You know, my favorite part of being a dad is the movies I get to watch. I love sharing my favorite movies with my kids, and when my daughter was four, we got to watch "The Wizard of Oz" together. It totally dominated her imagination for months. Her favorite character was Glinda, of course. It gave her a great excuse to wear a sparkly dress and carry a wand.
Znate, najdraža strana očinstva su mi filmovi koje gledam. Volim dijeliti svoje najdraže filmove sa svojom djecom. Kad mi je kći imala četiri godine zajedno smo gledali "Čarobnjaka iz Oza". Mjesecima je potpuno vladao njenom maštom. Njen najdraži lik bila je Glinda. To joj je bio dobar izgovor za nošenje haljine sa šljokicama i čarobnog štapića.
But you watch that movie enough times, and you start to realize how unusual it is. Now we live today, and are raising our children, in a kind of children's-fantasy-spectacular-industrial complex. But "The Wizard of Oz" stood alone. It did not start that trend. Forty years later was when the trend really caught on, with, interestingly, another movie that featured a metal guy and a furry guy rescuing a girl by dressing up as the enemy's guards. Do you know what I'm talking about? (Laughter) Yeah.
Kad više puta pogledate neki film shvatite koliko je neobičan. U današnje vrijeme živimo i odgajamo djecu u jednoj vrsti industrijskog kompleksa usmjerenog na dječju maštu i spektakl. No, "Čarobnjak iz Oza" se izdvajao. Nije započeo taj trend. Taj trend se raširio 40 godina kasnije, zahvaljujući drugom filmu koji je uključivao metalnog tipa i dlakavog tipa koji su preobučeni u neprijateljsku stražu spašavali djevojku. Znate o čemu govorim? (Smijeh) Da.
Now, there's a big difference between these two movies, a couple of really big differences between "The Wizard of Oz" and all the movies we watch today. One is there's very little violence in "The Wizard of Oz." The monkeys are rather aggressive, as are the apple trees. But I think if "The Wizard of Oz" were made today, the wizard would say, "Dorothy, you are the savior of Oz that the prophecy foretold. Use your magic slippers to defeat the computer-generated armies of the Wicked Witch." But that's not how it happens.
Velika je razlika između ova dva filma, poatoji nekoliko velikih razlika između "Čarobnjaka iz Oza" i svih filmova koje gledamo danas. Jedna je ta što u "Čarobnjaku iz Oza" ima jako malo nasilja. Majmuni su agresivni koliko i stabla jabuka. Da je "Čarobnjak iz Oza" napravljen u današnje vrijeme, čarobnjak bi rekao "Dorothy, ti si spasiteljica Oza koju je najavilo proročanstvo. Upotrijebi svoje čarobne cipele kako bi porazila kompjuterski generiranu vojsku Zle vještice." No, to se ne događa.
Another thing that's really unique about "The Wizard of Oz" to me is that all of the most heroic and wise and even villainous characters are female.
Druga posebnost "Čarobnjaka iz Oza" za mene jest ta što su svi najhrabriji i najmudriji, pa čak i najnegativniji likovi ženski.
Now I started to notice this when I actually showed "Star Wars" to my daughter, which was years later, and the situation was different. At that point I also had a son. He was only three at the time. He was not invited to the screening. He was too young for that. But he was the second child, and the level of supervision had plummeted. (Laughter) So he wandered in, and it imprinted on him like a mommy duck does to its duckling, and I don't think he understands what's going on, but he is sure soaking in it.
Počeo sam to primjećivati kada sam kćeri pokazao "Zvjezdane ratove", što je bilo dosta godina kasnije i situacija je bila posve drukčija. U tom periodu sam imao i sina. Tada je imao samo tri godine. Nije smio gledati film. Bio je premalen za to. No, kako je bio drugo dijete, razina nadzora brzo je pala. (Smijeh) I tako je zalutao u sobu i film se utisnuo u njega kao što majka patka obilježuje svoje pače. Mislim da ne razumije što se događa, no on zasigurno upija sve to.
And I wonder what he's soaking in. Is he picking up on the themes of courage and perseverance and loyalty? Is he picking up on the fact that Luke joins an army to overthrow the government? Is he picking up on the fact that there are only boys in the universe except for Aunt Beru, and of course this princess, who's really cool, but who kind of waits around through most of the movie so that she can award the hero with a medal and a wink to thank him for saving the universe, which he does by the magic that he was born with?
Pitam se što to točno on upija. Usvaja li on teme hrabrosti, ustrajnosti i odanosti? Usvaja li on činjenicu da se Luke priključuje vojsci kako bi svrgnuo vladu? Usvaja li on činjenicu da u svemiru postoje samo momci, osim tete Beru i kraljevne, koja je odlična, ali većinu filma provede čekajući kako bi junaka nagradila medaljom i migom, ne bi li mu zahvalila što je spasio svemir, što je on i učinio uz pomoć magije s kojom je bio rođen?
Compare this to 1939 with "The Wizard of Oz." How does Dorothy win her movie? By making friends with everybody and being a leader. That's kind of the world I'd rather raise my kids in -- Oz, right? -- and not the world of dudes fighting, which is where we kind of have to be. Why is there so much Force -- capital F, Force -- in the movies we have for our kids, and so little yellow brick road?
Usporedite to s 1939. godinom i "Čarobnjakom iz Oza". Kako je Dorothy pobijedila u svom filmu? Tako što se sprijateljila sa svima i postala vođa. U takvom svijetu bih radije odgajao svoju djecu. Ozu, a ne u svijetu u kojem se momci biju i u kojem moramo živjeti. Zašto ima toliko mnogo Sile --veliko S, Sile -- u filmovima za našu djecu, a toliko malo žute ciglane ceste?
There is a lot of great writing about the impact that the boy-violent movie has on girls, and you should do that reading. It's very good. I haven't read as much on how boys are picking up on this vibe. I know from my own experience that Princess Leia did not provide the adequate context that I could have used in navigating the adult world that is co-ed. (Laughter) I think there was a first-kiss moment when I really expected the credits to start rolling because that's the end of the movie, right? I finished my quest, I got the girl. Why are you still standing there? I don't know what I'm supposed to do.
Puno je dobrih radova o tome kako nasilni filmovi s muškim likovima utječu na djevojčice. Trebali biste ih pročitati. Veoma su dobri. Nisam toliko puno čitao o tome kako to utječe na dječake. Iz iskustva znam da kraljevna Leia nije pružila odgovarajući primjer koji bih bio mogao korisiti u pojašnjavanju svijeta odraslih u kojem su oba spola jednako prisutna. (Smijeh) Čini mi se da sam u trenu kada se odvijao prvi poljubac u filmu očekivao da će započeti odjavna špica jer je poljubac označavao kraj filma, zar ne? "Završio sam potragu. Osvojio djevojku." "Zašto još stojite tamo?" "Ne znam što bih trebao učiniti."
The movies are very, very focused on defeating the villain and getting your reward, and there's not a lot of room for other relationships and other journeys. It's almost as though if you're a boy, you are a dopey animal, and if you are a girl, you should bring your warrior costume. There are plenty of exceptions, and I will defend the Disney princesses in front of any you. But they do send a message to boys, that they are not, the boys are not really the target audience. They are doing a phenomenal job of teaching girls how to defend against the patriarchy, but they are not necessarily showing boys how they're supposed to defend against the patriarchy. There's no models for them. And we also have some terrific women who are writing new stories for our kids, and as three-dimensional and delightful as Hermione and Katniss are, these are still war movies. And, of course, the most successful studio of all time continues to crank out classic after classic, every single one of them about the journey of a boy, or a man, or two men who are friends, or a man and his son, or two men who are raising a little girl. Until, as many of you are thinking, this year, when they finally came out with "Brave." I recommend it to all of you. It's on demand now. Do you remember what the critics said when "Brave" came out? "Aw, I can't believe Pixar made a princess movie." It's very good. Don't let that stop you.
Ovi su filmovi snažno usmjereni na pobjeđivanje negativaca i osvajanje nagrade. Nema mnogo prostora za druge vrste odnosa i putovanja. Gotovo da govore da su momci blesave životinje, a da bi djevojke trebale sa sobom nositi ratnički kostim. Postoji mnogo izuzetaka, a ja ću braniti disneyjeve kraljevne pred bilo kime. Ali, one ipak šalju poruku dječacima da oni zapravo nisu ciljana publika. Izvanredno podučavaju djevojčice kako se boriti protiv patrijarhata, ali ne pokazuju nužno i dječacima kako bi se oni trebali obraniti od nje. Za njih nema uzora. Postoje sjajne žene koje pišu nove priče za našu djecu. No, koliko god da su Hermiona i Katniss slojevite i divne, ipak su likovi ratnih filmova. I, naravno, najuspješniji filmski studio svih vremena i dalje izbacuje klasik za klasikom. Svaki od njih je o putovanju dječaka, ili muškarca, ili dva prijatelja, ili oca i sina, ili dva muškarca koji odgajaju djevojčicu. Sve do ove godine kada je napokon izašao film "Merida Hrabra". Preporučam ga svima. Dostupan je i kao video on demand (na zahtjev). Sjećate li se što su rekli kritičari kad je "Merida Hrabra" izišla? "Ne možemo vjerovati da je Pixar napravio film s kraljevnom." Nemojte da vas to obeshrabri. Film je jako dobar.
Now, almost none of these movies pass the Bechdel Test. I don't know if you've heard of this. It has not yet caught on and caught fire, but maybe today we will start a movement. Alison Bechdel is a comic book artist, and back in the mid-'80s, she recorded this conversation she'd had with a friend about assessing the movies that they saw. And it's very simple. There's just three questions you should ask:
Gotovo nijedan od ovih filmova nije prošao Bechdel test. Ne znam jeste li čuli za to. Još nije postalo jako poznato i popularno, no možda danas započnemo pokret. Allison Bechdel je crtačica stripova. Sredinom 1980-ih snimila je razgovor s prijateljicom o ocjenjivanju filmova koje su pogledale. Jako je jednostavan. Treba postaviti tri pitanja.
Is there more than one character in the movie that is female who has lines? So try to meet that bar.
Postoji li u filmu više od jednog lika koji je ženski i ima tekst. Pokušajte zadovoljiti taj kriterij.
And do these women talk to each other at any point in the movie?
Razgovaraju li te žene međusobno tijekom filma?
And is their conversation about something other than the guy that they both like? (Laughter)
Je li tema njihova razgovora nešto drugo osim tipa koji im se objema sviđa. (Smijeh)
Right? Thank you. (Applause) Thank you very much.
Zar ne? Hvala. (Pljesak) Puno vam hvala.
Two women who exist and talk to each other about stuff. It does happen. I've seen it, and yet I very rarely see it in the movies that we know and love.
Dvije žene koje postoje i razgovaraju o drugim temama. To se događa. Uvjerio sam se. Ipak, vrlo rijetko to viđam u filmovima koje znamo i volimo.
In fact, this week I went to see a very high-quality movie, "Argo." Right? Oscar buzz, doing great at the box office, a consensus idea of what a quality Hollywood film is. It pretty much flunks the Bechdel test. And I don't think it should, because a lot of the movie, I don't know if you've seen it, but a lot of the movie takes place in this embassy where men and women are hiding out during the hostage crisis. We've got quite a few scenes of the men having deep, angst-ridden conversations in this hideout, and the great moment for one of the actresses is to peek through the door and say, "Are you coming to bed, honey?" That's Hollywood for you.
Ovaj tjedan pogledao sam vrlo kvalitetan film, "Argo". Kandidat za Oscara, odlično prolazi u kinima, primjer kvalitetnog Hollywoodskog filma. Ali ne prolazi Bechdel test. Ne bi ni trebao, jer velik dio filma - ne znam jeste li ga pogledali - ali, veliki dio filma se odvija u veleposlanstvu gdje se muškarci i žene skrivaju tijekom talačke krize. Jako je puno prizora u kojima muškarci vode duboke, tjeskobne razgovore u tom skrovištu, a veliki trenutak za jednu od glumica je kada proviri iza vrata i upita "Dolaziš li u krevet, dušo?" To vam je Hollywood.
So let's look at the numbers. 2011, of the 100 most popular movies, how many of them do you think actually have female protagonists? Eleven. It's not bad. It's not as many percent as the number of women we've just elected to Congress, so that's good. But there is a number that is greater than this that's going to bring this room down.
Pogledajmo brojke. 2011. godine, od 100 najpopularnijih filmova, koliko mislite da je imalo glavne ženske likove? Jedanaest. Nije loše. Nije jednako procentu žena koje smo upravo izabrali za Kongres. No, postoji jedan veći broj koji će vas zaprepastiti.
Last year, The New York Times published a study that the government had done. Here's what it said. One out of five women in America say that they have been sexually assaulted some time in their life.
Prošle godine, New York Times objavio je studiju koju je provela vlada. Evo što je pisalo. Jedna od pet žena u Americi kaže da je tijekom života bila seksualno napastovana.
Now, I don't think that's the fault of popular entertainment. I don't think kids' movies have anything to do with that. I don't even think that music videos or pornography are really directly related to that, but something is going wrong, and when I hear that statistic, one of the things I think of is that's a lot of sexual assailants. Who are these guys? What are they learning? What are they failing to learn? Are they absorbing the story that a male hero's job is to defeat the villain with violence and then collect the reward, which is a woman who has no friends and doesn't speak? Are we soaking up that story?
Ne smatram da je za to kriva popularna zabava i da dječji filmovi imaju ikakve veze s time. Čak ne smatram da su glazbeni spotovi i pornografija izravno povezani s time. No, nešto ne štima i kada čujem te brojke, jedna od stvari na koje pomislim jest da ima mnogo seksualnih napadača. Tko su ti tipovi? Što to oni uče? Što to ne uspijevaju naučiti? Usvajaju li oni priču kako je zadatak muškog junaka poraziti negativca nasiljem, a potom pokupiti nagradu, koja je žena bez prijatelja i koja ne govori? Upijamo li mi tu priču?
You know, as a parent with the privilege of raising a daughter like all of you who are doing the same thing, we find this world and this statistic very alarming and we want to prepare them. We have tools at our disposal like "girl power," and we hope that that will help, but I gotta wonder, is girl power going to protect them if, at the same time, actively or passively, we are training our sons to maintain their boy power? I mean, I think the Netflix queue is one way that we can do something very important, and I'm talking mainly to the dads here. I think we have got to show our sons a new definition of manhood.
Znate, kao roditelj koji ima povlasticu odgajati kćer, kao i svi vi koji to radite, smatramo ovaj svijet i ove brojke vrlo uznemirujućima i želimo ih pripremiti. Na raspolaganju su nam alati poput "girl power", i nadamo se da će nam to pomoći. No moram se upitati, hoće li ih "girl power" zaštititi ako, u isto vrijeme, aktivno ili pasivno učimo svoje sinove da očuvaju svoj "boy power"? Mislim da je Netflix queue jedan od načina da postignemo nešto vrlo važno, a ovdje se posebno obraćam očevima. Mislim da trebamo pokazati sinovima novu definiciju muškosti.
The definition of manhood is already turning upside down. You've read about how the new economy is changing the roles of caregiver and wage earner. They're throwing it up in the air. So our sons are going to have to find some way of adapting to this, some new relationship with each other, and I think we really have to show them, and model for them, how a real man is someone who trusts his sisters and respects them, and wants to be on their team, and stands up against the real bad guys, who are the men who want to abuse the women. And I think our job in the Netflix queue is to look out for those movies that pass the Bechdel Test, if we can find them, and to seek out the heroines who are there, who show real courage, who bring people together, and to nudge our sons to identify with those heroines and to say, "I want to be on their team," because they're going to be on their team.
Ta se definicija već izvrće naglavačke. Čitali ste kako novi gospodarski sustav mijenja uloge odgajatelja i privređivača. Sve se to izvrće. Naći će sinovi stoga trebati pronaći način da se tome prilagode, neku novu vezu među sobom. Mislim da je na nama da im pokažemo, da im budemo uzor, kako je pravi muškarac netko tko vjeruje svojim sestrama, poštuje ih, želi biti na njihovoj strani i koji će se usprotiviti pravim negativcima, a to su muškarci koji žele zlostavljati žene. Naš posao u Netflix queueu jest da potražimo filmove koji prolaze Bechdel test, ako ih možemo pronaći, i da potražimo junakinje koje postoje, koje pokazuju istinsku hrabrost i spajaju ljude te da potaknemo svoje sinove da se poistovjete s tim junakinjama i da kažu "Želim biti na njihovoj strani", jer će one biti na njihovoj strani.
When I asked my daughter who her favorite character was in "Star Wars," do you know what she said? Obi-Wan. Obi-Wan Kenobi and Glinda. What do these two have in common? Maybe it's not just the sparkly dress. I think these people are experts. I think these are the two people in the movie who know more than anybody else, and they love sharing their knowledge with other people to help them reach their potential. Now, they are leaders. I like that kind of quest for my daughter, and I like that kind of quest for my son. I want more quests like that. I want fewer quests where my son is told, "Go out and fight it alone," and more quests where he sees that it's his job to join a team, maybe a team led by women, to help other people become better and be better people, like the Wizard of Oz. Thank you.
Kada sam pitao kćer tko joj je najdraži lik iz "Zvjezdanih ratova", znate li što mi je rekla? Obi-Wan. Obi-Wan Kenobi i Glinda. Što ovo dvoje imaju zajedničko? Možda ne samo šljokičastu haljinu. Njih dvoje su stručnjaci. To je dvoje ljudi koji znaju više od ikoga drugog u filmu i vole dijeliti svoje znanje s drugima kako bi im pomogli da dosegnu svoj potencijal. Oni su vođe. Sviđa mi se takva zadaća za moju kćer, a i za mog sina. Volio bih da je više takvih zadaća. Želio bio da je manje onih zadaća koje govore mom sinu "Idi i bori se sam", a više onih gdje vidi da je njegov zadatak pridružiti se ekipi, koju možda predvode žene, kako bi pomogao drugima da postanu i budu bolji ljudi, poput Čarobnjaka iz Oza. Hvala.