Before he turned physics upside down, a young Albert Einstein supposedly showed off his genius by devising a complex riddle involving this list of clues. Can you resist tackling a brain teaser written by one of the smartest people in history? Let's give it a shot. The world's rarest fish has been stolen from the city aquarium. The police have followed the scent to a street with five identical looking houses. But they can't search all the houses at once, and if they pick the wrong one, the thief will know they're on his trail. It's up to you, the city's best detective, to solve the case. When you arrive on the scene, the police tell you what they know. One: each house's owner is of a different nationality, drinks a different beverage, and smokes a different type of cigar. Two: each house's interior walls are painted a different color. Three: each house contains a different animal, one of which is the fish. After a few hours of expert sleuthing, you gather some clues. It may look like a lot of information, but there's a clear logical path to the solution. Solving the puzzle will be a lot like Sudoku, so you may find it helpful to organize your information in a grid, like this. Pause the video on the following screen to examine your clues and solve the riddle. Answer in: 3 2 1 To start, you fill in the information from clues eight and nine. Immediately, you also realize that since the Norwegian is at the end of the street, there's only one house next to him, which must be the one with the blue walls in clue fourteen. Clue five says the green-walled house's owner drinks coffee. It can't be the center house since you already know its owner drinks milk, but it also can't be the second house, which you know has blue walls. And since clue four says the green-walled house must be directly to the left of the white-walled one, it can't be the first or fifth house either. The only place left for the green-walled house with the coffee drinker is the fourth spot, meaning the white-walled house is the fifth. Clue one gives you a nationality and a color. Since the only column missing both these values is the center one, this must be the Brit's red-walled home. Now that the only unassigned wall color is yellow, this must be applied to the first house, where clue seven says the Dunhill smoker lives. And clue eleven tells you that the owner of the horse is next door, which can only be the second house. The next step is to figure out what the Norwegian in the first house drinks. It can't be tea, clue three tells you that's the Dane. As per clue twelve, it can't be root beer since that person smokes Bluemaster, and since you already assigned milk and coffee, it must be water. From clue fifteen, you know that the Norwegian's neighbor, who can only be in the second house, smokes Blends. Now that the only spot in the grid without a cigar and a drink is in the fifth column, that must be the home of the person in clue twelve. And since this leaves only the second house without a drink, the tea-drinking Dane must live there. The fourth house is now the only one missing a nationality and a cigar brand, so the Prince-smoking German from clue thirteen must live there. Through elimination, you can conclude that the Brit smokes Pall Mall and the Swede lives in the fifth house, while clue six and clue two tell you that these two have a bird and a dog, respectively. Clue ten tells you that the cat owner lives next to the Blend-smoking Dane, putting him in the first house. Now with only one spot left on the grid, you know that the German in the green-walled house must be the culprit. You and the police burst into the house, catching the thief fish-handed. While that explanation was straightforward, solving puzzles like this often involves false starts and dead ends. Part of the trick is to use the process of elimination and lots of trial and error to hone in on the right pieces, and the more logic puzzles you solve, the better your intuition will be for when and where there's enough information to make your deductions. And did young Einstein really write this puzzle? Probably not. There's no evidence he did, and some of the brands mentioned are too recent. But the logic here is not so different from what you'd use to solve equations with multiple variables, even those describing the nature of the universe.
Pre nego što je okrenuo fiziku naopačke, Mladi Albert Ajnštajn je navodno pokazao svoju genijalnost tako što je smislio kompleksnu zagonetku koja uključuje ovaj spisak tragova. Možete li da odolite zagonetki koju je smislio jedan od najpametnijih ljudi u istoriji? Hajde da probamo. Najređa riba na svetu je ukradena iz gradskog akvarijuma. Policija je pratila miris do ulice sa pet identičnih kuća. Međutim, oni ne mogu da istraže sve kuće odjednom, i ako izaberu pogrešnu lopov će znati da su mu na tragu. Sve zavisi od vas, najboljeg detektiva u gradu, vi treba da rešite slučaj. Kada stignete na teren, policija vam otkriva ono što zna. Pod jedan: vlasnik svake od kuća je druge nacionalnosti, pije drugo piće, i puši drugu vrstu cigara. Pod dva: Unutrašnji zidovi svake kuće su omalani u drugu boju. Pod tri: svaka kuća u sebi ima drugu životinju, od kojih je jedna ona riba. Posle par sati stručnog istraživanja, prikupljate neke tragove. Možda se čini da ima dosta informacija, ali postoji jasan logičan put do rešenja. Rešiti zagonetku je dosta nalik na Sudoku, tako da će vam možda koristiti da organizujete informacije u mrežu, ovako. Pauzirajte video na sledećoj sceni da proučite tragove i rešite zagonetku. Odgovor sledi za: 3 2 1 Za početak, ispunite informacije za tragove osam i devet. Takođe, odmah primećujete da, budući da je Norvežanin na kraju ulice, postoji samo jedna kuća do njegove, što je sigurno ona sa plavim zidovima koja se pominje u četrnaestom tragu. Peti trag kaže da vlasnik kuće sa zelenim zidovima pije kafu. Ne može biti središnja kuća jer već znate da njen vlasnik pije mleko, ali ne može biti ni druga kuća, za koju znate da ima plave zidove. Budući da četvrti trag kaže da je kuća sa zelenim zidovima sigurno odmah levo od kuće sa belim zidovima, ne može biti ni prva ni peta kuća, takođe. Jedino što je preostalo za kuću sa zelenim zidovima u kojoj je onaj što pije kafu je četvrto mesto, što znači da je kuća belih zidova peta. Prvi trag vam otkriva nacionalnost i boju. Budući da je jedina rubrika kojoj ove vrednosti fale ona središnja, ovo je sigurno kuća sa crvenim zidovima u kojoj živi Britanac. Budući da je jedina nedodeljena boja zidova žuta, ovo svojstvo moramo pripisati prvoj kući, gde vam sedmi trag kaže da živi onaj što puši Danhil. Jedanaesti trag vam govori da je vlasnik konja u kući pored, a ta kuća može biti samo druga u nizu. Sledeći korak je da otkrijete koje piće pije Norvežanin iz prve kuće. Ne pije čaj, jer vam treći trag govori da čaj pije Danac. Kao što kaže dvanaesti trag, ne pije bezalkoholno pivo jer ta osoba puši Blumaster, a budući da su mleko i kafa već dodeljeni, ostaje samo voda. Iz petnaestog traga, znate da komšija Norvežanina, koji može biti samo u drugoj kući u nizu, puši Blends. Budući da je jedino mesto u mreži bez vrste cigara i pića peta rubrika, to mora biti kuća osobe iz dvanaestog traga. I budući da to ostavlja jedino drugu kuću bez pića, tamo sigurno živi Danac koji pije čaj. Četvrta kuća je sada jedina koja nema nacionalnost i vrstu cigara, tako da Nemac koji puši Prins iz trinaestog traga sigurno živi tamo. Kroz proces eliminacije, možete zaključiti da Britanac puši Pal Mal i da Šveđanin živi u petoj kući, dok vam šesti i drugi trag govore da ovo dvoje drže pticu i psa. Deseti trag vam govori da vlasnik mačke živi pored Danca koji puši Blend, što znači da on živi u prvoj kući. Budući da je ostalo samo jedno mesto u mreži, znate da je Nemac u kući sa zelenim zidovima sigurno lopov. Vi i policija upadate u kuću, i hvatate lopova na delu. Iako je to objašnjenje jednostavno, rešavanje ovakvih zagonetki često uključuje pogrešne početke i ćorsokake. Trik je delimično u tome da se uzdamo u proces eliminacije i na mnogo pokušavanja i grešenja da otkrijemo prave delove, i što više logičkih zagonetki rešite, vaša intuicija će biti bolja kada i gde bude dovoljno informacija da izvodite vaše zaključke. Da li je mladi Ajnštajn stvarno napisao ovu zagonetku? Verovatno nije. Nema dokaza da je to bio on, i neke marke koje se pominju pojavile su previše skoro. Ipak, logika ovde nije tako drugačija od one koje ste uposlili da rešite jednačine sa više varijabli, čak i one jednačine koje opisuju prirodu univerzuma.