In recent years, we have seen a considerable resurgence of interest in space activities. In particular our understanding of what ‘can’ be achieved has been radically transformed by technological progress. Yet, the question of what ‘should’ be achieved is equally, if not more, important. This talk breaks down the moral and legal questions which underscore the New Space Age. Starting with the seemingly simple question of ‘Who owns the moon?’, this talk delves into the many ethical and legal intricacies of space exploration, space mining and future interplanetary colonisation.