Openness. It's a word that denotes opportunity and possibilities. Open-ended, open hearth, open source, open door policy, open bar. (Laughter)
Otvorenost. To je riječ koja označava priliku i mogućnosti. Otvorene granice, otvoreno srce, otvoren izvor, politika otvorenih vrata, otvoreni šank. (Smijeh)
And everywhere the world is opening up, and it's a good thing.
Svijet se posvuda otvara i to je dobra stvar.
Why is this happening? The technology revolution is opening the world.
Zašto se to događa? Tehnološka revolucija otvara svijet.
Yesterday's Internet was a platform for the presentation of content. The Internet of today is a platform for computation. The Internet is becoming a giant global computer, and every time you go on it, you upload a video, you do a Google search, you remix something, you're programming this big global computer that we all share. Humanity is building a machine, and this enables us to collaborate in new ways. Collaboration can occur on an astronomical basis.
Jučerašnji Internet bio je platforma za prezentaciju sadržaja. Današnji Internet platforma je za računanje. Internet postaje veliko globalno računalo i svaki puta kada se na njega priključite, postavite neki video, tražite nešto na Googleu, nešto remixirate, programirate to veliko globalno računalo koje svi dijelimo. Čovječanstvo gradi stroj i to nam omogućuje da surađujemo na nove načine. Suradnja se može ostvariti na astronomskoj bazi.
Now a new generation is opening up the world as well. I started studying kids about 15 years ago, -- so actually 20 years ago now -- and I noticed how my own children were effortlessly able to use all this sophisticated technology, and at first I thought, "My children are prodigies!" (Laughter) But then I noticed all their friends were like them, so that was a bad theory. So I've started working with a few hundred kids, and I came to the conclusion that this is the first generation to come of age in the digital age, to be bathed in bits. I call them the Net Generation. I said, these kids are different. They have no fear of technology, because it's not there. It's like the air. It's sort of like, I have no fear of a refrigerator. And — (Laughter)
Sada također i nova generacija otvara svijet. Počeo sam proučavati djecu prije otprilike 15 godina, zapravo prije 20 godina, i primijetio sam kako moja djeca mogu bez problema koristiti tu sofisticiranu tehnologiju i isprva sam pomislio: "Moja djeca su genijalci!" (Smijeh) Ali tada sam primijetio da su svi njihovi prijatelji poput njih, dakle, to je bila loša teorija. Počeo sam raditi s nekoliko stotina djece i došao do zaključka da je to prva generacija koja je odrasla u digitalnom dobu, okupana u bitovima. Ja ih zovem Net Generacijom. Rekao sam, ova djeca su drugačija. Ne boje se tehnologije jer ne znaju svijet bez nje. Ona je kao zrak. Slično tome kako se ja ne bojim hladnjaka. I — (smijeh)
And there's no more powerful force to change every institution than the first generation of digital natives. I'm a digital immigrant. I had to learn the language.
I ne postoji moćnija sila koja bi mogla promijeniti sve institucije od prve generacije digitalnih starosjedioca. Ja sam digitalni imigrant. Morao sam naučiti jezik.
The global economic crisis is opening up the world as well. Our opaque institutions from the Industrial Age, everything from old models of the corporation, government, media, Wall Street, are in various stages of being stalled or frozen or in atrophy or even failing, and this is now creating a burning platform in the world. I mean, think about Wall Street. The core modus operandi of Wall Street almost brought down global capitalism.
Globalna ekonomska kriza također otvara svijet. Naše mutne institucije iz industrijskog doba, sve od starih modela korporacija, vlada, medija i Wall Streeta u različitim su fazama zastoja, smrzavanja, atrofiranja ili čak propadanja i to stvara novi gorući problem u svijetu. Mislim, razmislite o Wall Streetu. Temeljni modus operandi Wall Streeta gotovo je srušio globalni kapitalizam.
Now, you know the idea of a burning platform, that you're somewhere where the costs of staying where you are become greater than the costs of moving to something different, perhaps something radically different. And we need to change and open up all of our institutions.
Poznata vam je ideja gorućeg problema, kada ste na točki gdje cijena ostajanja na mjestu postaje veća od cijene micanja na posve novo mjesto, možda radikalno drugačije. I mi moramo promijeniti i otvoriti sve naše institucije.
So this technology push, a demographic kick from a new generation and a demand pull from a new economic global environment is causing the world to open up.
Dakle, taj tehnološki poticaj, demografski udarac nove generacije i potražnja od strane novog globalnog ekonomskog stanja uzrokuje otvaranje svijeta.
Now, I think, in fact, we're at a turning point in human history, where we can finally now rebuild many of the institutions of the Industrial Age around a new set of principles.
Zapravo, mislim da se nalazimo u odlučujućem trenutku u ljudskoj povijesti, trenutku u kojem napokon možemo ponovno sagraditi mnoge institucije industrijskog doba oko novog seta principa.
Now, what is openness? Well, as it turns out, openness has a number of different meanings, and for each there's a corresponding principle for the transformation of civilization. The first is collaboration. Now, this is openness in the sense of the boundaries of organizations becoming more porous and fluid and open.
Što je otvorenost? Pa, ispada da otvorenost ima više značenja i za svako od njih postoji odgovarajući princip za transformaciju civilizacije. Prvi je suradnja. To je otvorenost u smislu granica organizacija koje postaju porozne, tečne i otvorene.
The guy in the picture here, I'll tell you his story. His name is Rob McEwen. I'd like to say, "I have this think tank, we scour the world for amazing case studies." The reason I know this story is because he's my neighbor. (Laughter) He actually moved across the street from us, and he held a cocktail party to meet the neighbors, and he says, "You're Don Tapscott. I've read some of your books." I said, "Great. What do you do?" And he says, "Well I used to be a banker and now I'm a gold miner." And he tells me this amazing story. He takes over this gold mine, and his geologists can't tell him where the gold is. He gives them more money for geological data, they come back, they can't tell him where to go into production. After a few years, he's so frustrated he's ready to give up, but he has an epiphany one day. He wonders, "If my geologists don't know where the gold is, maybe somebody else does." So he does a "radical" thing. He takes his geological data, he publishes it and he holds a contest on the Internet called the Goldcorp Challenge. It's basically half a million dollars in prize money for anybody who can tell me, do I have any gold, and if so, where is it? (Laughter)
Ispričat ću vam priču čovjeka na slici. Zove se Rob McEwen. Volio bih reći: "Imam trust mozgova, pretražujemo svijet u potrazi za fascinantnim slučajevima za analizu." Ovu priču znam zato što mi je on susjed. (Smijeh) Doselio se u našu ulicu i organizirao koktel zabavu kako bi upoznao susjede. I kaže: "Ti si Don Tapscott, pročitao sam neke od tvojih knjiga." Ja sam rekao: "Super. Čime se baviš?" I on kaže: "Pa bio sam bankar, a sada sam rudar." Zatim mi ispriča tu fantastičnu priču. Preuzeo je rudnik zlata, a njegovi geolozi mu nisu mogli reći gdje je zlato. Dao im je više novca za geološke podatke, i vrativši se s tim podacima oni mu nisu mogli reći gdje da započne proizvodnju. Nakon nekoliko godina, postao je toliko frustriran da je bio spreman odustati, ali tada je jednog dana imao prosvjetljenje. Zamislio se: "Ako moji geolozi ne znaju gdje je zlato, možda netko drugi zna." Pa je učinio "radikalan" potez. Uzeo je svoje geološke podatke, objavio ih i održao natječaj "Goldcorp izazov" na Internetu. Zapravo je to bila nagrada od pola milijuna za ikoga tko bi mogao reći ima li tamo zlata, i ako ima, gdje. (Smijeh)
He gets submissions from all around the world. They use techniques that he's never heard of, and for his half a million dollars in prize money, Rob McEwen finds 3.4 billion dollars worth of gold. The market value of his company goes from 90 million to 10 billion dollars, and I can tell you, because he's my neighbor, he's a happy camper. (Laughter)
Dobio je prijave iz cijelog svijeta. Korištene su tehnike za koje on nikad nije čuo, ali je za svojih pola milijuna nagrade Rob McEwen našao 3.4. milijardi dolara vrijedno zlato. Tržišna je vrijednost njegove kompanije između 90 milijuna i 10 milijardi dolara i mogu vam reći, zato što mi je susjed, da mu je lijepo u životu. (Smijeh)
You know, conventional wisdom says talent is inside, right? Your most precious asset goes out the elevator every night. He viewed talent differently. He wondered, who are their peers? He should have fired his geology department, but he didn't. You know, some of the best submissions didn't come from geologists. They came from computer scientists, engineers. The winner was a computer graphics company that built a three dimensional model of the mine where you can helicopter underground and see where the gold is.
Znate da nam konvencionalna mudrost govori da je talent unutar nas, zar ne? Vaša najdragocjenija imovina svaku večer izlazi iz dizala. On je na talent gledao drugačije. Zapitao se, tko su njihovi kolege? Trebao je otpustiti svoj geološki odjel, ali nije. Znate, neki od najboljih prijedloga nisu došli od geologa. Došli su od računalnih stručnjaka, inžinjera. Pobjednik je bila tvrtka za kompjutersku animaciju koja je napravila trodimenzionalni model rudnika gdje se helikopterom možete spustiti dolje i vidjeti gdje je zlato.
He helped us understand that social media's becoming social production. It's not about hooking up online. This is a new means of production in the making. And this Ideagora that he created, an open market, agora, for uniquely qualified minds, was part of a change, a profound change in the deep structure and architecture of our organizations, and how we sort of orchestrate capability to innovate, to create goods and services, to engage with the rest of the world, in terms of government, how we create public value. Openness is about collaboration.
Pomogao nam je uvidjeti da društveni mediji postaju društveni proizvod. To nije samo spajanje preko mreže. Tu su u nastajanju novi načini proizvodnje. I ta Ideagora ideja koju je on stvorio, otvoreno tržište za specijalno kvalificirane umove, bila je dio promjene, dalekovidne promjene u unutarnjim strukturama i arhitekturi naših organizacija i toga kako mi na neki način orkestriramo sposobnosti za inovaciju, stvaranje dobara i usluga, da bi se angažirali s ostatkom svijeta, u smislu vlade, kako stvaramo društvene vrijednosti. Otvorenost je povezana sa suradnjom.
Now secondly, openness is about transparency. This is different. Here, we're talking about the communication of pertinent information to stakeholders of organizations: employees, customers, business partners, shareholders, and so on.
Također, otvorenost je povezana sa transparentnošću. To je drugačije. Ovdje govorimo o komuniciranju relevantnih informacija između ljudi u organizacijama: zaposlenika, klijenata, poslovnih partnera, dioničara, itd.
And everywhere, our institutions are becoming naked. People are all bent out of shape about WikiLeaks, but that's just the tip of the iceberg. You see, people at their fingertips now, everybody, not just Julian Assange, have these powerful tools for finding out what's going on, scrutinizing, informing others, and even organizing collective responses. Institutions are becoming naked,
I posvuda naše organizacije bivaju ogoljene. Svi su se uzbunili zbog WikiLeaksa, ali to je samo vrh ledenjaka. Vidite, ljudi sada nadohvat ruke, svi, ne samo Julian Assange, imaju te moćne alate za otkrivanje toga što se događa, razmatranje, informiranje drugih, čak i organiziranje kolektivnih odgovora. Institucije postaju gole,
and if you're going to be naked, well, there's some corollaries that flow from that. I mean, one is, fitness is no longer optional. (Laughter) You know? Or if you're going to be naked, you'd better get buff.
i ako ćete biti goli, iz toga proizlaze neke posljedice. Mislim, jedna je ta da fitness više nije izboran. (Smijeh) Razumijete? Ako ćete biti goli, bolje da se dovedete u formu.
Now, by buff I mean, you need to have good value, because value is evidenced like never before. You say you have good products. They'd better be good. But you also need to have values. You need to have integrity as part of your bones and your DNA as an organization, because if you don't, you'll be unable to build trust, and trust is a sine qua non of this new network world.
Kada kažem da se dovedete u formu, mislim na to da morate imati dobre vrijednosti, jer vrijednost je očita kao nikad prije. Kažete da imate dobre proizvode. I bolje da budu dobri. Ali morate imati i vrijednosti. Morate imati integritet kao dio svojih kosti i svoj DNK kao organizacija, jer ako ga nemate nećete moći stvarati povjerenje, a povjerenje je uvjet bez kojeg se ne može u ovom novom umreženom svijetu.
So this is good. It's not bad. Sunlight is the best disinfectant. And we need a lot of sunlight in this troubled world.
Dakle, to je dobro. Nije loše. Sunčeva svjetlost je najbolje dezinfekcijsko sredstvo. A mi trebamo jako puno sunčeve svjetlosti u ovom problematičnom svijetu.
Now, the third meaning and corresponding principle of openness is about sharing. Now this is different than transparency. Transparency is about the communication of information. Sharing is about giving up assets, intellectual property.
Treće značenje i njemu pridružen princip otvorenosti povezan je s dijeljenjem. To se razlikuje od transparentnosti. Transparentnost je povezana s protokom informacija. Dijeljenje je povezano s predajom dobara, intelektualnog vlasništva.
And there are all kinds of famous stories about this. IBM gave away 400 million dollars of software to the Linux movement, and that gave them a multi-billion dollar payoff.
O tome postoje mnoge poznate priče. IBM je darovao 400 milijuna dolara softwarea Linux pokretu i to im se vratilo u milijardama.
Now, conventional wisdom says, "Well, hey, our intellectual property belongs to us, and if someone tries to infringe it, we're going to get out our lawyers and we're going to sue them." Well, it didn't work so well for the record labels, did it? I mean, they took — They had a technology disruption, and rather than taking a business model innovation to correspond to that, they took and sought a legal solution and the industry that brought you Elvis and the Beatles is now suing children and is in danger of collapse.
Konvencionalna mudrost govori: "Pa gle, naše intelektualno vlasništvo pripada nama i ako ga netko pokuša prisvojiti mi ćemo nazvati svoje odvjetnike i tužit ćemo ih." Pa, to nije pomoglo diskografskim kućama, zar ne? Oni su uzeli — imali su zlouporabu tehnologije i umjesto preuzimanja inovativnog poslovnog modela koji će tome odgovarati, oni su uzeli i legalno rješenje pa industrija koja je donijela Elvisa i Beatlese sada tuži djecu i na rubu je kolapsa.
So we need to think differently about intellectual property.
Dakle, moramo drugačije razmišljati o intelektualnom vlasništvu.
I'll give you an example. The pharmaceutical industry is in deep trouble. First of all, there aren't a lot of big inventions in the pipeline, and this is a big problem for human health, and the pharmaceutical industry has got a bigger problem, that they're about to fall off something called the patent cliff. Do you know about this? They're going to lose 20 to 35 percent of their revenue in the next 12 months. And what are you going to do, like, cut back on paper clips or something? No.
Dat ću vam primjer. Farmaceutska industrija u velikim je problemima. Prije svega, nema puno velikih inovacija u pričuvi i to je velik problem za ljudsko zdravlje, a farmaceutska industrija ima i veći problem. Ona će uskoro pasti s nečega što se zove "litica izuma". Jeste li čuli za to? Izgubit će 20 do 35% svojih prihoda u sljedećih 12 mjeseci. I što ćete napraviti, smanjiti potrošnju spajalica ili tako nešto? Ne.
We need to reinvent the whole model of scientific research. The pharmaceutical industry needs to place assets in a commons. They need to start sharing precompetitive research. They need to start sharing clinical trial data, and in doing so, create a rising tide that could lift all boats, not just for the industry but for humanity.
Trebamo novi model znanstvenog istraživanja. Farmaceutske tvrtke moraju staviti svoja dobra u javno dobro. Moraju početi dijeliti preliminarna istraživanja. Moraju početi dijeliti podatke iz kliničkih studija i tako stvoriti plimu koja će podići sve brodove, ne samo za industriju, već za čovječanstvo.
Now, the fourth meaning of openness, and corresponding principle, is about empowerment. And I'm not talking about the motherhood sense here. Knowledge and intelligence is power, and as it becomes more distributed, there's a concomitant distribution and decentralization and disaggregation of power that's underway in the world today. The open world is bringing freedom.
Četvrto značenje otvorenosti i odgovarajući princip govori o osnaživanju. Ovdje nije riječ o majčinskom smislu osnaživanja. Znanje i inteligencija su moć i kako bivaju sve više dijeljene dolazi do prateće distribucije i decentralizacije i rasipanja moći koje se događaju u svijetu danas. Otvoren svijet donosi slobodu.
Now, take the Arab Spring. The debate about the role of social media and social change has been settled. You know, one word: Tunisia. And then it ended up having a whole bunch of other words too. But in the Tunisian revolution, the new media didn't cause the revolution; it was caused by injustice. Social media didn't create the revolution; it was created by a new generation of young people who wanted jobs and hope and who didn't want to be treated as subjects anymore.
Uzmite Arapsko proljeće. Debata o ulozi društvenih medija i društvenim promjenama je završila. Znate, jedna riječ: Tunis. I na kraju je tu bilo i mnoštvo drugih riječi. Revoluciju u Tunisu nisu izazvali novi mediji; izazvala ju je nepravda. Društveni mediji nisu stvorili revoluciju; stvorila ju je nova generacija mladih ljudi koji su htjeli posao i nadu i nisu više htjeli biti tretirani kao podanici.
But just as the Internet drops transaction and collaboration costs in business and government, it also drops the cost of dissent, of rebellion, and even insurrection in ways that people didn't understand.
Ali baš kao što Internet smanjuje cijenu transakcija i suradnji u gospodarstvu i politici, tako smanjuje i cijenu neslaganja, pobune pa čak i organiziranog ustanka na način koji ljudi nisu razumjeli.
You know, during the Tunisian revolution, snipers associated with the regime were killing unarmed students in the street. So the students would take their mobile devices, take a picture, triangulate the location, send that picture to friendly military units, who'd come in and take out the snipers. You think that social media is about hooking up online? For these kids, it was a military tool to defend unarmed people from murderers. It was a tool of self-defense.
Znate, tijekom revolucije u Tunisu, snajperi povezani s režimom na ulici su ubijali nenaoružane studente. Studenti su tada uzeli svoje mobitele, fotografirali i triangulirali lokaciju te poslali tu sliku prijateljskim vojnim jedinicama koje bi došle i uklonile snajperiste. Mislite da su društveni mediji samo za spajanje na Internet? Za tu djecu, to je bilo vojno sredstvo za obranu nenaoružanih ljudi. Za njih je to bilo sredstvo samoobrane.
You know, as we speak today, young people are being killed in Syria, and up until three months ago, if you were injured on the street, an ambulance would pick you up, take you to the hospital, you'd go in, say, with a broken leg, and you'd come out with a bullet in your head.
Dok danas pričamo, mlade ljude ubijaju u Siriji i do prije tri mjeseca, ako biste bili ozlijeđeni na ulici, hitna pomoć bi vas pokupila i odvezla u bolnicu. Došli biste, recimo, sa slomljenom nogom, i izašli biste s metkom u glavi.
So these 20-somethings created an alternative health care system, where what they did is they used Twitter and basic publicly available tools that when someone's injured, a car would show up, it would pick them up, take them to a makeshift medical clinic, where you'd get medical treatment, as opposed to being executed. So this is a time of great change.
Ti su dvadesetogodišnjaci stvorili alternativni medicinski sustav. Oni su koristili Twitter i osnovna javno dostupna sredstva kako bi kada netko bude ozlijeđen, auto došao po njih i odvezao ih u improviziranu kliniku gdje bi bili izliječeni, a ne smaknuti. Dakle, ovo je vrijeme velikih promjena.
Now, it's not without its problems. Up until two years ago, all revolutions in human history had a leadership, and when the old regime fell, the leadership and the organization would take power. Well, these wiki revolutions happen so fast they create a vacuum, and politics abhors a vacuum, and unsavory forces can fill that, typically the old regime, or extremists, or fundamentalist forces. You can see this playing out today in Egypt.
Nije to bez svojih problema. Do prije dvije godine, sve su revolucije u ljudskoj povijesti imale vodstvo, i kada bi stari režim pao, vodstvo revolucije bi preuzelo. Ove wiki revolucije događaju se tako brzo i stvaraju vakuum, a politika se užasava vakuuma, koji mogu popuniti nemoralne sile, obično stari režim, ili ekstremisti, ili fundamentalisti. Možete vidjeti kako se to sada odigrava u Egiptu.
But that doesn't matter, because this is moving forward. The train has left the station. The cat is out of the bag. The horse is out of the barn. Help me out here, okay? (Laughter) The toothpaste is out of the tube. I mean, we're not putting this one back. The open world is bringing empowerment and freedom.
Ali to nije važno, jer se pomičemo naprijed. Vlak je napustio kolodvor. Istina je na vidjelu. Konj je izvan staje. Pomozite mi, može? (Smijeh) Pasta je izvan tube. Mislim, ne vraćamo se natrag. Otvoreni svijet donosi osnaženje i slobodu.
I think, at the end of these four days, that you'll come to conclude that the arc of history is a positive one, and it's towards openness.
Mislim da ćete na kraju ova četiri dana zaključiti da je tijek povijesti pozitivan i da vodi otvorenosti.
If you go back a few hundred years, all around the world it was a very closed society. It was agrarian, and the means of production and political system was called feudalism, and knowledge was concentrated in the church and the nobility. People didn't know about things. There was no concept of progress. You were born, you lived your life and you died.
Ako se vratite unatrag nekoliko stotina godina, diljem svijeta društvo je bilo veoma zatvoreno. Bilo je agrarno, a to znači da je način produkcije i politički sistem bio feudalizam, a znanje je bilo koncentrirano u crkvi i plemstvu. Ljudi nisu znali o stvarima. Nije postojao koncept napretka. Rodili ste se, živjeli ste svoj život i onda umrli.
But then Johannes Gutenberg came along with his great invention, and, over time, the society opened up. People started to learn about things, and when they did, the institutions of feudal society appeared to be stalled, or frozen, or failing. It didn't make sense for the church to be responsible for medicine when people had knowledge.
Ali tada je Johannes Gutenberg došao sa svojim izvrsnim izumom i, s vremenom, društvo se otvorilo. Ljudi su počeli učiti stvari, i kako su to radili, institucije feudalnog društva počele su stagnirati i propadati. Nije imalo smisla da crkva bude odgovorna za medicinu kada su ljudi imali znanje.
So we saw the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther called the printing press "God's highest act of grace." The creation of a corporation, science, the university, eventually the Industrial Revolution, and it was all good.
Pa smo vidjeli protestantsku reformaciju. Martin Luther nazvao je stroj za printanje "Božjim najvećim činom milosti". Stvaranje korporacije, znanosti, sveučilišta, na kraju i industrijska revolucija i to je sve bilo dobro.
But it came with a cost.
Ali došlo je uz svoju cijenu.
And now, once again, the technology genie is out of the bottle, but this time it's different. The printing press gave us access to the written word. The Internet enables each of us to be a producer. The printing press gave us access to recorded knowledge. The Internet gives us access, not just to information and knowledge, but to the intelligence contained in the crania of other people on a global basis.
I sada, duh tehnologije opet je izašao iz boce, ali ovaj put je drugačije. Tiskarski stroj dao nam je pristup pisanoj riječi. Internet svakom od nas omogućuje proizvodnju. Tiskarski stroj dao nam je pristup zabilježenom znanju. Internet nam je dao pristup ne samo informacijama i znanju, već inteligenciji drugih ljudi na globalnoj razini.
To me, this is not an information age, it's an age of networked intelligence. It's an age of vast promise, an age of collaboration, where the boundaries of our organizations are changing, of transparency, where sunlight is disinfecting civilization, an age of sharing and understanding the new power of the commons, and it's an age of empowerment and of freedom.
Za mene ovo nije doba informacija, već vrijeme umrežene inteligencije. To je doba velikog obećanja, doba suradnje, kada se mijenjaju granice naših organizacija, doba transparentnosti, kada sunčeva svijetlost dezinficira civilizaciju, doba dijeljenja i razumijevanja nove moći zajedničkog. To je doba osnaženja i slobode.
Now, what I'd like to do is, to close, to share with you some research that I've been doing. I've tried to study all kinds of organizations to understand what the future might look like, but I've been studying nature recently.
Sada bih, za kraj, volio s vama podijeliti neka istraživanja kojima se bavim. Pokušavao sam promatrati razne vrste organizacija kako bih razumio kako bi budućnost mogla izgledati, ali nedavno sam proučavao i prirodu.
You know, bees come in swarms and fish come in schools. Starlings, in the area around Edinburgh, in the moors of England, come in something called a murmuration, and the murmuration refers to the murmuring of the wings of the birds, and throughout the day the starlings are out over a 20-mile radius sort of doing their starling thing. And at night they come together and they create one of the most spectacular things in all of nature, and it's called a murmuration. And scientists that have studied this have said they've never seen an accident. Now, this thing has a function. It protects the birds. You can see on the right here, there's a predator being chased away by the collective power of the birds, and apparently this is a frightening thing if you're a predator of starlings. And there's leadership, but there's no one leader.
Znate, pčele se javljaju u rojevima, a ribe u jatima. Čvorci, u području oko Edinburgha, u engleskim močvarama, javljaju se u nečemu zvanom "žamorenje", naziv se odnosi na žamor krila ptica. Tijekom dana čvorci se rašire u radijusu od otprilike 32 kilometra dok rade što već rade. Navečer se sastanu i stvaraju jednu od najspektakularnijih stvari u cijeloj prirodi, i to se zove „žamorenje“. Znanstvenici koji su to proučavali kažu da nikad nisu vidjeli nezgodu. Ta stvar ima funkciju. Štiti ptice. Možete vidjeti s desna da je predator potjeran kolektivnom moći ptica, i izgleda da je to zastrašujuća stvar ako napadate čvorke. I postoji vodstvo, ali ne postoji jedan vođa.
Now, is this some kind of fanciful analogy, or could we actually learn something from this? Well, the murmuration functions to record a number of principles, and they're basically the principles that I have described to you today. This is a huge collaboration. It's an openness, it's a sharing of all kinds of information, not just about location and trajectory and danger and so on, but about food sources. And there's a real sense of interdependence, that the individual birds somehow understand that their interests are in the interest of the collective.
Je li ovo jedna čudnovata analogija ili bismo zapravo iz toga mogli nešto naučiti? "Žamorenje" funkcionira na mnogo principa, a to su zapravo principi koje sam danas opisao. To je velika suradnja. To je otvorenost, dijeljenje raznih vrsta informacija, ne samo o lokaciji, putanji i opasnosti i slično, već o izvorima hrane. I postoji pravi osjećaj međusobne ovisnosti; individualne ptice nekako razumiju da su njihovi interesi u interesu kolektiva.
Perhaps like we should understand that business can't succeed in a world that's failing.
Možda bismo tako i mi trebali razumijeti da posao ne može uspijeti u svijetu koji gubi snagu.
Well, I look at this thing, and I get a lot of hope. Think about the kids today in the Arab Spring, and you see something like this that's underway.
Promatram to i dobivam puno nade. Pomislite na današnju djecu u Arapskom proljeću i vidjet ćete da se tako nešto sprema.
And imagine, just consider this idea, if you would: What if we could connect ourselves in this world through a vast network of air and glass? Could we go beyond just sharing information and knowledge? Could we start to share our intelligence? Could we create some kind of collective intelligence that goes beyond an individual or a group or a team to create, perhaps, some kind of consciousness on a global basis? Well, if we could do this, we could attack some big problems in the world.
I zamislite, samo uzmite u obzir ovu ideju, ako želite: Što ako bismo se u ovom svijetu mogli povezati kroz razgranatu mrežu zraka i stakla? Bismo li mogli ići dalje od dijeljenja informacija i znanja? Bismo li mogli početi dijeliti našu inteligenciju? Bismo li mogli stvoriti nekakvu vrstu kolektivne inteligencije koja ide iznad individualca, grupe ili tima da bi se stvorila možda nekakva vrsta svijesti na globalnoj bazi? Kada bismo to mogli, mogli bismo se boriti s nekim velikim svjetskim problemima.
And I look at this thing, and, I don't know, I get a lot of hope that maybe this smaller, networked, open world that our kids inherit might be a better one, and that this new age of networked intelligence could be an age of promise fulfilled and of peril unrequited.
Gledam to, i ne znam, dobijem nadu da će možda taj manji, umrežen i otvoren svijet koji će naša djeca naslijediti možda biti bolji i da bi ovo novo doba umrežene inteligencije moglo biti doba ispunjenog obećanja i neostvarene prijetnje.
Let's do this. Thank you.
Idemo to ostvariti. Hvala Vam.
(Applause)
(Pljesak)