Thank you so much everyone from TED, and Chris and Amy in particular. I cannot believe I'm here. I have not slept in weeks. Neil and I were sitting there comparing how little we've slept in anticipation for this. I've never been so nervous -- and I do this when I'm nervous, I just realized. (Laughter) So, I'm going to talk about sort of what we did at this organization called 826 Valencia, and then I'm going to talk about how we all might join in and do similar things.
Eskerrik asko TEDeko kide guztiei, eta batez ere CHRIS eta AMYri Ezin dut sinetsi hemen nagoenik Asteak ez dudala lorik egin NEIL eta ni hor eserita geunden, honengatik zein lo gutxi egin dugun alderatzen. Ez naiz inoiz hain urduri egon -- eta hau egiten dut urduri nagoenean. Oraintxe konturatu naiz. (Barreak) Ongi, 826 VALENCIA izeneko elkarte honetan egin genuenaz hitz egingo dut, eta ondoren aipatuko dut beharrezkoa dena guztiok antzeko ekimenak egiteko eta honetan parte hartzeko.
Back in about 2000, I was living in Brooklyn, I was trying to finish my first book, I was wandering around dazed every day because I wrote from 12 a.m. to 5 a.m. So I would walk around in a daze during the day. I had no mental acuity to speak of during the day, but I had flexible hours. In the Brooklyn neighborhood that I lived in, Park Slope, there are a lot of writers -- it's like a very high per capita ratio of writers to normal people. Meanwhile, I had grown up around a lot of teachers. My mom was a teacher, my sister became a teacher and after college so many of my friends went into teaching. And so I was always hearing them talk about their lives and how inspiring they were, and they were really sort of the most hard-working and constantly inspiring people I knew.
2000. urtean BROOKLYNen bizi nintzen, nire lehen liburua bukatzeko ahaleginetan Nora ezean nenbilen tontotuta egunero gaueko 12etatik 5etara idazten nuelako. Horregatik egunean zehar nahastua nenbilen Ez nuen hitz egiteko argitasun nahikorik egunez, baina ordutegi malgua nuen. Bizi nintzen BROOKLYNeko auzoan, PARK SLOPEn, idazle asko zeuden -- idazle kopuru oso handia zegoen jende arruntarekin alderatuz. Gainera, ni irakaslez inguratuta hazi nintzen. Gure ama irakaslea zen. Gure arreba ere iraskale egin zen eta lagun asko irakasle sartu ziren unibertsitate-ikasketak bukatu ondoren. Beraz, beti euren bizitzei buruz hitz egiten entzuten nuen,♪ eta zein inspiragarriak ziren entzuten nuen, ezagutzen nituen pertsonarik langileenak eta inspiragarrienak ziren.
But I knew so many of the things they were up against, so many of the struggles they were dealing with. And one of them was that so many of my friends that were teaching in city schools were having trouble with their students keeping up at grade level, in their reading and writing in particular. Now, so many of these students had come from households where English isn't spoken in the home, where a lot of them have different special needs, learning disabilities. And of course they're working in schools which sometimes and very often are under-funded. And so they would talk to me about this and say, "You know, what we really need is just more people, more bodies, more one-on-one attention, more hours, more expertise from people that have skills in English and can work with these students one-on-one."
Baina haiek haserretzen zituzten gauzak era banekizkien, etengabe borrokatzeko zituzten arazo ugari horiek. Herri eskoletan irakasten ari ziren lagunetako askok arazo berbera zuten: zailtasuna zuten euren ikasleen maila mantentzeko, batez ere irakurketan eta idazketan. Ba...ikasle horietako asko ingelesa hitz egiten ez den etxe eta familietatik zetozen, eta behar bereziak zituzten, ikasteko zailtasunak. Eta gainera zeuden eskola asko finantziazio eskasekoak ziren Eta honetaz hitzegiten ari zirenean hauxe esaten zidaten: "Badakizu, behar dugun gauza bakarra jende gehiago da, pertsonal gehiago, banakako arreta gehiago, ordu gehiago, ingeles gaitasuna duen jende aditua behar dugu ikasle horiekin banaka lan egin dezaten."
Now, I would say, "Well, why don't you just work with them one-on-one?" And they would say, "Well, we have five classes of 30 to 40 students each. This can lead up to 150, 180, 200 students a day. How can we possibly give each student even one hour a week of one-on-one attention?" You'd have to greatly multiply the workweek and clone the teachers. And so we started talking about this. And at the same time, I thought about this massive group of people I knew: writers, editors, journalists, graduate students, assistant professors, you name it. All these people that had sort of flexible daily hours and an interest in the English word -- I hope to have an interest in the English language, but I'm not speaking it well right now. (Laughter) I'm trying. That clock has got me. But everyone that I knew had an interest in the primacy of the written word in terms of nurturing a democracy, nurturing an enlightened life. And so they had, you know, their time and their interest, but at the same time there wasn't a conduit that I knew of in my community to bring these two communities together.
Orduan, nik esaten nien: "Zergatik ez duzue ba, banaka lan egiten ikasleekin?" Eta erantzuten zuten: " Baina 30 eta 40 ikasle-kopuruko ikasgelak ditugu Horrek esan nahi du eguneko 150, 180, 200 ikasle direla. Nola eman diezaiokegu ikasle bakoitzari gutxienez ordubeteko banakako arreta astero?" Lan astea biderkatu eta irakasleak klonatu beharko zenituzke. Eta ondorioz honetaz hitz egiten hasi ginen. Aldi berean pentsatu nuen ezaguna nuen jende andanan: idazleak, editoreak, kazetariak, ikasle graduatuak, irakasle laguntzaileak, denetik. Egunean zehar lanordu malguak zituzten eta ingelesean interesa zuten ... Ingelesean interesa dudala uste dut, baina ez naiz oso ongi hitz egiten ari orain. (Barreak) Saiatzen ari naiz. Baina erlojuak harrapatuta nauka. Baina ezagutzen nuen jende guztiaren interesa zen idatzizko hitzaren garrantzia demokrazia eta eta bizitza ikasia zaintzeko Eta badakizue zer? Denbora eta interesa zuten, baina era berean ez zegoen, nik nekienez, bi multzo hauek komunikatzeko modurik, bi komunitateak elkartzeko erarik.
So when I moved back to San Francisco, we rented this building. And the idea was to put McSweeney's -- McSweeney's Quarterly, that we published twice or three times a year, and a few other magazines -- we were going to move it into an office for the first time. It used to be in my kitchen in Brooklyn. We were going to move it into an office, and we were going to actually share space with a tutoring center. So we thought, "We'll have all these writers and editors and everybody -- sort of a writing community -- coming into the office every day anyway, why don't we just open up the front of the building for students to come in there after school, get extra help on their written homework, so you have basically no border between these two communities?" So the idea was that we would be working on whatever we're working on, at 2:30 p.m. the students flow in and you put down what you're doing, or you trade, or you work a little bit later or whatever it is. You give those hours in the afternoon to the students in the neighborhood.
Horrelaxe ba, SAN FRANCISCOra bueltatu nintzenean, eraikin hau alokatu genuen. Eta ideia zen McSweeney's jartzea, McSweeney's Quarterly, urtean bi edo hiru aldiz argitaratzen genuen aldizkaria eta beste aldizkari batzuk; lehen aldiz bulego batean kokatzea pentsatu genuen. Bulegoa nire Brooklyneko sukalde izan ohi zen. Bulego batean kokatuko ginen eta tutoretza zentro batekin partekatu nahi genuen espazioa. Eta pentsatu genuen, "Editore eta idazle horiek guztiak edukiko ditugu hala nolako idazle komunitate bat egunero bulegora etortzen", eta... zergatik ez dugu irekitzen eraikina ikasleak eskola ondoren etor daitezen, idatzizko etxerako lanetan aparteko laguntza jasotzeko, bi talde hauen artean inolako mugarik egon ez dadin? Beraz ideia zen gure lan propioan aritzea, eta arratsaldeko 2:30etan ikasleak etortzean eginbeharrak uztea edo aldaketak egitea, edo beranduago lanean jarraitzea. Hau da: arratsaldeko zure orduak auzoko ikasleei eskaintzea.
So, we had this place, we rented it, the landlord was all for it. We did this mural, that's a Chris Ware mural, that basically explains the entire history of the printed word, in mural form -- it takes a long time to digest and you have to stand in the middle of the road. So we rented this space. And everything was great except the landlord said, "Well, the space is zoned for retail; you have to come up with something. You've gotta sell something. You can't just have a tutoring center." So we thought, "Ha ha! Really!" And we couldn't think of anything necessarily to sell, but we did all the necessary research. It used to be a weight room, so there were rubber floors below, acoustic tile ceilings and fluorescent lights. We took all that down, and we found beautiful wooden floors, whitewashed beams and it had the look -- while we were renovating this place, somebody said, "You know, it really kind of looks like the hull of a ship." And we looked around and somebody else said, "Well, you should sell supplies to the working buccaneer." (Laughter)
Horrela, lekua aukeratuta, alokatu genuen. Gainera ugazaba guztiz ados zegoen. Horma-irudia egin genuen, CHRIS WAREren horma-irudia da eta idatzizko hitzen historia azaltzen du horma-irudi itxuran -- denbora asko behar da bereganatzeko eta gainera errepidearen erdian jarri behar zara. Beraz lekua alokatu genuen. Dena zoragarria zen baina ugazabak esan zuen, "Espazio hau salmentarako izendatuta dago, ondorioz zerbait egin behar duzue. Zerbait saldu behar duzue. Ezin duzue tutoretza zentroa soilik eduki." Eta pentsatu genuen, bai zera, nola? Ez zitzaigun saltzeko deus ere bururatu, hala ere ikerketa nahikoa egin genuen. Pesak egiteko gela bat izan zen, beraz gomazko lurrak, soinuaren aurkako sabaiak eta argi fluoreszenteak zituen. Hori guztia bota eta egurrezko lur zoragarriak, eta karezko itxurako habe zuriak aurkitu genituen -- lekua berriztatzen ari ginela, norbaitek esan zuen arte: "Badakizue zer, badirudi itsasontzi baten kroskoa dela." Eta ingurura begira, beste batek esan zuen, "Ongi, itsaslapurrei hornidurak saldu behar zenizkieke." (Barreak)
And so this is what we did. So it made everybody laugh, and we said, "There's a point to that. Let's sell pirate supplies." This is the pirate supply store. You see, this is sort of a sketch I did on a napkin. A great carpenter built all this stuff and you see, we made it look sort of pirate supply-like. Here you see planks sold by the foot and we have supplies to combat scurvy. We have the peg legs there, that are all handmade and fitted to you. Up at the top, you see the eyepatch display, which is the black column there for everyday use for your eyepatch, and then you have the pastel and other colors for stepping out at night -- special occasions, bar mitzvahs and whatever.
Eta horixe egin genuen. Denok barre egin, eta pentsatu genuen, "Zentzua badu, saldu dezagun piratentzat hornidura." Hau piraten denda da. Ikusten duzue, hau zapi batean egin nuen zirriborroa da. Primerako arotz batek hau guztia eraiki zuen eta piratentzat hornidura saltzeko dendaren itxura eman genion. Hankaren tamainera moldatutako makuluak saltzen ditugu baita eskorbutoari aurre egiteko produktuak ere. Egur-zangoak ditugu, denak eskuz eta neurrira eginak. Goian, begietarako partxeak ikus ditzakezue, zutabe beltza egunero erabiltzeko partxeekin eta pastel zein beste koloreetakoak gauez kalera irteteko -- une berezietan janzteko, bar mitzvahs eta abar.
So we opened this place. And this is a vat that we fill with treasures that students dig in. This is replacement eyes in case you lose one. These are some signs that we have all over the place: "Practical Joking with Pirates." While you're reading the sign, we pull a rope behind the counter and eight mop heads drop on your head. That was just my one thing -- I said we had to have something that drops on people's heads. It became mop heads. And this is the fish theater, which is just a saltwater tank with three seats, and then right behind it we set up this space, which was the tutoring center. So right there is the tutoring center, and then behind the curtain were the McSweeney's offices, where all of us would be working on the magazine and book editing and things like that.
Beraz leku hau ireki genuen. Eta hau altxorrez betetako pertza bat da, ikasleek altxorrak bilatzeko. Hauek ordezko begiak dira galdu ezkero aldatzeko. Denda guztian zehar jarrita ditugun txartelak dira hauek: "Piraten txiste erabilgarriak" Txartela irakurtzen ari zaren bitartean, salmahaitik soka bati tira egiten diogu eta zortzi fregona zure buru gainera erortzen dira. -Hau zen nire ekarpena - esan nuen, jendearen buru gainera erortzen zen zerbait eduki behar genuela. Horrela fregonak jarri genituen. Eta hau arrainen antzokia da, hiru aulki eta ur gaziz betetako edukiontzia besterik ez dituena. Eta honen guztiaren atzean espazio hau egokitu genuen, orain tutoretza zentrua dena. Beraz hortxe bertan dago tutoretza zentrua, eta gortina batzuen atzean McSweeney's-en bulegoak zeuden, aldizkari eta liburuak argitaratzen lan egiten genuen lekua.
The kids would come in -- or we thought they would come in. I should back up. We set the place up, we opened up, we spent months and months renovating this place. We had tables, chairs, computers, everything. I went to a dot-com auction at a Holiday Inn in Palo Alto and I bought 11 G4s with a stroke of a paddle. Anyway, we bought 'em, we set everything up and then we waited. It was started with about 12 of my friends, people that I had known for years that were writers in the neighborhood. And we sat. And at 2:30 p.m. we put a sandwich board out on the front sidewalk and it just said, "Free Tutoring for Your English-Related and Writing-Related Needs -- Just Come In, It's All Free." And we thought, "Oh, they're going to storm the gates, they're gonna love it." And they didn't. And so we waited, we sat at the tables, we waited and waited. And everybody was becoming very discouraged because it was weeks and weeks that we waited, really, where nobody came in.
Neska-mutilak etortzekoak ziren edo etorriko zirela pentsatzen genuen. Atzera egin beharko nuke. Lekua prestatu genuen, ireki genuen eta hilabeteak pasa genituen lekua berritzen. Mahaiak, aulkiak, ordenagailuak, dena genuen. PALO ALTOko dot-com enpresa baten enkantera joan nintzen Holiday Inn batera eta 11 G4 erosi nituen arazo handirik gabe. Edonola ere, erosi genituen, dena prestatu genuen eta itxaroten geratu ginen. Nire 12 lagunekin hasi nintzen, aspalditik ezagutzen nituen auzoko lagun idazleekin. Eta eseri egin ginen. 14:30etan, aurreko espaloian iragarki-taula batean txartel hau prestatu genuen:, "Tutoretzak doan, Ingelesarekin eta irakurketa zein idazketarekin erlazionatutako lanak egiteko , sartu, dena doan da"" Eta pentsatu genuen, "Oh, abailan etorriko dira, eta izugarri gustatuko zaie". Baina ez zen horrela izan. Eta itxaron egin genuen, mahaitan eseri ginen, itxaroten. Itxaropena galtzen ari ginen, asteetan zehar itxoin genuelako eta inor sartu ez zelako.
And then somebody alerted us to the fact that maybe there was a trust gap, because we were operating behind a pirate supply store. (Laughter) We never put it together, you know? And so then, around that time, I persuaded a woman named Nineveh Caligari, a longtime San Francisco educator -- she was teaching in Mexico City, she had all the experience necessary, knew everything about education, was connected with all the teachers and community members in the neighborhood -- I convinced her to move up from Mexico City where she was teaching. She took over as executive director. Immediately, she made the inroads with the teachers and the parents and the students and everything, and so suddenly it was actually full every day.
Eta bat-batean norbaitek ohartarazi zigun agian konfiantza falta zegoela piratentzako gauzak saltzen zituen denda batean lanean ari ginelako. (Barreak) Ez ginen inoiz konturatu. Orduan, denbora luzez San Franciscon hezkuntzan aritu zen NINEVEH CALIGARI izeneko emakume bat konbentzitu nuen, Mexiko Hirian irakasten zuena beharrezkoa eskarmentua zuena dena zekien hezkuntzari buruz. Auzoko beste irakasle eta auzokideekin lotura estua zuen, eta irakasten ari zen Mexiko Hiritik etortzeko konbentzitu nuen. Zuzendari postua hartu zuen. Berehala, irakasle, guraso eta ikasleekin sartu-irten ugari egin zituen, eta bat-batean beteta zegoen egunero.
And what we were trying to offer every day was one-on-one attention. The goal was to have a one-to-one ratio with every one of these students. You know, it's been proven that 35 to 40 hours a year with one-on-one attention, a student can get one grade level higher. And so most of these students, English is not spoken in the home. They come there, many times their parents -- you can't see it, but there's a church pew that I bought in a Berkeley auction right there -- the parents will sometimes watch while their kids are being tutored. So that was the basis of it, was one-on-one attention. And we found ourselves full every day with kids. If you're on Valencia Street within those few blocks at around 2 p.m., 2:30 p.m., you will get run over, often, by the kids and their big backpacks, or whatever, actually running to this space,
Eta egunero eskaintzen saiatzen ari ginena banakako arreta zen. Helburua ikasle bakoitzeko irakasle bat edukitzea zen. Dakizuenez, frogatuta dago ikasleak urtean 35-40 ordutan banakako arreta badu notak maila bat igo daitezkeela. Eta ikasle hauetako gehienen etxeetan ez da Ingelesa hitz egiten. Hona etortzen dira, askotan baita gurasoak ere, ezin duzue ikusi, baina bertan BERKELEYn enkante batean erosi nuen elizako banko bat dago bertatik gurasoek batzutan ikasleak ikusten dituzte tutoretzan dauden bitartean. Beraz hau zen guztiaren oinarria, banakako arreta. Eta egunero beteta geundela ikusi genuen. Valencia Street inguruan bazaude 14:00 edo 14:30ak aldera, askotan harrapatuko zaituzte neska-mutilek euren motxila handiekin, espazio honetara korrika datozela,
which is very strange, because it's school, in a way. But there was something psychological happening there that was just a little bit different. And the other thing was, there was no stigma. Kids weren't going into the "Center-for-Kids-That-Need-More-Help," or something like that. It was 826 Valencia. First of all, it was a pirate supply store, which is insane. And then secondly, there's a publishing company in the back. And so our interns were actually working at the same tables very often, and shoulder-to-shoulder, computer-next-to-computer with the students.
eta hau oso arraroa da, nolabait hau ere eskola baita. Baina ezohiko zeozer gertatzen ari zen hemen psikologikoa zen zerbait. Eta beste gauza zen, ez zegoela estigmarik. Neska-mutilak ez zihoazen "Laguntza gehiago behar duten Ikasleen Zentrura" Hau 826 Valencia zen. Lehenik, piraten hornidura saltzeko denda zen, erabateko erokeria. Eta bigarrenik, argitalpen enpresa bat zegoela atzean. Eta askotan, gure praktiketako langileak mahai berdinetan ari ziren lanean elkarrekin, ondoko ordenagailuan ikasleak zituztela.
And so it became a tutoring center -- publishing center, is what we called it -- and a writing center. They go in, and they might be working with a high school student actually working on a novel -- because we had very gifted kids, too. So there's no stigma. They're all working next to each other. It's all a creative endeavor. They're seeing adults. They're modeling their behavior. These adults, they're working in their field. They can lean over, ask a question of one of these adults and it all sort of feeds on each other. There's a lot of cross-pollination. The only problem, especially for the adults working at McSweeney's who hadn't necessarily bought into all of this when they signed up, was that there was just the one bathroom. (Laughter) With like 60 kids a day, this is a problem.
Eta tutoretza zentru bat bihurtu zen argitalpen zentru bat deitzen geniona eta idazketa zentru bat. Barrura sartu eta agian nobela batean lanean ari zen batxilergoko ikasle batekin -- guk ere haur dohatuak genituen -- lan egiten zuten. Ez dago estigmarik. Denak bata bestearen ondoan lanean. Sortzeko saiakera bat da. Helduak ikusten ari dira. Euren jarrera modelatzen ari dira. Heldu hauek norberaren esparruetan lan egiten dute. Helduengana joan daitezke, galderak egin eta horrela interakzioa dago. Elkar-polinizazio asko dago. Arazo bakarra zera zen, McSweeney´s-en lanean ari ziren helduentzat batez ere, hori guztia kontratuan sinatu ez zutenentzat: komun bakarra zegoela. (Barreak) Egunean 60 umeekin hau arazoa da.
But you know, there's something about the kids finishing their homework in a given day, working one-on-one, getting all this attention -- they go home, they're finished. They don't stall. They don't do their homework in front of the TV. They're allowed to go home at 5:30 p.m., enjoy their family, enjoy other hobbies, get outside, play. And that makes a happy family. A bunch of happy families in a neighborhood is a happy community. A bunch of happy communities tied together is a happy city and a happy world. So the key to it all is homework! (Laughter) (Applause) There you have it, you know -- one-on-one attention.
Baina badakizue? badago zerbait ikasleak etxerako lanak bukatuta ikustean egun bakarrean, banaka lan eginez, arreta hau guztia jasotzen -- etxera doaz, bukatu dute. Ez dira bueltaka ibiltzen. Ez dituzte etxerako lanak telebistaren aurrean egiten. 17:30tan etxera joan daitezke, familiaz gozatu, gustuko aisialdian murgildu, kalera joan, jolastu. Eta hori da familia zoriontsu egiten duena. Familia zoriontsuek auzo zoriontsua egiten dute. Elkar lotutako komunitate zoriontsuek hiri eta mundu zoriontsua egiten dute. Beraz guztiaren giltza etxerako lanak ziren! (Barreak) (Txaloak) Hor duzue, ulertzen? banakako arreta.
So we started off with about 12 volunteers, and then we had about 50, and then a couple hundred. And we now have 1,400 volunteers on our roster. And we make it incredibly easy to volunteer. The key thing is, even if you only have a couple of hours a month, those two hours shoulder-to-shoulder, next to one student, concentrated attention, shining this beam of light on their work, on their thoughts and their self-expression, is going to be absolutely transformative, because so many of the students have not had that ever before. So we said, "Even if you have two hours one Sunday every six months, it doesn't matter. That's going to be enough." So that's partly why the tutor corps grew so fast.
12 boluntarioekin hasi ginen, eta gero 50 genituen, Ondoren 200 bat. Eta orain 1400 boluntario inguru daude gure zerrendan. Eta erraztasun guztiak jartzen ditugu boluntarioak izateko. Giltzarria honakoa da: nahiz eta hilabetean bi ordu besterik ez eduki, bi ordu horiek elkarrekin lanean, ikaslearen ondoan, arreta guztiarekin, beraien lanean arreta jarriz, euren pentsamendu eta euren espresioan, erabat eraldatzailea da, ikasle hauetako askok ez baitute inoiz horrelako deus eduki. Orduan esan genuen, " Sei hilabetean behin igande batean bi ordu besterik ez badira ere, ez du inporta. Hori nahikoa izango da." Horregatik hein handi batean tutore kopurua oso azkar igo zen.
Then we said, "Well, what are we going to do with the space during the day, because it has to be used before 2:30 p.m.?" So we started bringing in classes during the day. So every day, there's a field trip where they together create a book -- you can see it being typed up above. This is one of the classes getting way too excited about writing. You just point a camera at a class, and it always looks like this. So this is one of the books that they do. Notice the title of the book, "The Book That Was Never Checked Out: Titanic." And the first line of that book is, "Once there was a book named Cindy that was about the Titanic." So, meanwhile, there's an adult in the back typing this up, taking it completely seriously, which blows their mind.
Gainera pentsatu genuen, " Ongi, zer egingo dugu espazio honekin egunean zehar, 14:30ak baino lehen erabili beharra dago." Horregatik ikasgelak ekartzen hasi ginen egunean zehar. Egunero, ibilaldi bat dago eta guztiek batera liburu bat sortzen dute -- liburua idazten ikus ditzakezue hemen goian. Hau ikasgeletako bat da, eta idazten erabat asaldatu dira. Ikasgela batean kamera bat atera, eta beti horrela jartzen dira. Hau da egin duten liburuetako bat. Ikusi liburuaren izenburua, "Inoiz egiaztatu ez zen liburua: Titanic" Eta liburuaren lehenengo lerroa da, "Bazen behin Cindy izeneko liburu bat Titanic-i buruz zena." Eta bitartean, heldu bat dago atzean hau idazten, erabat lan serioa egiten, ia erotu beharrean.
So then we still had more tutors to use. This is a shot of just some of the tutors during one of the events. The teachers that we work with -- and everything is different to teachers -- they tell us what to do. We went in there thinking, "We're ultimately, completely malleable. You're going to tell us. The neighborhood's going to tell us, the parents are going to tell us. The teachers are going to tell us how we're most useful."
Horregatik oraindik tutore gehiago ditugu erabiltzeko. Hau ekitaldi batean ateratako tutoreen argazki bat da. Gurekin lan egiten duten tutoreek eta gehiena ezberdina da irakasleentzat -- zer egin behar dugun esaten digute. Pentsatzen hasi ginen, " Erabat malguak gara. Zuek esango diguzue... Auzoak esango digu, gurasoek esango digute. Irakasleek esango digute nola lagundu modu hoberenean.
So then they said, "Why don't you come into the schools? Because what about the students that wouldn't come to you, necessarily, who don't have really active parents that are bringing them in, or aren't close enough?" So then we started saying, "Well, we've got 1,400 people on our tutor roster. Let's just put out the word." A teacher will say, "I need 12 tutors for the next five Sundays. We're working on our college essays. Send them in." So we put that out on the wire: 1,400 tutors. Whoever can make it signs up. They go in about a half an hour before the class. The teacher tells them what to do, how to do it, what their training is, what their project is so far. They work under the teacher's guide, and it's all in one big room. And that's actually the brunt of what we do is, people going straight from their workplace, straight from home, straight into the classroom and working directly with the students. So then we're able to work with thousands and thousands of more students. Then another school said, "Well, what if we just give you a classroom and you can staff it all day?"
Orduan esan zuten, "Zergatik ez zarete eskoletara etortzen? Zer gertatzen da zuengana ez datozen ikasleekin, ekartzen ez dituzten familietako ikasle horiekin, edo hurbil ez dauden horiekin?" Orduan hasi ginen pentsatzen, " Beno, 1400 pertsona ditugu gure tutore-zerrendan. Atera ditzagun mundura." Irakasle batek esango du, " Hurrengo bost igandetarako 12 tutore behar ditut. Gure eskolako idazlanetan ari gara. Bidali hona." Beraz kalera atera genituen: 1400 tutore. Egin dezakeen edozeinek ematen du izena. Klasea hasi baino ordu erdi lehenago joaten dira. Irakasleak zer egin esaten die, nola egin, beraien trabakuntza zein den, proiektua zein den. Irakasleen gidaritzapean lan egiten dute, eta dena areto handi batean. Eta hau da egiten dugun okerrena, jendea zuzenean bere lantokitik, etxetik ikasgeletara, zuzenean ikasleekin lan egitera doa. Horrela milaka eta milaka ikaslerekin lan egiteko gai gara. Eta beste eskola batek esan zuen, "Zer iruditzen gela bat ematen badizuegu eta zuen tutoreak bertan badaude egun osoan zehar?"
So this is the Everett Middle School Writers' Room, where we decorated it in buccaneer style. It's right off the library. And there we serve all 529 kids in this middle school. This is their newspaper, the "Straight-Up News," that has an ongoing column from Mayor Gavin Newsom in both languages -- English and Spanish. So then one day Isabel Allende wrote to us and said, "Hey, why don't you assign a book with high school students? I want them to write about how to achieve peace in a violent world." And so we went into Thurgood Marshall High School, which is a school that we had worked with on some other things, and we gave that assignment to the students. And we said, "Isabel Allende is going to read all your essays at the end. She's going to publish them in a book. She's going to sponsor the printing of this book in paperback form. It's going to be available in all the bookstores in the Bay Area and throughout the world, on Amazon and you name it." So these kids worked harder than they've ever worked on anything in their lives, because there was that outside audience, there was Isabel Allende on the other end. I think we had about 170 tutors that worked on this book with them and so this worked out incredibly well. We had a big party at the end. This is a book that you can find anywhere. So that led to a series of these. You can see Amy Tan sponsored the next one, "I Might Get Somewhere." And this became an ongoing thing. More and more books.
Ongi, hau Everett Middle eskolako idazleen aretoa da, itsaslapurren erara apaindu genuena. Liburutegiaren ondoan dago. Bigarren hezkuntzako 529 ikasleekin lan egiten dugu. Hau da euren egunkaria: "Straight-Up News", Gavin Newsom alkatearen zutabe bat du bi hizkuntzatan -- Ingelesa eta Gaztelania. Egun batean Isabel Allendek idatzi zigun honakoa esanez, "Aizue, zergatik ez duzue liburu bat martxan jartzen bigarren hezkuntzako ikasleekin?" Indarkeriazko mundu batean bakea lortzeari buruz idaztea nahi dut." Ondorioz, bigarren hezkuntzako Thurgood Marshall ikastetxera joan ginen, lehendik lan egin genuen beraiekin beste gauza batzuetan, eta ikasleei lan hori eman genien. Eta esan genien, "Bukaeran Isabel Allendek irakurriko ditu idazlan guztiak. Liburu batean argitaratuko ditu denak. Paper formatuan liburu honen argitalpena lagunduko du berak. Bay Areako liburudenda guztietan egongo da eskuragarri, mundu osoan, Amazonen eta edonon." Horregatik ikasle hauek inoiz baino gogorrago lan egin zuten, kanpoko publikoa zegoelako, Isabel Allende zegoelako beste aldean. Uste dut 170 tutore eduki genituela liburu honetan lanean umeekin eta ondorioz oso ongi atera zen. Festa handi bat egin genuen amaieran. Edonon aurki dezakezun liburu bat da. Eta honek horrelako liburu sail bat ekarri zuen. Amy Tanek hurrengoa babestu zuen, "Agian nonbaitera iritsiko naiz." Eta hau gauza arrunt bat bihurtu zen. Liburu gehiago eta gehiago.
Now we're sort of addicted to the book thing. The kids will work harder than they've ever worked in their life if they know it's going to be permanent, know it's going to be on a shelf, know that nobody can diminish what they've thought and said, that we've honored their words, honored their thoughts with hundreds of hours of five drafts, six drafts -- all this attention that we give to their thoughts. And once they achieve that level, once they've written at that level, they can never go back. It's absolutely transformative. And so then they're all sold in the store. This is near the planks. We sell all the student books. Where else would you put them, right? So we sell 'em, and then something weird had been happening with the stores. The store, actually -- even though we started out as just a gag -- the store actually made money. So it was paying the rent. And maybe this is just a San Francisco thing -- I don't know, I don't want to judge. But people would come in -- and this was before the pirate movies and everything! It was making a lot of money. Not a lot of money, but it was paying the rent, paying a full-time staff member there. There's the ocean maps you can see on the left.
Orain liburuetara erabat zaletuta gaude. Ikasleek bere bizitza osoan baino gogorrago lan egingo dute lan hori betirako dela baldin badakite, apal batean egongo dela baldin badakite, pentsatu dutena eta esan dutena inork gutxietsiko ez duela baldin badakite, euren hitzak eta pentsamenduak errespetatua, ehundaka orduko eta bost, sei zirriborroekin ohoratu ditugula baldin badakite, eurenen pentsamenduei arreta hori jarri diegula baldin badakite. Eta behin maila horretara iritsi direla, maila horretan idatzi dutela, inoiz ez dira atzera bueltatuko. Zeharo eraldagarria da. Eta horrela dendan saltzen ditugu. Makuluen inguruan dago hau. Ikasleen liburu guztiak saltzen ditugu. Non gehiago jarriko zenituen, ezta? Saldu egiten ditugu, eta zerbait arraroa gertatu da dendetan. Dendatik, -- hau txiste baten moduan hasi zen arren -- dirua ateratzen ari ginen. Diru hori errenta ordaintzeko erabiltzen genuen, Agian San Frantziskoko kontua da -- ez dakit, ez dut epaitu nahi. Baina jendea sartzen zen -- eta hau guztia piraten filmeak baino lehen izan zen! Diru asko lortzen ari ginen. Ez diru asko, baina errenta ordaintzeko adina bai, lanaldi osoko langile bat ordaintzeko adina. Ezkerrean ozeanoaren mapak ikus ditzakezue.
And it became a gateway to the community. People would come in and say, "What the --? What is this?" I don't want to swear on the web. (Laughter) Is that a rule? I don't know. They would say, "What is this?" And people would come in and learn more about it. And then right beyond -- there's usually a little chain there -- right beyond, they would see the kids being tutored. This is a field trip going on. And so they would be shopping, and they might be more likely to buy some lard, or millet for their parrot, or, you know, a hook, or hook protector for nighttime, all of these things we sell. So the store actually did really well. But it brought in so many people -- teachers, donors, volunteers, everybody -- because it was street level. It was open to the public. It wasn't a non-profit buried, you know, on the 30th floor of some building downtown. It was right in the neighborhood that it was serving, and it was open all the time to the public. So, it became this sort of weird, happy accident.
Eta komunitatearentzat ate bat bihurtu zen. Jendeak sartu ondoren esaten zuen: "Baina zer --? Zer da hau?" Ez dut web orrian biraorik esan nahi. (Barreak) Arau bat da hori? Ez dakit. Esaten zuten, "Zer da hau?" Eta jendea sartu eta honi buruzko gauzak ikasten zituen. Eta haratago -- normalean kate txiki bat egoten da hor -- hortxe atzean, ikasleak tutoretzan ikusten zituzten. Hau ibilaldi bat da. Erosketak egiten zituzten eta aukera gehiago zegoen txerri-gantza erosteko, edo beraien loroarentzat artatxikia edo kako bat erosteko, edo kakoarentzat babesle bat, ba... saltzen ditugun gauza horiek erosteko. Denda oso ongi zihoan. Baina jende asko erakarri zuen: irakasleak, ongileak, boluntarioak, mundu guztia. Beheko pisuan zegoelako. Publikoarentzat irekita zegoen. Ez zen lurperatutako GKE bat, ¿badakizue?, erdiguneko eraikin baten 30.solairuan. Zerbitzua eskaintzen genuen auzoan bertan zegoen, eta beti publikoarentzat irekita. Horrela gertatu zen istripu arraro eta ditxosozko hau.
So all the people I used to know in Brooklyn, they said, "Well, why don't we have a place like that here?" And a lot of them had been former educators or would-be educators, so they combined with a lot of local designers, local writers, and they just took the idea independently and they did their own thing. They didn't want to sell pirate supplies. They didn't think that that was going to work there. So, knowing the crime-fighting community in New York, they opened the Brooklyn Superhero Supply Company. This is Sam Potts' great design that did this. And this was to make it look sort of like one of those keysmith's shops that has to have every service they've ever offered, you know, all over there. So they opened this place. Inside, it's like a Costco for superheroes -- all the supplies in kind of basic form. These are all handmade. These are all sort of repurposed other products, or whatever. All the packaging is done by Sam Potts.
Beraz, Brooklynen ezagutzen nuen bakoitzak esan zuen: "Ongi, zergatik ez dugu horrelako leku bat hemen?" Asko hezitzaileak izandakoak edo izatekoak zirenak ziren, beraz bertako disenatzaile, idazleekin elkarlanean ideia hartu zuten eta era independentean euren proiektu propioa sortu zuten.™ Ez zuten piratentzat ezer saldu nahi. Ez zuten uste bertan funtzionatuko zuenik. Jakinda New Yorken gaizkileen aurkako komunitatea dagoela, Brooklyn Superheroi Supply Company denda ireki zuten. Sam Potts-en diseinua da hau. Eta honi inoiz saldu duten edozein gauza edukitzen dituzten burdindegi itxura jarri zioten, ¿badakizue zer esaten dudan? Leku hau ireki zuten. Barruan handizkako salmenta egiten duten denda horietako bat da, superheroientzat -- gauza guztiak jatorrizko forman. Denak eskuz eginak daude. Beste helburu batzuetarako dira gauza guztiak. Enbalatze guztia Sam Pottsek egiten du.
So then you have the villain containment unit, where kids put their parents. You have the office. This is a little vault -- you have to put your product in there, it goes up an electric lift and then the guy behind the counter tells you that you have to recite the vow of heroism, which you do, if you want to buy anything. And it limits, really, their sales. Personally, I think it's a problem. Because they have to do it hand on heart and everything. These are some of the products. These are all handmade. This is a secret identity kit. If you want to take on the identity of Sharon Boone, one American female marketing executive from Hoboken, New Jersey. It's a full dossier on everything you would need to know about Sharon Boone. So, this is the capery where you get fitted for your cape, and then you walk up these three steel-graded steps and then we turn on three hydraulic fans from every side and then you can see the cape in action. There's nothing worse than, you know, getting up there and the cape is bunching up or something like that. So then, the secret door -- this is one of the shelves you don't see when you walk in, but it slowly opens. You can see it there in the middle next to all the grappling hooks. It opens and then this is the tutoring center in the back. (Applause) So you can see the full effect!
Hemen gaizkileak eusteko gunea dute, haurrek gurasoak sar ditzaten. Bulegoa. Hau kaxa txiki bat da -- zure produktua bertan jarri eta igogailu elektriko batean gora joaten da eta salmahaian dagoen pertsonak esaten dizu heroismo botoa errezitatu behar duzula, non eta produktua erosi nahi baduzu. Honek beraien salmentak mugatzen ditu. Nire iritziz, hau arazo bat da. Eskua bihotzean jarrita eta guzti egin behar baitute. Hauek dira produktuetako batzuk. Denak eskuz eginak. Hau identitate sekretuaren kit bat da. Sharon Boonen, New Jerseyko Hobokeneko marketin exekutibo Amerikarraren, identitatea hartu nahi baduzu. Txosten oso bat dakar Sharon Booneri buruz jakin beharreko guztiarekin. Eta hau kapak egiten dituzten lekua da, zure kapa moldatzen dute eta ondoren altzairuzko hiru maila igo eta haizegailu hidraulikoak pizten ditugu alde guztietatik zure kapa funtzionamenduan ikus dezazun. Ez dago horra gora igo eta zure kapa pilatu egiten dela ikustea baino. Eta ondoren, ate ezkutua -- ikusten ez den apalategi horietako bat da sartzean pixkanaka irekitzen dena. Erdialdean ikus dezakezue, kakoen ondoan. Ireki eta tutoretza zentroa atzean dago. Efektua osorik ikus dezakezue.
But this is -- I just want to emphasize -- locally funded, locally built. All the designers, all of the builders, everybody was local, all the time was pro-bono. I just came and visited and said, "Yes, you guys are doing great," or whatever. That was it. You can see the time in all five boroughs of New York in the back. (Laughter) (Applause) So this is the space during tutoring hours. It's very busy. Same principles: one-on-one attention, complete devotion to the students' work and a boundless optimism and sort of a possibility of creativity and ideas. And this switch is flicked in their heads when they walk through those 18 feet of this bizarre store, right? So it's school, but it's not school. It's clearly not school, even though they're working shoulder-to-shoulder on tables, pencils and papers, whatever.
Baina hau guztia -- nabarmendu nahi dut -- tokiko baliabideekin finantzatua eta eraikia da. Diseinatzaile eta eraikitzaile guztiak bertakoak ziren, eta dena era altruistan egin zen. Behin joan nitzen eta esan nien: "Bikain egiten ari zarete", edo horrelako zerbait. Eta hori izan zen guztia. Atzean New Yorkeko auzo bakoitzaren ordua ikus dezakezue. Hau da espazioa tutoretzak dauden orduetan. Mugimendu asko dago beti. Oinarri berdinak: banakako arreta, ikaslearen lanarekiko erabateko mirespena, mugarik gabeko baikortasuna eta aukera bat sormenarentzat eta ideientzat. Etengailu hau buruan piztuta dago denda arraro honen 18 oinetan barrena dabiltzanean, ezta? Ikastetxea da baina ez da. Argi dago ez dela eskola, mahaietan, arkatzekin paperekin elkarlanean ari diren arren.
This is one of the students, Khaled Hamdan. You can read this quote. Addicted to video games and TV. Couldn't concentrate at home. Came in. Got this concentrated attention. And he couldn't escape it. So, soon enough, he was writing. He would finish his homework early -- got really addicted to finishing his homework early. It's an addictive thing to sort of be done with it, and to have it checked, and to know he's going to achieve the next thing and be prepared for school the next day. So he got hooked on that, and then he started doing other things. He's now been published in five books. He co-wrote a mockumentary about failed superheroes called "Super-Has-Beens." He wrote a series on "Penguin Balboa," which is a fighting -- a boxing -- penguin. And then he read aloud just a few weeks ago to 500 people at Symphony Space, at a benefit for 826 New York. So he's there every day. He's evangelical about it. He brings his cousins in now. There's four family members that come in every day.
Hau ikasleetako bat da, Khaled Hamdan. Bere aipamena irakur dezakezue. Telebistak eta bideojokoek menperatuta zuten. Ezin zuen etxean kontzentratu. Hona iritsi zen. Arreta eman zitzaion. Eta ezin izan zuen alde egin. Ondorioz, laster batean idazten ari zen. Lana azkar bukatzen zuen -- eta bere lanak azkar bukatzeko zaletasuna lortu zuen. Adiktiboa da lanak egitea, errebisioa pasa eta jakitea hurrengo mailara iritsiko dela eta eskolako hurrengo egunerako prest dagoela jakitea. Erabat zaletu zen eta beste gauzak egiten hasi zen. Dagoeneko bost liburu argitaratu ditu. "Izandako Superheroien" dokumental batean lagundu zuen egile moduan. "Balboa Pinguinoaren" sail bat idatzi zuen, pinguino borrokalaria da -- boxeolaria. Eta ondoren 500 pertsonen aurrean irakurri zituen bere liburuak Symphony Spacean, 826 New Yorkentzako ongintzazko ekitaldi batean. Eta han dago egunero. Ebanjelioa da berarentzat. Bere lehengusuak ekartzen ditu. Familiako lau kide datoz egunero.
So, I'll go through really quickly. This is L.A., The Echo Park Time Travel Mart: "Whenever You Are, We're Already Then." (Laughter) This is sort of a 7-Eleven for time travelers. So you see everything: it's exactly as a 7-Eleven would be. Leeches. Mammoth chunks. They even have their own Slurpee machine: "Out of Order. Come Back Yesterday." (Laughter) (Applause)
Ongi, azkar noa. Hau Los Angeles da. Echo Park Time Travel Mart-a. "Egon zaren lekuan, gu egonak gara". (Barreak) 7-11 denda bat bezalakoa baina denbora-bidaiarientzat. Ikusten: 7-11 denda bat bezalakoa da. Zomorroak. Mamut zatiak. Beraien Slurpee makina propioa ere badute: "Hondatuta. Itzuli Atzo." (Barreak) (Txaloak)
Anyway. So I'm going to jump ahead. These are spaces that are only affiliated with us, doing this same thing: Word St. in Pittsfield, Massachusetts; Ink Spot in Cincinnati; Youth Speaks, San Francisco, California, which inspired us; Studio St. Louis in St. Louis; Austin Bat Cave in Austin; Fighting Words in Dublin, Ireland, started by Roddy Doyle, this will be open in April. Now I'm going to the TED Wish -- is that okay?
Horrela ba. Aurrera salto egingo dut. Espazio hauek gurekin bakarrik daude lotuta, gauza berberak egiten: Word St. Pittsfielden, Massachusettsen; Ink Spot Cincinnatin; Youth Speaks, San Franciscon, Californian, gu inspiratu gintuena; Studio St. Louis St. Louisen; Austin Bat Cave Austinen; Fighting Words Dublinen, Irlandan, Roddy Doylek hasia, hau apirilean irekiko dute. Orain TED nahia esango dut -- ongi?
All right, I've got a minute. So, the TED Wish: I wish that you -- you personally and every creative individual and organization you know -- will find a way to directly engage with a public school in your area and that you'll then tell the story of how you got involved, so that within a year we have a thousand examples -- a thousand! -- of transformative partnerships. Profound leaps forward! And these can be things that maybe you're already doing. I know that so many people in this room are already doing really interesting things. I know that for a fact. So, tell us these stories and inspire others on the website.
Ongi, minutu bat dut. Hona ba, TED nahia: Honakoa nahiko nuke -- zuek pertsonalki eta ezagutzen duzuen edozein norbanako edo elkarte sortzailek -- aurkitu dezala moduren bat inguruko eskola publikoak erakartzeko eta konta dezazuela nola sartu zineten mugimendu honetan, urte baten buruan mila adibide eduki ditzagun -- mila! -- eraldagarria den lankidetza bati buruzko adibideak. Aurrerapauso sakonak! Eta hauek agian dagoeneko egiten ari zareten gauzak izan daitezke. Badakit gela honetako jende asko gauza interesgarriak egiten ari dela dagoeneko. Beraz kontatu historioak web orrian eta inspiratu beste batzuk.
We created a website. I'm going to switch to "we," and not "I," hope: We hope that the attendees of this conference will usher in a new era of participation in our public schools. We hope that you will take the lead in partnering your innovative spirit and expertise with that of innovative educators in your community. Always let the teachers lead the way. They will tell you how to be useful. I hope that you'll step in and help out. There are a million ways. You can walk up to your local school and consult with the teachers. They'll always tell you how to help. So, this is with Hot Studio in San Francisco, they did this phenomenal job. This website is already up, it's already got a bunch of stories, a lot of ideas. It's called "Once Upon a School," which is a great title, I think. This site will document every story, every project that comes out of this conference and around the world. So you go to the website, you see a bunch of ideas you can be inspired by and then you add your own projects once you get started. Hot Studio did a great job in a very tight deadline. So, visit the site. If you have any questions, you can ask this guy, who's our director of national programs. He'll be on the phone. You email him, he'll answer any question you possibly want. And he'll get you inspired and get you going and guide you through the process so that you can affect change.
Web orri bat sortu genuen. "Ni" aldatuko dut eta bere ordez "Gu" jarri , itxaropena: Hitzaldi honetan parte hartzen duzuenok eskola publikoetan parte hartzeko aro berri baten hasiera jarriko duzuela espero dugu. Espero dugu lidergoa hartuko dutela ekintza honetan beraien jarrera berritzailea eta esperientzia komunitateko hezitzaile berritzaileekin uztartuz. Utzi beti irakasleei bidea erakusten. Beraiek esango dute nola lagundu. Parte hartzea eta laguntzea espero dut. Milioika era daude. Zuen auzoko eskolara joan zaitezkete eta irakasleei galdetu. Beti esango dizuete nola lagundu. Horrela -- hau San Frantziskoko Hot Studioren lana da, lan zoragarria egin zuten. Web orri hau zintzilikatu da dagoeneko, eta historia mordoa ditu, idea ugari. "Once Upon a School" izena du izenburu zoragarria dela uste dut. Orri honetan istorio bakoitza gordeko dugu, hitzaldi honetatik eta mundu osotik sortzen diren proiektu bakoitza. Web orrira joan eta ideia multzo bat ikus dezakezue inspiratzeko eta ondoren zuen proiektua gehitu dezakezue behin hasita. Hot Studiok lan ederra egin du denbora oso tarte txikian. Beraz, sartu web orrian. Galderarik edukiz gero, galdetu mutil honi, nazio mailako programen zuzendaria da. Telefonoan egongo da. Email bat idatzi, edozein galdera erantzungo dizue. Inspirazio iturri izango da eta prozesu guztian zehar gidaritza lana egingo du aldaketaren parte izan zaitezten.
And it can be fun! That's the point of this talk -- it needn't be sterile. It needn't be bureaucratically untenable. You can do and use the skills that you have. The schools need you. The teachers need you. Students and parents need you. They need your actual person: your physical personhood and your open minds and open ears and boundless compassion, sitting next to them, listening and nodding and asking questions for hours at a time. Some of these kids just don't plain know how good they are: how smart and how much they have to say. You can tell them. You can shine that light on them, one human interaction at a time. So we hope you'll join us. Thank you so much.
Ongi pasako duzue! Honetan datza hitzaldi hau -- ez du zertan antzua izan, ezta burokrazia-mailan buruhaustekoa. Dituzuen gaitasunak erabil ditzakezue Eskoletan beharrezkoak zarete. Irakasleentzat beharrezkoak zarete. Ikasleek eta euren familiek behar zaituzte. zure pertsona eta pentsamolde zabala, zure entzuteko ahalmena eta mugagabeko gupida, euren artean eserita egoteko, aditzen, baieztatzen eta galdetzen ordu eta ordutan. Hauetako ikasle batzuek ez dakite zein onak diren: ez dira jabetzen euren adimen-maila altuaz eta esateko duten guztiaz Zuek esan diezaiokezue. Argibide bihur zaitezke eurengan, interakzioaren bitartez.Gurekin elkartzea espero dugu. Eskerrik asko.