The work of a transportation commissioner isn't just about stop signs and traffic signals. It involves the design of cities and the design of city streets. Streets are some of the most valuable resources that a city has, and yet it's an asset that's largely hidden in plain sight. And the lesson from New York over the past six years is that you can update this asset. You can remake your streets quickly, inexpensively, it can provide immediate benefits, and it can be quite popular. You just need to look at them a little differently.
Posao sekretara za saobraćaj nije samo u organizovanju saobraćajnih signala i znakova. Posao uključuje projektovanje gradova i planiranje gradskih ulica. Ulice su jedne od najvrednijih resursa, koje grad poseduje, a ipak njihove mogućnosti su duboko sakrivene u gradskoj vrevi. Pouka iz Njujorka, u poslednjih šest godina je da možete osvežiti ovaj resurs. Možete preurediti vaše ulice brzo, isplativo, pružajući pogodnosti istog trenutka i sve to može biti veoma popularno. Potrebno je samo da ih posmatrate malo drugačije.
This is important because we live in an urban age. For the first time in history, most people live in cities, and the U.N. estimates that over the next 40 years, the population is going to double on the planet. So the design of cities is a key issue for our future. Mayor Bloomberg recognized this when he launched PlaNYC in 2007. The plan recognized that cities are in a global marketplace, and that if we're going to continue to grow and thrive and to attract the million more people that are expected to move here, we need to focus on the quality of life and the efficiency of our infrastructure.
Ovo je važno, jer živimo u urbanom dobu. Prvi put u istoriji, većina ljudi živi u gradovima, UN procenjuje da će se tokom sledećIh 40 godina, populacija udvostručiti. Projektovanje gradova je tako ključno pitanje naše budućnosti. Gradonačelnik Blumberg je prepoznao ovo kada je pokrenuo PlaNYC, 2007. Plan priznaje i gradove kao delove globalnog tržišta, i ako ćemo nastaviti da se uvećavamo i razvijamo i da privlačimo još milion ljudi koji će se preseliti ovde, moramo se usredsrediti na kvalitet života i efikasnost naše infrastrukture.
For many cities, our streets have been in a kind of suspended animation for generations. This is a picture of Times Square in the '50s, and despite all of the technological innovation, cultural changes, political changes, this is Times Square in 2008. Not much has changed in those 50 years. So we worked hard to refocus our agenda, to maximize efficient mobility, providing more room for buses, more room for bikes, more room for people to enjoy the city, and to make our streets as safe as they can be for everybody that uses them.
U mnogim gradovima, ulice su već generacijama u nekoj vrsti hibernacije. Ovo je slika Tajms Skvera, pedesetih godina, i uprkos mnogim tehnološkim dostignućima, kulturološkim i političkim promenama, ovo je Tajms Skver, 2008. Nije se mnogo promenilo u ovih 50 godina. Radili smo naporno da prilagodimo plan, da povećamo pokretljivost, omogućimo više mesta za autobuse i bicikle, više mesta za ljude da uživaju u gradu, i da bezbednost naših ulica bude maksimalna za sve koji ih koriste.
We set out a clear action plan with goals and benchmarks. Having goals is important, because if you want to change and steer the ship of a big city in a new direction, you need to know where you're going and why.
Postavili smo jasan akcioni plan sa ciljevima i merilima. Imati ciljeve je važno, jer ako želite da promenite i upravljate kormilom velikog grada, morate znati kuda idete i zašto.
The design of a street can tell you everything about what's expected on it. In this case, it's expected that you shelter in place. The design of this street is really to maximize the movement of cars moving as quickly as possible from point A to point B, and it misses all the other ways that a street is used.
Plan jedne ulice vam može reći sve o tome šta se očekuje na njoj. U ovom slučaju, to je pronalaženje zaklona. Plan ove ulice je zaista samo maksimalna pokretljivost atomobila, kretati se što je brže moguće od tačke A do tačke B, a zanemareni su svi drugi načini na koje se ulica koristi.
When we started out, we did some early surveys about how our streets were used, and we found that New York City was largely a city without seats. Pictures like this, people perched on a fire hydrant, not the mark of a world-class city. (Laughter) It's not great for parents with kids. It's not great for seniors. It's not great for retailers. It's probably not good for the fire hydrants. Certainly not good for the police department.
Kada smo počeli, radili smo neka istraživanja o tome koliko su naše ulice funkcionalne, i otkrili smo da je grad Njujork grad bez mesta za sedenje. Ovakve slike ljudi natakarenih na hidrante, nisu baš karakteristike svetskih gradova. (Smeh) Nije sjajno ni roditeljima sa decom. Nije sjajno ni za penzionere, niti za prodavce. I verovatno nije dobro za hidrante za vodu. Sigurno loše i za policajce.
So we worked hard to change that balance, and probably the best example of our new approach is in Times Square. Three hundred and fifty thousand people a day walk through Times Square, and people had tried for years to make changes. They changed signals, they changed lanes, everything they could do to make Times Square work better. It was dangerous, hard to cross the street. It was chaotic. And so, none of those approaches worked, so we took a different approach, a bigger approach, looked at our street differently. And so we did a six-month pilot. We closed Broadway from 42nd Street to 47th Street and created two and a half acres of new pedestrian space. And the temporary materials are an important part of the program, because we were able to show how it worked. And I work for a data-driven mayor, as you probably know. So it was all about the data. So if it worked better for traffic, if it was better for mobility, if it was safer, better for business, we would keep it, and if it didn't work, no harm, no foul, we could put it back the way that it was, because these were temporary materials. And that was a very big part of the buy-in, much less anxiety when you think that something can be put back. But the results were overwhelming. Traffic moved better. It was much safer. Five new flagship stores opened. It's been a total home run. Times Square is now one of the top 10 retail locations on the planet. And this is an important lesson, because it doesn't need to be a zero-sum game between moving traffic and creating public space.
Mi smo zato vredno radili da promenimo takve situacije, i najverovatnije, najbolji primer našeg novog pristupa je upravo Tajms Skver. 350 000 ljudi dnevno prolazi Tajms Skverom, i ljudi su godinama pokušavali da nešto izmene. Menjali su semafore, trake, sve što su mogli da bi Tajms Skver funkcionisao bolje. Bilo je opasno, teško preći ulicu. Bilo je haotično. Ali nijedan od ovih pristupa nije bio uspešan, tako da smo mi primenili drugačiji, sveobuhvatan metod, posmatrali smo naše ulice drugačije. Pokušali smo sa šestomesečnim pilot programom. Zatvorili smo Brodvej od 42. do 47. ulice i napravili oko 0,8 hektara novog prostora za pešake. I privremeni materijali su bitan deo ovog programa, zato što smo mogli da pokažemo kako je to sve funkcionisalo. Radim za gradonačelnika koji se oslanja na podatke, kao što verovatno znate. Tako da je sve bilo u podacima. Ako je rezultat bolji za saobraćaj, bolji za pokretljivost, ako je bilo sigurnije, bolje za poslovanje, nastavili bismo do daljnjeg, a ako ne bi funkcionisalo, nema štete, nema greške, mogli smo sve vratiti kako je bilo, jer smo koristili privremene materijale. I to je bilo od velikog značaja prilikom donošenja odluke, mnogo manje nervoze kada mislite da nešto može biti vraćeno. Ali rezultati su bili rasterećujući. Sabraćaj je bio bolji. Bilo je mnogo bezbednije. Pet novih trgovinskih lanaca je otvoreno. Bio je to pravi pogodak. Tajms Skver je sada među 10 najboljih trgovinskih lokacija. I ovo je važna lekcija, jer možemo imati i dobar saobraćaj i javni prostor.
Every project has its surprises, and one of the big surprises with Times Square was how quickly people flocked to the space. We put out the orange barrels, and people just materialized immediately into the street. It was like a Star Trek episode, you know? They weren't there before, and then zzzzzt! All the people arrived. Where they'd been, I don't know, but they were there. And this actually posed an immediate challenge for us, because the street furniture had not yet arrived. So we went to a hardware store and bought hundreds of lawn chairs, and we put those lawn chairs out on the street. And the lawn chairs became the talk of the town. It wasn't about that we'd closed Broadway to cars. It was about those lawn chairs. "What did you think about the lawn chairs?" "Do you like the color of the lawn chairs?" So if you've got a big, controversial project, think about lawn chairs. (Laughter)
U svakom projektu ima iznenađenja, i jedno veliko iznenađenje sa Tajms Skverom je kako su ljudi brzo isplivali na prostor. Samo smo stavili znakove i ljudi su se samo pojavili na ulici. Bilo je isto kao epizoda Zvezdanih staza. Nekada ih tamo nije bilo i odjednom zzzuummm! Ljudi su stigli. Gde su bili pre, ne znam, ali tada su svi bili tamo. Tada je za nas usledio i jedan veliki izazov, jer klupe za sedenje još uvek nisu stigle. Tako da smo otišli u prodavnicu, i kupili na stotine baštenskih stolica, koje smo stavili na ulicu. I te baštenske stolice su sada postale deo gradskih priča. Nije bilo bitno što smo zatvorili Brodvej za saobraćaj. Bile su bitne baštenske stolice. "Šta misliš o baštenskim stolicama?" "Da li ti se sviđaju boje baštenskih stolica?" Tako da, ako budete imali ogroman i kontroverzan projekat, mislite o baštenskim stolicama. (Smeh)
This is the final design for Times Square, and it will create a level surface, sidewalk to sidewalk, beautiful pavers that have studs in them to reflect the light from the billboards, creating a great new energy on the street, and we think it's going to really create a great place, a new crossroads of the world that is worthy of its name. And we will be cutting the ribbon on this, the first phase, this December.
Ovo je finalno uređenje Tajms Skvera, i kao rezultat imaćemo ravnu površinu, trotoar do trotoara, prelepu kaldrmu sa šarama, koje reflektuju svetlost sa bilborda praveći potpuno novu atmosferu na ulici, i mislimo de će tako nastati divno mesto, nova svetska raskrsnica koja je vredna svog imena. I svečano ćemo otvoriti prvu fazu ovog decembra.
With all of our projects, our public space projects, we work closely with local businesses and local merchant groups who maintain the spaces, move the furniture, take care of the plants. This is in front of Macy's, and they were a big supporter of this new approach, because they understood that more people on foot is better for business.
Sa svim našim projektima, koji uključuju javne površine, mi blisko sarađujemo sa lokalnim trgovinama, i lokalnim privrednim grupama, koje održavaju prostore, premeštaju klupe, brinu o biljkama. Ovo je ispred Mejsija i oni su bili velika podrška ovom našem novom pristupu, jer su shvatili, da više pešaka znači i bolji posao.
And we've done these projects all across the city in all kinds of neighborhoods. This is in Bed-Stuy, Brooklyn, and you can see the short leg that was there, used for cars, that's not really needed. So what we did is we painted over the street, put down epoxy gravel, and connected the triangle to the storefronts on Grand Avenue, created a great new public space, and it's been great for businesses along Grand Avenue. We did the same thing in DUMBO, in Brooklyn, and this is one of our first projects that we did, and we took an underutilized, pretty dingy-looking parking lot and used some paint and planters to transform it over a weekend. And in the three years since we've implemented the project, retail sales have increased 172 percent. And that's twice that of adjacent areas in the same neighborhood.
Ovakve projekte smo radili širom grada u svakakvim naseljima. Ovo je u predgrađu Bruklina, i možete videti jednu kratku ulicu koja je tamo korišćena za atomobile, ali ne i zaista potrebna. Tako da smo mi prefarbali ulicu, stavili epoksidni šljunak, i povezali ovaj trougao sa izlozima Velike Avenije, praveći jedan potpuno nov javni prostor, i to je bilo odlično za prodavnice dužinom Velike Avenije. Istu stvar smo uradili i u naselju DUMBO, u Bruklinu, to je bilo među našim prvim projektima, gde smo preuredili nekorišćeno, prilično prljavo parkiralište, upotrebili boju i razne sadnice da bismo sve potpuno transformisali tokom vikenda. Nakon tri godine od sprovođenja projekta, prodaja se uvećala za 172 procenata. I to je dva puta više od susednih delova istog pregrađa.
We've moved very, very quickly with paint and temporary materials. Instead of waiting through years of planning studies and computer models to get something done, we've done it with paint and temporary materials. And the proof is not in a computer model. It is in the real-world performance of the street. You can have fun with paint.
Kretali smo se jako, jako brzo, sa farbom i privremenim materijalima. Umesto čekanja i godina planiranja i proučavanja i kompjuterskih modela da bi se nešto uradilo, mi smo to završili pomoću boje i privremenih materijala. I dokaz nije u kompjuterskim modelima ulica. Dokaz je u nastupu na pravim gradskim ulicama. Možete se zabavljati sa bojama.
All told, we've created over 50 pedestrian plazas in all five boroughs across the city. We've repurposed 26 acres of active car lanes and turned them into new pedestrian space.
Sve u svemu, napravili smo preko 50 pešačkih oaza u svih pet opština širom grada. Preuredili smo i oko 10 hektara aktivnih kolovoznih traka i pretvorili ih u nov prostor za pešake.
I think one of the successes is in its emulation. You're seeing this kind of approach, since we've painted Times Square, you've seen this approach in Boston, in Chicago, in San Francisco, in Mexico City, Buenos Aires, you name it. This is actually in Los Angeles, and they actually copied even the green dots that we had on the streets. But I can't underscore enough how much more quickly this enables you to move over traditional construction methods.
Mislim da je jedan od uspeha u širenju našeg programa. Ovakve pristupe, od kada smo počeli sređivanje Tajms Skvera, možete videti i u Bostonu, Čikagu, San Francisku, Meksiko Sitiju, Buenos Airesu, gde kod poželite. Ovde je, u stvari, Los Anđeles, oni su čak iskopiraliI i zelene tačke koje mi imamo na ulicama. Ono što ne mogu da naglasim dovoljno je koliko ovaj program omogućava mnogo brže kretanje u odnosu na tradicionalne metode projektovanja.
We also brought this quick-acting approach to our cycling program, and in six years turned cycling into a real transportation option in New York. I think it's fair to say -- (Applause) -- it used to be a fairly scary place to ride a bike, and now New York has become one of the cycling capitals in the United States.
Mi smo, isto tako, ovakav pristup primenili i na program za bicikliste, i za šest godina pretvorili vožnju bicikla u ozbiljan vid transporta u Njujorku. Mislim de je u redu reći to - (Aplauz) nekada je ovde bilo prilično zastrašujuće voziti bicikl, a sada je Njujork jedna od prestonica biciklizma u SAD.
And we moved quickly to create an interconnected network of lanes. You can see the map in 2007. This is how it looked in 2013 after we built out 350 miles of on-street bike lanes. I love this because it looks so easy. You just click it, and they're there. We also brought new designs to the street. We created the first parking-protected bike lane in the United States.
Brzo smo se kretali da bismo napravili mrežu biciklističkih traka. Ova mapa je iz 2007. godine. Ovako izgleda u 2013. godini, posle dodatnih 563 km traka za bicikle. Ovo volim, jer izgleda tako lako. Samo kliknete, i eto, tu je. Doprineli smo i novom izgledu ulica. Napravljene su prve trake koje su štitile bicikliste prilikom parkiranja u SAD.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
We protected bikers by floating parking lanes, and it's been great. Bike volumes have spiked. Injuries to all users, pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, are all down 50 percent. And we've built 30 miles of these protected bike lanes, and now you're seeing them pop up all over the country. And you can see here that this strategy has worked. The blue line is the number of cyclists, soaring. The green line is the number of bike lanes. And the yellow line is the number of injuries, which has remained essentially flat. After this big expansion, you've seen no net increase in injuries, and so there is something to that axiom that there is safety in numbers.
Ogradili smo bicikliste trakama za parkiranje automobila i to je bilo odlično. Broj bicikala je uvećan. Povrede pešaka, biciklista, vozača, su smanjene za 50%. Napravili smo 48 km ovih zaštitnih biciklističkih traka, i sada vidite kako iskrsavaju svuda po državi. Ovde vidite da je ova strategija uspešna. Plava linija je broj biciklista, rastuća. Zelena je broj traka, i žuta broj povreda, koja je ostala u osnovi ravna. Posle ovog velikog porasta, vidite da nema ukupnog porasta broja povreda, i u ovom aksiomu pronalazimo sigrnost koje nam daju brojke.
Not everybody liked the new bike lanes, and there was a lawsuit and somewhat of a media frenzy a couple years ago. One Brooklyn paper called this bike lane that we have on Prospect Park West "the most contested piece of land outside of the Gaza Strip."
Nisu se svima dopale naše nove biciklističke trake, i bilo je i tužbi i nekakve medijske pomame pre par godina. Jedne bruklinske novine nazvale su naše biciklističke trake, koje imamo u Bruklinu, u zapadnom Prospekt Parku, "Najviše osporavano parče zemlje van pojasa Gaze."
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
And this is what we had done. So if you dig below the headlines, though, you'll see that the people were far ahead of the press, far ahead of the politicians. In fact, I think most politicians would be happy to have those kind of poll numbers. Sixty-four percent of New Yorkers support these bike lanes.
A ovo je ono što smo uradili. Ako malo zagrebete ispod naslova, videćete da su ljudi daleko ispred štampe, daleko ispred političara, U stvari, mislim da bi većina političara bila srećna da ima ovoliko pristalica. 60% Njujorčana podržava naše trake za bicikle.
This summer, we launched Citi Bike, the largest bike share program in the United States, with 6,000 bikes and 330 stations located next to one another. Since we've launched the program, three million trips have been taken. People have ridden seven million miles. That's 280 times around the globe. And so with this little blue key, you can unlock the keys to the city and this brand new transportation option.
Ovog leta, pokrenuli smo "City bike", najveći program iznajmljivanja bicikala u SAD, sa 6000 bicikala, i 330 stanica poređanih jedna do druge. Od kada smo pokrenuli program, tri miliona vožnji je zabeleženo. Ljudi su vozili preko 11 miliona kilometara. To je 280 puta oko sveta. I tako sa ovim malim, plavim ključem, vi možete otključati gradske kapije i ovu potpuno novu opciju transporta.
And daily usage just continues to soar. What has happened is the average daily ridership on the streets of New York is 36,000 people. The high that we've had so far is 44,000 in August. Yesterday, 40,000 people used Citi Bike in New York City. The bikes are being used six times a day. And I think you also see it in the kinds of riders that are on the streets. In the past, it looked like the guy on the left, ninja-clad bike messenger. And today, cyclists look like New York City looks. It's diverse -- young, old, black, white, women, kids, all getting on a bike. It's an affordable, safe, convenient way to get around. Quite radical.
Upotreba bicikala iz dana u dan raste. Kao podatak imamo, na ulicama Njujorka 36 000 ljudi iznajmljuje bicikle. Najviše ih je bilo u avgustu, 44 000. Juče, 40 000 ljudi je koristilo gradski bicikl u Njujorku. Bicikli se u proseku koriste šest puta dnevno, I mislim da isto možete zaključiti po izgledu vozača koji su na ulici. Nekada, izgledali su kao tip sa leve strane nindža biciklista. A danas, biciklisti izgledaju kao što i Njujork izgleda. Raznoliko - od mladih, starih, belih, crnih, žena, dece, svi su na biciklima. To je dostupan, siguran, udoban način za kretanje. Prilično korenita promena.
We've also brought this approach to our buses, and New York City has the largest bus fleet in North America, the slowest bus speeds. As everybody knows, you can walk across town faster than you can take the bus. And so we focused on the most congested areas of New York City, built out six bus rapid transit lines, 57 miles of new speedy bus lanes. You pay at a kiosk before you get on the bus. We've got dedicated lanes that keep cars out because they get ticketed by a camera if they use that lane, and it's been a huge success.
Ovaj pristup smo primenili i na autobuse, Njujork ima najveći broj autobusa u Severnoj Americi, i najniže brzine. Kao što svi znaju, možete brže šetati gradom, nego kada se vozite autobusom. Tako da smo pažnju obratili na najzakrčenije delove Njujorka, otvorili šest brzih traka za autobuse, 92 km novih brzih traka. Plaćate kartu na aparatu, pre ulaska u autobus. Napravili smo trake koje su namenjene samo autobusima jer automobile snimaju kamere ako koriste trake za autobuse, i to je sve bilo veoma uspešno.
I think one of my very favorite moments as transportation commissioner was the day that we launched Citi Bike, and I was riding Citi Bike up First Avenue in my protected bike lane, and I looked over and I saw pedestrians standing safely on the pedestrian islands, and the traffic was flowing, birds were singing -- (Laughter) -- the buses were speeding up their dedicated lanes. It was just fantastic.
Jedan od meni omiljenih trenutaka, kao gradskom sekretaru, je bio dan kada smo pokrenuli "City bike", i dok sam vozila bicikl Prvom Avenijom u mojoj zaštićenoj traci, pogledala sam i videla pešake kako stoje sigurno na svojim pešačkim ostrvima, i kako saobraćaj teče, ptičice pevaju - (Smeh) - autobusi ubrzavaju svojim propisanim trakama. Bilo je jednostavno fantastično.
And this is how it looked six years ago.
A ovako je sve to izgledalo pre šest godina.
And so, I think that the lesson that we have from New York is that it's possible to change your streets quickly, it's not expensive, it can provide immediate benefits, and it can be quite popular. You just need to reimagine your streets. They're hidden in plain sight.
Lekcija koju smo naučili na primeru Njujorka je da je moguće promeniti ulice brzo, jeftino i da to može pružiti pogodnosti istog trenutka, a može biti i veoma popularno. Samo treba da ponovo naslikate vaše ulice. One su sakrivene negde u gradskoj vrevi.
Thank you.
Hvala vam.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)