Hi. I'm going to ask you to raise your arms and wave back, just the way I am -- kind of a royal wave. You can mimic what you can see. You can program the hundreds of muscles in your arm. Soon, you'll be able to look inside your brain and program, control the hundreds of brain areas that you see there. I'm going to tell you about that technology.
Bok. Zamolit ću vas da podignete ruke i mašete, ovako kao ja – kraljevski. Možete oponašati ono što vidite. Možete programirati stotine mišića u svojoj ruci. A ubrzo, moći ćete pogledati u svoj mozak i programirati, kontrolirati stotine moždanih regija koje tamo vidite. Pričat ću vam o toj tehnologiji.
People have wanted to look inside the human mind, the human brain, for thousands of years. Well, coming out of the research labs just now, for our generation, is the possibility to do that. People envision this as being very difficult. You had to take a spaceship, shrink it down, inject it into the bloodstream. It was terribly dangerous. (Laughter) You could be attacked by white blood cells in the arteries. But now, we have a real technology to do this.
Ljudi su u ljudski um i ljudski mozak htjeli pogledati već tisućama godina. Iz istraživačkih laboratorija našoj generaciji upravo stiže mogućnost to učiniti. Ljudi misle da je to jako teško. Morali ste uzeti svemirski brod, smanjiti ga i ubrizgati ga u krvotok. Bilo je strašno opasno. Mogle su vas napasti bijele krvne stanice u arterijama. Ali sada imamo pravu tehnologiju za to.
We're going to fly into my colleague Peter's brain. We're going to do it non-invasively using MRI. We don't have to inject anything. We don't need radiation. We will be able to fly into the anatomy of Peter's brain -- literally, fly into his body -- but more importantly, we can look into his mind. When Peter moves his arm, that yellow spot you see there is the interface to the functioning of Peter's mind taking place. Now you've seen before that with electrodes you can control robotic arms, that brain imaging and scanners can show you the insides of brains. What's new is that that process has typically taken days or months of analysis. We've collapsed that through technology to milliseconds, and that allows us to let Peter to look at his brain in real time as he's inside the scanner. He can look at these 65,000 points of activation per second. If he can see this pattern in his own brain, he can learn how to control it.
Uletjet ćemo u mozak mog kolege Petera. Učinit ćemo to neinvazivno koristeći MRI. Ne moramo ništa ubrizgati. Ne treba nam radijacija. Moći ćemo uletjeti u anatomiju Peterovog mozga – doslovno uletjeti u njegovo tijelo – ali još važnije, možemo pogledati unutar njegovog uma. Kada Peter pomakne svoju ruku, ova žuta točka je mjesto gdje Peterov um obavlja tu funkciju. Već ste vidjeli da se uz pomoć elektroda mogu kontrolirati robotske ruke, da snimanje i skeniranje mozga može pokazati unutrašnjost mozga. Za taj posao su trebali dani ili mjeseci analize. Nova tehnologija smanjuje to vrijeme na milisekunde. To omogućuje Peteru da gleda svoj mozak u stvarnom vremenu dok je u procesu skeniranja. Može gledati u ovih 65,000 pobuđenih točaka u sekundi. Ako može vidjeti taj uzorak u svom mozgu, može naučiti kontrolirati ga.
There have been three ways to try to impact the brain: the therapist's couch, pills and the knife. This is a fourth alternative that you are soon going to have. We all know that as we form thoughts, they form deep channels in our minds and in our brains. Chronic pain is an example. If you burn yourself, you pull your hand away. But if you're still in pain in six months' or six years' time, it's because these circuits are producing pain that's no longer helping you. If we can look at the activation in the brain that's producing the pain, we can form 3D models and watch in real time the brain process information, and then we can select the areas that produce the pain. So put your arms back up and flex your bicep.
Do sada se na mozak moglo utjecati na tri načina: psihijatrijski kauč, lijekovi i nož. Ovo je četvrta mogućnost koju ćete uskoro imati. Znamo da oblikovanjem misli one oblikuju dubinske kanale u našem umu i mozgu. Primjerice, kronična bol. Ako se opečete, odmah odmičete ruku. Ali ako ste u bolovima sljedećih šest mjeseci ili šest godina, to je iz razloga što ti spojevi stvaraju bol koja vam više ne pomaže. Ako možemo vidjeti aktivnost u mozgu koja stvara bol, možemo oblikovati 3D modele i promatrati u stvarnom vremenu kako mozak obrađuje informaciju. Onda možemo prepoznati područja koja stvaraju bol. Podignite sad ruku gore i stegnite biceps.
Now imagine that you will soon be able to look inside your brain and select brain areas to do that same thing. What you're seeing here is, we've selected the pathways in the brain of a chronic pain patient. This may shock you, but we're literally reading this person's brain in real time. They're watching their own brain activation, and they're controlling the pathway that produces their pain. They're learning to flex this system that releases their own endogenous opiates. As they do it, in the upper left is a display that's yoked to their brain activation of their own pain being controlled. When they control their brain, they can control their pain. This is an investigational technology, but, in clinical trials, we're seeing a 44 to 64 percent decrease in chronic pain patients.
Zamislite da ćete uskoro moći gledati u svoj mozak i odabrati područja mozga koja će napraviti tu istu stvar. Ovdje vidite moždane putove u mozgu pacijenta s kroničnom boli. Možda će vas šokirati, ali doslovno čitamo mozak te osobe u stvarnom vremenu. Oni gledaju svoju osobnu moždanu aktivnost te kontroliraju putove koji stvaraju njihovu bol. Uče kako poticati sustav koji otpušta njihove vlastite, endogene opijate. Dok to rade, gore lijevo se prikazuje njihova moždana aktivnost i kontrole njihove boli. Dok kontroliraju svoj mozak, mogu kontrolirati svoju bol. Ovo je tehnologija koja se istražuje, ali u kliničkim pokusima smo primjetili 44 do 64 posto smanjenja kronične boli pacijenata.
This is not "The Matrix." You can only do this to yourself. You take control. I've seen inside my brain. You will too, soon. When you do, what do you want to control? You will be able to look at all the aspects that make you yourself, all your experiences. These are some of the areas we're working on today that I don't have time to go into in detail. But I want to leave with you the big question. We are the first generation that's going to be able to enter into, using this technology, the human mind and brain. Where will we take it?
Ovo nije «Matrix». Možete to učiniti samo na sebi. Vi preuzimate kontrolu. Gledao sam unutar svog mozga. I vi ćete, uskoro. Kada uđete unutra, što želite kontrolirati? Moći ćete pogledati sve strane koje čine vašu osobnost, sva vaša iskustva. Ovo su neka područja na kojima danas radimo, no nemamo sada vremena ulaziti u detalje. Ali želim vam ostaviti veliko pitanje. Mi smo prva generacija koja će moći ući unutar uma i mozga koristeći tehnologiju. Kako ćemo to upotrijebiti?