba su najvažniji problemi ovde. Ali, ima jedna zanimljiva anegdota koju sam otkrio u Indoneziji. U školama u Indoneziji, uglavnom postoji prodavac igračaka na igralištu. Prodavac igračaka je, u ovom slučaju imao špriceve u ponudi, što uglavnom i imaju, odmah pored bagera, što se i može očekivati. Oni ih koriste, za vreme odmora, kao pištolje na vodu. Prskaju se vodom, što je slatko i nevino. I lepo se provode. Ali oni takođe i piju iz njih, dok su na odmoru, zato što je toplo. Prskaju vodu u svoja usta. A špricevi su korišćeni, tragovi krvi su vidljivi.
So we need a better product. And we need better information. And I think, if I can just borrow this camera, I was going to show you my invention, which I came up with. So, it's a normal-looking syringe. You load it up in the normal way. This is made on existing equipment in 14 factories that we license. You give the injection and then put it down. If someone then tries to reuse it, it locks and breaks afterwards. It's very, very simple. Thank you. (Applause) And it costs the same as a normal syringe. And in comparison, a Coca-Cola is 10 times the price. And that will stop reusing a syringe 20 or 30 times.
Zbog toga nam je potreban bolji proizvod. I bolji način informisanja. I evo, koristeći ovu kameru, pokazaću vam svoj izum koji sam osmislio. Izgleda kao običan špric. Puni se na standardni način. Ovo je napravljeno koristeći postojeću opremu 14 fabrika koje mi licenciramo. Date inekciju i odložite ga. Ako neko pokuša da ga ponovo iskoristi, zaglavi se i nakon toga lomi. Veoma je, veoma jednostavno. Hvala. (Aplauz) A košta isto koliko i običan špric. U poređenju sa njim, Koka-kola je deset puta skuplja. A time će se okončati upotreba šprica po 20 ili 30 puta.
And I have an information charity which has done huge scale amount of work in India. And we're very proud of giving information to people, so that little kids like this don't do stupid things. Thank you very much. (Applause)
Vodim i humanitarnu agenciju koja se bavi informisanjem i u Indiji obavlja posao velikih razmera. I vrlo smo ponosni što ljudima pružamo informacije kako deca poput ove ne bi pravila gluposti. Mnogo vam hvala. (Aplauz)