Vull que imagineu l'avanç que això va representar per a les dones que eren víctimes de violència als anys 80. Venien a la sala d'emergències amb el que la policia anomenava "una baralla entre estimats". I jo veia una dona que havia estat colpejada, veia un nas trencat i un canell trencat i els ulls inflats. Com a activistes, trèiem les nostres Polaroids, li fèiem una foto, esperàvem 90 segons, i li donàvem la seva foto. I llavors ella tenia la prova que necessitava per a anar als jutjats. Estàvem fent que allò invisible es tornés visible.
I want you to imagine what a breakthrough this was for women who were victims of violence in the 1980s. They would come into the emergency room with what the police would call "a lovers' quarrel," and I would see a woman who was beaten, I would see a broken nose and a fractured wrist and swollen eyes. And as activists, we would take our Polaroid camera, we would take her picture, we would wait 90 seconds, and we would give her the photograph. And she would then have the evidence she needed to go to court. We were making what was invisible visible.
He estat fent això durant trenta anys. He format part d'un moviment social que ha estat treballant per a aturar la violència contra les dones i els nens. I durant tots aquells anys, he tingut la creença absolutament apassionada, i de vegades no popular, que aquesta violència no és inevitable, sinó apresa, i si és apresa, pot ser desapresa i pot ser previnguda. (Aplaudiments)
I've been doing this for 30 years. I've been part of a social movement that has been working on ending violence against women and children. And for all those years, I've had an absolutely passionate and sometimes not popular belief that this violence is not inevitable, that it is learned, and if it's learned, it can be un-learned, and it can be prevented. (Applause)
Per què crec això? Perquè és cert. És absolutament cert. Entre el 1993 i el 2010, la violència domèstica entre les dones adultes als Estats Units ha baixat en un 64%, i això és una molt bona notícia. (Aplaudiments)
Why do I believe this? Because it's true. It is absolutely true. Between 1993 and 2010, domestic violence among adult women in the United States has gone down by 64 percent, and that is great news. (Applause)
64%, però, com hem arribat a això? Teníem els ulls ben oberts. Fa trenta anys, les dones eren colpejades, eren assetjades, eren violades, i ningú no en parlava. No hi havia justícia. Com a activista, això no era prou. Així que el primer pas en aquest camí era organitzar-nos, i vam crear aquesta extraordinària xarxa clandestina de dones increïbles que van obrir refugis, i si no obrien refugis, obrien les seves cases per tal que les dones i els nens poguessin estar segurs. I sabeu què més vam fer? Veníem el pa que fèiem, rentàvem cotxes, i fèiem tot allò que podíem per a recaptar fons, i llavors va arribar un punt que vam dir és el moment d'anar al govern federal i demanar que paguin tots aquests serveis extraordinaris que estan salvant les vides de les persones. Correcte? (Aplaudiments)
Sixty-four percent. Now, how did we get there? Our eyes were wide open. Thirty years ago, women were beaten, they were stalked, they were raped, and no one talked about it. There was no justice. And as an activist, that was not good enough. And so step one on this journey is we organized, and we created this extraordinary underground network of amazing women who opened shelters, and if they didn't open a shelter, they opened their home so that women and children could be safe. And you know what else we did? We had bake sales, we had car washes, and we did everything we could do to fundraise, and then at one point we said, you know, it's time that we went to the federal government and asked them to pay for these extraordinary services that are saving people's lives. Right? (Applause)
I llavors, el segon pas, sabíem que era necessari canviar les lleis. Així que vam anar a Washington, i vam pressionar per la primera part de la legislació. I m'enrecordo d'anar caminant pels salons del Capitoli dels Estats Units, i jo tenia uns trenta anys i un propòsit a la meva vida, i no podia imaginar que algú pogués arribar a desafiar aquesta part important de la legislació. Probablement tenia 30 anys i era ingènua. Però vaig sentir a parlar d'un congressista que tenia un punt de vista molt, molt diferent. Sabeu com l'hi deia a aquesta part important de la legislació? L'hi deia "Llei d'Eliminar la Diversió del Matrimoni". La "Llei d'eliminar la diversió del matrimoni". Senyores i senyors, era l'any 1984 als Estats Units, i tant de bo hagués tingut Twitter. (Riures)
And so, step number two, we knew we needed to change the laws. And so we went to Washington, and we lobbied for the first piece of legislation. And I remember walking through the halls of the U.S. Capitol, and I was in my 30s, and my life had purpose, and I couldn't imagine that anybody would ever challenge this important piece of legislation. I was probably 30 and naive. But I heard about a congressman who had a very, very different point of view. Do you know what he called this important piece of legislation? He called it the Take the Fun Out of Marriage Act. The Take the Fun Out of Marriage Act. Ladies and gentlemen, that was in 1984 in the United States, and I wish I had Twitter. (Laughter)
Deu anys i molta feina després, vam aconseguir la "Llei de Violència Contra les Dones" que és una llei que canvia vides i que també n'ha salvat moltes. (Aplaudiments) Gràcies. Estava orgullosa de ser part d'aquesta feina, i es van canviar les lleis i es van fer arribar milions de dòlars a les comunitats locals.
Ten years later, after lots of hard work, we finally passed the Violence Against Women Act, which is a life-changing act that has saved so many lives. (Applause) Thank you. I was proud to be part of that work, and it changed the laws and it put millions of dollars into local communities.
I sabeu què més es va fer? Es van recollir dades. I us he de dir que m'apassionen les dades. De fet, sóc una fanàtica de les dades. Estic segura que hi ha un munt de fanàtics de les dades aquí. Jo sóc una fanàtica de les dades, i la raó d'això és que em vull assegurar que si ens gastem un dòlar, el programa funcioni, i si no funciona, que canviem de pla.
And you know what else it did? It collected data. And I have to tell you, I'm passionate about data. In fact, I am a data nerd. I'm sure there are a lot of data nerds here. I am a data nerd, and the reason for that is I want to make sure that if we spend a dollar, that the program works, and if it doesn't work, we should change the plan.
També vull dir una altra cosa: No aconseguirem resoldre aquest problema construint més presons ni tan sols construint més refugis. Es tracta de l'apoderament econòmic de les dones, de curar els petits que estiguin ferits, i de Prevenció amb "P" majúscula.
And I also want to say one other thing: We are not going to solve this problem by building more jails or by even building more shelters. It is about economic empowerment for women, it is about healing kids who are hurt, and it is about prevention with a capital P.
Així que el tercer pas d'aquest camí és que sabem que si volem continuar progressant haurem d'apujar el volum, haurem d'augmentar la visibilitat, i haurem d'involucrar a la gent. Sabent això, vam anar al Consell de Publicitat, i els vam demanar que ens ajudessin a construir una campanya educativa. I vam mirar arreu del món, a Canadà, Austràlia, Brasil i parts de l'Àfrica, i vam agafar el seu coneixement i vam construir la primera campanya nacional d'educació pública anomenada "No hi ha Excusa per a la Violència Domèstica". Mireu un dels nostres anuncis.
And so, step number three on this journey: We know, if we're going to keep making this progress, we're going to have to turn up the volume, we're going to have to increase the visibility, and we're going to have to engage the public. And so knowing that, we went to the Advertising Council, and we asked them to help us build a public education campaign. And we looked around the world to Canada and Australia and Brazil and parts of Africa, and we took this knowledge and we built the first national public education campaign called There's No Excuse for Domestic Violence. Take a look at one of our spots.
(Video) Home: On és el sopar?
(Video) Man: Where's dinner?
Dona: Bé, creia que arribaries a casa fa unes hores, i ja ho he recollit tot, així que...
Woman: Well, I thought you'd be home a couple hours ago, and I put everything away, so— Man: What is this? Pizza. Woman: If you had just called me, I would have known—
Home: Què és això? Pizza. Dona: Si m'haguessis trucat, hauria sabut...
Man: Dinner? Dinner ready is a pizza? Woman: Honey, please don't be so loud.
Home: El sopar? Sopar preparat vol dir Pizza? Dona: Estimat, siusplau, no cridis tant, siusplau, no... deixa'm anar!
Please don't—Let go of me!
Home: Entra a la cuina! Dona: No! Auxili!
Man: Get in the kitchen! Woman: No! Help!
Home: Vols veure el que fa mal? (Bufeteja la dona)
Man: You want to see what hurts? (Slaps woman)
Això és el que fa mal! Això és el que fa mal! (Vidres trencats)
That's what hurts! That's what hurts! (Breaking glass)
Dona: Auxili!
Woman: Help me!
["Els nens han de quedarse asseguts i mirar. Quina és la teva excusa?"]
["Children have to sit by and watch. What's your excuse?"]
Esta Soler: Quan estàvem en el procés de llançar aquesta campanya, l'O.J.Simpson va ser detingut per l'assassinat de la seva dona i del seu amic. Vam saber que tenia un llarg historial de violència domèstica. Els mitjans de comunicació es van obsessionar. La història de la violència domèstica va passar de les pàgines del darrera, o de no estar de fet en cap pàgina, a la portada. Els nostres anuncis ocupaven les ones, i les dones, per primer cop, vam començar a explicar les seves històries. Els moviments són cosa de moments, i nosaltres vam apoderar-nos d'aquell moment. I deixeu-me que ho contextualitzi. Abans del 1980, sabeu quants articles havien aparegut al New York Times sobre violència domèstica? Us ho dic: 158. I cap a l'any 2000, més de 7.000. Definitivament, estàvem marcant la diferència.
Esta Soler: As we were in the process of releasing this campaign, O.J. Simpson was arrested for the murder of his wife and her friend. We learned that he had a long history of domestic violence. The media became fixated. The story of domestic violence went from the back page, but actually from the no-page, to the front page. Our ads blanketed the airwaves, and women, for the first time, started to tell their stories. Movements are about moments, and we seized this moment. And let me just put this in context. Before 1980, do you have any idea how many articles were in The New York Times on domestic violence? I'll tell you: 158. And in the 2000s, over 7,000. We were obviously making a difference.
Però encara ens faltava un element crític. Així que el quart pas necessàriament era involucrar els homes. No podíem resoldre aquest problema deixant el 50% de la població al marge. I ja us he dit que sóc una fanàtica de les dades. Els sondejos nacionals ens indicaven que els homes se sentien acusats i no invitats en aquesta conversa. Així que ens vam preguntar: Com podem incloure els homes? Com podem aconseguir que els homes parlin sobre la violència contra les dones i les noies? I un amic meu em va apartar i em va dir "Vols que els homes parlin sobre la violència contra les dones i les noies. Els homes no parlen". (Riures) Em disculpo amb els homes del públic. Sé que sí parleu. Però ell va dir: "Saps que és el que sí que fan? Parlen amb els seus fills. Parlen amb els seus fills com a pares, com a entrenadors". I això és el que vam fer. Vam anar a trobar homes allà on eren i vam construir un programa. I llavors va ocórrer un esdeveniment que sempre estarà al meu cor. Un entrenador de bàsquet estava parlant en una sala plena d'atletes masculins i homes de tots els estils de vida I estava parlant sobre la importància d'entrenar els nois per a ser homes i de canviar la cultura del vestidor i de donar als homes eines per a que tinguin relacions saludables. I de cop, va mirar cap al final de la sala, i va veure la seva filla, i va cridar el nom de la seva filla: Michaela, i va dir: "Michaela, vine aquí". I tenia nou anys i era una mica tímida i va anar fins allà i ell va dir: "Seu al meu costat". I ella va seure just al seu costat. I ell la va abraçar fortament i va dir: "La gent em pregunta per què faig aquesta feina. Faig aquesta feina perquè sóc el seu pare, i no vull que ningú arribi mai a fer-li mal". I com a mare, ho entenc. Ho entenc, sabent que hi ha tants assetjaments sexuals als campus universitaris que estan tan generalitzats i que són tan poc denunciats. Hem fet molt per les dones adultes. Hem de fer encara més pels nostres nens. Simplement, cal que ho fem. (Aplaudiments)
But we were still missing a critical element. So, step four: We needed to engage men. We couldn't solve this problem with 50 percent of the population on the sidelines. And I already told you I'm a data nerd. National polling told us that men felt indicted and not invited into this conversation. So we wondered, how can we include men? How can we get men to talk about violence against women and girls? And a male friend of mine pulled me aside and he said, "You want men to talk about violence against women and girls. Men don't talk." (Laughter) I apologize to the men in the audience. I know you do. But he said, "Do you know what they do do? They do talk to their kids. They talk to their kids as parents, as coaches." And that's what we did. We met men where they were at and we built a program. And then we had this one event that stays in my heart forever where a basketball coach was talking to a room filled with male athletes and men from all walks of life. And he was talking about the importance of coaching boys into men and changing the culture of the locker room and giving men the tools to have healthy relationships. And all of a sudden, he looked at the back of the room, and he saw his daughter, and he called out his daughter's name, Michaela, and he said, "Michaela, come up here." And she's nine years old, and she was kind of shy, and she got up there, and he said, "Sit down next to me." She sat right down next to him. He gave her this big hug, and he said, "People ask me why I do this work. I do this work because I'm her dad, and I don't want anyone ever to hurt her." And as a parent, I get it. I get it, knowing that there are so many sexual assaults on college campuses that are so widespread and so under-reported. We've done a lot for adult women. We've got to do a better job for our kids. We just do. We have to. (Applause)
Hem fet un llarg camí des dels dies de les Polaroids. La tecnologia ha estat la nostra amiga. Els telèfons mòbils canvien globalment les regles del joc pel que fa a l'apoderament de les dones, i Facebook i Twitter i Google i YouTube i tots els mitjans socials ens ajuden a organitzar-nos i a dir la nostra d'una forma poderosa. Així que a aquells de vosaltres que heu ajudat a construir aquestes aplicacions i aquestes plataformes, com a organitzadora us dic: moltes gràcies. De debó. Us aplaudeixo. (Aplaudiments)
We've come a long way since the days of the Polaroid. Technology has been our friend. The mobile phone is a global game changer for the empowerment of women, and Facebook and Twitter and Google and YouTube and all the social media helps us organize and tell our story in a powerful way. And so those of you in this audience who have helped build those applications and those platforms, as an organizer, I say, thank you very much. Really. I clap for you. (Applause)
Sóc la filla d'un home que va unir-se a un club en la seva vida, el Club Optimista. Això no es pot representar. I el seu esperit i optimisme estan al meu ADN. He estat fent aquesta feina per més de trenta anys, i estic convençuda, ara més que mai, de la capacitat de canvi dels éssers humans. Crec que podem doblegar l'arc de la història humana cap a la compassió i la igualtat, i també crec fonamentalment i apassionadament que aquesta violència no ha de ser part de la condició humana. I us demano que estigueu amb nosaltres mentre creem un futur sense violència per a les dones i noies i homes i nois d'arreu.
I'm the daughter of a man who joined one club in his life, the Optimist Club. You can't make that one up. And it is his spirit and his optimism that is in my DNA. I have been doing this work for over 30 years, and I am convinced, now more than ever, in the capacity of human beings to change. I believe we can bend the arc of human history toward compassion and equality, and I also fundamentally believe and passionately believe that this violence does not have to be part of the human condition. And I ask you, stand with us as we create futures without violence for women and girls and men and boys everywhere.
Moltes gràcies.
Thank you very much.
(Aplaudiments)
(Applause)