As you heard, I'm a physicist. And I think the way we talk about physics needs a little modification. I am from just down the road here; I don't live here anymore. But coming from round here means that I have a northern nana, my mum's mom. And Nana is very bright; she hasn't had much formal education, but she's sharp. And when I was a second-year undergraduate studying physics at Cambridge, I remember spending an afternoon at Nana's house in Urmston studying quantum mechanics. And I had these folders open in front of me with this, you know, hieroglyphics -- let's be honest. And Nana came along, and she looked at this folder, and she said, "What's that?" I said, "It's quantum mechanics, Nana." And I tried to explain something about what was on the page. It was to do with the nucleus and Einstein A and B coefficients. And Nana looked very impressed. And then she said, "Oh. What can you do when you know that?"
Kao što ste čuli, ja sam fizičar. I ja mislim da način na koji pričamo o fizici treba malo modifikovati. Rođena sam u ovoj ulici; ne živim više ovde. Ali poteći odavde znači da imam nanu sa severa, mamu moje mame. Nana je vrlo bistra; nema puno formalnog obrazovanja, ali je oštroumna. I kada sam bila na drugoj godini studija fizike na Kembridžu, sećam se jednog popodneva u naninoj kući u Urmstonu kako učim kvantnu mehaniku. I imala sam sve te fascikle otvorene ispred sebe sa ovim, znate, hijeroglifima - da budemo iskreni. I nana nailazi, gleda tu fasciklu, i kaže: „Šta je to"? Ja kažem: „Kvantna mehanika, nano". I pokušala sam da objasnim nešto na toj stranici. Imalo je veze sa jezgrom i Ajnštajnovim koeficijentima A i B. I nana je zadivljeno gledala. A zatim je rekla: „Oh. Šta možeš uraditi kada to znaš"?
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
"Don't know, ma'am."
„Ne znam, nano".
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
I think I said something about computers, because it was all I could think of at the time.
Mislim da sam rekla nešto o kompjuterima, jer je to bilo jedino čega sam mogla da se setim u tom trenutku.
But you can broaden that question out, because it's a very good question -- "What can you do when you know that?" when "that" is physics? And I've come to realize that when we talk about physics in society and our sort of image of it, we don't include the things that we can do when we know that. Our perception of what physics is needs a bit of a shift. Not only does it need a bit of a shift, but sharing this different perspective matters for our society, and I'm not just saying that because I'm a physicist and I'm biased and I think we're the most important people in the world. Honest.
Ali to pitanje možete proširiti, jer je vrlo dobro pitanje - „Šta možete uraditi kada to znate"? kada je „to" fizika? I onda sam shvatila da kada pričamo o fizici u društvu i našoj slici o njoj, ne uključujemo stvari koje možemo uraditi kada to znamo. Našu percepciju fizike treba malo pomeriti. Ne samo da ju je potrebno malo pomeriti, već deljenje te različite perspektive znači našem društvu, a ovo ne govorim samo zato što sam fizičar i pristrasna sam i mislim da smo mi najvažniji ljudi na svetu. Iskreno.
So, the image of physics -- we've got an image problem, let's be honest -- it hasn't moved on much from this. This is a very famous photograph that's from the Solvay Conference in 1927. This is when the great minds of physics were grappling with the nature of determinism and what it means only to have a probability that a particle might be somewhere, and whether any of it was real. And it was all very difficult. And you'll notice they're all very stern-looking men in suits. Marie Curie -- I keep maybe saying, "Marie Antoinette," which would be a turn-up for the books -- Marie Curie, third from the left on the bottom there, she was allowed in, but had to dress like everybody else.
Tako da se slika o fizici - imamo problem sa slikom, budimo iskreni - nije mnogo odmakla od ovoga. Ovo je vrlo poznata fotografija, sa konferencije Solvej 1927. godine. Tada su se veliki umovi fizike rvali sa prirodom determinizma i šta znači imati samo verovatnoću da čestica može biti negde, i da li je išta od toga postojalo. I sve to je bilo vrlo teško. Svi ćete primetiti da su svi oni ljudi u odelima, krutog izgleda Marija Kiri - ja možda stalno govorim, "Marija Antonaneta", što bi bio srećan slučaj za knjige - Marija Kiri, treća s leva, tamo pri dnu, bila joj dozvoljeno da uđe, ali je morala da se oblači kao svi ostali.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
So, this is what physics is like -- there's all these kinds of hieroglyphics, these are to do with waves and particles. That is an artist's impression of two black holes colliding, which makes it look worth watching, to be honest. I'm glad I didn't have to write the risk assessment for whatever was going on there. The point is: this is the image of physics, right? It's weird and difficult, done by slightly strange people dressed in a slightly strange way. It's inaccessible, it's somewhere else and fundamentally, why should I care?
Tako da to je fizika - postoje svi ti hijeroglifi, oni imaju veze za talasima i česticama. To je umetnički utisak o dve crne rupe koje se sudaraju, što ih čini vrednim gledanja, da budem iskrena. Drago mi je da nisam morala da pišem procenu rizika za šta god se tamo dešavalo. Poenta je: ovo je slika o fizici, zar ne? Čudna je i teška, napravili su je pomalo čudni ljudi, pomalo čudno obučeni. Nedostupna je, postoji tamo negde i u suštini, zašto bi me bilo briga?
And the problem with that is that I'm a physicist, and I study this. This -- this is my job, right? I study the interface between the atmosphere and the ocean. The atmosphere is massive, the ocean is massive, and the thin layer that joins them together is really important, because that's where things go from one huge reservoir to the other. You can see that the sea surface -- that was me who took this video -- the average height of those waves by the way, was 10 meters. So this is definitely physics happening here -- there's lots of things -- this is definitely physics. And yet it's not included in our cultural perception of physics, and that bothers me.
Problem s tim je što sam ja fizičar, i izučavam ovo. Ovo - to je moj posao, zar ne? Izučavam pristup između atmosfere i okeana. Atmosfera je masivna, okean je masivan, a tanak sloj koji ih spaja je vrlo važan, jer tu stvari prelaze iz jednog ogromnog rezervoara u drugi. Možete videti da površina mora - ja sam ta koja je snimila ovaj video - prosečna visina tih talasa je bila 10 metara. Prema tome definitivno se fizika dešava ovde - ima puno stvari - ovo je definitivno fizika. A opet nije uključeno u našu kulturološku percepciju fizike, i to mi smeta.
So what is included in our cultural perception of physics? Because I'm a physicist, there has to be a graph, right? That's allowed. We've got time along the bottom here, from very fast things there, to things that take a long time over here. Small things at the bottom, big things up there. So, our current cultural image of physics looks like this. There's quantum mechanics down in that corner, it's very small, it's very weird, it happens very quickly, and it's a long way down in the general ... on the scale of anything that matters for everyday life. And then there's cosmology, which is up there; very large, very far away, also very weird. And if you go to some places like black holes in the beginning of the universe, we know that these are frontiers in physics, right? There's lots of work being done to discover new physics in these places.
Da vidimo šta je uključeno u našu kulturološku percepciju fizike? Pošto sam fizičar, mora da postoji grafikon, zar ne? To je dozvoljeno. Imamo vreme ovde na dnu, od vrlo brzih stvari tamo, do stvari kojima treba puno vremena, ovde. Male stvari na dnu, velike stvari gore. Prema tome, naša trenutna kulturološka slika o fizici izgleda ovako. U ovom uglu dole je kvantna mehanika, vrlo je mala, vrlo čudna, odvija se vrlo brzo, i generalno ona je daleko dole... na skali bilo čega što znači za svakodnevni život. A zatim postoji kosmologija, koja je ovde gore; vrlo velika, vrlo daleko, takođe vrlo čudna. I ako idete do nekih mesta kao što su crne rupe na početku univerzuma, znamo da su to granice u fizici, zar ne? Puno se radi na otkrivanju nove fizike na ovim mestima.
But the thing is, you will notice there's a very large gap in the middle. And in that gap, there are many things. There are planets and toasts and volcanoes and clouds and clarinets and bubbles and dolphins and all sorts of things that make up our everyday life. And these are also run by physics, you'd be surprised -- there is physics in the middle, it's just that nobody talks about it. And the thing about all of these is that they all run on a relatively small number of physical laws, things like Newton's laws of motion, thermodynamics, some rotational dynamics. The physics in the middle applies over a huge range, from very, very small things to very, very big things. You have to try very hard to get outside of this. And there is also a frontier in research physics here, it's just that nobody talks about it. This is the world of the complex. When these laws work together, they bring about the beautiful, messy, complex world we live in.
Zapravo, primetićete da postoji ogroman jaz u sredini. I u tom jazu postoji puno stvari. Tu su planete i tostovi i vulkani i oblaci i klarineti i mehurići i delfini i gomila stvari koje čine naš svakodnevni život. I njima takođe upravlja fizika, iznenadili biste se - fizika je u sredini, samo što o njoj niko ne govori. Stvar je u tome da svi oni rade na osnovu relativno malog broja zakona fizike, poput Njutnovog zakona kretanja, termodinamike, nekih rotacionih dinamika. Fizika u sredini se odnosi na ogroman niz, od vrlo, vrlo malih stvari do vrlo, vrlo velikih. Morate se dosta potruditi da izađete izvan ovoga. Tu postoji i granica u istraživačkoj fizici, samo što o tome niko ne govori. Ovo je svet složenosti. Kada ovi zakoni rade zajedno, oni stvaraju prelepi, neuredni, složeni svet u kome živimo.
Fundamentally, this is the bit that really matters to me on an everyday basis. And this is the bit that we don't talk about. There's plenty of physics research going on here. But because it doesn't involve pointing at stars, people for some reason think it's not that. Now, the cool thing about this is that there are so many things in this middle bit, all following the same physical laws, that we can see those laws at work almost all the time around us.
U suštini, ovo je delić koji meni zaista znači na svakodnevnoj osnovi. A to je delić o kome ne govorimo. Sprovode se mnoga istraživanja u fizici. Ali zato što ne uključuje pokazivanje zvezda, ljudi iz nekog razloga misle da to nije to. E sada, super stvar u vezi sa ovim je da postoji mnogo stvari u ovom malom srednjem delu, koje sve prate iste fizičke zakone, tako da možemo videti te zakone na delu oko sebe u skoro svakom trenutku.
I've got a little video here. So the game is, one of these eggs is raw and one of them has been boiled. I want you to tell me which one is which. Which one's raw?
Ovde imam jedan mali video. Igra je sledeća, jedno ovih jaja je živo, a jedno bareno. Želim da mi kažete koje je koje. Koje je živo?
(Audience responds)
(Publika odgovara)
The one on the left -- yes! And even though you might not have tried that, you all knew. The reason for that is, you set them spinning, and when you stop the cooked egg, the one that's completely solid, you stop the entire egg. When you stop the other one, you only stop the shell; the liquid inside is still rotating because nothing's made it stop. And then it pushes the shell round again, so the egg starts to rotate again. This is brilliant, right? It's a demonstration of something in physics that we call the law of conservation of angular momentum, which basically says that if you set something spinning about a fixed axis, that it will keep spinning unless you do something to stop it. And that's really fundamental in how the universe works. And it's not just eggs that it applies to, although it's really useful if you're the sort of person -- and apparently, these people do exist -- who will boil eggs and then put them back in the fridge. Who does that? Don't admit to it -- it's OK. We won't judge you. But it's also got much broader applicabilities.
Ono sa leve strane - da! I čak iako to možda niste probali, svi ste znali. Razlog tome je, zavrtite ih i kada zaustavite kuvano jaje, ono koje je potpuno čvrsto, vi zaustavite celo jaje. Kada zaustavite ono drugo, vi zaustavite samo ljusku; tečnost unutra se i dalje okreće jer je ništa nije zaustavilo. Ona zatim pokreće ljusku ponovo, tako da jaje počinje ponovo da se vrti. Ovo je fenomenalno, zar ne? Ovo je demonstracija nečega što u fizici zovemo zakonom očuvanja ugaonog momenta, koji u osnovi kaže da ako nešto zavrtiš oko fiksirane ose, nastaviće da se vrti ukoliko ne uradiš nešto da ga zaustaviš. A to je zaista osnova načina na koji univerzum funkcioniše. I to se ne primenjuje samo na jaja, iako je zaista korisno ako ste tip osobe - a takvi ljudi očigledno postoje - koji će obariti jaja, a zatim ih vratiti u frižider. Ko to radi? Ne morate reći - u redu je. Nećemo vas osuđivati. Već ima i mnogo širu primenu.
This is the Hubble Space Telescope. The Hubble Ultra Deep Field, which is a very tiny part of the sky. Hubble has been floating in free space for 25 years, not touching anything. And yet it can point to a tiny region of sky. For 11 and a half days, it did it in sections, accurately enough to take amazing images like this. So the question is: How does something that is not touching anything know where it is? The answer is that right in the middle of it, it has something that, to my great disappointment, isn't a raw egg, but basically does the same job. It's got gyroscopes which are spinning, and because of the law of conservation of angular momentum, they keep spinning with the same axis, indefinitely. Hubble kind of rotates around them, and so it can orient itself. So the same little physical law we can play with in the kitchen and use, also explains what makes possible some of the most advanced technology of our time. So this is the fun bit of physics, that you learn these patterns and then you can apply them again and again and again. And it's really rewarding when you spot them in new places. This is the fun of physics.
Ovo je svemirski teleskop Habl. Ultra duboko polje Habla, što je vrlo mali deo neba. Habl pluta u slobodnom prostoru 25 godina, ne dodirujući ništa. A opet može ukazati na mali region neba. 11 ipo dana je to radio u delovima, dovoljno precizno da zabeleži predivne slike poput ovih. Pitanje je onda: kako nešto što ne dodiruje ništa zna gde se nalazi? Odgovor je da u sredini ima nešto, što, na moje veliko razočarenje, nije živo jaje, ali u osnovi radi isti posao. On ima žiroskope koji se okreću, i zbog zakona održanja ugaonog momenta, oni nastavljaju da se okreću sa istom osom, beskonačno. Habl se zapravo okreće oko njih, pa se tako orijentiše. Tako da isti mali zakon fizike sa kojim se možemo igrati u kuhinji i koristiti ga, takođe objašnjava šta čini mogućom najnapredniju tehnologiju našeg vremena. Ovo je zabavni deo fizike, gde učite ove šablone, a onda ih možete primenjivati iznova i iznova. I zaista je nagrađujuće kada ih primetite na novim mestima. Ovo je zabavni deo fizike.
I have shown that egg video to an audience full of businesspeople once and they were all dressed up very smartly and trying to impress their bosses. And I was running out of time, so I showed the egg video and then said, "Well, you can work it out, and ask me afterwards to check." Then I left the stage. And I had, literally, middle-aged grown men tugging on my sleeve afterwards, saying, "Is it this? Is it this?" And when I said, "Yes." They went, "Yes!"
Jednom sam pokazala onaj video sa jajima publici punoj poslovnih ljudi koji su bili vrlo poslovno obučeni i pokušavali da zadive svoje šefove. Ponestajalo mi je vremena, tako da sam pustila video sa jajima i rekla, „Pa, možete razmisliti, i pitati me posle da proverim". Zatim sam otišla sa pozornice. I imala sam, bukvalno, sredovečne odrasle muškarce koji me vuku za rukav, govoreći: „Je l' to ovo?" I kada bih rekla „Da", oni bi rekli „To!"
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
The joy that you get from spotting these patterns doesn't go away when you're an adult.
Užitak prepoznavanja ovih šablona ne nestaje kada odrastete.
And that's really important, because physics is all about patterns, and a small number of patterns give you access to almost all of the physics in our everyday world. The thing that's best about this is it involves playing with toys. Things like the egg shouldn't be dismissed as the mundane little things that we just give the kids to play with on a Saturday afternoon to keep them quiet. This is the stuff that actually really matters, because this is the laws of the universe and it applies to eggs and toast falling butter-side down and all sorts of other things, just as much as it applies to modern technology and anything else that's going on in the world. So I think we should play with these patterns.
I to je vrlo važno, jer je fizika puna šablona, i mali broj njih vam daje pristup skoro svoj fizici u našem svakodnevnom svetu. Najbolja stvar u vezi sa ovim je to što uključuje igru igračkama. Stvari poput jajeta ne bi trebalo odbaciti kao svakodnevne male stvari koje dajemo deci da se igraju subotom popodne kako bi ih ućutkali. Ovo su stvari koje zapravo zaista znače, jer je ovo zakon univerzuma i primenjuje se na jaja i hleb koji pada na stranu sa puterom i gomilu drugih stvari, isto onoliko koliko se odnosi na modernu tehnologiju i sve drugo što se dešava u svetu. Prema tome ja mislim da bi trebalo da se igramo sa tim šablonima.
Basically, there are a small number of concepts that you can become familiar with using things in your kitchen, that are really useful for life in the outside world. If you want to learn about thermodynamics, a duck is a good place to start, for example, why their feet don't get cold. Once you've got a bit of thermodynamics with the duck, you can also explain fridges. Magnets that you can play with in your kitchen get you to wind turbines and modern energy generation. Raisins in [fizzy] lemonade, which is always a good thing to play with. If you're at a boring party, fish some raisins out of the bar snacks, put them in some lemonade. It's got three consequences. First thing is, it's quite good to watch; try it. Secondly, it sends the boring people away. Thirdly, it brings the interesting people to you. You win on all fronts. And then there's spin and gas laws and viscosity. There's these little patterns, and they're right around us everywhere. And it's fundamentally democratic, right? Everybody has access to the same physics; you don't need a big, posh lab.
U osnovi postoji mali broj koncepаta sa kojima se možete upoznati korišćenjem predmeta u kuhinji, a koji su vrlo korisni za život u spoljašnjem svetu. Ako želite da učite o termodinamici, patka je dobro početno mesto, na primer, zašto se njihova stopala nikada ne hlade. Kada shvatite deo termodinamike sa patkom, možete objasniti i frižidere. Magneti sa kojima se možete igrati u svojoj kuhinji vam objašnjavaju turbine i modernu proizvodnju energije. Grožđice u gaziranoj limunadi, što je uvek dobra stvar za igru. Ako ste na dosadnoj žurci, izvucite nekoliko grožđica iz činije, stavite ih u malo limunade. To ima tri posledice. Prvo, vrlo je dobro za gledanje; probajte. Drugo, oteraće dosadne ljude. Treće, dovešće vam interesantne ljude. Pobeđujete na svim frontovima. Zatim su tu zakoni rotacije i gasa i viskoznost. Tu su ti mali šabloni, i svuda su oko nas. I to je bazično demokratski, zar ne? Svi imaju pristup istoj fizici; nije potrebna velika, otmena laboratorija.
When I wrote the book, I had the chapter on spin. I had written a bit about toast falling butter-side down. I gave the chapter to a friend of mine who's not a scientist, for him to read and tell me what he thought, and he took the chapter away. He was working overseas. I got this text message back from him a couple of weeks later, and it said, "I'm at breakfast in a posh hotel in Switzerland, and I really want to push toast off the table, because I don't believe what you wrote." And that was the good bit -- he doesn't have to. He can push the toast off the table and try it for himself.
Kada sam pisala knjigu, imala sam poglavlje o rotaciji. Pisala sam malo i o hlebu koji se prevrne na stranu sa puterom. Dala sam poglavlje jednom prijatelju koji nije naučnik, da pročita i kaže mi šta misli, i on je odneo poglavlje. Radio je u inostranstvu. Posle nekoliko nedelja sam od njega dobila poruku, koja kaže: „Doručkujem u otmenom hotelu u Švajcarskoj, i zaista želim da gurnem hleb sa stola, jer ne verujem šta si napisala". I to je dobra stvar - ne mora. Može da gurne hleb sa stola i proba sam.
And so there's two important things to know about science: the fundamental laws we've learned through experience and experimentation, work. The day we drop an apple and it goes up, then we'll have a debate about gravity. Up to that point, we basically know how gravity works, and we can learn the framework. Then there's the process of experimentation: having confidence in things, trying things out, critical thinking -- how we move science forward -- and you can learn both of those things by playing with toys in the everyday world.
Postoje dve važne stvari koje treba znati o nauci: osnovni zakoni koje smo naučili kroz iskustvo i eksperimentisanje, rade. Onog dana kada ispustimo jabuku i ona ode gore tada ćemo imati debatu o gravitaciji. Do tada, znamo kako gravitacija radi, i naučili smo okvire. Zatim je tu proces eksperimentisanja: imanje poverenja u stvari, isprobavanje novih, kritičko razmišljanje - kako pomeramo nauku napred, a obe stvari možete naučiti igranjem igračkama u svakodnevnom svetu.
And it's really important, because there's all this talk about technology, we've heard talks about quantum computing and all these mysterious, far-off things. But fundamentally, we still live in bodies that are about this size, we still walk about, sit on chairs that are about this size, we still live in the physical world. And being familiar with these concepts means we're not helpless. And I think it's really important that we're not helpless, that society feels it can look at things, because this isn't about knowing all the answers. It's about having the framework so you can ask the right questions. And by playing with these fundamental little things in everyday life, we gain the confidence to ask the right questions.
I vrlo je važno, jer je tu sva ta priča o tehnologiji, čuli smo priče o kvantnom računanju i svim tim misterioznim, dalekim stvarima. Ali u osnovi i dalje živimo u telima koja su otprilike ove velilčine, i dalje hodamo unaokolo, sedimo na stolicama ove veličine, i dalje živimo u fizičkom svetu. A biti upoznat sa svim tim konceptima znači da nismo bespomoćni. Ja mislim da je vrlo važno da nismo bespomoćni, da društvo misli da može gledati u stvari, jer to ne znači znati sve odgovore. Znači da imamo okvir kako bismo postavljali prava pitanja. A igranjem sa ovim malim bazičnim stvarima iz svakodnevnog života, stičemo samopouzdanje da postavimo prava pitanja.
So, there's a bigger thing. In answer to Nana's question about what can you do when you know that -- because there's lots of stuff in the everyday world that you can do when you know that, especially if you've got eggs in the fridge -- there's a much deeper answer. And so there's all the fun and the curiosity that you could have playing with toys. By the way -- why should kids have all the fun, right? All of us can have fun playing with toys, and we shouldn't be embarrassed about it. You can blame me, it's fine.
Prema tome, eto veće stvari. Odgovor na nanino pitanje o tome šta možemo raditi kada to znamo - jer postoji mnogo stvari u svakodnevnom svetu koje možete raditi kada to znate, naročito ako imate jaja u fružideru - je da postoji mnogo dublji odgovor. Puno zabave i znatiželje ima u igri sa igračkama. Uzgred - zašto bi se samo deca zabavljala, zar ne? Svi se možemo zabavljati igračkama, i ne bi trebalo da se stidimo zbog toga. Možete okriviti mene, u redu je.
So when it comes to reasons for studying physics, for example, here is the best reason I can think of: I think that each of us has three life-support systems. We've got our own body, we've got a planet and we've got our civilization. Each of those is an independent life-support system, keeping us alive in its own way. And they all run on the fundamental physical laws that you can learn in the kitchen with eggs and teacups and lemonade, and everything else you can play with. This is the reason, for example, why something like climate change is such a serious problem, because It's two of these life-support systems, our planet and our civilization, kind of butting up against each other; they're in conflict, and we need to negotiate that boundary.
Kada govorimo o razlozima za učenje fizike, na primer, evo najboljeg kog se mogu setiti: mislim da svako od nas ima tri sistema za podršku životu. Imamo svoje telo, imamo planetu i imamo svoju civilizaciju. Svaki od njih je nezavisni sistem podrške životu, koji nas održava živim na svoj način. A svi oni rade na osnovu fundamentalnih zakona fizike koje možete naučiti u kuhinji sa jajima i šoljama za čaj i limunadom, i svim ostalim sa čim se možete igrati. Ovo je razlog, na primer, zašto je nešto poput klimatske promene tako veliki problem, zato što se njegova dva sistema podrške životu, naša planeta i naša civilizacija, sudaraju jedan s drugim; u konfliktu su, a mi moramo da pregovaramo o granici.
And the fundamental physical laws that we can learn that are the way the world around us works, are the tools at the basis of everything; they're the foundation. There's lots of things to know about in life, but knowing the foundations is going to get you a long way. And I think this, if you're not interested in having fun with physics or anything like that -- strange, but apparently, these people exist -- you surely are interested in keeping yourself alive and in how our life-support systems work. The framework for physics is remarkably constant; it's the same in lots and lots of things that we measure. It's not going to change anytime soon. They might discover some new quantum mechanics, but apples right here are still going to fall down.
Osnovni zakoni fizike koje možemo naučiti i koji pokreću svet oko nas, jesu alati u osnovi svega; oni su temelj. Ima mnogo stvari u životu o kojima treba znati, ali poznavanje temelja će vas odvesti daleko. I ja mislim da ako niste zainteresovani za zabavljanje fizikom ili bilo šta slično - čudno, ali očigledno takvi ljudi postoje - zasigurno jeste zainteresovani za održavanje sebe u životu i to kako naš sistem podrške životu radi. Okvir fizike je upečatljivo konstantan; isti je u mnogo stvari koje merimo. I neće se promeniti uskoro. Možda će otkriti neku novu kvantnu mehaniku, ali ove jabuke će i dalje padati dole.
So, the question is -- I get asked sometimes: How do you start? What's the place to start if you're interested in the physical world, in not being helpless, and in finding some toys to play with? Here is my suggestion to you: the place to start is that moment -- and adults do this -- you're drifting along somewhere, and you spot something and your brain goes, "Oh, that's weird." And then your consciousness goes, "You're an adult. Keep going." And that's the point -- hold that thought -- that bit where your brain went, "Oh, that's a bit odd," because there's something there to play with, and it's worth you playing with it, so that's the place to start.
Prema tome, pitanje je - Ponekad me pitaju: kako počinješ? Odakle se počinje ako te interesuje fizički svet, kako ne biti bespomoćan, i traženje igračaka za igru? Evo mog predloga za vas: mesto gde se počinje je onaj momenat - a odrasli ovo rade - kada negde lutate, i ugledate nešto a vaš mozak kaže: „O, čudno". A zatim vaša svest kaže: „Odrasla si osoba. Nastavi dalje". I to je trenutak - zadržite tu misao - delić gde je vaš mozak rekao: „To je pomalo čudno", jer tu postoji nešto sa čim se igra, i vredno je vaše igre sa njim, prema tome tu se počinje.
But if you don't have any of those little moments on your way home from this event, here are some things to start with. Put raisins in [fizzy] lemonade; highly entertaining. Watch a coffee spill dry. I know that sounds a little bit like watching paint dry, but it does do quite weird things; it's worth watching. I'm an acquired taste at dinner parties if there are teacups around. There are so many things you can do to play with teacups, it's brilliant. The most obvious one is to get a teacup, get a spoon, tap the teacup around the rim and listen, and you will hear something strange. And the other thing is, push your toast off the table because you can, and you'll learn stuff from it. And if you're feeling really ambitious, try and push it off in such a way that it doesn't fall butter-side down, which is possible.
Ali ako nemate nijedan od tih malih momenata na svom putu kući sa ovog događaja, evo nekih stvari za početak. Stavite grožđice u gaziranu limunadu; izuzetno zabavno. Gledajte kako se suši prosuta kafa. Znam da to izgleda pomalo kao gledati boju kako se suši ali ipak radi neke čudne stvari; vredi gledati. Ljudi počinju da me vole na večerama ako u blizini ima šolja za čaj. Ima toliko stvari koje možete raditi sa šoljama za čaj, neverovatno je. Najočiglednija je da uzmete šolju, kašiku, udarajte šolju po obodu i slušajte, i čućete nešto čudno. A druga stvar je, gurnite hleb sa stola jer možete, i naučićete nešto iz toga. A ako ste zaista ambiciozni, pokušajte da ga gurnete tako da ne padne na stranu sa puterom, što je moguće.
The point of all of this is that, first of all, we should all play with toys. We shouldn't be afraid to investigate the physical world for ourselves with the tools around us, because we all have access to them. It matters, because if we want to understand society, if we want to be good citizens, we need to understand the framework on which everything else must be based.
Poenta svega ovoga je da bi, pre svega, svi trebalo da se igramo. Ne bi trebalo da se plašimo ispitivanja fizičkog sveta za sebe alatkama oko sebe, jer su nam svima dostupne. Važno je, jer ako želimo da razumemo društvo, ako želimo da budemo dobri građani, moramo razumeti okvir na kome se bazira sve ostalo.
Playing with toys is great. Understanding how to keep our life-support systems going is great. But fundamentally, the thing that we need to change in the way that we talk about physics, is we need to understand that physics isn't out there with weird people and strange hieroglyphics for somebody else in a posh lab. Physics is right here; it's for us, and we can all play with it.
Igračke su super. Razumevanje kako održati naš sistem podrške životu je super. Ali fundamentalno, ono što moramo promeniti u načinu na koji pričamo o fizici, je da moramo razumeti da fizika nije tamo negde sa čudnim ljudima i čudnim hijeroglifima za nekog drugog u otmenoj laboratoriji. Fizika je baš ovde; ona je za nas, i svi se možemo igrati njom.
Thank you very much.
Hvala puno.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)