We've had it all wrong. Everybody. We've had it all wrong. The very last thing we need to do is clean the ocean. Very last. Yeah, there is a garbage truck of plastic entering the ocean every minute of every hour of every day. And countless birds and animals are dying just from encountering plastic. We are experiencing the fastest rate of extinction ever, and plastic is in the food chain. And I'm still here, standing in front of you, telling you the very last thing we need to do is clean the ocean. Very last.
我們完全搞錯了。 各位。 我們完全搞錯了。 我們最不得已才要做的事 是清理海洋。 最不得已的。 是的,有載著塑膠的垃圾車 向海洋傾倒, 每一天的 每小時每分鐘都有。 數不清的鳥類和動物 僅僅因為遇到塑膠就死亡。 我們正在經歷史上最快速的絕種, 而塑膠是食物鏈的一環。 而我仍然在這裡 站在各位面前告訴你們, 我們最不得已才要做的事 是清理海洋。 最不得已的。
If you were to walk into a kitchen, sink overflowing, water spilling all over the floor, soaking into the walls, you had to think fast, you're going to panic; you've got a bucket, a mop or a plunger. What do you do first? Why don't we turn off the tap? It would be pointless to mop or plunge or scoop up the water if we don't turn off the tap first. Why aren't we doing the same for the ocean? Even if the Ocean Cleanup project, beach plastic recycling programs or any well-meaning ocean plastic company was a hundred percent successful, it would still be too little, too late.
如果你走進一間廚房, 水槽已經滿溢, 水灑得滿地都是, 讓牆壁濕透了, 你得要快速思考,你很驚慌; 你有一個桶子、一支拖把、 一支通水吸把。 你會先做什麼? 為什麼不先把水龍頭關了? 拖地、通水管, 或把水舀出來是沒意義的, 除非我們先把水龍頭關掉。 對於海洋,我們為何不這樣做? 即使是「海洋清理」計畫、 海灘塑膠回收方案, 或任何善心的海洋塑膠公司 能夠做到百分之百成功, 這貢獻還是太渺小、太遲了。
We're trending to produce over 300 million ton of plastic this year. Roughly eight million ton are racing to flow into the ocean to join the estimated 150 million ton already there. Reportedly, 80 percent of ocean plastic is coming from those countries that have extreme poverty. And if you live in the grips of poverty concerned, always, about food or shelter or a sense of security, recycling -- it's beyond your realm of imagination.
我們的趨勢是今年 會產生出三億噸的塑膠。 大約有八百萬噸塑膠 在全速流入海洋中, 去加入已經在海洋裡的塑膠, 估計有一億五千萬噸。 據報導,海洋塑膠有 80% 是來自極度貧窮的那些國家。 如果你的生活十分貧窮, 總是要擔心食物、 避風遮雨的地方 或安全感, 那麼回收 完全在你想像之外。
And that is exactly why I created the Plastic Bank. We are the world's largest chain of stores for the ultra-poor, where everything in the store is available to be purchased using plastic garbage. Everything. School tuition. Medical insurance. Wi-Fi, cell phone minutes, power. Sustainable cooking fuel, high-efficiency stoves. And we keep wanting to add everything else that the world may need and can't afford.
那正是為什麼 我創立了「塑膠銀行」。 我們是世界上為赤貧者 開設的最大連鎖店, 店中的所有商品, 都可以用塑膠垃圾購買。 所有商品。 學費、 醫療保險、 無線網路、手機通話時間、電力。 永續的作菜用燃料、高效能爐子。 我們不斷想要納入其他東西, 世界可能需要卻負擔不起的東西。
Our chain of stores in Haiti are more like community centers, where one of our collectors, Lise Nasis, has the opportunity to earn a living by collecting material from door to door, from the streets, from business to business. And at the end of her day, she gets to bring the material back to us, where we weigh it, we check it for quality, and we transfer the value into her account. Lise now has a steady, reliable source of income. And that value we transfer into an online account for her. And because it's a savings account, it becomes an asset that she can borrow against. And because it's online, she has security against robbery, and I think more importantly, she has a new sense of worth. And even the plastic has a new sense of value. Hm.
我們在海地的連鎖商店, 比較像是社區中心, 我們的收集者之一, 莉西納希絲, 有機會靠自己謀生, 她挨家挨戶收集材料, 到街上撿拾, 去各企業回收。 在每天結束時,她把 這些材料帶回來給我們, 我們會秤重,確認品質, 然後把相應的價值 轉帳到她的帳戶中。 莉西現在有穩定、 可靠的收入來源, 是我們轉到她線上帳戶裏頭的。 因為是儲蓄帳戶,它成了資產, 她可以用來借錢。 且因為是線上的帳戶, 能安全不會被搶劫, 並且我認為更重要的是 她有了新的價值感。 即使塑膠 也有了新的價值。 嗯。
And that plastic we collect, and we add value to, we sort it, we remove labels, we remove caps. We either shred it or we pack it into bales and get it ready for export. Now, it's no different than walking over acres of diamonds. If Lise was to walk over acres of diamonds but there was no store, no bank, no way to use the diamonds, no way to exchange them, they'd be worthless, too. And Lise was widowed after the 2010 Haitian earthquake, left homeless without an income. And as a result of the program, Lise can afford her two daughters' school tuition and uniforms.
我們收集塑膠, 我們把價值加上去, 我們將之分類, 我們除去標籤, 我們除去蓋子。 我們甚至將之切碎, 或是打包成一大包,準備出口。 這和走過一片鑽石地沒有什麼差別。 如果莉西走過一片鑽石地, 但沒有商店、沒有銀行、 沒有可以使用、交易鑽石的方式, 那麼鑽石也沒有價值。 莉西的先生過世了, 死於 2010 年的海地地震, 之後她無家可歸也沒有收入。 因為這項計畫, 莉西能負擔得起兩個女兒的學費 以及制服。
Now, that plastic we sell. We sell it to suppliers of great brands like Marks and Spencer, who have commissioned the use of social plastic in their products. Or like Henkel, the German consumer-goods company, who are using social plastic directly into their manufacturing. We've closed the loop in the circular economy. Now buy shampoo or laundry detergent that has social plastic packaging, and you are indirectly contributing to the extraction of plastic from ocean-bound waterways and alleviating poverty at the same time.
那些塑膠會被我們賣掉。 被我們賣給像馬莎百貨之類 大品牌的供應商, 他們被委以將社會塑膠 用在他們的產品中。 或像漢高公司, 它是一間德國的消費品公司, 他們在製造過程直接使用社會塑膠。 我們已完封了循環經濟的迴圈。 現在,去買洗髮精 或衣服洗滌劑, 且是用社會塑膠包裝的, 那麼你就間接做出貢獻, 協助將塑膠從與流向海的水路取出, 同時也協助減少貧困。
And that model is completely replicable. In São Paulo, a church sermon encourages parishioners to not just bring offering on Sunday, but the recycling, too. We then match the church with the poor. Or, I believe more powerfully, we could match a mosque in London with an impoverished church in Cairo. Or like in Vancouver, with our bottle-deposit program: now any individual or any group can now return their deposit-refundable recyclables, and instead of taking back the cash, they have the opportunity to deposit that value into the account of the poor around the world.
而那個模型 是完全可以複製的。 在聖保羅, 有場教堂佈道鼓勵教區居民 在星期日不只帶來貢品, 也要帶來回收品。 我們接著把教堂和貧窮人配對, 或,我相信更有力的做法是 我們可以把倫敦的一間清真寺 和一間開羅的窮困教堂配對。 或是像在溫哥華, 有我們的瓶子存款計畫: 現在,任何個人 或任何團體 現在能夠歸還 可退還存款的回收物資, 但他們不拿回現金, 而是可以把那價值存入 世界各地窮人的帳戶中。
We can now use our recycling to support and create recyclers. One bottle deposited at home could help extract hundreds around the world. Or, like Shell, the energy company, who's invested in our plastic-neutral program. Plastic neutrality is like carbon-neutral. But plastic neutrality invests in recycling infrastructure where it doesn't exist. And it provides an incentive for the poor by providing a price increase. Or -- like in the slums of Manila, where the smallest market with a simple scale and a phone can now accept social plastic as a new form of payment by weight, allowing them to serve more people and have their own greater social impact.
現在能用我們的回收 來支援和創造回收者。 在此地存入一個瓶子 能協助促成世界各地 回收數百個瓶子。 或,像殼牌這間能源公司, 投資了我們的「塑膠中和」計畫。 塑膠中和就像是碳中和。 但塑膠中和則是在 沒有回收基礎設施的地方 投資回收的基礎設施。 它提供優惠給窮人, 方式就是漲價。 或者 像馬尼拉的貧民窟, 在那裡,最小的市場, 即使只有簡單的磅秤和一具電話, 現在也能接受用社會塑膠 秤重量來當作新的付款方式, 這樣就能服務更多人, 並有更大的社會影響力。
And what's common here is that social plastic is money. Social plastic is money, a globally recognizable and tradable currency that, when used, alleviates poverty and cleans the environment at the same time. It's not just plastic. It's not recycled plastic, it's social plastic, a material whose value is transferred through the lives of the people who encounter it, rich and poor.
這裡的共通性是, 社會塑膠就是錢。 社會塑膠就是錢, 是一種全球認可、用來交易的貨幣, 用它能夠減輕貧困, 同時也清理了環境。 它不只是塑膠。 它不是回收塑膠而是社會塑膠, 其價值透過 撿拾它的人的生命而轉化, 不論他們是貧是富。
Humans have produced over eight trillion kilograms of plastic, most of it still here as waste. Eight trillion kilograms. Worth roughly 50 cents a kilo, we're potentially unleashing a four-trillion-dollar value. See, I see social plastic as the Bitcoin for the earth --
人類已經產生出了 超過八兆公斤的塑膠, 大部分還被當作廢棄物。 八兆公斤。 一公斤大約值五十分錢, 有能夠釋出四兆美元價值的潛力。 我把社會塑膠視為 地球的比特幣,
(Laughter)
(笑聲)
and available for everyone.
且人人可取得。
Now the entire ecosystem is managed and supported through an online banking platform that provides for the safe, authentic transfer of value globally. You can now deposit your recyclables in Vancouver or Berlin, and a family could withdraw building bricks or cell phone minutes in the slums of Manila. Or Lise -- she could deposit recycling at a center in Port-au-Prince, and her mother could withdraw cooking fuel or cash across the city. And the app adds rewards, incentives, group prizes, user rating. We've gamified recycling. We add fun and formality into an informal industry. We're operating in Haiti and the Philippines. We've selected staff and partners for Brazil. And this year, we're committing to India and Ethiopia. We're collecting hundreds and hundreds of tons of material. We continue to add partners and customers, and we increase our collection volumes every day. Now as a result of our program with Henkel, they've committed to use over 100 million kilograms of material every year. That alone will put hundreds of millions of dollars into the hands of the poor in the emerging economies.
現在,整個生態系統都是透過 線上銀行平台來管理和支援, 這個平台提供安全且 真實的全球價值轉移。 你可以在溫哥華或柏林 存入回收的資源, 某一家人能從馬尼拉的 貧民窟提領建築磚塊 或手機通話的時間。 或,莉西── 她可以在太子港的 一間回收中心存入資源, 她母親可以在城市另一頭 提領做菜的燃料或現金。 手機應用程式增加了獎賞、 優惠、 團體獎品、 使用者評價。 我們把回收給遊戲化了。 我們將樂趣和正式性加入了 一個非正式的產業中。 我們在海地和菲律賓營運, 我們為巴西篩選員工和合作夥伴。 今年,我們會投入印度和衣索比亞。 我們在收集數百噸的材料。 我們持續增加合作夥伴 和客戶, 且我們每天的收集量都在上升。 我們和漢高公司合作的計畫的結果, 他們已承諾每年要使用超過 一億公斤的回收材料。 光是這樣,就能把數億美元交到 新興經濟體中的窮人手中。
And so now, we can all be a part of the solution and not the pollution.
所以,現在, 我們所有人都可以 成為解決方案的一部分, 而非污染的一部分。
And so, OK, maybe cleaning the ocean is futile. It might be. But preventing ocean plastic could be humanity's richest opportunity.
所以也許清理海洋是徒勞無益的。 有可能。 而預防塑膠進入海洋 卻有可能是人類的最佳機會。
Thank you.
謝謝。
(Applause)
(掌聲)