You know for me, the interest in contemporary forms of slavery started with a leaflet that I picked up in London. It was the early '90s, and I was at a public event. I saw this leaflet and it said, "There are millions of slaves in the world today." And I thought, "No way, no way." And I'm going to admit to hubris. Because I also, I'm going to admit to you, I also thought, "How can I be like a hot-shot young full professor who teaches human rights and not know this? So it can't be true."
Znate, zainteresovao sam se za moderne oblike ropstva kada sam video jedan letak u Londonu. To je bilo ranih devedesetih, bio sam na nekom javnom događaju. Video sam taj letak na kom je pisalo "U svetu danas postoje milioni robova". Ja sam pomislio "Nema šanse, nemoguće". Priznajem svoju oholost. Jer i ja sam, priznaću vam, i ja sam mislio, kako mogu da budem super, mladi redovni profesor koji predaje o ljudskim pravima, a da ne znam ovo, dakle to ne može biti istina.
Well, if you teach, if you worship in the temple of learning, do not mock the gods, because they will take you, fill you with curiosity and desire, and drive you. Drive you with a passion to change things. I went out and did a lit review, 3,000 articles on the key word "slavery." Two turned out to be about contemporary -- only two. All the rest were historical. They were press pieces and they were full of outrage, they were full of speculation, they were anecdotal -- no solid information.
Ali, ako predajete, ako se divite u hramu učenja, ne ismevajte bogove. Jer će vas oni obuzeti, napuniti znatiželjom i željom i podsticati vas, podsticati sa strašću da promenite stvari. Izašao sam i uradio malu analizu. 3000 članaka sa ključnom reči "ropstvo". Dva su bila o savremenom ropstvu - samo dva. Svi ostali bili su istorijski. To su bili delovi iz štampe i bili su sramotni. Puni nagađanja. Bili su anegdotski. Nijedna čvrsta informacija.
So, I began to do a research project of my own. I went to five countries around the world. I looked at slaves. I met slaveholders, and I looked very deeply into slave-based businesses because this is an economic crime. People do not enslave people to be mean to them. They do it to make a profit. And I've got to tell you, what I found out in the world in four different continents, was depressingly familiar. Like this: Agricultural workers in Africa, whipped and beaten, showing us how they were beaten in the fields before they escaped from slavery and met up with our film crew. It was mind-blowing.
Tako sam počeo svoje istraživanje. Obišao sam pet zemalja u svetu. Video sam robove. Upoznao sam robovlasnike. I duboko sam pogledao poslove koji za osnovu imaju ropstvo. Jer ovo je ekonomski zločin. Ljudi ne porobljavaju ljude da bi bili zli prema njima. Rade to zbog zarade. I moram vam reći da ono što sam video, u svetu, na četiri različita kontinenta, bilo je depresivno poznato. Kao ovo. Poljoprivredni radnici u Africi, bičevani i prebijani, pokazuju nam kako su ih tukli u poljima pre nego što su pobegli od ropstva i našli se sa našom filmskom ekipom. Bilo je to potpuno neverovatno.
And I want to be very clear. I'm talking about real slavery. This is not about lousy marriages, this is not about jobs that suck. This is about people who can not walk away, people who are forced to work without pay, people who are operating 24/7 under a threat of violence and have no pay. It's real slavery in exactly the same way that slavery would be recognized throughout all of human history.
Želim da budem veoma jasan. Govorim o pravom ropstvu. Ovde se ne radi o lošim brakovima. Ne radi se o poslovima koji su bez veze. Radi se o ljudima koji ne mogu da odu, ljudima koji su primorani da rade bez nadoknade, ljudima koji rade 24h 7 dana pod pretnjom nasiljem, i nemaju platu. To je pravo ropstvo na potpuno isti način kako bi se definisalo kroz čitavu ljudsku istoriju.
Now, where is it? Well, this map in the sort of redder, yellower colors are the places with the highest densities of slavery. But in fact that kind of bluey color are the countries where we can't find any cases of slavery. And you might notice that it's only Iceland and Greenland where we can't find any cases of enslavement around the world.
E sad, gde je ono? Pa, na ovoj mapi crvenkaste i žućkaste boje predstavljaju mesta sa najvećom gustinom rosptva. Ali zapravo, ovom plavičastom bojom obeležene su zemlje u kojima uopšte nema slučajeva ropstva. Možete primetiti da su jedino Island i Grenland mesta gde ne nalazimo nijedan slučaj ropstva na svetu.
We're also particularly interested and looking very carefully at places where slaves are being used to perpetrate extreme environmental destruction. Around the world, slaves are used to destroy the environment, cutting down trees in the Amazon; destroying forest areas in West Africa; mining and spreading mercury around in places like Ghana and the Congo; destroying the coastal ecosystems in South Asia. It's a pretty harrowing linkage between what's happening to our environment and what's happening to our human rights.
Takođe smo veoma zainteresovani i pažljivo pratimo mesta gde se robovi koriste kako bi pričinjavali ekstremnu destrukciju na okolinu. Širom sveta robovi se koriste da uništavaju okolinu, seku šume u Amazonu, uništavaju šumske predele u Zapadnoj Africi, da miniraju i prosipaju živu u mestima kao što su Gana i Kongo, da uništavaju obalske ekosisteme u Južnoj Aziji. Veza između onoga što se dešava našoj okolini i našim ljudskim pravima je veoma uznemirujuća.
Now, how on Earth did we get to a situation like this, where we have 27 million people in slavery in the year 2010? That's double the number that came out of Africa in the entire transatlantic slave trade. Well, it builds up with these factors. They are not causal, they are actually supporting factors. One we all know about, the population explosion: the world goes from two billion people to almost seven billion people in the last 50 years. Being numerous does not make you a slave. Add in the increased vulnerability of very large numbers of people in the developing world, caused by civil wars, ethnic conflicts, kleptocratic governments, disease ... you name it, you know it.
Kako smo, zaboga, dospeli u ovakvu situaciju gde imamo 27 miliona ljudi koji su robovi, u 2010. godini? To je duplo više ljudi nego što ih je došlo iz Afrike u toku cele transatlantske trgovine robljem. Pa, temelji se na ovim faktorima. Oni nisu uzročni, oni su podržavajući faktori. Prvi svi znamo: eksplozija populacije, svet je dospeo od dve milijarde na skoro sedam milijardi ljudi u poslednjih 50 godina. Biti u velikom broju ne čini vas robom. Dodajte tome povećanu osetljivost veoma velikog broja ljudi u zemljama u razvoju, uzrokovanu građanskim ratovima, etničkim sukobima, kleptokratskim vladama, bolestima, čime god, znate sve.
We understand how that works. In some countries all of those things happen at once, like Sierra Leone a few years ago, and push enormous parts ... about a billion people in the world, in fact, as we know, live on the edge, live in situations where they don't have any opportunity and are usually even destitute. But that doesn't make you a slave either. What it takes to turn a person who is destitute and vulnerable into a slave, is the absence of the rule of law. If the rule of law is sound, it protects the poor and it protects the vulnerable. But if corruption creeps in and people don't have the opportunity to have that protection of the rule of law, then if you can use violence, if you can use violence with impunity, you can reach out and harvest the vulnerable into slavery.
Razumemo kako to funkcioniše. U nekim zemljama se sve ove stvari dešavaju odjednom, kao u Sijera Leoneu pre nekoliko godina. I ogroman broj, oko milijardu ljudi u svetu, koliko mi znamo, žive na ivici, žive u situacijama gde nemaju nikakvu priliku i obično su siromašni. Ali ni to vas ne čini robom. Ono što omogućava da se jedna siromašna i osetljiva osoba pretvori u roba, jeste nedostatak zakona. Ako je zakon jak, on štiti siromašne i štiti osetljive. Ali ako se korupcija uvuče, a ljudi nemaju priliku da imaju tu zaštitu zakona, onda ako možete koristiti nasilje i to ga koristiti nekažnjeno, možete prikupiti veliki broj ranjivih ljudi u ropstvo.
Well, that is precisely what has happened around the world. Though, for a lot of people, the people who step into slavery today don't usually get kidnapped or knocked over the head. They come into slavery because someone has asked them this question.
Pa upravo to se dešava širom sveta. Mada, za mnoge ljude, način na koji postaju robovi, ljudima koji danas postaju robovi ne dešava se da ih kidnapuju ili udare po glavi. Postaju robovi jer im je neko postavio ovo pitanje.
All around the world I've been told an almost identical story. People say, "I was home, someone came into our village, they stood up in the back of a truck, they said, 'I've got jobs, who needs a job?'" And they did exactly what you or I would do in the same situation. They said, "That guy looked sketchy. I was suspicious, but my children were hungry. We needed medicine. I knew I had to do anything I could to earn some money to support the people I care about." They climb into the back of the truck. They go off with the person who recruits them. Ten miles, 100 miles, 1,000 miles later, they find themselves in dirty, dangerous, demeaning work. They take it for a little while, but when they try to leave, bang!, the hammer comes down, and they discover they're enslaved.
Svuda u svetu su mi ispričali skoro identičnu priču. Ljudi kažu, "Bio sam kod kuće, neko je došao u naše selo, stao u prikolici kamioneta i rekao 'Nudim posao, kome je potreban posao?'" I oni su učinili isto ono što bismo vi i ja učinili u istoj situaciji. Rekli su, "Taj tip je izgledao sumnjivo. Bio sam sumnjičav. Ali moja deca su bila gladna. Bili su nam potrebni lekovi. Znao sam da moram da uradim šta god mogu da zaradim nešto novca da izdržavam ljude do kojih mi je stalo." Uđu u prikolicu. Odu sa osobom koja ih je pozvala. 15km, 150km, 1500km kasnije nađu se u prljavim, opasnim, ponižavajućim poslovima. Podnose to neko vreme, ali kada pokušaju da odu, bum, čekić udara i otkrivaju da su zarobljeni.
Now, that kind of slavery is, again, pretty much what slavery has been all through human history. But there is one thing that is particularly remarkable and novel about slavery today, and that is a complete collapse in the price of human beings -- expensive in the past, dirt cheap now. Even the business programs have started picking up on this. I just want to share a little clip for you.
Sad, ta vrsta ropstva je, opet kažem, ono što je ropstvo i bilo kroz ljudsku istoriju. Ali postoji jedna stvar koja je prilično značajna i nova u vezi sa današnjim ropstvom, a to je potpuni pad cene ljudskih bića. Skupi u prošlosti, odvratno jevtini danas, čak su i poslovni programi počeli ovo da prate. Želim da vam pustim jedan video klip.
Daphne: OK. Llively discussion guaranteed here, as always, as we get macro and talk commodities. Continuing here in the studio with our guest Michael O'Donohue, head of commodities at Four Continents Capital Management. And we're also joined by Brent Lawson from Lawson Frisk Securities.
Video: Žena: Ok, živa diskusija je zagarantovana ovde, kao i uvek, dok pričamo o robi. Nastavljamo u studiju, naš gost je Majkl O'Donohju, šef za proizvode u Four Continents Capital Management. Pridružio nam se i Brent Loson iz Loson Frisk Securities.
Brent Lawson: Happy to be here.
Brent Loson: Drago mi je što sam ovde.
D: Good to have you with us, Brent. Now, gentlemen ... Brent, where is your money going this year?
Žena: I nama je drago što ste s nama, Brent. Sad, gospodo, Brent, gde vaš novac ide ove godine?
BL: Well Daphne, we've been going short on gas and oil recently and casting our net just a little bit wider. We really like the human being story a lot. If you look at a long-term chart, prices are at historical lows and yet global demand for forced labor is still real strong. So, that's a scenario that we think we should be capitalizing on.
BL: Pa, Dafni, u poslednje vreme nam ponestaje nafte i gasa i mrežu bacamo malo dalje. Veoma nam se dopada priča o ljudskim bićima. Ako pogledate dugotrajne podatke, cene su najniže u istoriji a globalna potražnja za prisilnom radnom snagom je i dalje velika. Dakle, to je priča u koju mislimo da ulažemo.
D: Michael, what's your take on the people story? Are you interested?
D: Majkl, kakvo je vaše stanovište na ovu temu? Da li ste zainteresovani?
Michael O'Donoghue: Oh definitely. Non-voluntary labor's greatest advantage as an asset is the endless supply. We're not about to run out of people. No other commodity has that.
Majkl O'Donohju: O, definitivno. Najveća prednost nedobrovoljnog rada kao imovine jesu neograničene zalihe. Neće nam ponestati ljudi. Nijedna duga roba nije takva.
BL: Daphne, if I may draw your attention to one thing. That is that private equity has been sniffing around, and that tells me that this market is about to explode. Africans and Indians, as usual, South Americans, and Eastern Europeans in particular are on our buy list.
BL: Dafni, ako mogu da vam skrenem pažnju na nešto, a to je da je i privatni kapital zainteresovan. A to mi govori da će ovo tržište da doživi eksploziju. Afrikanci i Indijci, kao i obično, Južnoamerikanci i Istočnoevropljani posebno, nalaze se na našoj listi za kupovinu.
D: Interesting. Micheal, bottom line, what do you recommend?
D: Zanimljivo. Majkl, vaša poenta, šta preporučujete?
MO: We're recommending to our clients a buy and hold strategy. There's no need to play the market. There's a lot of vulnerable people out there. It's very exciting.
MO: Našim klijentima preporučujemo strategiju kupi i čuvaj. Nema potrebe da se manipuliše tržištem. Mnogo je ranjivih ljudi u svetu. Vrlo je uzbudljivo.
D: Exciting stuff indeed. Gentlemen, thank you very much.
D: Uzbudljivo, zaista. Gospodo, mnogo vam hvala.
Kevin Bales: Okay, you figured it out. That's a spoof. Though I enjoyed watching your jaws drop, drop, drop, until you got it. MTV Europe worked with us and made that spoof, and they've been slipping it in between music videos without any introduction, which I think is kind of fun. Here's the reality. The price of human beings across the last 4,000 years in today's money has averaged about 40,000 dollars. Capital purchase items. You can see that the lines cross when the population explodes.
Kevin Bejls: Ok, provalili ste. Ovo je lažnjak. Mada sam uživao gledajući kako vam vilice padaju, padaju, padaju, dok niste shvatili. MTV Europe je radio s nama i napravio ovaj skeč. I puštaju ga između muzičkih spotova, bez ikakvog uvoda, što mislim da je nekako zabavno. Ovo je stvarnost. Cena ljudskog bića u poslednjih 40.000 godina, u današnjem novcu, bila je u proseku 40.000$. Kapitalne investicije. Vidite da se linije ukrštaju kada populacija raste.
The average price of a human being today, around the world, is about 90 dollars. They are more expensive in places like North America. Slaves cost between 3,000 to 8,000 dollars in North America, but I could take you places in India or Nepal where human beings can be acquired for five or 10 dollars. They key here is that people have ceased to be that capital purchase item and become like Styrofoam cups. You buy them cheaply, you use them, you crumple them up, and then when you're done with them you just throw them away.
Prosečna cena ljudskog bića danas, u svetu je oko 90$. Skuplji su u mestima kao što je Severna Amerika. Robovi koštaju između 3.000$ i 8.000$ u Severnoj Americi. Ali mogu vas povesti na mesta kao što su Indija ili Nepal, gde se ljudska bića mogu nabaviti za 5 ili 10$. Ključ je u tome što ljudi nisu više predmet kapitalne investicije, postali su kao plastične čaše. Jevtino ih kupujete. Koristite ih. Zgužvate ih. I kada završite s njima, jednostavno ih odbacite.
These young boys are in Nepal. They are basically the transport system on a quarry run by a slaveholder. There are no roads there, so they carry loads of stone on their backs, often of their own weight, up and down the Himalaya Mountains. One of their mothers said to us, "You know, we can't survive here, but we can't even seem to die either." It's a horrible situation. And if there is anything that makes me feel very positive about this, it's that there are also -- in addition to young men like this who are still enslaved -- there are ex-slaves who are now working to free others. Or, we say, Frederick Douglass is in the house.
Ovi mladići su u Nepalu. Oni su ustvari transportni sistem u kamenolomu jednog robovlasnika. Ovde nema puteva. Znači, oni nose tovare kamena često svoje težine, na svojim leđima, gore i dole uz Himalaje. Jedna od njihovih majki nam je rekla, "Znate, ovde ne možemo preživeti, ali izgleda da ne možemo ni umreti." To je užasna situacija. I ako postoji išta što čini da se osetim dobro u vezi sa ovim, to je da postoje, pored mladića kao što su ovi koji su još uvek u ropstvu, i bivši robovi koji sada rade na oslobađanju drugih. Ili, kažemo Frederik Daglas je stigao.
I don't know if you've ever had a daydream about, "Wow. What would it be like to meet Harriet Tubman? What would it be like to meet Frederick Douglass?" I've got to say, one of the most exciting parts about my job is that I get to, and I want to introduce you to one of those. His name is James Kofi Annan. He was a slave child in Ghana enslaved in the fishing industry, and he now, after escape and building a new life, has formed an organization that we work closely with to go back and get people out of slavery. This is not James, this is one of the kids that he works with.
Ne znam da li ste ikada maštali o tome kako bi bilo upoznati Harijet Tubman? Kako bi bilo upoznati Frederika Daglasa? Moram reći, jedan od najuzbudljivijih delova mog posla je taj što ih ja upoznajem. Želim da vam predstavim nekoga. Zove se Džejms Kofi Anan. Kao dete bio je rob u Gani, zarobila ga je ribolovačka industrija. A on je sada, pošto je pobegao i izgradio novi život, osnovao organizaciju sa kojom sarađujemo, za oslobađanje ljudi od ropstva. Ovo nije Džejms. Ovo je jedno od dece sa kojima radi.
James Kofi Annan (Video): He was hit with a paddle in the head. And this reminds me of my childhood when I used to work here.
Video: Džejms Kofi Anan: Udarili su ga batinom, znate, po glavi. A to me podseća na moje detinjstvo, kada sam radio ovde.
KB: James and our country director in Ghana, Emmanuel Otoo are now receiving regular death threats because the two of them managed to get convictions and imprisonment for three human traffickers for the very first time in Ghana for enslaving people, from the fishing industry, for enslaving children.
KB: Džejms i naš režiser iz Gane Emanuel Oto redovno dobijaju pretnje smrću jer su njih dvojica pomogli u tome da se tri trgovca ljudima osude i zatvore po prvi put u Gani, jer su porobljavali ljude za ribarsku industriju, i zbog porobljavanja dece.
Now, everything I've been telling you, I admit, is pretty disheartening. But there is actually a very positive side to this, and that is this: The 27 million people who are in slavery today, that's a lot of people, but it's also the smallest fraction of the global population to ever be in slavery. And likewise, the 40 billion dollars that they generate into the global economy each year is the tiniest proportion of the global economy to ever be represented by slave labor.
Priznajem da je sve što vam govorim prilično obeshrabrujuće. Ali zapravo postoji i pozitivna strana ovoga. A to je da je 27 miliona ljudi koji su robovi danas, to je dosta ljudi, ali je takođe najmanji deo globalne populacije u ropstvu do sada. I slično tome, 40 milijardi dolara kojim doprinose globalnoj ekonomiji svake godine je namanji deo globalne zarade koji su robovi do sada zaradili.
Slavery, illegal in every country has been pushed to the edges of our global society. And in a way, without us even noticing, has ended up standing on the precipice of its own extinction, waiting for us to give it a big boot and knock it over. And get rid of it. And it can be done.
Ropstvo, koje je ilegalno u svakoj zemlji, gurnuto je na margine našeg globalnog društva. I na neki način, niko nije primetio, ali ono stoji na ivici sopstvene propasti, čeka da ga gurnemo i prevrnemo i da ga se otarasimo. To se može učiniti.
Now, if we do that, if we put the resources and the focus to it, what does it actually cost to get people out of slavery? Well, first, before I even tell you the cost I've got to be absolutely clear. We do not buy people out of slavery. Buying people out of slavery is like paying a burglar to get your television back; it's abetting a crime. Liberation, however, costs some money.
Sad, kad bismo to uradili, kad bismo uložili resurse i usmerili pažnju na to, koliko zapravo košta da se ljudi oslobode ropstva? Prvo, pre nego što vam kažem tu cenu želim da razjasnim nešto. Mi ne otkupljujemo ljude od robovlasnika. To bi bilo kao da platite lopovu da vam vrati vaš televizor. To je pomaganje zločinu. Međutim, oslobađanje košta.
Liberation, and more importantly all the work that comes after liberation. It's not an event, it's a process. It's about helping people to build lives of dignity, stability, economic autonomy, citizenship. Well, amazingly, in places like India where costs are very low, that family, that three-generation family that you see there who were in hereditary slavery -- so, that granddad there, was born a baby into slavery -- but the total cost, amortized across the rest of the work, was about 150 dollars to bring that family out of slavery and then take them through a two year process to build a stable life of citizenship and education.
Oslobađanje i što je važnije, sav posao koji sledi posle oslobađanja. To nije događaj, to je proces. Pomaganje ljudima da izgrade dostojanstvene živote, stabilne, ekonomski nezavisne, građanske. Začudo, u mestima kao što je Indija gde su cene veoma niske, ta porodica, trogeneracijska porodica koju vidite, je u naslednom ropstvu. Znači taj deda, on se rodio kao rob. Ali ukupni trošak, amortizovan preko ostatka posla, bio je oko 150$ za oslobađanje te porodice od ropstva i provođenje kroz dvogodišnji proces izgradnje stabilnog građanskog života i obrazovanja.
A boy in Ghana rescued from fishing slavery, about 400 dollars. In the United States, North America, much more expensive. Legal costs, medical costs ... we understand that it's expensive here: about 30,000 dollars. But most of the people in the world in slavery live in those places where the costs are lowest. And in fact, the global average is about what it is for Ghana.
Spasavanje dečaka u Gani iz ropstva u ribolovu, oko 400$. U Sjedinjenim Državama, u Severnoj Americi, mnogo je skuplje, pravni troškovi, medicinski troškovi, shvatamo da je ovde to skupo, oko 30.000$. Ali najviše ljudi u svetu ropstva živi u tim mestima gde su troškovi najniži. Ustvari, prosek na globalnom nivou je kao taj u Gani.
And that means, when you multiply it up, the estimated cost of not just freedom but sustainable freedom for the entire 27 million people on the planet in slavery is something like 10.8 billion dollars -- what Americans spend on potato chips and pretzels, what Seattle is going to spend on its light rail system: usually the annual expenditure in this country on blue jeans, or in the last holiday period when we bought GameBoys and iPods and other tech gifts for people, we spent 10.8 billion dollars. Intel's fourth quarter earnings: 10.8 billion.
A to znači da, ako pomnožite to procenjeni trošak ne samo slobode, nego održive slobode, za svih 27 miliona ljudi na planeti koji su robovi, je oko 10.8 milijardi dolara, koliko Amerikanci potroše na čips i perece, koliko će Sijetl da potroši na svoj sistem lake železnice, uglavnom godišnja potrošnja ove zemlje na džins, ili u poslednjoj sezoni odmora, kada smo kupovali GameBoy ili iPod ili druge tehničke poklone, potrošili smo 10.8 milijardi dolara. Intelova zarada u poslednjem kvartalu je 10.8 milijardi.
It's not a lot of money at the global level. In fact, it's peanuts. And the great thing about it is that it's not money down a hole, there is a freedom dividend. When you let people out of slavery to work for themselves, are they motivated? They take their kids out of the workplace, they build a school, they say, "We're going to have stuff we've never had before like three squares, medicine when we're sick, clothing when we're cold." They become consumers and producers and local economies begin to spiral up very rapidly.
To na globalnom nivou nije mnogo novca, ustvari veoma je malo. A najboja stvar u vezi s time je što to nije bačen novac, to je ulog u slobodu. Kada oslobodite ljude ropstva, kada mogu da rade za sebe, da li su motivisani? Odvedu svoju decu dalje od radnih mesta, izgrade školu, kažu "Imaćemo nešto što pre nismo imali, tri kvadrata, lek kada smo bolesni, odeću kad nam je hladno." Postaju konzumenti i proizvođači i lokalna ekonomija vrtoglavo raste.
That's important, all of that about how we rebuild sustainable freedom, because we'd never want to repeat what happened in this country in 1865. Four million people were lifted up out of slavery and then dumped. Dumped without political participation, decent education, any kind of real opportunity in terms of economic lives, and then sentenced to generations of violence and prejudice and discrimination. And America is still paying the price for the botched emancipation of 1865.
To je važno, sve o tome kako ponovo izgrađujemo održivu slobodu, jer ne želimo da ponovimo ono što se desilo u ovoj zemlji 1865. Četiri miliona ljudi je oslobođeno ropstva i onda ostavljeno, ostavljeno bez političkog angažovanja, pristojnog obrazovanja, bilo kakve prave prilike u smislu ekonomskog života, i osuđeno na godine nasilja i predrasuda i diskriminacije. A America još uvek plaća cenu za loše sprovedenu emancipaciju 1865.
We have made a commitment that we will never let people come out of slavery on our watch, and end up as second class citizens. It's just not going to happen. This is what liberation really looks like. Children rescued from slavery in the fishing industry in Ghana, reunited with their parents, and then taken with their parents back to their villages to rebuild their economic well-being so that they become slave-proof -- absolutely unenslaveable.
Obavezali smo se da, dok se mi pitamo, nikada nećemo dopustiti da se ljudi oslobode ropstva i završe kao drugorazredni građani. To se jednostavno neće desiti. Ovako stvarno izgleda oslobođenje. Deca koja su oslobođena ropstva u ribarskoj industirji u Gani, ponovo spojena sa svojim roditeljima i onda s njima odevedena nazad u svoja sela da obnavljaju ekonomsko stanje kako bi postali otporni, otporni na porobljavanje.
Now, this woman lived in a village in Nepal. We'd been working there about a month. They had just begun to come out of a hereditary kind of slavery. They'd just begun to light up a little bit, open up a little bit. But when we went to speak with her, when we took this photograph, the slaveholders were still menacing us from the sidelines. They hadn't been really pushed back. I was frightened. We were frightened. We said to her, "Are you worried? Are you upset?"
Ova žena je živela u jednom selu u Nepalu. Radili smo tamo oko mesec dana. Oni su tek počeli da izlaze iz naslednog ropstva. Tek je počinjalo da bude bolje, otvarali su se. Ali kada smo išli da razgovaramo s njom, kad smo je fotografisali, robovlasnici su nam i dalje pretili sa strana. Nisu bili stvarno sklonjeni. Bio sam uplašen. Svi smo bili uplašeni. Pitali smo je, "Da li ste uplašeni? Da li ste uznemireni?"
She said, "No, because we've got hope now. How could we not succeed," she said, "when people like you from the other side of the world are coming here to stand beside us?"
Rekla je, "Ne, jer sada imamo nade. Kako da ne uspemo", rekla je, "kada ljudi kao vi s drugog kraja sveta dolaze ovde da stanu uz nas?"
Okay, we have to ask ourselves, are we willing to live in a world with slavery? If we don't take action, we just leave ourselves open to have someone else jerk the strings that tie us to slavery in the products we buy, and in our government policies. And yet, if there's one thing that every human being can agree on, I think it's that slavery should end.
OK, moramo da se zapitamo da li želimo da živimo u svetu u kom postoji ropstvo. Ako ništa ne preduzimamo, prepuštamo nekome drugom da vuče konce koji nas vezuju za ropstvo kroz proizvode koje kupujemo, i kroz politike naših vlada. Opet, ako postoji jedna stvar oko koje svi ljudi mogu da se slože, to je, po mom mišljenju, da ropstvu mora doći kraj.
And if there is a fundamental violation of our human dignity that we would all say is horrific, it's slavery. And we've got to say, what good is all of our intellectual and political and economic power -- and I'm really thinking intellectual power in this room -- if we can't use it to bring slavery to an end? I think there is enough intellectual power in this room to bring slavery to an end. And you know what? If we can't do that, if we can't use our intellectual power to end slavery, there is one last question: Are we truly free? Okay, thank you so much. (Applause)
I ako postoji značajno ugrožavanje našeg ljudskog dostojanstva, za koje možemo svi reći da je užasno, onda je to ropstvo. Moramo se zapitati kakva je korist od sve naše intelektualne, političke i ekonomske moći, a ovde mislim na intelektualnu moć u ovoj prostoriji, ako ne možemo da je iskoristimo da okončamo ropstvo? Mislim da u ovoj prostoriji ima dovoljno intelektualne moći da okonča ropstvo. I znate šta? Ako to ne možemo da uradimo, ako ne možemo da iskoristimo našu intelektualnu moć da okončamo ropstvo, ostaje još samo jedno pitanje, da li smo zaista slobodni? OK, mnogo vam hvala. (aplauz)