Welcome to "Five Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do." I don't have children. I borrow my friends' children, so --
Dobrodošli u ¨Pet opasnih stvari koje bi trebali dopustiti svojoj djeci da rade¨. Ja nemam djece. Posuđujem djecu od prijatelja.
(Laughter)
(smijeh)
take all this advice with a grain of salt. I'm Gever Tulley. I'm a contract computer scientist by trade, but I'm the founder of something called the Tinkering School. It's a summer program which aims to help kids learn how to build the things that they think of. So we build a lot of things, and I do put power tools into the hands of second-graders. So if you're thinking about sending your kid to Tinkering School, they do come back bruised, scraped and bloody.
Uzmite sve ove savjete sa velikom rezervom. Ja sam Gever Tulley. Informatičar sam po struci, ali sam i osnivač nečega sto se zove Tinkering škola. To je ljetni program kojemu je cilj pomoći djeci da nauče izgraditi stvari koje si zamisle. Tako da gradimo mnogo stvari. Ja stavljam električne aparate u ruke učenika drugog razreda. Ako mislite poslati vaše dijete u Tinkering školu, morate znati da se oni vraćaju s modricama, ogrebeni i krvavi.
(Laughter)
You know, we live in a world that's subjected to ever more stringent child safety regulations. There doesn't seem to be any limit on how crazy child safety regulations can get. We put suffocation warnings on every piece of plastic film manufactured in the United States, or for sale with an item in the United States. We put warnings on coffee cups to tell us that the contents may be hot. And we seem to think that any item sharper than a golf ball is too sharp for children under the age of 10.
Dakle, mi živimo u svijetu koji je sve više podvrgnut sve strožim propisima o sigurnosti djece. Čini se da nema granice u ludosti propisa o dječjoj sigurnosti. Stavljamo upozorenja na sve- na svaki dio plastike proizveden u SAD-u ili za prodaju u SAD-u. Stavljamo upozorenja na šalice za kavu koja nam govore da bi sadržaj šalice mogao biti vruć. I čini se da mislimo da je svaka stvar koja je oštrija od loptice za golf preoštra za djecu mlađu od 10 godina.
So where does this trend stop? When we round every corner and eliminate every sharp object, every pokey bit in the world, then the first time that kids come in contact with anything sharp, or not made out of round plastic, they'll hurt themselves with it. So, as the boundaries of what we determine as the safety zone grow ever smaller, we cut off our children from valuable opportunities to learn how to interact with the world around them. And despite all of our best efforts and intentions, kids are always going to figure out how to do the most dangerous thing they can, in whatever environment they can.
Gdje ovaj trend prestaje? Kada zaokružimo svaki ugao i uklonimo svaki oštri predmet, sve šiljasto na svijetu, djeca će se povrijediti kada prvi put dođu u kontakt s nečim oštrim ili nečime što nije napravljeno od okrugle plastike. Dakle, kako se granice onoga što smo mi odredili kao zonu sigurnosti smanjuju, tako oduzimamo svojoj djeci vrijedna iskustva o tome kako se odnositi prema svijetu oko sebe. I unatoč svim našim nastojanjima i trudu, djeca će uvijek pronaći način da naprave najopasniju stvar koju mogu, u bilo kojoj okolini.
(Laughter)
Unatoč provokativnom nazivu, ova prezentacija zapravo govori o sigurnosti i
So despite the provocative title, this presentation is really about safety, and about some simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative, confident and in control of the environment around them. And what I now present to you is an excerpt from a book in progress. The book is called "50 Dangerous Things." This is "Five Dangerous Things."
o nekim jednostavnim stvarima koje možemo učiniti da odgojimo svoju djecu da budu kreativna, samopouzdana i da se snalaze u okolišu oko sebe. Ono što vam sad predstavljam je isječak iz knjige u procesu izrade. Knjiga se zove „50 opasnih stvari“. Ovo su 5 opasnih stvari.
Thing number one: Play with fire. Learning to control one of the most elemental forces in nature is a pivotal moment in any child's personal history. Whether we remember it or not, it's the first time we really get control of one of these mysterious things. These mysteries are only revealed to those who get the opportunity to play with it. So, playing with fire. This is like one of the great things we ever discovered, fire. From playing with it, they learn some basic principles about fire, about intake, combustion, exhaust. These are the three working elements of fire that you have to have for a good, controlled fire. And you can think of the open-pit fire as a laboratory. You don't know what they're going to learn from playing with it. Let them fool around with it on their own terms and trust me, they're going to learn things that you can't get out of playing with Dora the Explorer toys.
Stvar broj jedan - igranje s vatrom. Naučiti kako kontrolirati jednu od elementarnih sila prirode važan je trenutak u dječjoj osobnoj povijesti. Pamtili mi to ili ne, to je- -to je prvi put kada mi stvarno kontroliramo jednu od tih misterioznih stvari. Ti misteriji otkriveni su samo onima koji dobiju priliku igrati se s njima. Dakle, igranje s vatrom. To je jedna od najvećih stvari koje smo otkrili, vatra. Igrajući se s njom, (djeca) uče osnovne stvari o vatri, o potpaljivanju, izgaranju, gašenju. To su tri osnovna elementa vatre koja morate imati da biste imali dobro kontroliranu vatru. O vatri na otvorenom možete misliti kao o laboratoriju. Vi ne znate sto će oni naučiti igrajući se s njom. Znate, pustite ih da se igraju s njom pod svojim uvjetima i vjerujte mi, naučit će stvari koje ne mogu naučiti gledajući Doru istražiteljicu.
(Laughter)
Broj dva- posjedujte džepni nožić,
Number two: Own a pocketknife. Pocketknives are kind of drifting out of our cultural consciousness, which I think is a terrible thing.
džepni nožići polako odlaze iz naše kulturne svijesti, što smatram jako lošom stvari.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
Your first pocketknife is like the first universal tool that you're given. You know, it's a spatula, it's a pry bar, it's a screwdriver and it's a blade, yeah. And it's a powerful and empowering tool. And in a lot of cultures they give knives -- like, as soon as they're toddlers, they have knives. These are Inuit children cutting whale blubber. I first saw this in a Canadian Film Board film when I was 10, and it left a lasting impression, to see babies playing with knives. And it shows that kids can develop an extended sense of self through a tool at a very young age. You lay down a couple of very simple rules -- always cut away from your body, keep the blade sharp, never force it -- and these are things kids can understand and practice with. And yeah, they're going to cut themselves. I have some terrible scars on my legs from where I stabbed myself. But you know, they're young. They heal fast.
Vaš prvi - vaš prvi džepni nožić prvi je univerzalni alat koji ste dobili. Znate, lopatica, poluga i oštrica. To je – snažan i moćan alat. U mnogim kulturama daju noževe - dok su još mala, djeca imaju noževe. To su djeca Inuita koja režu kitovu mast. To sam prvi put vidio u filmu Kanadskog odbora za film kada sam imao 10 godina i to je ostavilo trajni dojam na mene, gledanje djece kako se igraju noževima. To pokazuje da djeca mogu razviti svijest o sebi koristeći alat u ranim godinama života. Postavite nekoliko jednostavnih pravila - uvijek režite od svog tijela, držite oštricu oštrom, nikad je ne silite - i to su tri stvari koje djeca mogu razumjeti i vježbati u skladu s tim. I da, porezat će se. Imam straše ožiljke po nogama gdje sam se ubo. Ali, znate, mladi su. Brzo zacjeljuju.
(Laughter)
(smijeh)
Number three: Throw a spear. It turns out that our brains are actually wired for throwing things, and like muscles, if you don't use parts of your brain, they tend to atrophy over time. But when you exercise them, any given muscle adds strength to the whole system, and that applies to your brain, too. So practicing throwing things has been shown to stimulate the frontal and parietal lobes, which have to do with visual acuity, 3D understanding, and structural problem solving, so it helps develop their visualization skills and their predictive ability. And throwing is a combination of analytical and physical skill, so it's very good for that kind of whole-body training. These kinds of target-based practices also help kids develop attention and concentration skills, so those are great.
Broj tri - bacanje koplja. Ispada da su naši mozgovi zapravo ¨navijeni¨ za bacanje stvari i, kao mišići, ako ne koristite te dijelove mozga oni atrofiraju nakon određenog vremena. Ali kada ih vježbate, svaki mišić daje snagu cijelom organizmu i to se odnosi i na mozak također. Dakle, bacanje stvari pokazalo se stimulirajućim za frontalni i parentalni režanj, koji imaju veze s vidnom oštrinom, razumijevanjem treće dimenzije i rješavanjem problemskih zadataka, tako da daju smisao - to pomaže razvoju njihovih vizualizacijskih vještina i predviđačke sposobnosti. Bacanje je kombinacija analitičke i fizičke vještine, tako da je jako dobro za vježbanje cijeloga tijela. Ovakve vježbe pomažu djeci u razvijanju pozornosti i koncentracije. Dakle, odlične su.
Number [four]: Deconstruct appliances. There is a world of interesting things inside your dishwasher. Next time you're about to throw out an appliance, don't throw it out. Take it apart with your kid, or send him to my school, and we'll take it apart with them. Even if you don't know what the parts are, puzzling out what they might be for is a really good practice for the kids to get sort of the sense that they can take things apart, and no matter how complex they are, they can understand parts of them. And that means that eventually, they can understand all of them. It's a sense of knowability, that something is knowable. So these black boxes that we live with and take for granted are actually complex things made by other people, and you can understand them.
Broj četiri - rastavljanje kućanskih aparata. Cijeli se svijet zanimljivih stvari nalazi u vašoj perilici za suđe. Sljedeći put kad budete htjeli baciti aparat, nemojte. Rastavite ga zajedno sa svojim djetetom, ili ga pošaljite u moju školu pa ćemo ga zajedno rastaviti. Čak i ako ne znate dijelove, razmišljati čemu služe može biti jako dobra vježba za djecu da stvore predodžbu da mogu rastaviti stvari, i bez obzira koliko komplicirane bile, da mogu razumjeti njihove dijelove i da ih s vremenom mogu razumjeti u potpunosti. To je osjećaj znanja, da nešto može biti spoznato. Dakle, te crne su kutije s kojima živimo i uzimamo ih zdravo za gotovo zapravo složene stvari koje su napravili drugi ljudi, a mi možemo razumjeti.
Number five: Two-parter. Break the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
Broj pet - prženje. Prekršite zakon o autorskim pravima.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
There are laws beyond safety regulations that attempt to limit how we can interact with the things that we own -- in this case, digital media. It's a very simple exercise: Buy a song on iTunes, write it to a CD, then rip the CD to an MP3, and play it on your very same computer. You've just broken a law. Technically, the RIAA could come and prosecute you. It's an important lesson for kids to understand, that some of these laws get broken by accident, and that laws have to be interpreted. That's something we often talk about with the kids when we're fooling around with things and breaking them open, and taking them apart and using them for other things. And also when we go out and drive a car. Driving a car is a really empowering act for a young child, so this is the alternate --
Postoje zakoni izvan sigurnosnih propisa koji pokušavaju ograničiti kako možemo komunicirati sa stvarima koje posjedujemo - u ovom slučaju, digitalni mediji. To je vrlo jednostavna vježba - kupite pjesmu na iTunes-u, ¨prepržite¨ je na CD, a zatim je s CD-a prebacite u MP3 i reproducirate je na vlastitom računalu. Vi ste upravo prekršili zakon. Tehnički, RIAA može doći i progoniti vas. To je važna lekcija za djecu – trebaju shvatiti da se neki od zakona krše slučajno i da se zakone mora protumačiti. I to je nešto o čemu mi često pričamo s djecom kada se igramo sa stvarima te ih lomimo i rastavljamo i koristimo za druge svrhe. Također kada vozimo auto. Vožnja automobila je –je stvarno čin koji mlade čini moćnima, dakle, to je vrh.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
For those of you who aren't comfortable actually breaking the law, you can drive a car with your child. This is a great stage for a kid. This happens about the same time that they get latched onto things like dinosaurs, these big things in the outside world, that they're trying to get a grip on. A car is a similar object, and they can get in a car and drive it. And that really gives them a handle on a world in a way that they don't often have access to. And it's perfectly legal. Find a big empty lot, make sure there's nothing in it, and that it's on private property, and let them drive your car. It's very safe actually. And it's fun for the whole family.
Za sve vas kojima nije ugodno kršiti zakon, možete voziti automobil sa svojim djetetom. To je - to je super pozornica za vaše dijete. To se događa otprilike u isto vrijeme kada se uhvate stvari, kao na primjer dinosaura, to su velike stvari u vanjskom svijetu koje žele shvatiti. Automobil je sličan predmet, a oni mogu sjesti u auto i voziti ga. A to je stvarno kao - to im daje upravljač nad svijetom na način na koji ne bi – kojemu nemaju pristup tako često. Dakle - i to je savršeno legalno. Nađite veliko prazno parkiralište, provjerite da ne postoji ništa u njemu i da je na privatnom posjedu i neka voze vaš automobil. To je zapravo vrlo sigurno. I zabavno je za cijelu obitelj.
(Laughter)
(Smijeh)
Let's see, I think that's it. That's number five and a half. OK.
Dakle, da vidimo.