Do you think it's possible to control someone's attention? Even more than that, what about predicting human behavior? I think those are interesting ideas. For me, that would be the perfect superpower, actually kind of an evil way of approaching it. But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way: picking pockets. When we think of misdirection, we think of something as looking off to the side, when actually the things right in front of us are often the hardest to see, the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.
Mislite li da je moguće kontrolisati nečiju pažnju? I više od toga, šta je sa predviđanjem ljudskog ponašanja? Mislim da su to interesantne ideje, ako je moguće. Za mene bi to bila savršena super-moć, u stvari zao pristup tome. Ali što se mene tiče, ja sam proveo poslednjih 20 godina proučavajući ljudsko ponašanje na vrlo neuobičajen način, a to je: džepareći. Kad razmišljamo o navođenju na pogrešan trag, mislimo o nečemu kao što je skretanje pogleda na stranu dok su zapravo stvari koje su tu ispred nas one koje je najteže videti, stvari koje gledate svakog dana i koje ne primećujete.
For example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now? Great. Double-check. Make sure you still have them. I was doing some shopping before.
Na primer, koliko vas još uvek ima mobilni telefon kod sebe? Odlično. Proverite. Da budete sigurni da ih još uvek imate.
(Laughter)
Bio sam u kupovini pre ovoga.
You've looked at them a few times today, but I'll ask you a question. Without looking at it directly yet, can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner? Bring them out, check and see how accurate you were. How'd you do? Show of hands. Did we get it?
Iako ste ih pogledali verovatno nekoliko puta danas, postaviću vam jedno pitanje u vezi sa njima. Bez gledanja direktno, još uvek, u vaš mobilni telefon, možete li da se setite ikonice u donjem desnom uglu? Izvadite ih, proverite i vidite da li ste pogodili. Kako ste prošli? Podignite ruke. Jeste li pogodili?
Now that you're done, close them down. Every phone has something in common. No matter how you organize the icons, you still have a clock on the front. So, without looking at your phone, what time was it? You just looked at your clock, right? Interesting idea. Let's take that a step further with a game of trust. Close your eyes. I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.
Sada kada ste pogledali, zatvorite ih, jer svi mobilni telefoni imaju nešto zajedničko. Bez obzira kako organizujete ikonice, još uvek imate sat na početnom ekranu. Pa, bez gledanja u telefon, koliko je bilo sati? Upravo ste pogledali na sat, zar ne? To je interesantna ideja. Sada ću vas zamoliti da odemo korak dalje u igri poverenja. Zažmurite. Znam da tražim od vas da to uradite iako ste upravo čuli da se džeparoš nalazi u prostoriji, ali zažmurite.
Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds. With your eyes closed, what am I wearing? Make your best guess. What color is my shirt? What color is my tie? Now open your eyes. Show of hands, were you right? Interesting, isn't it?
Sada, gledali ste me oko 30 sekundi. Sa zatvorenim očima, kako sam obučen? Potrudite se da pogodite. Koje boje je moja košulja? Koje boje je moja kravata? Sad otvorite oči. Ko je bio u pravu neka podigne ruku. Zanimljivo je, zar ne?
Some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others, it seems. But I have a different theory about that model of attention. They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention. For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system. It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors, and inside your brain is a little security guard. For me, I like to call him Frank. So Frank is sitting at a desk. He's got lots of cool information in front of him, high-tech equipment, he's got cameras, he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears, all these senses, all these perceptions. But attention is what steers your perceptions, it's what controls your reality. It's the gateway to the mind. If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it. But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it. For example, the cocktail effect: You're in a party, having conversations with someone, and yet you can recognize your name without realizing you were listening to that.
Neki od nas malo bolje zapažaju od drugih. Tako izgleda. Ali ja imam drugačiju teoriju o tom modelu pažnje. Postoje moderne teorije pažnje, Poznerov trojni model. Ja volim da to posmatram jednostavno, kao sistem za nadgledanje. To je kao da imate sve te moderne senzore, a u vašem mozgu je mali radnik obezbeđenja. Ja volim da ga zovem Frenk. Frenk sedi za stolom. Ima sve vrste dobrih informacija pred sobom, visoko tehnološku opremu, kamere, mali telefon na koji može da se javi, da čuje uši, sva ta čula, sva ta opažanja. Ali pažnja je ono što upravlja vašim opažajima i kontroliše vašu realnost. Ona je ulazna kapija u um. Ako ne obratite pažnju na nešto, ne možete biti svesni toga. Ali ironično, možete obratiti pažnju na nešto, a da ne budete svesni toga. Zbog toga postoji efekat koktela: kad ste na žurci, razgovarate s nekim a ipak možete da prepoznate svoje ime, a da niste uopšte svesni da ste to slušali.
Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this, to play with your attention as a limited resource. So if I could control how you spend your attention, if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction. Now, instead of doing it like misdirection and throwing it off to the side, instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank, to be able to play with the Frank inside your head, your security guard, and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses, just to go internal for a second.
U mom poslu moram da se igram tehnikama da iskoristim ovo, da se igram sa vašom pažnjom kao ograničenim resursom. Ako bih mogao da kontrolišem kako koristite vašu pažnju, ako bih mogao da ukradem vašu pažnju kroz njeno odvlačenje. Umesto da je pogrešno usmeravam i odvlačim na stranu, ja biram da se fokusiram na Frenka, da bih mogao da se igram sa Frenkom u vašoj glavi, s vašim malim radnikom obezbeđenja i nateram vas da se fokusirate na sekund na svoja unutrašnja čula umesto na spoljašnja.
So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that? What just happened? Do you have a wallet? Do you have an American Express in your wallet? And when I do that, your Frank turns around. He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape. What's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape at the same time that he's trying to process new data.
I ako vas pitam da pristupite sećanju kao na primer pitanjima: šta je to? Šta se desilo? Imate li novčanik? Da li imate Amerikan ekspres karticu u novčaniku? Kad to uradim, vaš Frenk se okreće. Pristupa podacima. Mora da vrati traku. I ono što je interesantno je da on ne može da vrati traku u isto vreme dok pokušava da obradi nove podatke.
This sounds like a good theory, but I could talk for a long time, tell you lots of things, and a portion of them may be true, but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live. If I come down, I'm going to do a bit of shopping. Just hold still where you are.
Ovo zvuči kao dobra teorija ali mogu da pričam dugo i da vam kažem puno stvari i one mogu da budu tačne, deo njih, ali mislim da je bolje ako probam da vam to pokažem ovde uživo. Kad siđem malo ću da krenem u šoping. Ostanite gde ste.
Hello, how are you? It's lovely to see you. Wonderful job onstage. Lovely watch, it doesn't come off very well. Do you have a ring as well? Good. Just taking inventory. You're like a buffet. Hard to tell where to start, so many great things.
Zdravo, kako si? Lepo je videti te. Bila si odlična na bini. Imaš divan sat koji se ne skida tako lako. Je l' imaš i prsten? Dobro. Samo pravim popis. Ti si kao švedski sto. Teško je odlučiti gde da počneš, ima toliko dobrih stvari.
Hi, how are you? Good to see you.
Zdavo kako si? Drago mi je da te vidim.
Hi, sir, could you stand up, please? Just right where you are. You're married, you follow directions well. Nice to meet you, sir. You don't have a lot in your pockets. Anything down here? Hopefully so. Have a seat. There you go. You're doing well.
Dobar dan gospodine, možete li da ustanete molim vas? Tu gde ste. Oh, oženjeni ste. Pratite dobro uputstva. Drago mi je da smo se upoznali, gospodine. Nemate puno toga u džepovima. Nešto u ovom džepu ovde? Nadam se. Sedite. Odlično.
Hi, sir, how are you? Good to see you, sir. You have a ring, a watch. Do you have a wallet on you? Joe: I don't.
Dobar dan gospodine, kako ste? Drago mi je da vas vidim. Imate prsten, sat. Imate li novčanik? Džo: Nemam.
AR: Well, we'll find one for you. Come on up this way, Joe. Give Joe a round of applause. Come on up, Joe. Let's play a game.
Apolo Robins: Dobro, naći ćemo vam neki. Pođite ovuda, Džo. Dajte Džou aplauz.
(Applause)
Dođite gore Džo. Hajde da igramo igru.
AR: Pardon me. I don't think I need this clicker anymore. Thank you very much. I appreciate that. Come on up to the stage, Joe. Let's play a little game now.
(Aplauz) Pardon. Mislim da mi ne treba više ovaj daljinski. Možete ga uzeti. Hvala puno.
Anything in your front pockets?
Dođite na binu Džo. Hajde da igramo malu igru sada. Jel' imate nešto u prednjim džepovima?
J: Money.
AR: Pare. Dobro, hajde da probamo to.
AR: Money! All right, let's try that. Can you stand right over this way for me? Turn around and, let's see, if I give you something that belongs to me, this is just something I have, a poker chip. Hold out your hand for me. Watch it closely. This is a task for you to focus on. You have your money in your front pocket?
Možete li da stanete ovde? Okrenite se i da vidimo, ako vam dam nešto što je moje, to je samo nešto što imam, žeton za poker. Ispružite ruku. Gledajte dobro. Zadatak vam je da se fokusirate na to. Imate li pare u prednjem džepu ovde? Džo: Da.
J: Yup. AR: Good.
AR: Dobro. Neću da stavim ruku u vaš džep.
I won't put my hand in your pocket. I'm not ready for that kind of commitment. Once a guy had a hole in his pocket, and that was rather traumatizing for me. I wanted his wallet, he gave me his number. Big miscommunication.
Nisam spreman na tu vrstu obaveze. Jednom je tip imao rupu u džepu i to je bilo vrlo traumatično za mene. Tražio sam njegov novčanik, a on mi je dao svoj broj telefona. To je bio veliki nesporazum.
(Laughter)
Hajde da uradimo ovo jednostavno. Stisnite šaku.
Let's do this simply. Squeeze your hand tight. Do you feel the poker chip in your hand?
Stisnite je dobro. Da li osećate žeton u ruci?
J: I do.
Džo: Osećam.
AR: Would you be surprised if I took it? Say yes.
AR: Je l' biste bili iznenađeni kad bih vam ga uzeo iz ruke? Kažite "da".
J: Very. AR: Good.
Open your hand. Thank you very much. I'll cheat if you give me a chance. Make it harder for me. Just use your hand. Grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm. Did you see it go? Joe: No.
Džo: Veoma. AR: Odlično. Otvorite ruku. Hvala vam puno. Varaću ako mi pružite priliku. Otežajte mi. Samo koristite ruku. Uhvatite moj zglob, ali ga stisnite jako. Jeste li videli da je nestao?
AR: No, it's not here. Open your hand. While we're focused on the hand, it's sitting on your shoulder. Go ahead and take it off. Now, let's try that again. Hold your hand out flat. Open it up. Put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close. If I did it slowly, it'd be on your shoulder.
Džo: Ne. AR: Ne, nije ovde. Otvorite ruku. Vidite, dok smo fokusirani na ruku on se nalazi na vašem ramenu. Uzmite ga. Hajde da probamo ponovo. Ispružite ruku. Otvorite je skroz. Stavite ruku malo više, ali pazite dobro, Džo. Vidite, da sam to uradio sporo, opet bi bio na vašem ramenu.
(Laughter)
(Smeh)
Joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it. You'll get it eventually. I have faith in you. Squeeze firm. You're human, you're not slow. It's back on your shoulder. You were focused on your hand, distracted. While you were watching, I couldn't get your watch off. Yet you had something inside your pocket. Do you remember what it was?
Džo, nastavićemo da radimo ovo dok ne shvatite. Shvatićete na kraju. Verujem u vas. Stisnite jako. Čovek ste, niste glupi. Opet je na vašem ramenu. Bili ste fokusirani na vašu ruku. Zato vam je bila odvučena pažnja. Dok ste gledali ovo, nisam baš mogao da vam skinem sat. Bilo je teško. Ipak ste imali nešto u prednjem džepu. Da li se sećate šta je to bilo?
J: Money.
Džo: Pare.
AR: Check your pocket. Is it still there?
AR: Proverite džepove. Da li su još tamo? (Smeh)
(Laughter)
Oh, there it was. Put it away. We're just shopping. This trick's more about the timing. I'm going to try to push it inside your hand. Put your other hand on top, would you? It's amazingly obvious now, isn't it? Looks a lot like the watch I was wearing, doesn't it?
Aha, tu su bile. Vratite ih. Samo smo u šopingu. Suština ovog trika je u stvari, u reagovanju na vreme. Probaću da ga uguram u vašu ruku. Stavite drugu ruku preko moje. Sada je neverovatno očigledno, zar ne? Mnogo liči na sat koji sam nosio, zar ne?
(Laughter) (Applause)
(Smeh) (Aplauz)
J: That's pretty good. AR: Oh, thanks.
Džo: To je bilo vrlo dobro. AR: O, hvala.
(Applause)
But it's only a start. Let's try it a little bit differently. Hold your hands together. Your other hand on top. If you're watching this little token, this obviously has become a little target, like a red herring. If we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away. It's not back on your shoulder. It falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand. Did you see it go? Yeah, funny. We've got a little guy. He's union, works up there all day. If I do it slowly it goes straight away, it lands by your pocket. Is it in this pocket, sir? Don't reach in your pocket. That's a different show.
Ali to je samo početak. Da probamo ponovo, malo drugačije. Spojite šake. Stavite drugu ruku preko. Ako sada gledate ovaj mali žeton, očigledno je postao mala meta. Kao mamac za odvlačenje pažnje. Ako gledamo ovo izbliza, izgleda kao da je nestao. Nije na vašem ramenu već pada iz vazduha i sleće ponovo u ruku. Jeste li ga videli kako pada? Da, čudno je. Imamo malog tipa gore. On je iz sindikata. Radi gore ceo dan. Ako uradim to sporo, ako odmah nestane - onda upadne u vaš džep. Mislim da je u ovom džepu, gospodine?
(Squeaking)
Ne gurajte ruku u svoj džep. To je iz druge emisije.
That's rather strange. They have shots for that. Can I show them? Rather bizarre. Is this yours, sir? I have no idea how that works. We'll send that over there.
I... (Pištanje) - to je baš čudno. Postoje vakcine za to. Mogu li da im pokažem šta je to? Baš je neobično. Je li ovo vaše, gospodine?
I need help with this one. Step over this way for me. Don't run away. You had something down by your pants pocket. I was checking mine. I couldn't find everything, but I noticed you had something here. Can I feel the outside for a moment? Down here I noticed this. Is this something of yours, sir? I have no idea. That's a shrimp.
Nemam pojma kako to radi. Poslaćemo ga tamo. To je sjajno. Treba mi pomoć za ovo. Stanite ovde. Nemojte da pobegnete. Imate nešto u džepu od pantalona. Proveravao sam u svojim. Nisam mogao sve da pronađem, ali sam primetio da imate nešto ovde. Mogu li da opipam spolja vaš džep za trenutak? Ovde dole sam primetio ovo. Je l' ovo nešto vaše, gospodine?
J: Yeah. I'm saving it for later.
Nemam pojma. To je škamp.
AR: You've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way, better than you know. So we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift.
Džo: Da. Čuvam ga za posle. AR: Zabavili ste ove ljude na divan način, i više nego što ste svesni.
(Laughter)
Zato bismo voleli da vam damo ovaj lep sat kao poklon. (Smeh)
Hopefully it matches his taste. We have a couple of other things, a little bit of cash. And we have a few other things, these all belong to you, along with a big round of applause from all your friends.
Nadam se da je po njegovom ukusu. Ali imamo i nekoliko drugih stvari, malo keša i onda imamo nekoliko drugih stvari. Sve one pripadaju vama zajedno sa velikim aplauzom od svih vaših prijatelja. (Aplauz)
(Applause)
Džo, hvala vam puno.
Joe, thank you very much.
(Aplauz)
(Applause)
(Applause ends)
So, same question I asked you before, but this time you don't have to close your eyes. What am I wearing?
Isto pitanje koje sam vas pitao pre, ali ovaj put ne morate da zatvorite oči. Kako sam obučen?
Audience: Oh!
(Smeh)
(Laughter)
(Hesitant applause)
(Aplauz)
(Applause ends)
Attention is a powerful thing. Like I said, it shapes your reality. So, I guess I'd like to pose that question to you. If you could control somebody's attention, what would you do with it?
Pažnja je moćna stvar. Kao što sam rekao, oblikuje vašu realnost. Zato bih želeo da vam postavim to pitanje. Ako biste mogli da kontrolišete nečiju pažnju, šta biste uradili s njom?
Thank you.
Hvala.
(Applause)
(Aplauz)