I'm going to take you on a journey very quickly. To explain the wish, I'm going to have to take you somewhere where many people haven't been, and that's around the world. When I was about 24 years old, Kate Stohr and myself started an organization to get architects and designers involved in humanitarian work, not only about responding to natural disasters, but involved in systemic issues. We believe that where the resources and expertise are scarce, innovative, sustainable design can really make a difference in people's lives.
Ubrzo ću vas povesti na putovanje. Da bih objasnio svoju želju, moraću da vas povedem negde gde mnogo ljudi nije nikada bilo, a to je na put oko sveta. Kada sam imao oko 24 godine, Kejt Stor i ja osnovali smo organizaciju da bismo uključili dizajnere i arhitekte u humanitarni rad. Ne samo kada se radi o prirodnim nepogodama, već da ih uključimo u sistemska pitanja. Verovali smo da tamo gde nedostaju sredstva i stručnost, inovativni, održivi dizajn može zaista da promeni ljudske živote.
So I started my life as an architect, or training as an architect, and I was always interested in socially responsible design, and how you can really make an impact. But when I went to architecture school, it seemed that I was a black sheep in the family. Many architects seemed to think that when you design, you design a jewel, and it's a jewel that you try and crave for; whereas I felt that when you design, you either improve or you create a detriment to the community in which you're designing. So you're not just doing a building for the residents or for the people who are going to use it, but for the community as a whole.
Tako je sve počelo – započeo sam život kao arhitekta, to jest svoje obrazovanje kao arhitekta, i uvek me je zanimao društveno odgovoran pristup dizajnu, i to kako se stvarno može uticati na stvari. Ali kada sam upisao arhitekturu, izgledalo je da sam crna ovca u porodici. Izgledalo je da mnogi arhitekti smatraju da kada se projektuje, projektuje se dragulj i to je dragulj koji želite i kome stremite. S druge strane ja sam osećao da kada projektujete vi ili poboljšavate ili unazađujete zajednicu za koju projektujete. Tako da ne projektujete zgradu samo za njene stanare ili za ljude koji će je koristiti, već i za celokupnu zajednicu.
And in 1999, we started by responding to the issue of the housing crisis for returning refugees in Kosovo. And I didn't know what I was doing -- like I said, mid-20s -- and I'm the Internet generation, so we started a website. We put a call out there, and to my surprise, in a couple of months, we had hundreds of entries from around the world. That led to a number of prototypes being built and really experimenting with some ideas. Two years later we started doing a project on developing mobile health clinics in sub-Saharan Africa, responding to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. That led to 550 entries from 53 countries. We also have designers from around the world that participate. And we had an exhibit of work that followed that. 2004 was the tipping point for us. We started responding to natural disasters and getting involved in Iran, in Bam, also following up on our work in Africa.
Sa radom smo počeli 1999. godine odgovarajući na problem smeštaja za izbeglice koje su se vraćale na Kosovo; nisam tačno znao šta radim, imao sam, kao što rekoh, nešto više od 20 godina, i pripadam internet-generaciji, tako da smo počeli sa veb-sajtom. Objavili smo poziv na sajtu i na moje iznenađenje kroz par meseci imali smo stotine odgovora iz celog sveta. To je dovelo do građenja određenog broja prototipa i stvarnog eksperimentisanja sa nekim idejama. Dve godine kasnije započeli smo projekat razvoja mobilnih zdravstvenih klinika u podsaharskoj Africi, kao odgovor na pandemiju HIVa/AIDSa. Iz 53 zemlje stiglo je 550 predloga. Učestvovali su dizajneri iz celog sveta. A inicijativu je pratila i izložba radova. 2004. je za nas bila prekretnica. Počeli smo da odgovaramo na prirodne nepogode i da se uključujemo u Iranu i Bamu, kao i da nastavimo da pratimo svoj rad u Africi.
Working within the United States -- most people look at poverty and they see the face of a foreigner. But I live in Bozeman, Montana -- go up to the north plains on the reservations, or go down to Alabama or Mississippi, pre-Katrina, and I could have shown you places that have far worse conditions than many developing countries that I've been to. So we got involved in and worked in inner cities and elsewhere;
Naš rad u Sjedinjenim Državama -- većina ljudi kada misli o siromaštvu zamišlja lica stranaca, ali da ste otišli da živite -- ja živim u Bozemanu u Montani -- da ste otišli u severne ravnice u rezervatima, ili dole u Alabamu ili Misisipi pre uragana Katrina, mogao bih da vam pokažem mesta gde su životni uslovi daleko gori nego u mnogim zemljama u razvoju u kojima sam bio. Uključili smo se i radili u gradskim centrima i na drugim mestima.
and also, I will go into some more projects. 2005: Mother Nature kicked our ass. I think we can pretty much assume that 2005 was a horrific year when it comes to natural disasters. And because of the Internet, and because of connections to blogs and so forth, within literally hours of the tsunami, we were already raising funds, getting involved, working with people on the ground. We run from a couple of laptops, and in the first couple of days, I had 4,000 emails from people needing help. So we began to get involved in projects there, and I'll talk about some others. And then of course, this year we've been responding to Katrina, as well as following up on our reconstruction work.
Pričaću takođe još o nekim projektima. 2005. majka priroda nas je propisno isprašila. Mislim da manje-više možemo da pođemo od toga da je 2005. bila užasna godina što se tiče prirodnih nepogoda. A kako postoji internet, i ljudi su povezani na blogovima i slično, bukvalno par sati posle cunamija već smo skupljali sredstva, povezivali se i radili sa ljudima na licu mesta. Prvih nekoliko dana radili smo sa nekoliko laptop računara, dobio sam 4000 mejlova od ljudi kojima je bila potrebna pomoć. Tako smo počeli sa tamošnjim projektima, i govoriću o još nekima od njih. I onda, naravno, ove godine odazvali smo se na probleme prouzrokovane Katrinom i nastavili sa praćenjem našeg rada na rekonstrukciji.
So this is a brief overview. In 2004, I really couldn't manage the number of people who wanted to help, or the number of requests that I was getting. It was all coming into my laptop and cell phone. So we decided to embrace an open-source model of business -- so that anyone, anywhere in the world, could start a local chapter, and they can get involved in local problems. Because I believe there is no such thing as Utopia. All problems are local. All solutions are local. So that means, you know, somebody who's based in Mississippi knows more about Mississippi than I do. So what happened is, we used Meetup and all these other Internet tools, and we ended up having 40 chapters starting up, thousands of architects in 104 countries. So the bullet point -- sorry, I never do a suit, so I knew that I was going to take this off. OK, because I'm going to do it very quick.
Ovo je kratak pregled. 2004. zaista nisam mogao da se snađem sa brojem ljudi koji su želeli da pomognu, a ni sa brojem zahteva koje sam dobijao. Sve je stizalo na moj laptop i mobilni telefon. Tako smo odlučili da prihvatimo otvoreni -- open source model poslovanja, tako da bilo ko, bilo gde u svetu, može da otvori lokalni ogranak, i da se uključi u rešavanje lokalnih problema. Ne verujem da postoji Utopija. Svi problemi su lokalni. Sva rešenja su lokalna. To znači da neko ko živi u Misisipiju zna više o Misisipiju od mene. Ono što se dalje dogodilo jeste da smo koristili MeetUp i razne druge vrste Internet alata, i došlo je do toga da je osnovano 40 ogranaka, sa hiljadama arhitekata u 104 zemlje. Tako da je suština -- izvinite, nikada ne nosim odelo, znao sam da ću na kraju morati ovo da skinem. U redu, brzo ću.
This isn't just about nonprofit. What it showed me is that there's a grassroots movement going on, of socially responsible designers who really believe that this world has got a lot smaller, and that we have the opportunity -- not the responsibility, but the opportunity -- to really get involved in making change.
Tako da se u poslednjih sedam godina ovde ne radi samo o neprofitnoj organizaciji. Shvatio sam da je stvoren građanski pokret društveno odgovornih dizajnera koji zaista veruju da je svet postao mnogo manji i da mi imamo priliku – ne odgovornost, već priliku – da se zaista uključimo u stvaranje promena.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
(Laughter)
I'm adding that to my time.
Ovo dodajem na vreme.
(Laughter)
Ono što ne znate je da
So what you don't know is, we've got these thousands of designers working around the world, connected basically by a website, and we have a staff of three. The fact that nobody told us we couldn't do it, we did it. And so there's something to be said about naïveté. So seven years later, we've developed so that we've got advocacy, instigation and implementation. We advocate for good design, not only through student workshops and lectures and public forums, op-eds; we have a book on humanitarian work; but also disaster mitigation and dealing with public policy. We can talk about FEMA, but that's another talk. Instigation, developing ideas with communities and NGOs, doing open-source design competitions. Referring, matchmaking with communities. And then implementing -- actually going out there and doing the work, because when you invent, it's never a reality until it's built. So it's really important that if we're designing and trying to create change, we build that change.
imamo na hiljade dizajnera koji rade u celom svetu i praktično su povezani kroz vebsajt, a mi imamo samo tri zaposlena. Radimo nešto jer nam niko nije rekao da ne možemo to da uradimo -- -- pa smo uradili! Tako da ima nešto da se kaže i o naivnosti. Sedam godina od tada, razvili smo se i sada se bavimo i zaštitom prava, podsticanjem inicijativa i njihovim sprovođenjem. Promovišemo kvalitetno projektovanje, ne samo kroz studentske radionice, predavanja i javne forume, članke, imamo i knjigu o humanitarnom radu, bavimo se i ublažavanjem posledica prirodnih nepogoda kao i javnim politikama. Možemo da razgovaramo i o agenciji FEMA (Američka državna agencija za vanredne situacije), ali to je već druga priča. Podsticanje inicijativa, razvoj ideja sa zajednicama i nevladinim organizacijama, organizovanje open source konkursa. Upućivanje, povezivanje sa zajednicama a onda sprovođenje – odlazak na lice mesta i završavanje poslova, jer kada se bavite izumima, oni postaju stvarnost tek kada ih sagradite. Tako da je veoma važno da ako projektujemo i pokušavamo da napravimo promene, da zaista izgradimo te promene.
So here's a select number of projects. Kosovo. This is Kosovo in '99. We did an open design competition, like I said. It led to a whole variety of ideas. And this wasn't about emergency shelter, but transitional shelter that would last five to 10 years, that would be placed next to the land the resident lived in, and that they would rebuild their own home. This wasn't imposing an architecture on a community; this was giving them the tools and the space to allow them to rebuild and regrow the way they want to. We had from the sublime to the ridiculous, but they worked. This is an inflatable hemp house. It was built; it works.
Evo jednog broja naših projekata. Kosovo. Ovo je Kosovo 1999. Organizovali smo otvoreni konkurs, kao što sam već rekao. To je dovelo do raznih ideja, ovde se nije radilo o hitnom privremenom smeštaju, već o prelaznom smeštaju koji bi trajao pet do dest godina, koji bi bio podignut pored zemlje na kojoj je stanovnik ranije živeo, i na kojoj bi on ponovo sagradio sopstvenu kuću. Ovde nije bilo u pitanju nametanje arhitekture zajednici, već obezbeđivanje alata i prostora koji bi im dozvolili da ponovo grade i razviju se na način na koji oni to žele. Rešenja se kreću od uzvišenih do smešnih, ali funkcionišu. Ovo je kuća na naduvavanje od konoplje. Napravljena je, funkcioniše.
This is a shipping container. Built and works. And a whole variety of ideas that not only dealt with architectural building, but also the issues of governance, and the idea of creating communities through complex networks.
A ovo je brodski kontejner. Napravljen je i radi. Tu je i čitav niz ideja koje se nisu bavile samo arhitekturom objekata, već i problemima uprave kao i ideja stvaranja zajednice kroz složene mreže povezivanja.
So we've engaged not just designers, but also a whole variety of technology-based professionals. Using rubble from destroyed homes to create new homes. Using straw bale construction, creating heat walls. And then something remarkable happened in '99.
Nismo uključili samo projektante već i razne druge stručnjake koji se bave tehnologijom. Korišćenje krša od srušenih kuća za gradnju novih. Korišćenje slamnatih bala, zidnog grejanja. A onda se 1999. desilo nešto izuzetno vredno pažnje.
We went to Africa originally to look at the housing issue. Within three days, we realized the problem was not housing; it was the growing pandemic of HIV/AIDS. And it wasn't doctors telling us this; it was actual villagers that we were staying with. And so we came up with the bright idea that instead of getting people to walk 10, 15 kilometers to see doctors, you get the doctors to the people. And we started engaging the medical community, and you know, we thought we were real bright sparks -- "We've come up with this great idea: mobile health clinics, widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa." And the medical community there said, "We've said this for the last decade. We know this. We just don't know how to show this." So in a way, we had taken pre-existing needs and shown solutions. And so again, we had a whole variety of ideas that came in.
Otišli smo u Afriku sa idejom da rešavamo problem stanovanja. Za samo tri dana shvatili smo da problem nije u stanovanju, nego u rastućoj pandemiji HIVa/AIDSa. Nisu nam to govorili lekari, nego seljani kod kojih smo bili smešteni. Tako smo došli na sjajnu ideju da umesto da teramo ljude da hodaju po 10, 15 kilometara da bi otišli kod lekara, da umesto toga lekare dovedemo do ljudi. U to smo uključili i zdravstvene radnike. I mislio sam, znate, mislili smo da smo da smo strašno pametni, da smo genijalci jer smo smislili ovu fantastičnu ideju, mobilne zdravstvene klinike koje bi bile široko primenjene u celoj podsaharskoj Africi. A tamošnji zdravstveni radnici su nam rekli: “To pričamo već deset godina. Mi to znamo. Samo ne znamo kako to da pokažemo.” Tako smo na neki način uvideli već postojeću potrebu i pokazali rešenje. Još jednom, pristiglo je mnoštvo ideja.
This one I personally love, because the idea is that architecture is not just about solutions, but about raising awareness. This is a kenaf clinic. You get seed and you grow it in a plot of land, and it grows 14 feet in a month. And on the fourth week, the doctors come and they mow out an area, put a tensile structure on the top, and when the doctors have finished treating and seeing patients and villagers, you cut down the clinic and you eat it. It's an eat-your-own-clinic.
Lično mi se ova strašno sviđa, zbog ideje da se arhitektura ne bavi samo rešenjima, već i podizanjem nivoa svesti. Ovo je klinika od kenafa (vrsta konoplje). Uzmete seme i posejete ga na parčetu zemlje, a kada naraste – inače, raste oko 4.5 metara mesečno. Četvrte nedelje doktori dođu i poseku jedan deo, stave zateznu konstrukciju na vrh a kada doktori završe sa lečenjem i pregledanjem pacijenata i seljana, možete da posečete kliniku i pojedete je. Po receptu “smaži svoju bolnicu”. (Smeh)
So it's dealing with the fact that if you have AIDS, you also need to have nutrition rates, and the idea of nutrition is as important as getting antiretrovirals out there. So you know, this is a serious solution. This one I love. The idea is it's not just a clinic, it's a community center. This looked at setting up trade routes and economic engines within the community, so it can be a self-sustaining project.
Tako da se ova ideja bavi i činjenicom da ako imate AIDS, morate da imate određen kvalitet ishrane, i idejom da je ishrana podjednako važna kao i dostupnost anti-viralnih lekova. Tako da znate da je ovo ozbiljno rešenje. I ovu ideju obožavam. Ideja je da ovo nije samo klinika već i društveni centar. Ovde se radi o uspostavljanju trgovinskih kanala i ekonomskih mehanizama u zajednici, tako da ovo može da bude samoodrživ projekat. Svi ovi projekti su održivi.
Every one of these projects is sustainable. That's not because I'm a tree-hugging green person. It's because when you live on four dollars a day, you're living on survival and you have to be sustainable. You have to know where your energy is coming from, you have to know where your resource is coming from, and you have to keep the maintenance down. So this is about getting an economic engine, and then at night, it turns into a movie theater. So it's not an AIDS clinic. It's a community center. So you can see ideas. And these ideas developed into prototypes, and they were eventually built. And currently, as of this year, there are clinics rolling out in Nigeria and Kenya.
Ne zbog toga što sam ja od “zelenih” koji grle drveće. To je zato što ako živite od četiri dolara na dan, vi živite na granici opstanka i morate da budete održivi. Morate da znate odakle vam stiže energija. Morate da znate odakle vam stižu resursi. I morate da smanjite troškove održavanja. Ovde se radi o stvaranju ekonomskog mehanizma. Noću se sve pretvara u bioskop. Tako da ovo nije klinika za AIDS. Ovo je društveni centar. Vidite dakle šta su bile ideje. Iz ovih ideja razvijeni su prototipi, koji su na kraju napravljeni. U ovom trenutku, od ove godine, klinike se kotrljaju po Nigeriji i Keniji.
From that, we also developed Siyathemba. The community came to us and said, "The problem is that the girls don't have education." And we're working in an area where young women between the ages of 16 and 24 have a 50 percent HIV/AIDS rate. And that's not because they're promiscuous, it's because there's no knowledge.
Iz ovoga smo razvili i Sijatembu (Siyathemba), projekat za koji -- lokalna zajednica nam se obratila rekavši da je problem to što devojčice ne idu u školu. A sve ovo radimo u oblasti gde je od mladih žena starosti između 16 i 24 godine njih 50% zaraženo HIVom/AIDSom. To se ne dešava zato što su promiskuitetne, već zato što ne postoje znanje i obaveštenost.
And so we decided to look at the idea of sports, and create a youth sports center that doubled as an HIV/AIDS outreach center, and the coaches of the girls' team were also trained doctors. So that there would be a very slow way of developing confidence in health care. And we picked nine finalists, and then those nine finalists were distributed throughout the entire region, and then the community picked their design. They said, this is our design, because it's not only about engaging a community; it's about empowering a community, and about getting them to be a part of the rebuilding process.
Tako smo odlučili da se pozabavimo idejom sporta i da napravimo sportski centar za mlade koji bi u isto vreme bio i savetovalište za HIV/AIDS. Treneri sportskih ekipa ovih devojčica takođe su školovani lekari. To bi bio veoma postupan način razvoja neke vrste poverenja u zdravstveni sistem. Izabrali smo devet finalista, tih devet projekata prikazano je u celom regionu, i na kraju je zajednica odabrala pobedničko rešenje. Rekli su, ovo je naše rešenje, jer se ne bavi samo angažovanjem zajednice, već i osnaživanjem zajednice i njenim uključivanjem u proces obnove.
So, the winning design is here. And then, of course, we actually go and work with the community and the clients.
Ovo je pobednički projekat, i onda, naravno mi stvarno odlazimo i radimo sa lokalnom zajednicom i klijentima. Ovo je projektant. On je na terenu i radi
So this is the designer. He's out there working with the first ever women's soccer team in KwaZulu-Natal, Siyathemba. And they can tell it better.
sa prvim ženskim fudbalskim klubom u Kva-Zulu Natalu, Sijatemba, oni će vam to bolje ispričati.
(A cappella singing in a South African language)
Video: Well, my name is Cee Cee Mkhonza. I work at the Africa Centre, I'm an IT user consultant. I'm also the national football player for South Africa, Banyana Banyana. And I also play in the Vodacom League, for the team called Tembisa, which has now changed to Siyathemba. This is our home ground.
Video: “Moje ime je Sisi, ja radim u afričkom centru. Ja sam konsultantkinja i članica fudbalske reprezentacije Južne Afrike, Bafana Bafana, a takođe igram i za Vodakom ligu za tim koji se zvao Tembisa a sada je promenio ime u Sijatemba. Ovo je naš teren.”
Cameron Sinclair: I'm going to show that later because I'm running out of time. I can see Chris looking at me slyly.
Kameron Sinkler: Ovo ću vam kasnije pokazati jer mi ističe vreme. Vidim da me Kris lukavo gleda.
This was a connection, just a meeting with somebody who wanted to develop Africa's first telemedicine center, in Tanzania. And we met, literally, a couple of months ago. We've already developed a design. The team is over there, working in partnership. This was a matchmaking, thanks to a couple of TEDsters -- Sun [Microsystems], Cheryl Heller and Andrew Zolli, who connected me with this amazing African woman. And we start construction in June, and it will be opened by TEDGlobal. So when you come to TEDGlobal, you can check it out.
Ovo je bilo povezivanje, samo jedan sastanak sa nekim ko je želeo da razvije prvi telemedicinski centar u Africi, u Tanzaniji. Sastali smo se bukvalno pre par meseci. Već smo razvili projekat, i tamo je tim koji zajednički radi. Ovo povezivanje se ostvarilo zahvaljujući nekoliko ljudi sa TEDa: Čeril Heler i Endru Zoli koji su me povezali sa ovom neverovatnom ženom iz Afrike. Počeli smo da gradimo u junu, a otvaranje će biti pre početka TEDGlobal konferencije. Tako da kada dođete na TEDGlobal možete da vidite kako izgleda.
But what we're known probably most for is dealing with disasters and development, and we've been involved in a lot of issues, such as the tsunami and also things like Hurricane Katrina. This is a 370-dollar shelter that can be easily assembled. This is a community-designed community center. And what that means is we actually live and work with the community, and they're part of the design process. The kids actually get involved in mapping out where the community center should be. And then eventually, the community, through skills training, end up building the building with us.
Ali ono po čemu smo verovatno najpoznatiji jeste naše bavljenje prirodnim nepogodama i razvojem, bili smo uključeni u mnoštvo situacija kao što su cunami ili uragan Katrina. Ovo je sklonište koje košta 370 dolara i lako se sastavlja. Ovo je projekat koji su osmislili, društveni centar koga su projektovali članovi lokalne zajednice. To znači da mi stvarno živimo i radimo sa lokalnom zajednicom i oni predstavljaju deo celog projektnog procesa. Deca su zaista uključena u određivanje mesta za budući društveni centar, a onda kroz neko vreme zajednica zaista, prošavši obuku za potrebne veštine, na kraju sagradi objekat sa nama.
Here is another school. This is what the UN gave these guys for six months -- 12 plastic tarps. This was in August. This was the replacement; that's supposed to last for two years. When the rain comes down, you can't hear a thing, and in the summer, it's about 140 degrees inside. So we said, if the rain's coming down, let's get fresh water. So every one of our schools has a rainwater collection system. Very low cost: three classrooms and rainwater collection is 5,000 dollars. This was raised by hot chocolate sales in Atlanta. It's built by the parents of the kids. The kids are out there on-site, building the buildings. And it opened a couple of weeks ago, and there's 600 kids that are now using the schools.
Evo još jedne škole. Ovo su poslali iz UN-a za period od šest meseci – 12 plastičnih pokrivača. Sve se dešava u avgustu. Ovo je zamena, koja bi trebalo da traje dve godine. Kada pada kiša ne čuje se apsolutno ništa, a leti je unutra oko 60 stepeni. Mi smo rekli da ako već pada kiša, hajde da onda prikupimo svežu vodu. Tako da svaka od naših škola ima sistem za skupljanje kišnice koji je veoma jeftin. Učionice -- tri učionice i sistem za kišnicu koštali su pet hiljada dolara. Toliko smo prikupili prodajom tople čokolade u Atlanti. Sagradili su je roditelji đaka. I deca su na gradilištu i ona grade. Škola je otvorena pre nekoliko nedelja i sada je pohađa šest stotina dece.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
So, disaster hits home. We see the bad stories on CNN and Fox and all that, but we don't see the good stories. Here is a community that got together, and they said "no" to waiting. They formed a partnership, a diverse partnership of players, to actually map out East Biloxi, to figure out who's getting involved. We've had over 1,500 volunteers rebuilding, rehabbing homes. Figuring out what FEMA regulations are, not waiting for them to dictate to us how you should rebuild. Working with residents, getting them out of their homes, so they don't get ill. This is what they're cleaning up on their own. Designing housing. This house is going in in a couple of weeks. This is a rehabbed home, done in four days. This is a utility room for a woman who is on a walker. She's 70 years old. This is what FEMA gave her. 600 bucks, happened two days ago. We put together, very quickly, a washroom. It's built, it's running and she just started a business today, where she's washing other people's clothes.
A onda nesreća pogađa kod kuće. Svi smo videli užasne priče na CNN-u, Fox-u i tako dalje, Ali nismo videli neke dobre priče. Evo zajednice koja se okupila i rekla ne čekanju. Osnovali su partnerstvo, raznovrsno partnerstvo učesnika da mapiraju Istočni Biloksi (država Misisipi), da bi shvatili ko je sve uključen. Imali smo 1500 volontera koji su obnavljali i popravljali kuće. Sami su tumačili FEMA propise, ne čekajući da im oni diktiraju kako treba obnavljati kuće. Rad sa stanovništvom, izlazak – njihovo izvlačenje iz kuća, da se ne bi razboleli. Evo šta su sami čistili. Projektovanje kuća. Ova kuća će biti gotova za nekoliko nedelja. Ovo je popravljena, renovirana kuća, završena za četiri dana. Ovo je pomoćna prostorija za ženu koja koristi pomagalo za hod. Ima 70 godina. Evo šta je dobila od FEMA-e. 600 dolara, završeno pre dva dana. Vrlo brzo smo sklopili perionicu. Podignuta je, funkcioniše, a ona je danas započela posao, pere odeću za druge.
These are the Calhouns. They're photographers who had documented the Lower Ninth for the last 40 years. That was their home, and these are the photographs they took. And we're helping, working with them to create a new building. Projects we've done. Projects we've been a part of, support. Why don't aid agencies do this? This is the UN tent. This is the new UN tent, just introduced this year. Quick to assemble. It's got a flap -- that's the invention. It took 20 years to design this and get it implemented in the field. I was 12 years old. There's a problem here.
Ovo su Čandra i Kalun. Oni su fotografi koji su dokumentovali Donji deveti distrikt (deo Nju Orleansa) poslednjih 40 godina. Ovo je bio njihov dom, a ovo su fotografije koje su oni slikali. A mi pomažemo, radimo sa njima na novoj zgradi. Projekti koje smo završili. Projekti u kojima smo učestvovali, koje smo podržali. Zašto se agencije za pomoć time ne bave? Ovo je UN šator. Ovo je novi UN šator, koristi se od ove godine. Brzo se sklapa. Ima pokretno krilo, to je inovacija. Trebalo je 20 godina da se to dizajnira i primeni na terenu. Tada sam imao 12 godina. Tu postoji veliki problem.
Luckily, we're not alone. There are hundreds and hundreds and hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of architects and designers and inventors around the world that are getting involved in humanitarian work. More hemp houses -- it's a theme in Japan, apparently. I'm not sure what they're smoking.
Srećom, nismo sami. Ima na stotine i stotine i stotine i stotine i stotine arhitekata i dizajnera i pronalazača u celom svetu koji se uključuju u humanitarni rad. Još kuća od konoplje – izgleda da je to trend u Japanu. Nisam siguran šta oni puše.
(Laughter)
This is a Grip Clip, designed by somebody who said, "All you need is some way to attach membrane structures to physical support beams." This guy designed for NASA, is now doing housing. I'm going to whip through this quickly, because I know I've got only a couple of minutes.
Ovo je spojnica koju je dizajnirao neko ko je pošao od toga da sve što treba jeste neki način da se zakači membrana za potporne grede. Taj čovek, koji je dizajnirao za NASA-u – sada se bavi stanovanjem. Brzo ću preleteti ovo, jer znam da imam samo još par minuta vremena.
So this is all done in the last two years. I showed you something that took 20 years to do. And this is just a selection of things that were built in the last couple of years. From Brazil to India, Mexico, Alabama, China, Israel, Palestine, Vietnam.
Sve ovo urađeno je u protekle dve godine. Pokazao sam vam nešto za šta je trebalo 20 godina. A ovo je samo izbor od svega što je urađeno -- -- što je sagrađeno u proteklih par godina. Od Brazila do Indije, Meksika, Alabame, Kine, Izraela, Palestine, Vijetnama.
The average age of a designer who gets involved in this project is 32 -- that's how old I am. So it's a young -- I just have to stop here, because Arup is in the room, and this is the best-designed toilet in the world. If you're ever, ever in India, go use this toilet.
Prosečna starost projektanta koji se uključi u ovakav projekat je 32 godine – toliko godina imam i ja. Tako da su to mladi -- ovde samo moram da se zaustavim, jer je Arup u prostoriji a ovo je najbolje dizajnirani toalet na svetu. Ako ikada, ikada odete u Indiju, idite da probate ovaj toalet.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
Chris Luebkeman will tell you why. I'm sure that's how he wanted to spend the party. But the future is not going to be the sky-scraping cities of New York, but this. And when you look at this, you see crisis. What I see is many, many inventors. One billion people live in abject poverty. We hear about them all the time. Four billion live in growing but fragile economies. One in seven live in unplanned settlements. If we do nothing about the housing crisis that's about to happen, in 20 years, one in three people will live in an unplanned settlement or a refugee camp. Look left, look right: one of you will be there. How do we improve the living standards of five billion people? With 10 million solutions.
Kris Lubkeman će vam objasniti zašto. Siguran sam da je on tako želeo da provede žurku, ali -- ali budućnost neće biti soliterski gradovi kao Njujork, nego ovo. Kada pogledate ovo, vi vidite krizu. Ono što ja vidim jeste mnogo, mnogo pronalazača. Jedna milijarda ljudi živi u užasnom siromaštvu. O njima stalno slušamo. Četiri milijarde živi u rastućim ali krhkim ekonomijama. Jedan od sedam ljudi na svetu živi u divljim naseljima. Ako ništa ne uradimo da rešimo krizu stanovanja koja će se uskoro desiti, za 20 godina, jedan od troje ljudi živeće u divljem naselju ili izbegličkom kampu. Pogledajte levo, pogledajte desno: jedno od vas troje biće tamo. Kako da poboljšamo uslove života za pet milijardi ljudi? Sa deset miliona rešenja.
So I wish to develop a community that actively embraces innovative and sustainable design to improve the living conditions for everyone.
Ja želim da razvijem zajednicu koja aktivno prihvata inovativni i održivi dizajn i time poboljšava životne uslove za sve ljude.
Chris Anderson: Wait a sec -- that's your wish?
Kris Anderson: Čekaj malo, čekaj malo. To je tvoja želja?
CS: That's my wish.
KS: To je moja želja.
KA: To je njegova želja!
CA: That's his wish!
(Aplauz)
(Applause)
CS: We started Architecture for Humanity with 700 dollars and a website. So Chris somehow decided to give me 100,000. So why not this many people? Open-source architecture is the way to go. You have a diverse community of participants -- and we're not just talking about inventors and designers, but we're talking about the funding model. My role is not as a designer; it's as a conduit between the design world and the humanitarian world. And what we need is something that replicates me globally, because I haven't slept in seven years.
Započeli smo Arhitekturu za čovečanstvo (Architecture for Humanity) sa 700 dolara i veb-sajtom. Kris je nekako odlučio da mi da 100,000 dolara. Zašto ne toliko ljudi? Open source arhitektura je put kojim treba ići. Imate raznovrsnu zajednicu učesnika -- ne pričamo samo o pronalazačima i dizajnerima, pričamo i o modelu finansiranja. Moja uloga nije da budem projektant već da povežem svet dizajna sa svetom humanitarnog rada. Ono što nam treba je nešto što će me umnožiti na globalnom nivou, jer nisam spavao već sedam godina.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
Secondly, what will this thing be? Designers want to respond to issues of humanitarian crisis, but they don't want some company in the West taking their idea and basically profiting from it. So Creative Commons has developed the Developing Nations license. And what that means is that a designer can -- The Siyathemba project I showed was the first ever building to have a Creative Commons license on it. As soon as that is built, anyone in Africa or any developing nation can take the construction documents and replicate it for free.
Drugo, šta će tačno ovo biti? Dizajneri žele da se odazovu na izazove humanitarnih kriza, ali ne žele da neka kompanija sa Zapada uzme njihovu ideju i od nje pravi profit. Tako je Creative Commons razvio dozvolu za zemlje u razvoju. To znači da dizajner može – Sijatemba projekat koji sam pokazao bio je prvi objekat sa Creative Commons licencom. Čim on bude završen, bilo ko u Africi ili nekoj drugoj zemlji u razvoju može besplatno da preuzme izvođačke crteže i da sagradi isti takav objekat.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)
So why not allow designers the opportunity to do this, but still protect their rights here? We want to have a community where you can upload ideas, and those ideas can be tested in an earthquake, in flood, in all sorts of austere environments. The reason that's important is I don't want to wait for the next Katrina to find out if my house works. That's too late, we need to do it now. So doing that globally -- and I want this whole thing to work multi-lingually. When you look at the face of an architect, most people think a gray-haired white guy. I don't see that; I see the face of the world. So I want everyone from all over the planet to be able to be a part of this design and development. The idea of needs-based competitions -- XPRIZE for the other 98 percent, if you want to call it that.
Zašto ne dati projektantima priliku da na taj način rade, štiteći u isto vreme njihova prava? Želimo da postoji zajednica u kojoj možete da objavite svoje ideje, i da te ideje budu testirane kada se dogodi zemljotres ili poplava, i u svim vrstama teških prilika. To je važno zato što ja neću da čekam da se dogodi sledeća Katrina da bih otkrio da li mi je kuća dobra ili ne. To je prekasno. To moramo da uradimo sada. I da to radimo na globalnom nivou. I želim da cela stvar radi na više jezika. Kada zamišljate lice arhitekte, većina ljudi vidi sedokosog belog čoveka. Ja ne vidim to. Ja vidim lice sveta. Ja želim da svi, sa cele planete budu u mogućnosti da postanu deo ove ideje i njenog razvoja. Ideja da se prave konkursi zasnovani na potrebama – X-Nagrada za ostalih 98 posto, ako to tako želite da nazovete.
We also want to look at ways of matchmaking and putting funding partners together, and the idea of integrating manufacturers -- fab labs in every country. When I hear about the $100 laptop and it's going to educate every child -- educate every designer in the world. Put one in every favela, every slum settlement. Because you know what? Innovation will happen. And I need to know that. It's called the leap-back. We talk about leapfrog technologies.
Takođe želimo da pronađemo načine da se povezujemo i da spajamo partnere koji obezbeđuju sredstva. Tu je i ideja da se povezuju proizvođači – fab-lab radionice u svim zemljama. Slušam o laptop računaru za 100 dolara koji će pomoći da se obrazuje svako dete, svi dizajneri na svetu. Stavite jedan takav računar u svaku favelu, svako kartonsko naselje, jer znate, tako će se dogoditi inovacija. Meni je potrebno da to znam. To se zove skok unazad. Mi razgovaramo o tehnologijama koje će nam omogućiti skokove unapred. Ja pišem za "Worldchanging"
I write with Worldchanging, and the one thing we've been talking about is, I learn more on the ground than I've ever learned here. So let's take those ideas, adapt them, and we can use them. These ideas are supposed to be adaptable; they should have the potential for evolution; they should be developed by every nation in the world and useful for every nation in the world. What will it take?
i jedna stvar o kojoj smo pričali je da se na terenu nauči mnogo više nego što bi se ikada moglo naučiti ovde. Hajde onda da preuzmemo te ideje, da ih prilagodimo i da ih koristimo. Ideje bi trebalo da mogu da se prilagode, to je dozvoljeno – trebalo bi da imaju potencijal da evoluiraju, trebalo bi da ih razvija svaka nacija na svetu i da budu korisne za svaku naciju na svetu. Šta će za to biti potrebno?
There should be a sheet. I don't have time to read this, because I'm going to be yanked off.
Trebalo bi možda da imate ovo na listu papira. Nemam vremena da sve čitam, jer ću biti odvučen odavde.
CA: Let's just leave it up for a sec.
KA: Samo ostavi da se vidi par sekundi.
CS: Well, what will it take? You guys are smart. So it's going to take a lot of computing power, because I want the idea that any laptop anywhere in the world can plug into the system and be able to not only participate in developing these designs, but utilize the designs. Also, a process of reviewing the designs. I want every Arup engineer in the world to check and make sure that we're doing stuff that's standing, because those guys are the best in the world. Plug. And so, you know, I want these --
KS: Šta će za to biti potrebno? Vi ste pametni ljudi. Biće potrebno mnogo jakih računara, jer želim da ovo -- želim da bilo koji laptop bilo gde na svetu može da se uključi u sistem i da učestvuje ne samo u razvoju ovih projekata, već i da ih koristi. Takođe, tu je proces revizije projekata. Želim da svaki inženjer iz Arupa na svetu proverava i kontroliše da predlažemo stvari koje mogu da stoje, jer ti ljudi su najbolji na svetu. I tačka. I tako, znate, želim da ovo – a trebalo bi da napomenem,
I just should note: I have two laptops and one of them is there, and that has 3000 designs on it. If I drop that laptop ... What happens? So it's important to have these proven ideas put up there, easy to use, easy to get ahold of. My mom once said, "There's nothing worse than being all mouth and no trousers."
da imam dva laptopa i jedan od njih je tamo a na njemu je 3000 projekata. Šta će se desiti ako mi ispadne? Važno je da tu postavimo sve te proverene ideje, da ih je lako naći i koristiti. Moja mama je jednom rekla da nema ništa gore od nekog ko mnogo priča a slabo radi.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
I'm fed up of talking about making change. You only make it by doing it. We've changed FEMA guidelines; we've changed public policy; we've changed international response -- based on building things. So for me, it's important that we create a real conduit for innovation, and that it's free innovation. Think of free culture -- this is free innovation. Somebody said this a couple of years back. I will give points for those who know it. But I think the man was maybe 25 years too early.
Dosta mi je priče o promenama. Promene se dešavaju samo ako ih sami napravite. Promenili smo FEMA preporuke. Promenili smo javne politike. Promenili smo odgovor međunarodne zajednice – na osnovu onoga što smo sagradili. Za mene je važno da stvaramo stvarni put za sprovođenje inovacija, i da inovacije budu besplatne. Pomislite na besplatnu kulturu – to je besplatna inovacija. Neko je ovo rekao pre par godina. Daću poene onima koji znaju ko je to bio. Mislim da je poranio nekih 25 godina i zato na posao.
So let's do it.
Hvala vam.
Thank you.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)