If you're here today -- and I'm very happy that you are -- you've all heard about how sustainable development will save us from ourselves. However, when we're not at TED, we are often told that a real sustainability policy agenda is just not feasible, especially in large urban areas like New York City. And that's because most people with decision-making powers, in both the public and the private sector, really don't feel as though they're in danger.
Ako ste danas ovdje - a meni je jako drago da ste tu - svi ste čuli kako nas održivi razvoj može spasiti od nas samih. No, kada nismo na TED-u često nam govore da prava politika održivosti jednostavno nije realna, osobito u velikim, urbanim područjima poput grada New Yorka. A to je zato što većina ljudi koji imaju moć donošenja odluka, kako u javnom, tako i u privatnom sektoru, zapravo ne osjeća da su u opasnosti.
The reason why I'm here today, in part, is because of a dog -- an abandoned puppy I found back in the rain, back in 1998. She turned out to be a much bigger dog than I'd anticipated. When she came into my life, we were fighting against a huge waste facility planned for the East River waterfront despite the fact that our small part of New York City already handled more than 40 percent of the entire city's commercial waste: a sewage treatment pelletizing plant, a sewage sludge plant, four power plants, the world's largest food-distribution center, as well as other industries that bring more than 60,000 diesel truck trips to the area each week. The area also has one of the lowest ratios of parks to people in the city.
Danas sam ovdje djelomično i zbog jednog psa: napušteno štene koje sam pronašla na kiši još 1998. To je štene izraslo u puno većeg psa nego što sam očekivala. Kada je ona ušla u moj život, borili smo se protiv ogromnog pogona za obradu otpada planiranog na obali East Rivera, unatoč činjenici da naš mali dio grada New Yorka već nosio s više od 40% komercijalnog otpada cijeloga grada. Pogon za briketiranje kanalizacijskog taloga, pogon za obradu kanalizacijskog mulja, četiri električne centrale, najveći centar za distribuciju hrane na svijetu, kao i druge industrije koje na naše područje svakoga tjedna dovoze više od 60.000 kamiona. Naše područje ima i jedan od najnižih omjera parkova prema broju stanovnika u gradu.
So when I was contacted by the Parks Department about a $10,000 seed-grant initiative to help develop waterfront projects, I thought they were really well-meaning, but a bit naive. I'd lived in this area all my life, and you could not get to the river, because of all the lovely facilities that I mentioned earlier. Then, while jogging with my dog one morning, she pulled me into what I thought was just another illegal dump. There were weeds and piles of garbage and other stuff that I won't mention here, but she kept dragging me, and lo and behold, at the end of that lot was the river. I knew that this forgotten little street-end, abandoned like the dog that brought me there, was worth saving. And I knew it would grow to become the proud beginnings of the community-led revitalization of the new South Bronx.
Tako da kada su me iz Uprave za parkove kontaktirali u vezi s donacijom 10.000 dolara početnih sredstava za pokretanje uređenja obalnog područja, pomislila sam da su stvarno dobronamjerni, ali pomalo naivni. Ja sam cijelog svog života živjela na tom području i vi niste mogli doći do rijeke zbog svih tih prekrasnih pogona koje sam malprije spomenula. I onda, jedno jutro dok sam trčala sa svojim psom, ona me povukla prema nečemu za što sam pomislila da je još jedno ilegalno odlagalište. Tamo je bio korov i hrpe smeća i još nešto što ovdje ne bih spominjala, ali ona me nastavila vući - i, zamislite samo, iza svega toga bila je rijeka. Znala sam da je ta zaboravljena slijepa ulica, napuštena poput psa koji me tamo doveo, vrijedna spašavanja. I znala sam da će se pretvoriti u ponosni početak građanske revitalizacije novog južnog Bronxa. I poput mog novog psa, ta je ideja izrasla puno više nego što sam zamišljala.
And just like my new dog, it was an idea that got bigger than I'd imagined. We garnered much support along the way, and the Hunts Point Riverside Park became the first waterfront park that the South Bronx had had in more than 60 years. We leveraged that $10,000 seed grant more than 300 times, into a $3 million park.
Putem smo prikupili puno podrške. A Hunts Point Riverside Park postao je prvi obalni park kojega je južni Bronx dobio u više od 60 godina. Tih 10.000 dolara početnih sredstava uspjeli smo multiplicirati više od 300 puta u park vrijedan tri milijuna dolara. A ja ću ove jeseni...
And in the fall, I'm going to exchange marriage vows with my beloved.
razmijeniti bračne zavjete s mojom ljubavi. Puno hvala.
(Audience whistles)
Thank you very much.
(Applause)
To je on, barata mojim gumbima tamo u pozadini, što i inače stalno radi.
That's him pressing my buttons back there, which he does all the time.
(Laughter)
(smijeh) (pljesak)
(Applause)
But those of us living in environmental justice communities are the canary in the coal mine. We feel the problems right now, and have for some time. Environmental justice, for those of you who may not be familiar with the term, goes something like this: no community should be saddled with more environmental burdens and less environmental benefits than any other.
No mi, koji živimo u susjedstvima s nepravedno ugroženim okolišem, mi smo poput kanarinaca u rudniku. Osjećamo probleme upravo sada, i osjećamo ih već neko vrijeme. Borba za pravedni okoliš, za vas koji možda niste upoznati s tim pojmom, bio bi otprilike ovo: niti jedna zajednica ne smije biti opterećena s više onečišćenja i manje zaštite okoliša od bilo koje druge. Nažalost, rasa i stalež iznimno pouzdano ukazuju
Unfortunately, race and class are extremely reliable indicators as to where one might find the good stuff, like parks and trees, and where one might find the bad stuff, like power plants and waste facilities. As a black person in America, I am twice as likely as a white person to live in an area where air pollution poses the greatest risk to my health. I am five times more likely to live within walking distance of a power plant or chemical facility, which I do. These land-use decisions created the hostile conditions that lead to problems like obesity, diabetes and asthma. Why would someone leave their home to go for a brisk walk in a toxic neighborhood? Our 27 percent obesity rate is high even for this country, and diabetes comes with it. One out of four South Bronx children has asthma. Our asthma hospitalization rate is seven times higher than the national average. These impacts are coming everyone's way. And we all pay dearly for solid waste costs, health problems associated with pollution and more odiously, the cost of imprisoning our young black and Latino men, who possess untold amounts of untapped potential. Fifty percent of our residents live at or below the poverty line; 25 percent of us are unemployed. Low-income citizens often use emergency-room visits as primary care. This comes at a high cost to taxpayers and produces no proportional benefits. Poor people are not only still poor, they are still unhealthy.
gdje možete pronaći dobre stvari, poput parkova i drveća, a gdje biste mogli naići na loše stvari, npr. električne centrale ili pogone za obradu otpada. Za mene kao crnkinju u Americi, dvostruko je vjerojatnije nego za bjelkinju da ću živjeti u okolišu u kojem je zagađenje zraka najveća prijetnja mojem zdravlju. Pet puta je vjerojatnije da živim u neposrednoj blizini električne centrale ili kemijskog pogona - kao što i živim. Takve urbanističke odluke stvaraju loše uvjete za život koji dovode do problema poput debljine, dijabetesa i astme. Zašto bi netko izašao iz kuće na finu šetnju kroz toksično susjedstvo? Naših 27% gojaznih je puno, čak i za ovu zemlju, a uz to ide i dijabetes. Svako četvrto dijete iz južnog Bronxa ima astmu. Kod nas je broj hospitaliziranih astmatičara sedam puta veći od nacionalnog prosjeka. Sve to utječe na sve nas. I mi svi skupo plaćamo zbrinjavanje krutog otpada, zdrastvene probleme povezane sa zagađenjem, i još podmuklije, troškove zatvaranja naše mlade crnačke i latino populacije, koja posjeduje nemjerljive količine neiskorištenog potencijala. Polovina naših stanovnika živi na ili ispod granice siromaštva. Četvrtina nas je nezaposlena. Građani s niskim primanjima često koriste hitnu pomoć kao primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu. Sve to je veliki trošak za porezne obveznike i ne daje odgovarajućih koristi. Siromašni ne samo da su i dalje siromašni, nego su i dalje bolesni.
Fortunately, there are many people like me who are striving for solutions that won't compromise the lives of low-income communities of color in the short term, and won't destroy us all in the long term. None of us want that, and we all have that in common. So what else do we have in common?
Na sreću, postoji mnogo ljudi poput mene koji traže rješenja koja neće kratkoročno ugroziti živote manjinskih siromašnih zajednica, a neće ih uništiti niti dugoročno. Nitko od nas to ne želi, i to nam je svima zajedničko. Što nam je još zajedničko? Pa, prije svega, svi mi smo jako zgodni -
Well, first of all, we're all incredibly good-looking.
(smijeh) - završili smo srednje škole, prošli više i visoke škole,
(Laughter)
Graduated high school, college, post-graduate degrees, traveled to interesting places, didn't have kids in your early teens, financially stable, never been imprisoned. OK. Good.
putovali na zanimljive destinacije, nismo dobili djecu u ranoj mladosti, financijski smo stabilni, nikada nismo bili u zatvoru. Dobro... Odlično. (smijeh)
(Laughter)
Ali, osim što sam žena crne kože, ja se od vas razlikujem i na druge načine.
But, besides being a black woman, I am different from most of you in some other ways. I watched nearly half of the buildings in my neighborhood burn down. My big brother Lenny fought in Vietnam, only to be gunned down a few blocks from our home. Jesus. I grew up with a crack house across the street. Yeah, I'm a poor black child from the ghetto. These things make me different from you. But the things we have in common set me apart from most of the people in my community, and I am in between these two worlds with enough of my heart to fight for justice in the other.
Gledala sam kako je gotovo polovica zgrada u mojem susjedstvu izgorjela. Moj stariji brat Lenny se borio u Vijetnamu, samo da bi ga kasnije izrešetali nekoliko blokova od našeg doma. Isuse... Odrasla sam preko puta kuće u kojoj se prodavao kokain. Da, ja sam siromašno crno dijete iz geta. To me čini drugačijom od vas. Ali ono što nam je zajedničko izdvaja me od većine ljudi u mojoj zajednici, i ja se nalazim između ta dva svijeta, s dovoljno srca da se borim za pravdu u ovom drugom. Kako se dogodilo da smo toliko različiti?
So how did things get so different for us? In the late '40s, my dad -- a Pullman porter, son of a slave -- bought a house in the Hunts Point section of the South Bronx, and a few years later, he married my mom. At the time, the community was a mostly white, working-class neighborhood. My dad was not alone. And as others like him pursued their own version of the American dream, white flight became common in the South Bronx and in many cities around the country. Red-lining was used by banks, wherein certain sections of the city, including ours, were deemed off-limits to any sort of investment. Many landlords believed it was more profitable to torch their buildings and collect insurance money rather than to sell under those conditions -- dead or injured former tenants notwithstanding.
U kasnim četrdesetima, moj otac - željezničar, sin roba - kupio je kuću u Hunts Point-u, kvartu južnog Bronxa, i nekoliko godina kasnije vjenčao se s mojom mamom. U to vrijeme u susjedstvu je živjela uglavnom radnička klasa bijele boje kože. Moj otac nije bio sam. I kako su ostali poput njega tražili svoju verziju američkoga sna, iseljavanje bjelačkog stanovništa postalo je uobičajeno u južnom Bronxu i mnogim gradovima širom zemlje. Banke su nas diskriminirale, jer su određeni dijelovi grada, uključujući naš, proglašeni nepoželjnima za bilo kakve investicije. Mnogi stanodavci su vjerovali kako je profitabilnije potpaliti svoje zgrade i naplatiti osiguranje nego da ih prodaju pod tim uvjetima - bez obzira na poginule ili ozlijeđene bivše stanoprimce. U Hunts Point-u je nekada bilo puno radnih mjesta,
Hunts Point was formerly a walk-to-work community, but now residents had neither work nor home to walk to. A national highway construction boom was added to our problems. In New York State, Robert Moses spearheaded an aggressive highway-expansion campaign. One of its primary goals was to make it easier for residents of wealthy communities in Westchester County to go to Manhattan. The South Bronx, which lies in between, did not stand a chance. Residents were often given less than a month's notice before their buildings were razed. 600,000 people were displaced. The common perception was that only pimps and pushers and prostitutes were from the South Bronx. And if you are told from your earliest days that nothing good is going to come from your community, that it's bad and ugly, how could it not reflect on you? So now, my family's property was worthless, save for that it was our home, and all we had. And luckily for me, that home and the love inside of it, along with help from teachers, mentors and friends along the way, was enough.
ali sada stanovnici nisu imali niti posao, niti dom u kojeg bi se vratili. Eksplozija izgradnje autocesta samo je povećala naše probleme. U državi New York, Robert Moses je pokrenuo agresivnu kampanju širenja autocesta. Jedan od njegovih osnovnih ciljeva bio je da se stanovnicima bogatih zajednica okruga Wetchester olakša dolazak na Manhattan. Južni Bronx, koji leži između, nije imao nikakve šanse. Stanovnici su često dobivali rok kraći od mjesec dana za iseljenje prije rušenja njihovih zgrada. Raseljeno je 600.000 ljudi. Uobičajeno je mišljenje da su samo svodnici, dileri i prostitutke iz južnog Bronxa. I ako ti od malena govore kako ništa dobroga neće izaći iz tvoje zajednice, da je ona loša i ružna, kako se to može ne odraziti na tebe? I tako, imovina moje obitelji je bila bezvrijedna, osim što je to bio naš dom i sve što imamo. I na moju sreću, taj dom i ljubav u njemu, uz usputnu pomoć učitelja, mentora i prijatelja... to je bilo dovoljno.
Now, why is this story important? Because from a planning perspective, economic degradation begets environmental degradation, which begets social degradation. The disinvestment that began in the 1960s set the stage for all the environmental injustices that were to come. Antiquated zoning and land-use regulations are still used to this day to continue putting polluting facilities in my neighborhood. Are these factors taken into consideration when land-use policy is decided? What costs are associated with these decisions? And who pays? Who profits? Does anything justify what the local community goes through? This was "planning" -- in quotes -- that did not have our best interests in mind.
I sad, zašto je ta priča važna? Zato što s urbanističkog gledišta, gospodarsko propadanje povlači propadanje okoliša, a to povlači socijalnu degradaciju. Zaustavljanje investiranja koje je započelo u šezdesetima pokrenulo je sve buduće nepravde u okolišu. Zastarjeli urbanistički i građevinski propisi na snazi su i danas, još uvijek donose zagađujuće pogone u moje susjedstvo. Jesu li ti čimbenici uzeti u obzir kod donošenja urbanističkih odluka? Kakvi troškovi nastaju zbog tih odluka? I tko to plaća? Tko profitira? Opravdava li bilo što ovo kroz što prolazi lokalna zajednica? To je bio "urbanizam" - pod navodnicima - koji nije vodio računa o našim interesima. Nakon što smo to shvatili, odlučili smo da je došlo vrijeme da se pobrinemo za vlastiti urbanizam.
Once we realized that, we decided it was time to do our own planning. That small park I told you about earlier was the first stage of building a Greenway movement in the South Bronx. I wrote a one-and-a-quarter-million dollar federal transportation grant to design the plan for a waterfront esplanade with dedicated on-street bike paths. Physical improvements help inform public policy regarding traffic safety, the placement of the waste and other facilities, which, if done properly, don't compromise a community's quality of life. They provide opportunities to be more physically active, as well as local economic development. Think bike shops, juice stands. We secured 20 million dollars to build first-phase projects. This is Lafayette Avenue -- and that's redesigned by Mathews Nielsen Landscape Architects. And once this path is constructed, it'll connect the South Bronx with more than 400 acres of Randall's Island Park. Right now we're separated by about 25 feet of water, but this link will change that.
Taj mali park kojeg sam maloprije spomenula bio je prva faza u stvaranju pokreta za izgradnju parkova u južnom Bronxu. Napisala sam prijedlog za 1,25 milijuna dolara vrijednu saveznu dotaciju za prijevoz kako bismo projektirali riječnu šetnicu s izdvojenim biciklističkim stazama. Unaprijeđenje prostora pomaže u mijenjaju politka sigurnosti u prometu, odabiru lokacija za otpadne i ostale pogone, koji, ako se naprave kako treba, ne ugrožavaju kvalitetu života zajednice. Također vam daju mogućnost za veću fizičku aktivnost, kao i za lokalni gospodarski razvoj. Recimo trgovine s biciklima, štandovi sa sokovima. Osigurali smo 20 milijuna dolara za izgradnju prve faze projekata. Ovo je avenija Lafayette - ovako su je preoblikovali krajobrazni arhitekti Matthew i Nielsen. A kada ova staza bude izgrađena, povezat će južni Bronx s više od 160 hektara parkova na Randallsovom otoku. Trenutno nas dijeli oko 8 metara vode, ali ova će veza to promijeniti. Ako brinemo za prirodni okoliš, njegovo obilje će nam višestruko uzvratiti.
As we nurture the natural environment, its abundance will give us back even more. We run a project called the Bronx [Environmental] Stewardship Training, which provides job training in the fields of ecological restoration, so that folks from our community have the skills to compete for these well-paying jobs. Little by little, we're seeding the area with green-collar jobs -- and with people that have both a financial and personal stake in their environment. The Sheridan Expressway is an underutilized relic of the Robert Moses era, built with no regard for the neighborhoods that were divided by it. Even during rush hour, it goes virtually unused. The community created an alternative transportation plan that allows for the removal of the highway. We have the opportunity now to bring together all the stakeholders to re-envision how this 28 acres can be better utilized for parkland, affordable housing and local economic development.
Imamo projekt koji se zove "Obuka ekoloških skrbnika Bronxa" kojim pružamo profesionalnu obuku u području ekološkog obnavljanja, kako bi ljudi iz naše zajednice stekli vještine potrebne za dobivanje tih dobro plaćenih poslova. Malo po malo, otvaramo zelena radna mjesta na našem području - a zatim zapošljavamo ljude koji imaju financijski i osobni interes za svoj okoliš. Autocesta Sheridan Expressway jedan je premalo korišten relikt iz doba Roberta Mosesa, sagrađen bez obzira na susjedstva koja je podijelio. Čak i tijekom vršnih prometnih opterećenja, ta je autocesa gotovo nekorištena. Građani su osmislili alternativni plan prijevoza koji omogućava uklanjanje autoceste. Sada možemo okupiti sve zainteresirane strane i osmisliti kako bismo tih 11 hektara mogli bolje iskoristiti za parkove, povoljne stanove i lokalni gospodarski razvoj.
We also built New York City's first green and cool roof demonstration project on top of our offices. Cool roofs are highly-reflective surfaces that don't absorb solar heat, and pass it on to the building or atmosphere. Green roofs are soil and living plants. Both can be used instead of petroleum-based roofing materials that absorb heat, contribute to urban "heat island" effect and degrade under the sun, which we in turn breathe. Green roofs also retain up to 75 percent of rainfall, so they reduce a city's need to fund costly end-of-pipe solutions -- which, incidentally, are often located in environmental justice communities like mine. And they provide habitats for our little friends!
Također smo sagradili prvi zeleni i hladni krov u gradu New Yorku, kao demo-projekt na krovu iznad naših ureda. Hladni krovovi su visoko reflektirajuće površine koje ne apsorbiraju sunčevu toplinu i ne prenose je na zgradu ili atmosferu. Zeleni krovovi su zemlja i žive biljke. Obje tehnike mogu se koristiti umjesto materijala na bazi nafte koji upijaju toplinu i tako stvaraju efekt "vrućeg otoka" te koje se na suncu razgrađuju, što mi potom udišemo. Zeleni krovovi uz to zadržavaju do 75% kišnice, pa tako smanjuju potrebu za financiranjem skupocjenih prečistača - koji su, slučajno, najčešće locirani u susjedstvima s nepravednim okolišem poput mojeg. Uz to su stanište našim malim prijateljima! To je - (smijeh) - cool!
[Butterfly]
(Laughter)
So cool!
Demo-projekt je odskočna daska za naše novo poduzeće za postavljanje zelenih krovova,
Anyway, the demonstration project is a springboard for our own green roof installation business, bringing jobs and sustainable economic activity to the South Bronx.
koje će stvoriti radna mjesta i održiv gospodarski razvoj u južnom Bronxu. (smijeh) (pljesak) I meni se to sviđa.
[Green is the new black ...]
(Laughter) (Applause)
I like that, too.
Znam da je Chris rekao da ovdje ne smijemo prodavati,
Anyway, I know Chris told us not to do pitches up here, but since I have all of your attention: We need investors. End of pitch. It's better to ask for forgiveness than permission. Anyway --
ali kako imam svu vašu pažnju: trebamo investitore. Kraj prodavanja. Bolje je tražiti oprost nego dozvolu. Dakle... (smijeh) - (pljesak)
(Laughter)
(Applause)
OK. Katrina. Prije Katrine, južni Bronx i Ninth Ward u New Orleansu
OK. Katrina.
Prior to Katrina, the South Bronx and New Orleans' Ninth Ward had a lot in common. Both were largely populated by poor people of color, both hotbeds of cultural innovation: think hip-hop and jazz. Both are waterfront communities that host both industries and residents in close proximity of one another. In the post-Katrina era, we have still more in common. We're at best ignored, and maligned and abused, at worst, by negligent regulatory agencies, pernicious zoning and lax governmental accountability. Neither the destruction of the Ninth Ward nor the South Bronx was inevitable. But we have emerged with valuable lessons about how to dig ourselves out. We are more than simply national symbols of urban blight or problems to be solved by empty campaign promises of presidents come and gone. Now will we let the Gulf Coast languish for a decade or two, like the South Bronx did? Or will we take proactive steps and learn from the homegrown resource of grassroots activists that have been born of desperation in communities like mine?
imali su mnogo toga zajedničkog. Obje četvrti bile su nastanjene siromašnima druge boje kože, obje su kolijevka kulturnih inovacija: recimo hip-hopa i jazza. Obje su obalne zajednice koje udomljuju kako industriju, tako i stanovnike u velikoj međusobnoj blizini. U razdoblju nakon Katrine, imamo još više toga zajedničkog. U najbolje slučaju ignoriraju nas i zloupotrebljavaju, a u najgorem slučaju iskorištavaju nemarni regulatori, izuzetno štetni urbanizam i nedostatna odgovornost vlasti. Ni uništenje četvrti Ninth Ward, ni južnog Bronxa nije bilo neizbježno. Ali mi smo iz toga izvukli vrijednu pouku kako se izvući. Mi smo puno više od nacionalnih simbola urbane truleži. Ili problema koji će biti riješeni praznim obećanjima predsjednika koji dolaze i odlaze. Hoćemo li sad dozvoliti da i obala Golfskog zaljeva trune 10-20 godina kao što je to bio slučaj s južnim Bronxom? Ili ćemo poduzeti proaktivne korake i učiti od naših domaćih resursa - građanskih aktivista koji su rođeni iz očaja u zajednicama poput moje? No, slušajte, ja ne očekujem da će pojedinci,
Now listen, I do not expect individuals, corporations or government to make the world a better place because it is right or moral. This presentation today only represents some of what I've been through. Like a tiny little bit. You've no clue. But I'll tell you later, if you want to know.
tvrtke ili vlada učiniti svijet boljim mjestom zato što je to ispravno ili moralno. Ova današnja prezentacija pokazuje samo dijelove onoga kroz što sam prošla, poput malenog komadića. Nemate pojma. Ali reći ću vam kasnije ako želite znati.
(Laughter)
Ali - znam da je završni račun, ili nečija percepcija završnog računa,
But -- I know it's the bottom line, or one's perception of it, that motivates people in the end. I'm interested in what I like to call the "triple bottom line" that sustainable development can produce. Developments that have the potential to create positive returns for all concerned: the developers, government and the community where these projects go up.
ono što naposlijetku motivira ljude. Mene zanima ono što nazivam "trostrukim završnim računom" koji može nastati održivim razvojem. Razvoj koji ima potencijal stvoriti pozitivne ishode za sve zanteresirane: graditelje, vlasti i zajednicu u kojoj se ti projekti grade. Ovoga trenutka, to se ne događa u gradu New Yorku.
At present, that's not happening in New York City. And we are operating with a comprehensive urban-planning deficit. A parade of government subsidies is going to propose big-box and stadium developments in the South Bronx, but there is scant coordination between city agencies on how to deal with the cumulative effects of increased traffic, pollution, solid waste and the impacts on open space. And their approaches to local economic and job development are so lame it's not even funny. Because on top of that, the world's richest sports team is replacing the House That Ruth Built by destroying two well-loved community parks. Now, we'll have even less than that stat I told you about earlier. And although less than 25 percent of South Bronx residents own cars, these projects include thousands of new parking spaces, yet zip in terms of mass public transit. Now, what's missing from the larger debate is a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis between not fixing an unhealthy, environmentally-challenged community, versus incorporating structural, sustainable changes. My agency is working closely with Columbia University and others to shine a light on these issues.
I mi radimo s sveobuhvatnim deficitom urbanizma. Parada onih koje vlasti dotiraju izgradit će predložene ogromne stambene kutije i stadion u južnom Bronxu, ali uopće nema koordinacije između gradske uprave o tome kako se odnositi prema kumulativnom efektu povećanog prometa, zagađenja, otpada i utjecaja na otvoreni prostor. A njihov pristup lokalnom gospodarskom razvoju i otvaranju radnih mjesta toliko je jadan da nije ni smiješan. Jer, povrh toga, najbogatiji sportski tim na svijetu seli stadion Yankeeja tako da uništava dva omiljena parka. Sad ćemo imati još manje nego u statistici koju sam prije spomenula. Pa iako manje od 25% stanovnika južnog Bronxa posjeduje automobile, ovi projekti predviđaju tisuće novih parkirnih mjesta, ali baš ništa od masovnog javnog prijevoza. Ono što u javnoj debati nedostaje je temeljita analiza troškova i koristi između zanemarivanja nezdrave i ekološki narušene zajednice, u odnosu na provođenje strukturnih i održivih promjena. Moja udruga usko surađuje sa sveučilištem Columbia i drugima kako bi skrenula pozornost na ove probleme.
Now let's get this straight: I am not anti-development. Ours is a city, not a wilderness preserve. And I've embraced my inner capitalist. And, but I don't have --
Da razjasnimo nešto. Ja nisam protiv izgradnje. Mi smo u gradu, ne u nacionalnom parku. I ja sam prihvatila svog unutarnjeg kapitalistu. Vjerojatno ga svi imate i ako to još niste učinili, trebali bi.
(Laughter)
You probably all have, and if you haven't, you need to.
Ja nemam problem s građevinarima koji će zaraditi.
(Laughter)
So I don't have a problem with developers making money. There's enough precedent out there to show that a sustainable, community-friendly development can still make a fortune. Fellow TEDsters Bill McDonough and Amory Lovins -- both heroes of mine by the way -- have shown that you can actually do that. I do have a problem with developments that hyper-exploit politically vulnerable communities for profit. That it continues is a shame upon us all, because we are all responsible for the future that we create. But one of the things I do to remind myself of greater possibilities, is to learn from visionaries in other cities. This is my version of globalization.
Imamo dovoljno primjera koji pokazuju da održivi razvoj s zajednicom na umu može biti vrlo unosan. Kolege TED-ovci Bill McDonough i Amory Lovins - usput, oboje moji heroji - pokazali su kako to možete učiniti. Ja imam problem s izgradnjom koja pretjerano iskorištava politički nemoćne zajednice radi profita. Da se to nastavlja sramota je za sve nas, zato što smo svi mi odgovorni za budućnost koju stvaramo. Nešto što činim da bih se podsjetila kako postoje bolje mogućnosti je da učim od vizionara iz drugih gradova. To je moja verzija globalizacije. Uzmite primjer Bogote. Siromašna, latinoamerička, okružena oružanim nasiljem
Let's take Bogota. Poor, Latino, surrounded by runaway gun violence and drug trafficking; a reputation not unlike that of the South Bronx. However, this city was blessed in the late 1990s with a highly-influential mayor named Enrique Peñalosa. He looked at the demographics. Few Bogotanos own cars, yet a huge portion of the city's resources was dedicated to serving them. If you're a mayor, you can do something about that. His administration narrowed key municipal thoroughfares from five lanes to three, outlawed parking on those streets, expanded pedestrian walkways and bike lanes, created public plazas, created one of the most efficient bus mass-transit systems in the entire world. For his brilliant efforts, he was nearly impeached. But as people began to see that they were being put first on issues reflecting their day-to-day lives, incredible things happened. People stopped littering. Crime rates dropped, because the streets were alive with people. His administration attacked several typical urban problems at one time, and on a third-world budget, at that. We have no excuse in this country, I'm sorry. But the bottom line is: their people-first agenda was not meant to penalize those who could actually afford cars, but rather, to provide opportunities for all Bogotanos to participate in the city's resurgence. That development should not come at the expense of the majority of the population is still considered a radical idea here in the U.S. But Bogota's example has the power to change that.
i švercom droge: reputacija slična onoj južnog Bronxa. Ipak, taj grad je krajem devedesetih blagoslovljen izuzetno utjecajnim gradonačelnikom imenom Enrique Penalosa. On je proučio demografiju. Malo stanovnika posjeduje automobile, a ipak je ogromni dio gradskih sredstava bio namijenjen njihovom usluživanju. Ako ste gradonačelnik, možete učiniti nešto u vezi s tim. Njegova je uprava suzila ključne gradske prometnice s pet traka na tri, zabranila parkiranje na tim ulicama, proširila nogostupe i biciklističke staze, napravila gradske trgove, stvorila jedan od najučinkovitijih sustava autobusnog javnog prijevoza na svijetu. Za njegove brilijantne napore... skoro su ga krivično gonili. Ali nakon što su građani uvidjeli da su oni na prvome mjestu u rješavanju problema s kojima se svakodnevno nose, dogodilo se nešto nevjerojatno. Prestali su bacati smeće po ulicama. Kriminal se smanjio. Zato jer su ulice bile žive i pune ljudi. Njegova uprava napala je nekoliko tipičnih urbanih problema odjednom, i to skromnim budžetom iz zemlje trećeg svijeta. Mi u ovoj zemlji nemamo izgovora, žao mi je. No zaključak je, njegovo stavljanje građana na prvo mjesto nije bilo zbog kao kažnjavanje onih koji si mogu priuštiti automobile, već kao pružanje prilike svim stanovnicima Bogote za sudjelovanje u obnovi grada. To da izgradnja ne bi trebala biti na račun većine stanovništva još uvijek se smatra radikalnom idejom ovdje u SAD. Ali primjer Bogote ima snagu da to promijeni.
You, however, are blessed with the gift of influence. That's why you're here and why you value the information we exchange. Use your influence in support of comprehensive, sustainable change everywhere. Don't just talk about it at TED. This is a nationwide policy agenda I'm trying to build, and as you all know, politics are personal. Help me make green the new black. Help me make sustainability sexy. Make it a part of your dinner and cocktail conversations. Help me fight for environmental and economic justice. Support investments with a triple-bottom-line return. Help me democratize sustainability by bringing everyone to the table, and insisting that comprehensive planning can be addressed everywhere. Oh good, glad I have a little more time!
Vi ste, međutim, blagoslovljeni darom utjecaja. Zato ste ovdje i zašto cijenite informacije koje razmjenjujemo. Iskoristite svoj utjecaj za podršku cjelovitih i održivih promjena svugdje. Nemojte samo o tome govoriti na TED-u. Ovo je javna politika koju želim proširiti cijelom zemljom, a kao što znate, sva politika je osobna. Pomozite mi da zeleno postane novo crno. Pomozite mi da održivost postane seksi. Učinite je dijelom svojih razgovora tokom večere ili koktela. Pomozite mi izboriti se za pravdu u okolišu i gospodarstvu. Podržite investicije koje podnose "trostruki završni račun". Pomozite mi demokratizirati održivost tako da sve okupimo i inzistirajte da se o urbanizmu može cjelovito raspravljati svugdje. Super, drago mi je da imam još malo vremena!
Listen -- when I spoke to Mr. Gore the other day after breakfast, I asked him how environmental justice activists were going to be included in his new marketing strategy. His response was a grant program. I don't think he understood that I wasn't asking for funding. I was making him an offer.
Slušajte - kada sam neki dan poslije doručka razgovarala s g. Goreom, pitala sam ga kako će aktivisti za ekološku pravdu biti uključeni u njegovu novu marketinšku strategiju Njegov odgovor je bio program donacija. Mislim da nije razumio da ga ja ne tražim novce. Ja sam njemu davala ponudu. (pljesak)
(Applause)
What troubled me was that this top-down approach is still around. Now, don't get me wrong, we need money.
Ono što me smeta je da je ovaj pristup "odozgo prema dolje" još uvijek tu. Nemojte me krivo shvatiti, nama treba novac. (smijeh)
(Laughter)
But grassroots groups are needed at the table during the decision-making process. Of the 90 percent of the energy that Mr. Gore reminded us that we waste every day, don't add wasting our energy, intelligence and hard-earned experience to that count.
Ali grupe građana su potrebne za stolom tijekom procesa odlučivanja. Uz 90% energije za koju nas je g. Gore podsjetio da je svakoga dana rasipamo, nemojte tome dodavati rasipanje naše energije, inteligencije i teško stečenog iskustva. (pljesak)
(Applause)
Došla sam izdaleka da bismo se ovako susreli.
I have come from so far to meet you like this. Please don't waste me. By working together, we can become one of those small, rapidly-growing groups of individuals who actually have the audacity and courage to believe that we actually can change the world. We might have come to this conference from very, very different stations in life, but believe me, we all share one incredibly powerful thing. We have nothing to lose and everything to gain.
Molim, nemojte me odbaciti. Radeći zajedno, možemo postati jedna od onih malih, brzo rastućih skupina pojedinaca koji istinski neustrašivo i hrabro vjeruju da doista možemo promijenti svijet. Možda smo na ovu konferenciju došli iz vrlo, vrlo različitih životnih situacija, ali vjerujte mi, nama je zajedničko nešto izuzetno moćno - nemamo što izgubiti, a možemo sve dobiti. Ciao bellos! (pljesak)
Ciao, bellos!
(Applause)