I think the future of this planet depends on humans, not technology, and we already have the knowledge -- we’re kind of at the endgame with knowledge. But we’re nowhere near the endgame when it comes to our perception. We still have one foot in the dark ages. And when you listen to some of the presentations here -- and the extraordinary range of human capability, our understandings -- and then you contrast it with the fact we still call this planet, "Earth:" it’s pretty extraordinary -- we have one foot in the dark ages.
Smatram da budućnost ovog planeta ovisi o ljudima, ne o tehnologiji, a već posjedujemo znanje -- mi smo na krajnjoj točki dosega znanja. Ali nismo ni blizu krajnjeg dosega kada se radi o našoj percepciji. Još smo jednom nogom u mračnom dobu. Kada slušate neke od govora ovdje -- o iznimnom rasponu ljudske mogućnosti, naših shvaćanja, i onda kad to suprotstavite s činjenicom da još uvijek ovaj planet nazivamo "Zemljom": čudno je -- jednom nogom smo u mračnom dobu.
Just quickly: Aristotle, his thing was, "It’s not flat, stupid, it’s round." Galileo -- he had the Inquisition, so he had to be a little bit more polite -- his was, "It’s not in the middle, you know." And Hawkes: "it’s not earth, stupid, it’s ocean." This is an ocean planet. T.S. Eliot really said it for me -- and this should give you goose bumps: "we shall not cease from exploration and the end of our exploring shall be to return where we started and know the place for the first time." And the next lines are, "Through the unknown remembered gate, where the last of earth discovered is that which is the beginning." So I have one message. It seems to me that we’re all pointed in the wrong direction.
Na brzinu: Aristotelova ideja bila je: "Nije ravna, budalo, okrugla je". Galileo je imao Inkviziciju pa je morao biti pristojniji -- govorio je: "Znate, ona zapravo nije u središtu". A Hawkes tvrdi: "To nije zemlja, budalo, to je ocean." Ovo je oceanski planet. T. S. Eliot je to dobro rekao umjesto mene -- i trebali biste se naježiti od ovoga: "Nećemo prestati s istraživanjem, a kraj našeg istraživanja bit će povratak na početak i tada ćemo tek po prvi put poznavati ovo mjesto. Sljedeći stihovi kažu: "Kroz nepoznata poznata vrata, kada otkrijemo i posljednji dio zemlje, tada ćemo biti na početku." Stoga imam poruku. Čini mi se da smo svi okrenuti u pogrešnom smjeru.
For the rocketeers in the audience: I love what you’re doing, I admire the guts, I admire the courage -- but your rockets are pointed in the wrong goddamn direction. (Laughter) And it’s all a question of perspective. Let me try and tell you -- I don’t mean to insult you, but look, if I -- and I’m not doing this for real because it would be an insult, so I’m going to pretend, and it softens the blow -- I’m going to tell you what you’re thinking. If I held up a square that was one foot square and the color of earth, and I held up another square that was the root two square -- so it’s 1.5 times bigger -- and was the color of the oceans; and I said, what is the relative value of these two things? Well, it’s the relative importance. You would say -- yeah, yeah, yeah, we all know this; water covers twice the area of the planet than dry land. But it’s a question of perception, and if that’s what you’re thinking, if that’s what you think I mean when I say, "This is an ocean planet stupidly called 'Earth.'" If you think that that’s the relative importance, two to one, you’re wrong by a factor of ten. Now, you’re not as thick as two short planks, but you sound like it when you say "Earth," because that demonstration, if I turned around this way -- that earth plane would be as thin as paper. It’s a thin film, two-dimensional existence. The ocean representation would have a depth to it. And if you hefted those two things you might find that the relative scale of those is 20 to 1.
Za graditelje raketa u publici: obožavam to što radite, divim se odvažnosti, divim se hrabrosti -- ali vaše rakete su usmjerene u prokleto pogrešnom smjeru. (Smijeh) A sve je pitanje kuta gledanja. Dajte da vam pokušam reći -- ne želim vas uvrijediti, ali vidite, ako ja -- ne činim to zapravo jer bi to bila uvreda, pa ću se pretvarati, to ublažava udarac. Reći ću vam što vi mislite. Ako bih držao kvadrat veličine desetine kvadratnog metra u boji zemlje, te drugi kvadrat iste veličine na drugu potenciju -- dakle 1,5 put veći -- u boji oceana; rekao sam, koja je relativna vrijednost ovih dviju stvari? Pa, važnost je relativna. Rekli biste -- da, da, svi to znamo; voda prekriva dvostruko veću površinu planeta nego suho kopno. Ali to je pitanje kuta gledanja, i ako mislite na to, ako mislite da ja mislim na to kada kažem, "Ovo je oceanski planet koji neuko zovemo Zemljom", ako mislite da je to relativna važnost, dva naprema jedan, u krivu ste na desetu potenciju. Pa, niste glupi kao klada, ali doimate se takvima kada kažete "Zemlja", jer to inzistiranje, ako bih se okrenuo ovako -- obujam Zemlje bio bi tanak poput papira. To je tanak sloj, dvodimenzionalno postojanje. Predstavljanje oceana bi mu dodalo dubinu. I ako biste teglili te dvije stvari, otkrili biste da je relativan odnos ovih dviju stvari 20 naprema 1.
It turns out that something more than 94 percent of life on earth is aquatic. That means that us terrestrials occupy a minority. The problem we have in believing that is -- you just have to give up this notion that this Earth was created for us. Because it’s a problem we have. If this is an ocean planet and we only have a small minority of this planet, it just interferes with a lot of what humanity thinks.
Očito je da je nešto više od 94 posto života na planetu u vodi. To znači da smo mi zemljani u manjini. Problem s vjerovanjem u to -- morate odustati od tog pojma da je ova Zemlja stvorena za nas. To je problem koji imamo. Ako je ovo oceanski planet i mi posjedujemo samo manji djelić planeta, to se jednostavno kosi s mnogočime u što čovječanstvo vjeruje.
Okay. Let me criticize this thing. I’m not talking about James Cameron -- although I could, but I won’t. You really do have to go and see his latest film, "Aliens of the Deep." It’s incredible. It features two of these deep rovers, and I can criticize them because these sweet things are mine. This, I think, represents one of the most beautiful classic submersibles built. If you look at that sub, you’ll see a sphere. This is an acryclic sphere. It generates all of the buoyancy, all of the payload for the craft, and the batteries are down here hanging underneath, exactly like a balloon. This is the envelope, and this is the gondola, the payload. Also coming up later for criticism are these massive lights. And this one actually carries two great manipulators. It actually is a very good working sub -- that’s what it was designed for. The problem with it is -- and the reason I will never build another one like it -- is that this is a product of two-dimensional thinking. It’s what we humans do when we go in the ocean as engineers; we take all our terrestrial hang-ups, all our constraints -- importantly, these two-dimensional constraints that we have, and they’re so constrained we don’t even understand it -- and we take them underwater. You notice that Jim Cameron is sitting in a seat. A seat works in a two-dimensional world, where gravity blasts down on that seat, OK? And in a two-dimensional world, we do know about the third dimension but we don’t use it because to go up requires an awful lot of energy against gravity. And then our mothers tell us, "Careful you don’t fall down" -- because you’ll fall over.
U redu. Sada ću kritizirati ovo. Ne govorim o Jamesu Cameronu -- iako bih mogao, ali neću. Stvarno morate pogledati njegov zadnji film, "Izvanzemaljci u dubini". Nevjerojatan je. U njemu su ta dva putnika u dubinu i mogu ih kritizirati jer te divne stvari pripadaju meni. Ovo, smatram, predstavlja jednu od najljepših klasičnih podmornica ikada sagrađenih. Pogledate li tu podmornicu, vidjet ćete kuglu. To je akrilna kugla. Ona stvara plovnost i sav teret plovila, a baterije vise odozgo, baš poput balona. Ovo je omotač, a ovo je gondola, teret. Također podložna kritici su ova masivna svjetla. A ova zapravo nosi dva velika manipulatora. To je, zapravo, dobra radna podmornica -- za to je i dizajnirana. Problem s njom je -- i razlog zašto nikada neću sagraditi još jednu takvu -- jest to što je ona proizvod dvodimenzionalnog razmišljanja. To je to što mi ljudi činimo kada odemo u ocean kao inženjeri; preuzmemo našu vezanost za kopno, sva naša ograničenja -- što je važno, ta dvodimenzionalna ograničenja koja imamo, koja su tako ograničena da ih čak niti ne razumijemo -- a mi ih odnesemo pod vodu. Primijetit ćete da James Cameron sjedi u sjedalu. Sjedalo funkcionira u dvodimenzionalnom svijetu, gdje gravitacija vrši pritisak na to sjedalo, OK? I u dvodimenzionalnom svijetu, znamo za treću dimenziju, ali je ne koristimo, jer da bismo išli gore, trebalo bi strašno mnogo energije protiv gravitacije. I majke nam govore, "Pazi da ne padneš" -- jer ćeš pasti.
Now, go into the real atmosphere of this planet. This planet has an inner atmosphere of water; it’s its inner atmosphere. It has two atmospheres -- a lesser, outer gaseous atmosphere, a lighter one. Most of life on earth is in that inner atmosphere. And that life enjoys a three-dimensional existence, which is alien to us. Fish do not sit in seats. (Laughter) They don’t. Their mothers don’t say to little baby fish, "Careful you don’t fall over." They don’t fall over. They don’t fall. They live in a three-dimensional world where there is no difference in energy between going this way, that way, that way or that way. It’s truly a three-dimensional space. And we’re only just beginning to grasp it. I don’t know of any other submersible, or even remote, that just takes advantage that this is a three-dimensional space.
A sad, otiđite u pravu atmosferu ovog planeta. Planet ima unutarnju atmosferu vode; svoju unutarnju atmosferu. Ima dvije atmosfere -- manju, vanjsku plinovitu atmosferu koja je lakša. Većina života na Zemlji je u toj unutarnjoj atmosferi. I taj život uživa u trodimenzionalnom postojanju, koje je nama strano. Ribe ne sjede u sjedalima. (Smijeh) Ne sjede. Njihove majke ne govore malenim ribama, "Pazi da ne padneš". One ne padaju. Ne padaju. One žive u trodimenzionalnom svijetu gdje nema razlike u energiji između kretanja ovamo, onamo, tamo ili tamo. To je doista trodimenzionalan svijet. A mi ga tek počinjemo shvaćati. Ne znam za koju drugu podmornicu ili plovilo na daljinsko upravljanje, koje iskorištava saznanje da se radi o trodimenzionalnom prostoru.
This is the way we should be going into the oceans. This is a three-dimensional machine. What we need to do is go down into the ocean with the freedom of the animals, and move in this three-dimensional space. OK, this is good stuff. This is man’s first attempt at flying underwater. Right now, I’m just coming down on this gorgeous, big, giant manta ray. She has twice the wingspan that I do. There I’m coming; she sees me. And just notice how she rolls under and turns; she doesn’t sit there and try and blow air into a tank and kind of flow up or sink down -- she just rolls. And the craft that I’m in -- this hasn’t been shown before. Chris asked us to show stuff that hasn’t been shown before. I wanted you to notice that she actually turned to come back up. There I am; I see her coming back, coming up underneath me. I put reverse thrust and I try and pull gently down. I’m trying to do everything very gently. We spent about three hours together and she’s beginning to trust me. And this ballet is controlled by this lady here. She gets about that close and then she pulls away. So now I try and go after her, but I’m practicing flying. This is the first flying machine. This was the first prototype. This was a fly by wire. It has wings. There’re no silly buoyancy tanks -- it’s permanently, positively buoyant. And then by moving through the water it’s able to take that control. Now, look at that; look, it’s -- she just blew me away. She just rolled right away from underneath. Really that’s the only real dive I’ve ever made in this machine.
Na ovaj način bismo trebali pristupati oceanima. Ovo je trodimenzionalni stroj. Trebamo odlaziti na dno oceana slobodni poput životinja i kretati se u tom trodimenzionalnom prostoru. OK, ovo je stvarno dobro. Ovo je prvi pokušaj čovjeka da leti pod vodom. Trenutno se spuštam do ove divne ogromne raže. Ona ima dvostruko veći raspon krila od mene. Evo me, dolazim, vidi me. Vidite kako se svija ispod i okreće; ne sjedi pokušavajući upuhati zrak u spremnik kako bi pokušala poletjeti ili potonuti -- samo se savija. A plovilo u kojem se nalazim -- ovo još nitko nije vidio. Chris je zamolio da pokažemo stvari koje ranije nisu viđene. Želio sam da primijetite kako se prevrnula da bi se vratila gore. Evo me; vidim kako se vraća, dolazi ispod mene. Okrećem se suprotno i pokušavam se nježno spustiti. Sve pokušavam raditi vrlo nježno. Proveli smo skoro tri sata zajedno i ona mi počinje vjerovati. A ovaj balet kontrolira ova dama ovdje. Dolazi ovoliko blizu i zatim se povlači. Sada pokušavam ići za njom, ali vježbam letenje. Ovo je prvi leteći stroj. Ovo je bio prototip. Ovo je bio elektronički navođen let. Ima krila. Nema smiješnih plovnih spremnika. Trajno je, pozitivno plovni. A kretanjem kroz vodu može preuzeti tu kontrolu. Pa pogledajte to -- jednostavno me je ostavila bez riječi. Samo se zavrnula od ispod. Zapravo ovo je jedini pravi zaron koji sam izveo ovim strojem.
It took 10 years to build. But this lady here taught me, hah, taught me so much. We just learned so much in three hours in the water there. I just had to go and build another machine. But look here. Instead of blowing tanks and coming up slowly without thinking about it, it’s a little bit of back pressure, and that sub just comes straight back up out of the water.
Bilo je potrebno 10 godina za gradnju. Ali ova dama ovdje naučila me je, toliko toga me je naučila. Toliko toga smo naučili u ta tri sata provedena u vodi ondje. Jednostavno sam morao otići i sagraditi bolji stroj. Ali pogledajte. Umjesto puhanja u spremnike i polaganog uspinjanja bez razmišljanja, radi se o samo malo pritiska odozdo i podmornica jednostavno izlazi ravno iz vode.
This is an internal Sony camera. Thank you, Sony. I don’t really look that ugly, but the camera is so close that it’s just distorted. Now, there she goes, right overhead. This is a wide-angle camera. She’s just a few inches off the top of my head. "Aah, ha, oh, he just crossed over the top of my head about, oh, I don’t know, just so close." I come back up, not for air. "This is an incredible encounter with a manta. I’m speechless. We’ve been just feet apart. I’m going back down now." Okay, can we cut that? Lights back up please. (Applause)
Ovo je unutarnja Sony kamera. Hvala, Sony. Nisam doista ovako ružan, ali kamera je tako blizu da je slika iskrivljena. Evo je, točno iznad mene. Ovo je kamera širokog raspona. Samo je nekoliko centimetara iznad moje glave. Upravo je prešla iznad moje glave, oh, ne znam, toliko blizu". Vraćam se gore, ne radi uzimanja zraka. "Ovo je nevjerojatan susret s ražom. Bez riječi sam. Samo smo par metara udaljeni. Idem ponovo dolje". OK, možemo li to ugasiti? Molim svjetla natrag. (Pljesak)
Trying to fly and keep up with that animal -- it wasn’t the lack of maneuverability that we had. It was the fact she was going so slow. I actually designed that to move faster through the water because I thought that was the thing that we needed to do: to move fast and get range. But after that encounter I really did want to go back with that animal and dance. She wanted to dance. And so what we needed to do was increase the wing area so that we just had more grip, develop higher forces.
Pokušaj leta i održavanje tempa s ovom životinjom -- nismo imali problem s manevriranjem, nego s tim da se kretala tako sporo. Dizajnirao samo je kako bi se brže kretala kroz vodu jer sam mislio da je to stvar koju moramo učiniti: kretati se brzo i dobiti raspon. Ali nakon ovog susreta stvarno sam je želio opet sresti i zaplesati. Željela je plesati. Trebali smo povećati površinu krila kako bismo imali veći zahvat, razvili više snage.
So the sub that was outside last year -- this is the one. You see the larger wing area here. Also, clearly, it was such a powerful thing, we wanted to try and bring other people but we couldn't figure out how to do it. So we opened the world’s first flight school. The rational for the world’s first flight school goes something like: when the coastguards come up to me and say -- they used to leave us alone when we were diving these goofy little spherical things, but when we started flying around in underwater jet fighters they got a little nervous -- they would come up and say, "Do you have a license for that?" And then I’d put my sunglasses on, the beard that would all sprout out, and I would say, "I don’t need no stinking license." (Laughter) "I write these stinking license," which I do. So Bob Gelfond's around here -- but somebody in the audience here has license number 20. They’re one of the first subsea aviators. So we’ve run two flight schools. Where the hell that goes, I don’t know, but it’s a lot of fun. What comes next in 30 seconds? I can’t tell you.
Podmornica koja je završena lani -- ova ovdje. Vidite ovdje veću površinu krila. Također, jasno, bila je to moćna stvar da smo htjeli povesti druge ljude, ali nismo uspjeli shvatiti kako. Pa smo otvorili prvu svjetsku školu letenja. Ideja vodilja prve svjetske škole letenja bila je otprilike: kada mi čuvari obale priđu i kažu -- obično bi nas pustili na miru kada bismo ronili u ovim smiješnim malim okruglim predmetima, ali kada smo počeli letjeti uokolo u podvodnim letjelicama, postali su malo nervozni -- prišli bi nam i rekli, "Imate li dozvolu za ovo?" I onda bih spustio svoje sunčane naočale na raščupanu bradu i rekao, "Ne treba mi nikakva smrdljiva dozvola." (Smijeh) "Ja izdajem te smrdljive dozvole", što je istina. Bob Geldof je negdje ovdje -- ali netko u publici ima dozvolu br. 20. To su prvi podvodni letači. Vodili smo dvije škole letenja. Nemam pojma kako će to završiti, ali je jako zabavno. Što će se pojaviti u sljedećih 30 sekundi? Ne mogu vam reći.
But the patent for underwater flight -- Karen and I, we were looking at it, some business partners wanted us to patent it -- we weren’t sure about that. We’ve decided we’re just going to let that go. It just seems wrong to try and patent -- (Applause) -- the freedom for underwater flight. So anybody who wants to copy us and come and join us, go for it. The other thing is that we’ve got much lower costs. We developed some other technology called spider optics, and Craig Ventner asked me to make an announcement here this morning: we’re going to be building a beautiful, little, small version of this -- unmanned, super deep -- for his boat to go and get back some deep sea DNA stuff. (Applause) Thank you.
Ali patent za podvodni let -- Karen i ja smo ga proučavali, poslovni partneri htjeli su da ga patentiramo -- nismo bili sigurni u to, odlučili smo odustati od toga. Jednostavno zvuči pogrešno pokušati to patentirati -- (Pljesak) -- slobodu podvodnog letenja. Pa svatko tko nas želi kopirati može nam se slobodno pridružiti. Druga stvar je da mi to radimo uz puno manje troškova. Razvili smo još neku tehnologiju imena paučja optika, i Craig Ventner me je zamolio da je najavim ovog jutra: gradit ćemo prekrasne, malene, male verzije ove - bespilotne, vrlo duboke kako bi njegov čamac mogao otići i pribaviti DNK iz dubokog mora. (Pljesak) Hvala.