Hi there. I'm Hasan. I'm an artist. And usually when I tell people I'm an artist, they just look at me and say, "Do you paint?" or "What kind of medium do you work in?" Well most of my work that I work with is really a little bit about methodologies of working rather than actually a specific discipline or a specific technique. So what I'm really interested in is creative problem solving. And I had a little bit of a problem a few years ago. So let me show you a little of that.
大家好,我叫哈桑,系一個藝術家 通常我咁樣講 大家會望住我問:“你系畫畫噶?” 或者“你從事邉方面嘅藝術?” 其實我做嘅大部分工作 都系同工作方法論有關 而唔系具體某一種學科 或者某一種技術 我所感興趣嘅系用創意方式解決問題 而且幾年前我的確遇到少少問題 等我講畀你聽
So it started over here. And this is the Detroit airport in June 19th of 2002. I was flying back to the U.S. from an exhibition overseas. And as I was coming back, well I was taken by the FBI, met by an FBI agent, and went into a little room and he asked me all sorts of questions -- "Where were you? What were you doing? Who were you talking with? Why were you there? Who pays for your trips?" -- all these little details. And then literally just out of nowhere, the guy asks me, "Where were you September 12th?" And when most of us get asked, "Where were you September 12th?" or any date for that fact, it's like, "I don't exactly remember, but I can look it up for you."
事情發生系呢度 底特律機場,2002年六月19號 我參加完一個海外展覽準備飛返美國 就嚟要飛嘅時候 被FBI帶走,去見一個FBI探員 行入一間細房 他問咗我各種各樣嘅問題 “你係邊度?做咗乜嘢?同邊個講過嘢? “點解要去個度?邊個出旅費?” 乜都問 突然間毫無根據 佢問我:“九月12號你係邊度?” 大部分人被問到九月12號係邉 或者任何一日 都會話:“我唔系好記得,不過可以查下”
So I pulled out my little PDA, and I said, "Okay, let's look up my appointments for September 12th." I had September 12th -- from 10:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m., I paid my storage bill. From 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m., I met with Judith who was one of my graduate students at the time. From 12:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m., I taught my intro class, 3:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m., I taught my advanced class. "Where were you the 11th?" "Where were you the 10th?" "Where were you the 29th? the 30th?" "Where were you October 5th?" We read about six months of my calendar. And I don't think he was expecting me to have such detailed records of what I did. But good thing I did, because I don't look good in orange.
所以我就攞出我部PDA 我話:“我地睇下九月12號嘅行程” 九月12號,早上十點到十點半,交咗倉庫保管費 十點半到12點,我同朱迪思見面,佢系我當時嘅一個研究生 十二點到下午三點,我教初級班 三點到六點,教高級班 “你11號係邉?”“10號係邉?” “29、30號係邊?” “十月五號咧?” 我地翻閱咗我六個月嘅記錄 佢大概估唔到我將每日行程 記得咁詳盡 好彩我有記 因為我著橙色監等服唔好睇
(Laughter)
(笑聲)
So he asked me -- (Applause) "So this storage unit that you paid the rent on, what did you have in it?" This was in Tampa, Florida, so I was like, "Winter clothes that I have no use for in Florida. Furniture that I can't fit in my ratty apartment. Just assorted garage sale junk, because I'm a pack rat." And he looks at me really confused and says, "No explosives?" (Laughter) I was like, "No, no. I'm pretty certain there were no explosives. And if there were, I would have remembered that one." And he's still a little confused, but I think that anyone who talks to me for more than a couple of minutes realizes I'm not exactly a terrorist threat. And so we're sitting there, and eventually after about an hour, hour and a half of just going back and forth, he says, "Okay, I have enough information here. I'm going to pass this onto the Tampa office. They're the ones who initiated this. They'll follow up with you, and we'll take care of it." I was like, "Great."
佢問我 (掌聲) “你租呢個倉庫 “用來裝乜嘢?” 倉庫位於佛羅里達州坦帕市 我話:“裝我系佛羅里達唔著嘅冬裝 “同埋我間爛公寓裝唔落嘅傢俬 “類似車庫大平賣個啲嘢 “因為我鐘意執垃圾” 佢非常疑惑咁望著我話:“冇爆炸物?” (笑聲) 我答佢:“冇啊,我可以肯定 “如果有的話,我實記得” 他仲系有啲迷惑 我諗任何人同我傾多幾句 都會知道我唔系恐怖份子 所以我地就坐係個度 反反復複問答咗大概個半鐘 佢終於講:“得了,搜齊資料了 “我會發送去坦帕辦公室,系佢地負責嘅 “佢地會同你跟進,我地會處理好” 我話:“好極了”
So I got home and the phone rings, and a man introduced himself. Basically this is the FBI offices in Tampa where I spent six months of my life -- back and forth, not six months continuously. By the way, you folks know that in the United States, you can't take photographs of federal buildings, but Google can do it for you. So to the folks from Google, thank you. (Applause) So I spent a lot of time in this building. Questions like: "Have you ever witnessed or participated in any act that may be detrimental to the United States or a foreign nation?" And you also have to consider the state of mind you're in when you're doing this. You're basically face-to-face with someone that essentially decides life or death. Or questions such as -- actually, during the polygraph, which was how it finally ended after nine consecutive of them --
我返到屋企電話就響了 一個男人介紹咗佢自己 呢度就系FBI係坦帕嘅辦公地點 我係個度六個月 系出出入入,唔系連續六個月 順便講下,你地知道係美國 聯邦大樓系唔畀影相噶 但系Google可以幫你影 Google嘅夥計,多謝曬 (掌聲) 我經常出入呢棟建築 佢地嘅問題包括 “你有否目睹或者參與任何 “可能對美國或者其他國家有害嘅行動?” 當你接受審問嘅時候,要考慮 自己嘅心情 因為基本上你對著嘅 系掌握生殺大權嘅人 或者其他問題——其實係進行測謊嘅時候 我連續測過九次先確認清白
one of the polygraph questions was ... well the first one was, "Is your name Hasan?" "Yes." "Are we in Florida?" "Yes." "Is today Tuesday?" "Yes." Because you have to base it on a yes or no. Then, of course, the next question is: "Do you belong to any groups that wish to harm the United States?" I work at a university. (Laughter) So I was like, "Maybe you want to ask some of my colleagues that directly." But they said, "Okay, aside from what we had discussed, do you belong to any groups that wish to harm the United States?" I was like, "No."
其中一個測謊問題系… 第一個系“你系唔系叫哈桑?”“系” “呢度系唔系佛羅里達?”“系”“今日系唔系星期二?”“系” 因為你只可以回答系定唔系 當然,跟住落來嘅問題就系 “你系唔系屬於任何想要危害美國嘅組織?” 我係大學做嘢 (笑聲) 於是我回答:“或者你可以直接問下我啲同事” 不過佢地話:“除咗之前講過個啲 “你系唔系屬於任何想要危害美國嘅組織?” 我回答:“唔系”
So at the end of six months of this and nine consecutive polygraphs, they said, "Hey, everything's fine." I was like, "I know. That's what I've been trying to tell you guys all along. I know everything's fine." So they're looking at me really odd. And it's like, "Guys, I travel a lot." This is with the FBI. And I was like, "All we need is Alaska not to get the last memo, and here we go all over again." And there was a sincere concern there. And he was like, "You know, if you get into trouble, give us a call -- we'll take care of it."
咁樣過咗六個月 測謊九次之後 佢地話:“一切正常” 我話:“我知,我一直都想話畀你地知 “我知我冇問題” 佢地奇怪咁望著我 我話:“夥計,我成日出差” 我同FBI講 “你地最好連阿拉斯加都通知到 “唔好到時又嚟一次” 我系真系擔心 佢話:“如果你遇到麻煩 “打畀我地,我地會搞掂”
So ever since then, before I would go anywhere, I would call the FBI. I would tell them, "Hey guys, this is where I'm going. This is my flight. Northwest flight seven coming into Seattle on March 12th" or whatever. A couple weeks later, I'd call again, let them know. It wasn't that I had to, but I chose to. Just wanted to say, "Hey guys. Don't want to make it look like I'm making any sudden moves." (Laughter) "I don't want you guys to think that I'm about to flee. Just letting you know. Heads up." And so I just kept doing this over and over and over. And then the phone calls turned into emails, and the emails got longer and longer and longer ... with pictures, with travel tips. Then I'd make websites. And then I built this over here. Let me go back to it over here.
所以自此之後,我出發去第二度之前都會打畀FBI 同佢地講:“老友,我要去呢度,航班號幾多 “西北航空七號班機飛去西雅圖” “時間系三月12號”之類 幾個星期之後,我又會電話知會一聲 佢地冇叫我咁做,系我想咁做 想話:“夥計 “我唔想你地誤會我有乜嘢突然行動” (笑聲) “唔想你地以為我要走路 “講聲你地知,小心” 於是我就不斷不斷咁樣做 之後電話變咗電子郵件 電子郵件仲越寫越長 帶埋相片 旅行貼士 我識得做網頁 所以我整咗呢個網站,打開畀你地睇下
So I actually designed this back in 2003. So this kind of tracks me at any given moment. I wrote some code for my mobile phone. Basically, what I decided is okay guys, you want to watch me, that's cool. But I'll watch myself. It's okay. You don't have to waste your energy or your resources. And I'll help you out. So in the process, I start thinking, well what else might they know about me? Well they probably have all my flight records, so I decided to put all my flight records from birth online. So you can see, Delta 1252 going from Kansas City to Atlanta. And then you see, these are some of the meals that I've been fed on the planes. This was on Delta 719 going from JFK to San Francisco. See that? They won't let me on a plane with that, but they'll give it to me on the plane. (Laughter) These are the airports that I hang out in, because I like airports. That's Kennedy airport, May 19th, Tuesday. This is in Warsaw. Singapore. You can see, they're kind of empty.
系我2003年設計嘅 可以睇到我每時每刻嘅行蹤 我寫咗個手機程序 基本上我嘅諗法系,你想監視我,冇問題 但我會監視我自己,唔緊要 你唔需要浪費精力同埋人手 等我嚟幫你 係過程中,我開始思考,佢地對我仲有乜嘢瞭解? 佢地可能掌握咗我全部飛行記錄 所以我決定將我從出世以來嘅飛行記錄放上網 你可以見到,Delta 1252 從堪薩斯飛去亞特蘭大 你睇,呢啲系我食過嘅飛機餐 呢個系Delta 719 從甘乃迪機場飛去三藩市 見到未?佢地唔畀我帶刀上飛機 但系佢地會係飛機上畀我一把 (笑聲) 呢啲系我逛過嘅機場 因為我鐘意機場 呢個系五月19號星期二係甘乃迪機場 呢個系華沙 星加坡,你可以見到,機場冇乜人
These images are shot really anonymously to the point where it could be anyone. But if you can cross-reference this with the other data, then you're basically replaying the roll of the FBI agent and putting it all together. And when you're in a situation where you have to justify every moment of your existence, you're put in the situation where you react in a very different manner. At the time that this was going on, the last thing on my mind was "art project." I was certainly not thinking, hey, I got new work here. But after going through this, after realizing, well what just happened? And after piecing together this, this and this, this way of actually trying to figure out what happened for myself eventually evolved into this, and it actually became this project.
呢啲圖片嘅攝影者 可以系任何人 但如果同其他數據互相參考 基本上你就系用FBI探員嘅方式 整理出頭緒 如果你不得已 要證明自己每時每刻嘅行蹤 你可以用非常特別嘅方式嚟回應 我受到懷疑嘅個段時間 根本冇諗過“藝術項目” 我當然唔可能諗,好了,有工開了 但經歷之後,諗通發生咗乜嘢之後 將各種細節砌埋一齊 用呢種方式自我探索成件事 最後慢慢演變 就成為咗呢個項目
So these are the stores that I shop in -- some of them -- because they need to know. This is me buying some duck flavored paste at the Ranch 99 in Daly City on Sunday, November 15th. At Coreana Supermarket buying my kimchi because I like kimchi. And I bought some crabs too right around there, and some chitlins at the Safeway in Emoryville. And laundry too. Laundry detergent at West Oakland -- East Oakland, sorry. And then my pickled jellyfish at the Hong Kong Supermarket on Route 18 in East Brunswick. Now if you go to my bank records, it'll actually show something from there, so you know that, on May 9th, that I bought $14.79 in fuel from Safeway Vallejo.
呢啲系我幫襯過嘅一部分士多 因為佢地想知道我去過邉 我係呢度買過鴨醬 地點系達利市農場路99號 時間系11月15號星期日 一家韓國超市 買緊泡菜,因為我鐘意食 仲係個邊買咗蟹 係愛莫利維爾嘅超市買咗豬腸 係西奧克蘭買咗洗衣液 系東奧克蘭,唔好意思 仲買過醃海蜇 地點系東布倫瑞克18大道上嘅香港超市 如果你點開我嘅銀行記錄 就會見到 系五月九號呢日 我係瓦列霍嘅超市入過$14.79嘅油
So not only that I'm giving this information here and there, but now there's a third party, an independent third party, my bank, that's verifying that, yes indeed, I was there at this time. So there's points, and these points are actually being cross-referenced. And there's a verification taking place. Sometimes they're really small purchases. So 34 cents foreign transaction fee. All of these are extracted directly from my bank accounts, and everything pops up right away.
所以唔單只系我係度提供信息 仲有第三方參與提供 獨立嘅第三方,即系我嘅銀行 可以證明我當時的確係個度 所以有幾個點可以交叉對比 仲可以攞出證明 有陣時只系買咗少少嘢 譬如34美分嘅外匯手續費 呢啲全部系從我嘅銀行帳戶提取出來噶 可以一目了然
Sometimes there's a lot of information. This is exactly where my old apartment in San Francisco was. And then sometimes you get this. Sometimes you just get this, just an empty hallway in Salt Lake City, January 22nd. And I can tell you exactly who I was with, where I was, because this is what I had to do with the FBI. I had to tell them every little detail of everything. I spend a lot of time on the road. This is a parking lot in Elko, Nevada off of Route 80 at 8:01 p.m. on August 19th. I spend a lot of time in gas stations too -- empty train stations. So there's multiple databases. And there's thousands and thousands and thousands of images. There's actually 46,000 images right now on my site, and the FBI has seen all of them -- at least I trust they've seen all of them. And then sometimes you don't get much information at all, you just get this empty bed. And sometimes you get a lot of text information and no visual information. So you get something like this. This, by the way, is the location of my favorite sandwich shop in California -- Vietnamese sandwich.
有陣時信息好多 譬如呢個系我係三藩市嘅舊公寓 有陣時系咁樣 有陣時系咁,鹽湖城嘅一條空走廊 一月22號 我可以話畀你知我當時係邊度同邊個一齊 因為FBI就系要呢啲信息 每件事嘅每個小細節都要話畀佢地知 我經常出街 呢個系內華達艾爾科嘅一個停車場 係80號公路邉 時間系八月19號晚上8:01 我仲經常去加油站入油,呢個系空嘅火車站 所以我有多個資料庫 包含成千上萬張照片 我個網站依家有四萬六千張相 FBI已經全部睇過曬 至少我相信佢地睇過 有陣時信息少 譬如得張空床 有陣時淨系得文字信息冇圖像 譬如咁樣 呢個系我係加州最鐘意嘅三文治鋪 越南三文治
So there's different categorizations of meals eaten outside empty train stations, empty gas stations. These are some of the meals that I've been cooking at home. So how do you know these are meals eaten at home? Well the same plate shows up a whole bunch of times. So again, you have to do some detective work here. So sometimes the databases get so specific. These are all tacos eaten in Mexico City near a train station on July fifth to July sixth. At 11:39 a.m. was this one. At 1:56 p.m. was this one. At 4:59 p.m. was this one. So I time-stamp my life every few moments. Every few moments I shoot the image.
我將信息分門別類 包括係出邊食嘅飯 空火車站,空加油站 呢啲系我自己係屋企煮嘅飯 點樣證明系係屋企? 可以見到同一只碟出現好多次 呢點需要你去觀察推理 有啲資料庫非常特定 呢啲系我係墨西哥城食嘅粟米卷 係一個火車站附近 從七月五號到六號 中午11:39食嘅系呢個 呢個系下晝1:56食嘅,呢個系4:59食嘅 每隔一陣我就會幫我嘅生活印時章 隔一陣就影張相
Now it's all done on my iPhone, and it all goes straight up to my server, and my server does all the backend work and categorizes things and puts everything together. They need to know where I'm doing my business, because they want to know about my business. So on December 4th, I went here. And on Sunday, June 14th at 2009 -- this was actually about two o'clock in the afternoon in Skowhegan, Maine -- this was my apartment there. So what you're basically seeing here is all bits and pieces and all this information.
依家全部用iPhone搞掂 直接就可以上傳到我嘅服務器 服務器會進行後端工作 將信息分類放置 FBI想知道我係邊度上廁所 因為佢地要瞭解我嘅行動 12月四號我去咗呢度 2009年六月14號星期日 大概下晝兩點 係緬因州斯科希根,係我嘅公寓入邉 你依家見到嘅 系零零碎碎嘅信息
If you go to my site, there's tons of things. And really, it's not the most user-friendly interface. It's actually quite user-unfriendly. And one of the reasons, also being part of the user-unfriendliness, is that everything is there, but you have to really work through it. So by me putting all this information out there, what I'm basically telling you is I'm telling you everything. But in this barrage of noise that I'm putting out, I actually live an incredibly anonymous and private life. And you know very little about me actually. And really so I've come to the conclusion that the way you protect your privacy, particularly in an era where everything is cataloged and everything is archived and everything is recorded, there's no need to delete information anymore.
上我嘅網站仲可以見到好多其他嘢 講真,個界面唔系咁好用 應該話系幾難用 其中一個難用嘅原因 就系信息太全面了 讀起上來唔方便 我將呢啲信息放出來 基本上就系將我嘅所有嘢話畀你知 但系儘管我透露咗 好多信息 我嘅生活卻保持住高度隱蔽唔受打擾 外人其實對我知之甚少 所以我得出咗結論 要保護私隱 尤其系係呢個時代,乜都有記載 乜都有存檔,有記錄 根本冇必要再刪除信息
So what do you do when everything is out there? Well you have to take control over it. And if I give you this information directly, it's a very different type of identity than if you were to try to go through and try to get bits and pieces. The other thing that's also interesting that's going on here is the fact that intelligence agencies -- and it doesn't matter who they are -- they all operate in an industry where their commodity is information, or restricted access to information. And the reason their information has any value is, well, because no one else has access to it. And by me cutting out the middle man and giving it straight to you, the information that the FBI has has no value, so thus devaluing their currency. And I understand that, on an individual level, it's purely symbolic. But if 300 million people in the U.S. started doing this, we would have to redesign the entire intelligence system from the ground up. Because it just wouldn't work if everybody was sharing everything. And we're getting to that.
當所有資料都曝光了,你應該點做? 你應該掌握控制權 主動提供資料 同被動任人搜集資料 系非常唔同噶 仲有一點非常有趣 就系情報機構 唔理系邉一個 佢地嘅運作原理相同 信息就系佢地嘅商品 或者系有限嘅獲取信息嘅權利 佢地嘅信息之所以有價值 系因為其他人冇權獲取 我唔通過中間人 而系直接將信息畀你 咁樣FBI掌握嘅信息就毫無價值了 佢地嘅信息貨幣就貶值了 我知道係個人層面 呢個純粹系象徵性做法 但系如果係美國嘅三億人 都開始咁樣做 情報系統就必須要全部由頭 重新設計 因為如果大家將信息全部攞出來分享,佢地就唔適用了 已經有呢種趨勢
When I first started this project, people were looking at me and saying, "Why would you want to tell everybody what you're doing, where you're at? Why are you posting these photos?" This was an age before people were Tweeting everywhere and 750 million people were posting status messages or poking people. So in a way, I'm glad that I'm completely obsolete. I'm still doing this project, but it is obsolete, because you're all doing it. This is something that we all are doing on a daily basis, whether we're aware of it or not. So we're creating our own archives and so on.
我啱啱開始呢個項目嘅時候 好多人同我講 “點解你要話畀大家知你係邊度做緊乜嘢? “點解你要發呢啲相?” 當時社交網絡仲未興起 七億五千萬人 仲未開始發表狀態 或者係社交網打招呼 從某種意義來講,我好開心我完全脫節 我依家仲做緊呢個項目,但系已經過時了 因為你地都做緊同樣嘅事 呢啲系我地大家日常都做噶 唔理你有冇意識到 我地係度建立緊我地自己嘅檔案
And you know, some of my friends have always said, "Hey, you're just paranoid. Why are you doing this? Because no one's really watching. No one's really going to bother you." So one of the things that I do is I actually look through my server logs very carefully. Because it's about surveillance. I'm watching who's watching me. And I came up with these. So these are some of my sample logs. And just little bits and pieces, and you can see some of the things there. And I cleaned up the list a little bit so you can see. So you can see that the Homeland Security likes to come by -- Department of Homeland Security. You can see the National Security Agency likes to come by. I actually moved very close to them. I live right down the street from them now. Central Intelligence Agency. Executive Office of the President. Not really sure why they show up, but they do. I think they kind of like to look at art. And I'm glad that we have patrons of the arts in these fields.
我有啲朋友成日話 “你諗太多了,點解要做埋曬啲無謂嘢 “又冇人真系會睇 “冇人會來煩你噶” 所以我做嘅其中一樣嘢 就系仔細查看我嘅服務器日誌 因為同監視有關 我要睇下邊個係度監視我 結果發現呢啲 呢啲系部分抽樣日誌 只系好少一部分,你可以見到邊個來過 我精簡出一個列表畀你地睇 你可以見到國土安全局經常光臨 國土安全局 國家安全局都經常來 其實我搬咗去佢地附近,就係佢地條街下邊 中央情報局 總統執行辦公室 唔知點解,不過佢地真系來過 我諗系因為佢地鐘意藝術 我好開心係呢啲部門有藝術愛好者
So thank you very much. I appreciate it.
多謝你地,感激不盡
(Applause)
(掌聲)
Bruno Giussani: Hasan, just curious. You said, "Now everything automatically goes from my iPhone," but actually you do take the pictures and put on information. So how many hours of the day does that take?
布魯諾·朱撒尼:哈桑,好奇問一句 你話依家信息系自動從你部iPhone放上網 但系相片同埋信息都要靠你來拍攝輸入 咁你一日要花幾多個鐘來做呢啲嘢?
HE: Almost none. It's no different than sending a text. It's no different than checking an email. It's one of those things, we got by just fine before we had to do any of those. So it's just become another day. I mean, when we update a status message, we don't really think about how long that's going to take. So it's really just a matter of my phone clicking a couple of clicks, send, and then it's done. And everything's automated at the other end.
哈桑:幾乎唔使 影相上傳 同發短訊冇乜區別 就好似查郵箱 以前唔做呢啲嘢個陣日子照樣過 依家只不過多咗件事 我地更新狀態嘅時候 根本唔會諗要使幾長時間 其實只不過系係手機度按幾下 發送,搞掂 網絡個邉就會自動整理了
BG: On the day you are in a place where there is no coverage, the FBI gets crazy?
布魯諾:如果你去咗一個上唔到網嘅地方,FBI咪會發癲?
HE: Well it goes to the last point that I was at. So it holds onto the very last point. So if I'm on a 12-hour flight, you'll see the last airport that I departed from.
哈桑:就好似我最後講嘅 有我最後出現嘅地點記錄就得了 譬如我要飛12個鐘 我會上傳出發嘅機場信息
BG: Hasan, thank you very much. (HE: Thank you.)
布魯諾:哈桑,非常多謝你(哈桑:多謝)
(Applause)
(掌聲)