I have had the distinct pleasure of living inside two biospheres. Of course we all here in this room live in Biosphere 1. I've also lived in Biosphere 2. And the wonderful thing about that is that I get to compare biospheres. And hopefully from that I get to learn something.
Imala sam tu sreću da živim u dvije biosfere. Naravno, svi u ovoj prostoriji živimo u Biosferi 1. Ja sam živjela i u Biosferi 2. I divna stvar oko toga je da mogu uspoređivati biosfere. I nadam se kako ću iz toga naučiti nešto.
So what did I learn? Well, here I am inside Biosphere 2, making a pizza. So I am harvesting the wheat, in order to make the dough. And then of course I have to milk the goats and feed the goats in order to make the cheese. It took me four months in Biosphere 2 to make a pizza. Here in Biosphere 1, well it takes me about two minutes, because I pick up the phone and I call and say, "Hey, can you deliver the pizza?"
Što sam naučila? Dobro, bila sam u Biosferi 2 i pravila sam pizzu. Dakle, žanjem žito kako bih napravila tijesto. Onda, naravno, moram pomusti koze i nahraniti ih da napravim sir. Trebalo mi je četiri mjeseca u Biosferi 2 da napravim pizzu. Ovdje u Biosferi 1 treba mi za to otprilike dvije minute. Uzmem telefon i kažem: "Hej, možete li mi dostaviti pizzu?"
So Biosphere 2 was essentially a three-acre, entirely sealed, miniature world that I lived in for two years and 20 minutes. (Laughter) Over the top it was sealed with steel and glass, underneath it was sealed with a pan of steel -- essentially entirely sealed. So we had our own miniature rainforest, a private beach with a coral reef. We had a savanna, a marsh, a desert. We had our own half-acre farm that we had to grow everything. And of course we had our human habitat, where we lived.
Biosfera 2 je u biti 1,3 ha velik, potpuno zatvoreni, minijaturni svijet u kojemu sam živjela dvije godine i 20 minuta. (Smijeh) Na vrhu je bila zatvorena čelikom i staklom. Ispod je bila zatvorena čeličnom pločom. Potpuno zabrtvljena. Imali smo svoju minijaturnu prašumu, privatnu plažu s koraljnim grebenom. Imali smo savanu, močvaru, pustinju. Imali smo svoju farmu od ¼ ha na kojoj smo morali sve uzgojiti. I, naravno, imali smo svoje prebivalište u kojemu smo živjeli.
Back in the mid-'80s when we were designing Biosphere 2, we had to ask ourselves some pretty basic questions. I mean, what is a biosphere? Back then, yes, I guess we all know now that it is essentially the sphere of life around the Earth, right? Well, you have to get a little more specific than that if you're going to build one. And so we decided that what it really is is that it is entirely materially closed -- that is, nothing goes in or out at all, no material -- and energetically open, which is essentially what planet Earth is.
Sredinom 80-ih kada smo dizajnirali Biosferu 2, morali smo se pitati nekoliko prilično osnovnih pitanja. Što je to biosfera? Onda smo svi znali da je to, u biti, sfera života oko Zemlje, zar ne? Ipak smo morali biti malo određeniji kako bi izgradili jednu. Odlučili smo se da je to potpuno materijalno zatvoren prostor, odnosno, ništa ne ulazi niti ne izlazi, nikakav materijal, a da je energetski otvoren. To je u biti planet Zemlja.
This is a chamber that was 1/400th the size of Biosphere 2 that we called our Test Module. And the very first day that this fellow, John Allen, walked in, to spend a couple of days in there with all the plants and animals and bacteria that we'd put in there to hopefully keep him alive, the doctors were incredibly concerned that he was going to succumb to some dreadful toxin, or that his lungs were going to get choked with bacteria or something, fungus. But of course none of that happened.
Ovo je komora koja je 1/400 veličine Biosfere 2 koju smo nazvali Test modul. I prvi dan kada je ovaj čovjek, John Allen ušao unutra da provede par dana ondje sa svim biljkama, životinjama i bakterijama koje smo stavili ondje u nadi da ga održe na životu. Liječnici su bili vrlo zabrinuti da će podlegnuti nekom groznom otrovu ili da će se ugušiti zbog bakterije ili nečega, gljivica. Ali naravno, ništa se od toga nije dogodilo.
And over the ensuing few years, there were great sagas about designing Biosphere 2. But by 1991 we finally had this thing built. And it was time for us to go in and give it a go. We needed to know, is life this malleable? Can you take this biosphere, that has evolved on a planetary scale, and jam it into a little bottle, and will it survive? Big questions. And we wanted to know this both for being able to go somewhere else in the universe -- if we were going to go to Mars, for instance, would we take a biosphere with us, to live in it? We also wanted to know so we can understand more about the Earth that we all live in. Well, in 1991 it was finally time for us to go in and try out this baby. Let's take it on a maiden voyage. Will it work? Or will something happen that we can't understand and we can't fix, thereby negating the concept of man-made biospheres?
I tijekom sljedeće dvije godine, ispreplitale su se velike sage oko dizajniranja Biosfere 2. Ali do 1991. godine konačno smo ju sagradili. I bilo je vrijeme da uđemo i isprobamo ju. Morali smo znati je li život ovako popustljiv? Možemo li uzeti ovu biosferu, koja se razvila na planetarnom razmjeru, ugurati ju u malu bocu i hoće li preživjeti? Veliko pitanje. I željeli smo to znati i zbog mogućnosti odlaska negdje dalje u svemir, kad bismo išli na Mars, na primjer, bismo li ponijeli biosferu s nama da živimo u njoj? Željeli smo to znati i zbog toga da više razumijemo Zemlju u kojoj živimo. 1991. godine konačno je bilo vrijeme da uđemo i isprobamo ovo čudo. Povedimo ju na prvo putovanje. Hoće li raditi? Ili će se nešto dogoditi što ne razumijemo i ne možemo popraviti? I time demantirati koncept biosfera koje izrađuje čovjek.
So eight of us went in: four men and four women. More on that later. (Laughter) And this is the world that we lived in. So, on the top, we had these beautiful rainforests and an ocean, and underneath we had all this technosphere, we called it, which is where all the pumps and the valves and the water tanks and the air handlers, and all of that. One of the Biospherians called it "garden of Eden on top of an aircraft carrier." And then also we had the human habitat of course, with the laboratories, and all of that. This is the agriculture. It was essentially an organic farm.
Nas osmero je ušlo. Četiri muškarca i četiri žene. Više o tome poslije. (Smijeh) I ovo je svijet u kojem smo živjeli. Na vrhu smo imali prekrasne kišne šume i ocean. Ispod smo imali tehnosferu, kako smo ju nazvali. To je mjesto sa svim pumpama i ventilima i spremnicima vode i strojevima za zrak i tomu slično. Jedan ju je od biosferaca nazvao: "Rajski vrt na vrhu nosača zrakoplova." Imali smo ondje i obitavalište naravno, s laboratorijima, i tomu slično. To je agrikultura. To je u biti bila organska farma.
The day I walked into Biosphere 2, I was, for the first time, breathing a completely different atmosphere than everybody else in the world, except seven other people. At that moment I became part of that biosphere. And I don't mean that in an abstract sense; I mean it rather literally. When I breathed out, my CO2 fed the sweet potatoes that I was growing. And we ate an awful lot of the sweet potatoes. (Laughter) And those sweet potatoes became part of me. In fact, we ate so many sweet potatoes I became orange with sweet potato. I literally was eating the same carbon over and over again. I was eating myself in some strange sort of bizarre way.
Onaj dan kada sam ušla u Biosferu 2, prvi sam put u svom životu disala potpuno drugačiju atmosferu od bilo koga drugog na svijetu osim sedmero ljudi. Tada sam postala dio te biosfere. I ne mislim to u apstraktnom smislu. Mislim to prilično doslovno. Kada sam izdisala, moj je CO2 hranio slatke krumpire koje sam uzgajala. I jeli smo jako puno slatkog krumpira. (Smijeh) I ti su slatki krumpiri postali dio mene. Zapravo, jeli smo toliko slatkog krumpira da sam postala narančasta od njih. Doslovno sam jela isti ugljik opet i opet. Jela sam samu sebe na jedan, pomalo bizaran način.
When it came to our atmosphere, however, it wasn't that much of a joke over the long term, because it turned out that we were losing oxygen, quite a lot of oxygen. And we knew that we were losing CO2. And so we were working to sequester carbon. Good lord -- we know that term now. We were growing plants like crazy. We were taking their biomass, storing them in the basement, growing plants, going around, around, around, trying to take all of that carbon out of the atmosphere. We were trying to stop carbon from going into the atmosphere. We stopped irrigating our soil, as much as we could. We stopped tilling, so that we could prevent greenhouse gasses from going into the air. But our oxygen was going down faster than our CO2 was going up, which was quite unexpected, because we had seen them going in tandem in the test module. And it was like playing atomic hide-and-seek. We had lost seven tons of oxygen. And we had no clue where it was.
Kad je u pitanju bila naša atmosfera, dugoročno to nije bila šala. Ispostavilo se da smo gubili kisik, prilično mnogo kisika. I znali smo da gubimo CO2. I radili smo na skupljanju ugljika. Dragi Bože. Sad znamo što taj izraz znači. Uzgajali smo biljke kao ludi. Uzimali smo njihovu biomasu, skladištili ju u podrumu, uzgajali biljke, išli okolo, okolo, okolo, pokušavajući maknuti sav taj ugljik iz atmosfere. Pokušavali smo zaustaviti ugljik da ode u atmosferu. Prestali smo navodnjavati zemlju, koliko smo mogli. Prestali smo orati da spriječimo odlazak stakleničkih plinova u zrak. Ali naš se kisik snižavao brže nego što nam se CO2 povisivao, a to je bilo prilično neočekivano. Jer smo vidjeli da se zajedno mijenjaju u test modulu. I to je bilo kao igra atomskog skrivača. Izgubili smo sedam tona kisika. I nismo znali gdje je.
And I tell you, when you lose a lot of oxygen -- and our oxygen went down quite far; it went from 21 percent down to 14.2 percent -- my goodness, do you feel dreadful. I mean we were dragging ourselves around the Biosphere. And we had sleep apnea at night. So you'd wake up gasping with breath, because your blood chemistry has changed. And that you literally do that. You stop breathing and then you -- (Gasps) -- take a breath and it wakes you up. And it's very irritating. And everybody outside thought we were dying. I mean, the media was making it sound like were were dying. And I had to call up my mother every other day saying, "No, Mum, it's fine, fine. We're not dead. We're fine. We're fine." And the doctor was, in fact, checking us to make sure we were, in fact, fine. But in fact he was the person who was most susceptible to the oxygen. And one day he couldn't add up a line of figures. And it was time for us to put oxygen in. And you might think, well, "Boy, your life support system was failing you. Wasn't that dreadful?" Yes. In a sense it was terrifying. Except that I knew I could walk out the airlock door at any time, if it really got bad, though who was going to say, "I can't take it anymore!"? Not me, that was for sure.
I mogu vam reći, kad izgubite mnogo kisika, a naš se kisik prilično snizio, otišao je s 21 posto na 14,2 posto -- o moj Bože, kako se samo osjećate očajno. Vukli smo se okolo po Biosferi. I imali smo apneju pri spavanju po noći. Budili smo se loveći zrak. Zato što vam se promijeni biokemija krvi. I onda doslovno to činite. Prestanete disati i onda udahnete i to vas probudi. I to je prilično iritantno. I svi vani su mislili da umiremo. Mislim, mediji su učinili da zvuči kao da umiremo. Morala sam svaki drugi dan zvati majku da joj kažem: "Ne, mama, sve je u redu. Nismo mrtvi. Dobro smo. Dobro smo." Liječnik nas je, zapravo, pregledavao da provjeri jesmo li stvarno dobro. Ali zapravo je on bio osoba koja je bila najosjetljivija na kisik. Jedan dan nije mogao zbrojiti niz brojeva. Bilo je vrijeme da unesemo kisik unutra. Mogli biste pomisliti, "Vaš vas je sustav za održavanje života iznevjerio. Nije li to bilo grozno?" Da. Bilo je zastrašujuće. Osim toga, znala sam da mogu izaći kroz vrata u bilo koje doba ako postane stvarno loše. Iako, tko će reći, "Ne mogu to više podnijeti?" Ne ja, to je bilo sigurno.
But on the other hand, it was the scientific gold of the project, because we could really crank this baby up, as a scientific tool, and see if we could, in fact, find where those seven tons of oxygen had gone. And we did indeed find it. And we found it in the concrete. Essentially it had done something very simple. We had put too much carbon in the soil in the form of compost. It broke down; it took oxygen out of the air; it put CO2 into the air; and it went into the concrete. Pretty straightforward really.
S druge strane, to je bio znanstveni uspjeh ovoga projekta. Zato što smo doista mogli izmučiti ovo čudo, kao znanstveno oruđe, i vidjeti možemo li, u stvari, pronaći gdje je nestalo onih sedam tona kisika. I doista smo to našli. Našli smo to u betonu. Dogodilo se nešto vrlo jednostavno. Stavili smo previše ugljika u zemlju u obliku komposta. Razgradio se, uzeo kisik iz zraka. Unio je CO2 u zrak. I otišao je u beton. Prilično izravno.
So at the end of the two years when we came out, we were elated, because, in fact, although you might say we had discovered something that was quite "uhh," when your oxygen is going down, stopped working, essentially, in your life support system, that's a very bad failure. Except that we knew what it was. And we knew how to fix it. And nothing else emerged that really was as serious as that. And we proved the concept, more or less. People, on the other hand, was a different subject. We were -- yeah I don't know that we were fixable. We all went quite nuts, I will say.
Dakle, na kraju dvije godine kada smo izišli, bili smo ushićeni. Zato što, zapravo, iako smo otkrili nešto što je bilo prilično "uhh", kada ti kisik pada, ono što prestaje raditi jest, u osnovi, sustav održavanja života, a to je vrlo velik promašaj. Osim što smo mi znali što je. I znali smo kako to popraviti. I ništa se zapravo nije pojavilo što je bilo tako ozbiljno kao ovo. I dokazali smo koncept, više ili manje. Ljudi, u drugu ruku, su drugačija tema. Bili smo --- ne znam jesmo li bili popravljivi. Svi smo bili poprilično ludi, moglo bi se reći.
And the day I came out of Biosphere 2, I was thrilled I was going to see all my family and my friends. For two years I'd been seeing people through the glass. And everybody ran up to me. And I recoiled. They stank! People stink! We stink of hairspray and underarm deodorant, and all kinds of stuff. Now we had stuff inside Biosphere to keep ourselves clean, but nothing with perfume. And boy do we stink out here. Not only that, but I lost touch of where my food came from. I had been growing all my own food. I had no idea what was in my food, where it came from. I didn't even recognize half the names in most of the food that I was eating. In fact, I would stand for hours in the aisles of shops, reading all the names on all of the things. People must have thought I was nuts. It was really quite astonishing. And I slowly lost track of where I was in this big biosphere, in this big biosphere that we all live in. In Biosphere 2 I totally understood that I had a huge impact on my biosphere, everyday, and it had an impact on me, very viscerally, very literally.
I na dan kada sam došla iz Biosfere 2 bila sam oduševljena što ću vidjeti svu svoju obitelj i prijatelje. Dvije godine sam viđala ljude samo kroz staklo. I svi su mi pritrčali. I ja sam ustuknula. Smrdjeli su! Ljudi smrde! Smrdimo po spreju za kosu i dezodoransu i po svemu i svačemu. U Biosferi smo imali stvari kojima smo održavali vlastitu čistoću. Ali ništa s parfemom. I čovječe, kako svi ovdje smrdimo. Ne samo to, izgubila sam pojam odakle mi dolazi hrana. Uzgajala sam svu svoju hranu. I nisam imala pojma što je u mojoj hrani niti odakle je došla. Nisam prepoznala pola naziva u većini hrane koju sam jela. Zapravo. Stajala bih satima ispred polica u trgovini, čitajući sva imena na svim stvarima. Ljudi su sigurno mislili da sam luda. Bilo je zbilja zapanjujuće. I polako sam izgubila pojam gdje sam u ovoj velikoj biosferi, u ovoj velikoj biosferi u kojoj svi živimo. U Biosferi 2 sam potpuno razumjela da imam velik učinak na moju biosferu, svaki dan, i to je imalo velik učinak na mene, vrlo tjelesno, vrlo doslovno.
So I went about my business: Paragon Space Development Corporation, a little firm I started with people while I was in the Biosphere, because I had nothing else to do. And one of the things we did was try to figure out: how small can you make these biospheres, and what can you do with them? And so we sent one onto the Mir Space Station. We had one on the shuttle and one on the International Space Station, for 16 months, where we managed to produce the first organisms to go through complete multiple life cycles in space -- really pushing the envelope of understanding how malleable our life systems are.
I tako sam se nastavila baviti svojim poslom. Paragon Space Development Corporation je malo poduzeće koje sam osnovala s ljudima dok sam bila u Biosferi, jer nisam imala ništa drugo za raditi. I jedna od stvari koje smo pokušali shvatiti jest koliko male mogu biti biosfere. I što se s njima može raditi? Poslali smo jednu u svemirsku postaju Mir. Jednu smo imali u svemirskom vozilu, a jednu u međunarodnoj svemirskoj postaji 16 mjeseci. Tamo smo uspjeli stvoriti prve organizme koji su prošli kroz kompletan životni ciklus u svemiru. Zbilja smo pomicali razumijevanje kako prilagodljivi mogu biti naši sustavi života.
And I'm also proud to announce that you're getting a sneak preview -- on Friday we're going to announce that we're actually forming a team to develop a system to grow plants on the Moon, which is going to be pretty fun. And the legacy of that is a system that we were designing: an entirely sealed system to grow plants to grow on Mars. And part of that is that we had to model very rapid circulation of CO2 and oxygen and water through this plant system.
Također sam ponosna što mogu najaviti da ćete dobiti kratak pregled – u petak ćemo najaviti da ćemo zapravo formirati tim koji će razviti sustav za rast biljaka na Mjesecu, što će biti prilično zabavno. I nasljeđe toga je sustav koji smo dizajnirali, potpuno odijeljen sustav za rast biljaka koje će se uzgajati na Marsu. I dio toga jest to da smo morali modelirati vrlo brzu cirkulaciju CO2 i kisika i vode kroz ovaj sustav.
As a result of that modeling I ended up in all places, in Eritrea, in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea, formerly part of Ethiopia, is one of those places that is astonishingly beautiful, incredibly stark, and I have no understanding of how people eke out a living there. It is so dry. This is what I saw. But this is also what I saw. I saw a company that had taken seawater and sand, and they were growing a kind of crop that will grow on pure salt water without having to treat it. And it will produce a food crop. In this case it was oilseed. It was astonishing. They were also producing mangroves in a plantation. And the mangroves were providing wood and honey and leaves for the animals, so that they could produce milk and whatnot, like we had in the Biosphere.
Kao rezultat tog modeliranja završili smo, u Eritreji, u rogu Afrike. Eritreja, prijašnji dio Etiopije, je jedno od onih mjesta koje su zaprepašćujuće lijepi, nevjerojatno strašni, i uopće mi nije jasno kako ljudi uspijevaju živjeti tamo. Tako je suho. Ovo je ono što ste vidjeli. Ali ovo sam također i ja vidjela. Vidjela sam poduzeća koja uzimaju morsku vodu, i pijesak, i uzgajali su vrstu usjeva koja može rasti na čistoj slanoj vodi bez ikakvog tretmana. I proizvest će jestivu žetvu. U ovom slučaju to je uljarica. Bilo je zaprepašćujuće. Također su uzgajali mangrove u plantažama. I mangrove su davale drvo i med i lišće za životinje, da mogu proizvoditi mlijeko i što sve ne, kao što smo imali i u Biosferi.
And all of it was coming from this: shrimp farms. Shrimp farms are a scourge on the earth, frankly, from an environmental point of view. They pour huge amounts of pollutants into the ocean. They also pollute their next-door neighbors. So they're all shitting each other's ponds, quite literally. And what this project was doing was taking the effluent of these, and turning them into all of this food. They were literally turning pollution into abundance for a desert people. They had created an industrial ecosystem, of a sense.
I sve je to potjecalo od ovoga, uzgajališta škampi. Uzgajališta škampi su bič božji, zapravo, s ekološkog gledišta. Oni izlijevaju goleme količine onečišćenja u ocean. Oni također zagađuju svoje susjede. Tako da svi obavljaju nuždu jedni drugima u jezero. Prilično doslovno. I što je ovaj projekt radio jest da je uzimao otpadne vode i pretvarao ih sve u hranu. Doslovno su pretvarali zagađenje u obilje za pustinjske ljude. U nekom vidu, oni su stvorili proizvodni ekosustav.
I was there because I was actually modeling the mangrove portion for a carbon credit program, under the U.N. Kyoto Protocol system. And as I was modeling this mangrove swamp, I was thinking to myself, "How do you put a box around this?" When I'm modeling a plant in a box, literally, I know where to draw the boundary. In a mangrove forest like this I have no idea. Well, of course you have to draw the boundary around the whole of the Earth. And understand its interactions with the entire Earth. And put your project in that context.
Bila sam ondje jer sam zapravo usklađivala udio mangrova u programu ugljičnog kredita, pod UN-ovim protokolom Kyoto. I dok sam usklađivala te močvare mangrova, mislila sam: "Kako da stavim kutiju oko ovog?" Kada modeliram biljku u kutiji, doslovno, znam gdje povući granicu. U šumi mangrova kao što je ova nisam imala pojma. Pa, naravno, morali bismo povući granicu oko cijele Zemlje. I razumjeti njezine interakcije sa cijelom Zemljom. I staviti svoj projekt u taj kontekst.
Around the world today we're seeing an incredible transformation, from what I would call a biocidal species, one that -- whether we intentionally or unintentionally -- have designed our systems to kill life, a lot of the time. This is in fact, this beautiful photograph, is in fact over the Amazon. And here the light green are areas of massive deforestation. And those beautiful wispy clouds are, in fact, fires, human-made fires. We're in the process of transforming from this, to what I would call a biophilic society, one where we learn to nurture society. Now it may not seem like it, but we are. It is happening all across the world, in every kind of walk of life, and every kind of career and industry that you can think of. And I think often times people get lost in that. They go, "But how can I possibly find my way in that? It's such a huge subject." And I would say that the small stuff counts. It really does.
Danas posvuda u svijetu vidimo nevjerojatne transformacije. Od onoga što bi ja nazvala biocidna vrsta, ona koja smo namjerno ili nenamjerno dizajnirali svoje sustave da ubijaju život većinu vremena. Ovo je zapravo, ova prekrasna slika, panorama iznad Amazone. I ovdje u svjetlo zelenom su područja masivne deforestacije. I ovi prekrasni pramičci oblaka su, zapravo, vatre, vatre koje su zapalili ljudi. Mi smo u procesu transformacije iz ovog u ono što bi nazala biofilno društvo, gdje učimo njegovati društvo. I možda se ne čini tako, ali istina je. Događa se po cijelom svijetu, u svakom vidu života, u svakoj karijeri i industriji koju možete zamisliti. I mislim da se ljudi često izgube u tome. I kažu, "Ali, kako se uopće mogu snaći u tome? To je golema tema." I ja bih rekla da se male stvari broje. I zaista je tako.
This is the story of a rake in my backyard. This was my backyard, very early on, when I bought my property. And in Arizona, of course, everybody puts gravel down. And they like to keep everything beautifully raked. And they keep all the leaves away. And on Sunday morning the neighbors leaf blower comes out, and I want to throttle them. It's a certain type of aesthetic. We're very uncomfortable with untidiness. And I threw away my rake. And I let all of the leaves fall from the trees that I have on my property. And over time, essentially what have I been doing? I've been building topsoil. And so now all the birds come in. And I have hawks. And I have an oasis. This is what happens every spring. For six weeks, six to eight weeks, I have this flush of green oasis. This is actually in a riparian area. And all of Tucson could be like this if everybody would just revolt and throw away the rake. The small stuff counts.
Ovo je priča o grabljama u mom dvorištu. Ovo je moje dvorište, vrlo davno, kada sam tek kupila svoje imanje. I u Arizoni, naravno, svi stavljaju šljunak. I vole sve držati prekrasno šljunčano. I vole spriječiti bilo kakvo lišće da pada na pod. I u nedjelju ujutro susjed dođe sa strojem za otpuhivanje lišća i ja ga želim zadaviti. To je određena vrsta estetike. Vrlo mi je neugodno oko nereda. I ja bacim grablje. I pustim sve lišće da padne s drveća na moje imanje. I, nakon nekog vremena, zapravo, što sam radila? Pravila sam gornji dio zemlje. I sada sve ptice dolaze. I imam sokole. I imam oazu. Ovo se događa svako proljeće. Za šest tjedana, šest do osam tjedana, imam divnu zelenu oazu. Ovo je zapravo priobalno područje. I sav bi Tuscon mogao biti takav, kad bi se svi pobunili i bacili grablje. Male stvari se broje.
The Industrial Revolution -- and Prometheus -- has given us this, the ability to light up the world. It has also given us this, the ability to look at the world from the outside. Now we may not all have another biosphere that we can run to, and compare it to this biosphere. But we can look at the world, and try to understand where we are in its context, and how we choose to interact with it.
Industrijska revolucija, i Prometej, nam je dao ovo, sposobnost da rasvijetlimo svijet. Također nam je dao sposobnost da gledamo svijet izvana. Možda svi nemamo drugu biosferu u koju možemo pobjeći i usporediti je s ovom biosferom. Ali možemo gledati svijet i pokušati razumjeti gdje smo mi u njemu i kako s njim odabiremo postupati.
And if you lose where you are in your biosphere, or are perhaps having a difficulty connecting with where you are in the biosphere, I would say to you, take a deep breath. The yogis had it right. Breath does, in fact, connect us all in a very literal way. Take a breath now. And as you breathe, think about what is in your breath. There perhaps is the CO2 from the person sitting next-door to you. Maybe there is a little bit of oxygen from some algae on the beach not far from here. It also connects us in time. There may be some carbon in your breath from the dinosaurs. There could also be carbon that you are exhaling now that will be in the breath of your great-great-great-grandchildren. Thank you. (Applause)
I ako ste izgubili mjesto u svojoj biosferi, ili ako imate problema s povezivanjem s tim gdje ste u biosferi, kažem vam, duboko udahnite. Oni koji se bave jogom imali su pravo. Dah nas zbilja sve povezuje u vrlo doslovnom smislu. Sada udahnite. I dok dišete razmišljajte o tome što je u vašem izdahu. Možda je to CO2 čovjeka koji sjedi pokraj vas. Možda je to malo kisika od neke alge s plaže nedaleko odavde. Također nas povezuje u vremenu. Možda je dio ugljika u vašem dahu iz dinosaura. Moguće je da ugljik koji sada izdišete bude dah vašeg pra-pra-pra-pra-praunuka. Hvala vam.