I collaborate with bacteria. And I'm about to show you some stop-motion footage that I made recently where you'll see bacteria accumulating minerals from their environment over the period of an hour.
Ninashirikiana na bacteria ninataka nikuonyeshe kipande cha video ambacho nimetengeneza hivi karibuni ndani yake utaweza kuona bacteria wakikusanya madini kutoka katika mazingira yao ndani ya zaidi ya saa moja
So what you're seeing here is the bacteria metabolizing, and as they do so they create an electrical charge. And this attracts metals from their local environment. And these metals accumulate as minerals on the surface of the bacteria.
Kwa hiyo unachokiona hapa ni bacteria wakiwa wanameng'enya wakati wanafanya hivyo wanatengeneza chaji za umeme. na inavuta metali kutoka katika mazingira ya karibu metali hizi zinajikusanya kama madini katika uso wa wa bacteria
One of the most pervasive problems in the world today for people is inadequate access to clean drinking water. And the desalination process is one where we take out salts. We can use it for drinking and agriculture. Removing the salts from water -- particularly seawater -- through reverse osmosis is a critical technique for countries who do not have access to clean drinking water around the globe.
Moja kati ya matatizo yaliyoenea sana duniani katikati ya watu ni upungufu wa maji safi na salama ya kunywa mchakato wa kuchukua maji na kutoa chumvi ndani yake ili yaweze kutumika kwa ajili ya kunywa na kilimo Kutoa chumvi katika maji na hasa maji ya bahari kupitia mfumo wa kinyume wa osmosis na njia muhimu kwa ajili ya nchi ambazo zina upungufu wa maji safi na salama ya kunywa duniani kote
So seawater reverse osmosis is a membrane-filtration technology. We take the water from the sea and we apply pressure. And this pressure forces the seawater through a membrane. This takes energy, producing clean water. But we're also left with a concentrated salt solution, or brine.
Kwa hiyo utoaji wa chumvi katika maji ya bahari ni teknolojia ya kuchuja kwa kutumia utando Tunachukua maji kutoka baharini na tunayagandamiza katika msukumo mkubwa na mgandamizo huu unayalazimisha maji kupita katika utando Hii inahitaji nguvu kutengeneza maji ya kunywa Lakini hii inaacha nyuma chumvi kali
But the process is very expensive and it's cost-prohibitive for many countries around the globe. And also, the brine that's produced is oftentimes just pumped back out into the sea. And this is detrimental to the local ecology of the sea area that it's pumped back out into.
Mchakato huu ni wa gharama sana gharama ambayo ni kubwa sana kwa nchi nyingi duniani Na pia chumvi inayobaki mara nyingi hurudishwa tena baharini na hali hii si nzuri kwa mazingira ya eneo la baharini chumvi inapotupwa
So I work in Singapore at the moment, and this is a place that's really a leading place for desalination technology. And Singapore proposes by 2060 to produce [900] million liters per day of desalinated water. But this will produce an equally massive amount of desalination brine. And this is where my collaboration with bacteria comes into play.
Kwa hiyo nafanya kazi Singapore kwa sasa Na hili ni eneo ambalo linaongoza kwa utoaji wa chumvi katika maji ya baharini Na Singapore inapendekeza kuwa mpaka mwaka 2060 kutengeneza lita millioni 900 kwa siku za maji yaliyotolewa chumvi Lakini hii itasababisha kiasi kama hicho cha ukubwa cha chumvi Na hapa ndipo ushirikiano wangu na Bacteria unapofanya kazi
So what we're doing at the moment is we're accumulating metals like calcium, potassium and magnesium from out of desalination brine. And this, in terms of magnesium and the amount of water that I just mentioned, equates to a $4.5 billion mining industry for Singapore -- a place that doesn't have any natural resources.
Kwa hiyo tunachofanya kwa sasa ni tunakusanya metali kama Kalsiamu,Potassiamu na Magnesiamu kutoka katika chumvi inayobaki baada ya maji kutolewa chumvi Na hii, kwa Magnesiamu na kiasi cha maji ambacho nimekitaja ina thamani ya Dola za Marekani,Billioni 4.5 kwa mfumo wa madini wa Singapore Sehemu ambayo haina rasilimali zozozte
So I'd like you to image a mining industry in a way that one hasn't existed before; imagine a mining industry that doesn't mean defiling the Earth; imagine bacteria helping us do this by accumulating and precipitating and sedimenting minerals out of desalination brine. And what you can see here is the beginning of an industry in a test tube, a mining industry that is in harmony with nature.
Kwa hiyo ningependa uwaze kuhusu viwanda vya madini katika njia ambayo haijawahi kutokea kabla Fikiria viwanda vya madini ambavyo haviharibu mazingira Fikiria bacteria wakiwa wanatusaidia kufanya hivi kwa kukusanya na kumeng'enya madini kutoka katika chumvi iliyobaki baada ya maji kutolewa chumvi Na utakachokmiona hapa ni mwanzo wa viwanda ,viwanda vya madini ambavyo vitaendana na mazingira
Thank you.
Asante Sana
(Applause)
(Makofi)