My thing with school lunch is, it's a social justice issue. I'm the Director of Nutrition Services for the Berkeley Unified School District. I have 90 employees and 17 locations, 9,600 kids. I'm doing 7,100 meals a day and I've been doing it for two years, trying to change how we feed kids in America. And that's what I want to talk to you a little bit about today. These are some of my kids with a salad bar. I put salad bars in all of our schools when I got there. Everyone says it couldn't be done. Little kids couldn't eat off the salad bar, big kids would spit in it -- neither happened.
Moje mnenje o šolskih kosilih je, da so stvar socialne pravičnosti. Sem vodja prehrambenih storitev za šolsko okrožje Berkeley Unified. Imam 90 zaposlenih in 17 lokacij, 9600 otrok. Na dan pripravim 7100 obrokov in to počnem že dve leti, poizkušam spremeniti, kako prehranjujemo otroke v Ameriki. In to je tisto, o čemer želim danes govorit z vami. To so nekatri od mojih otrok pri solatnem baru. Solatne bare sem uvedla v vse naše šole. Ko sem začela, so vsi trdili, da tega ne bo mogoče izvršiti -- da majhni otroci ne bodo znali jesti s solatnega bara, da bodo starejši otroci pljuvali vanj -- nič od tega se ni zgodilo.
When I took over this, I tried to really figure out, like, what my vision would be. How do we really change children's relationship to food? And I'll tell you why we need to change it, but we absolutely have to change it. And what I came to understand is, we needed to teach children the symbiotic relationship between a healthy planet, healthy food and healthy kids. And that if we don't do that, the antithesis, although we've heard otherwise, is we're really going to become extinct, because we're feeding our children to death. That's my premise.
Ko sem prevzela to odgovornost, sem se resnično trudila razumeti, na primer to, kaj bo moja vizija: kako lahko resnično spremenimo odnos otrok do hrane? In povedala vam bom, zakaj je sprememba potrebna, ampak nekaj vsekakor moramo spremeniti. Prišla sem do spoznanja, da moramo otroke učiti simbiotičnega odnosa med zdravim planetom, zdravo hrano in zdravimi otroci. In da če tega ne storimo, je nasprotje tega, kar smo drugače slišali, da bomo dejansko izumrli, ker hranimo naše otroke do smrti. To je moje stališče.
We're seeing sick kids get sicker and sicker. And the reason this is happening, by and large, is because of our food system and the way the government commodifies food, the way the government oversees our food, the way the USDA puts food on kids' plates that's unhealthy, and allows unhealthy food into schools. And by -- tacitly, all of us send our kids, or grandchildren, or nieces, or nephews, to school and tell them to learn, you know, learn what's in those schools. And when you feed these kids bad food, that's what they're learning. So that's really what this is all about.
Opažamo, da otroci postajajo čedalje bolj bolehni. In eden glavnih razlogov je naš prehrambeni sistem in način, kako vlada spreminja hrano v izdelke ter kako vlada nadzoruje našo hrano, kako Oddelek za agrokulturo streže hrano našim otrokom, ki ni zdrava, ter dovoljuje nezdravo hrano v šolah. In samoumnevno, vsi pošljemo naše otroke, vnuke ali nečakinje in nečake v šolo in jim rečemo, da naj se učijo, saj veste, naučijo naj se kar je v teh šolah. In ko hraniš otroke s škodljivo hrano, je to tisto, česar se naučijo. In v tem je pravzaprav bistvo.
The way we got here is because of big agribusiness. We now live in a country where most of us don't decide, by and large, what we eat. We see big businesses, Monsanto and DuPont, who brought out Agent Orange and stain-resistant carpet. They control 90 percent of the commercially produced seeds in our country. These are -- 10 companies control much of what's in our grocery stores, much of what people eat. And that's really, really a problem.
Do te točke smo prišli zaradi velikega agro-podjetništva. Dandanes živimo v državi, kjer se po večini ne odločamo sami, kaj zaužijemo. Vidimo velika podjetja, npr. Monsanto in DuPont, ki so izdelala herbicid Agent Orange in kancerogene preproge, odporne na madeže, in nadzorujejo 90 procentov vseh komercialno pridelanih semen v naši državi. Teh 10 podjetij -- nadzoruje večino vsega, kar je v naših trgovinah, večino vsega, kar ljudje zaužijejo -- in to je resničen, resničen problem.
So when I started thinking about these issues and how I was going to change what kids ate, I really started focusing on what we would teach them. And the very first thing was about regional food -- trying to eat food from within our region. And clearly, with what's going on with fossil fuel usage, or when -- as the fossil fuel is going away, as oil hits its peak oil, you know, we really have to start thinking about whether or not we should, or could, be moving food 1,500 miles before we eat it. So we talked to kids about that, and we really start to feed kids regional food.
Ko sem torej začela razmišljati o teh problemih in kako bom spremenila, kaj otroci jedo, sem se osredotočila na to, kaj bomo učili otroke. Prva stvar so bila lokalna živila -- da se trudimo jesti hrano pridelano v naši regiji. In očitno, z vsem, kar se dogaja glede porabe fosilnih goriv, in ko -- z izginjanjem fosilnih goriv, in ko poraba nafte dosega vrh, moramo resnično začeti razmišljati o tem ali bomo lahko, oziroma, ali bomo sploh zmogli prevažati hrano 1500 milij, preden jo zaužijemo. In to je tisto, o čemer smo se pogovarjali z otroci, in dejansko smo začeli hraniti otroke z lokalno hrano.
And then we talk about organic food. Now, most school districts can't really afford organic food, but we, as a nation, have to start thinking about consuming, growing and feeding our children food that's not chock-full of chemicals. We can't keep feeding our kids pesticides and herbicides and antibiotics and hormones. We can't keep doing that. You know, it doesn't work. And the results of that are kids getting sick.
In potem smo se pogovarjali še o bio prehrani. Torej, večina šol si res ne more privoščiti bio hrane, toda mi vsi, kot narod, moramo začeti razmišljati o porabi, rasti in o prehranjevanju naših otrok s hrano, ki ni natrpana s kemikalijami. Ne moremo hraniti naših otrok s pesticidi in herbicidi in antibiotiki in hormoni. Tega ne moremo početi še naprej. Saj veste, to ne deluje. In posledice tega je, da postajajo otroci bolni.
One of my big soapboxes right now is antibiotics. Seventy percent of all antibiotics consumed in America is consumed in animal husbandry. We are feeding our kids antibiotics in beef and other animal protein every day. Seventy percent -- it's unbelievable. And the result of it is, we have diseases. We have things like E. coli that we can't fix, that we can't make kids better when they get sick. And, you know, certainly antibiotics have been over-prescribed, but it's an issue in the food supply. One of my favorite facts is that U.S. agriculture uses 1.2 billion pounds of pesticides every year. That means every one of us, and our children, consumes what would equal a five-pound bag -- those bags you have at home. If I had one here and ripped it open, and that pile I would have on the floor is what we consume and feed our children every year because of what goes into our food supply, because of the way we consume produce in America.
Ena mojih trenutno najvecjih govorniških tem so antibiotiki. 70 procentov vseh antibiotikov uporabljenih v Ameriki je uporabljenih v živinoreji. Našim otrokom hranimo antibiotike z govedino in ostalimi živalskimi beljakovinami vsak dan. 70 procentov -- to je neverjetno. In posledica tega je, da imamo bolezni. Imamo recimo E. coli bakterije, in tega ne moremo popraviti, in ne moremo pomagati otrokom, ko zbolijo. In seveda je tu tudi pretirano predpisovanje antibijotikov, toda problem je v pridelavi hrane. Eno mojih najljubših dejstev je, da ameriško kmetijstvo porabi za 1,2 milijardi funtov pesticidov vsako leto. To pomeni, da vsak izmed nas in naši otroci zaužijemo za 2,5 kilogramsko vrečo -- takšno vrečo, kot jih imate doma -- če bi imela eno tukaj in bi jo odprla, in kopica, ki bi nastala na tleh, je to, kar zaužijemo in s čimer hranimo naše otroke vsako leto zaradi vsega, kar gre v pridelavo hrane, zaradi načina, kako se prehranjujemo in pridelujemo v Ameriki.
The USDA allows these antibiotics, these hormones and these pesticides in our food supply, and the USDA paid for this ad in Time magazine. Okay, we could talk about Rachel Carson and DDT, but we know it wasn't good for you and me. And that is what the USDA allows in our food supply. And that has to change, you know. The USDA cannot be seen as the be-all and end-all of what we feed our kids and what's allowed. We cannot believe that they have our best interests at heart. The antithesis of this whole thing is sustainable food. That's what I really try and get people to understand. I really try and teach it to kids. I think it's the most important. It's consuming food in a way in which we'll still have a planet, in which kids will grow up to be healthy, and which really tries to mitigate all the negative impacts we're seeing. It really is just a new idea. I mean, people toss around sustainability, but we have to figure out what sustainability is.
Oddelek za kmetijstvo dovoljuje te antibiotike, te hormone in te pesticide v pridelavi naše hrane, in Oddelek za kmetijstvo je financiral to reklamo v reviji Time. Dobro, lahko bi se pogovarjali o Rachel Carson in DDT-ju, toda vsi vemo, da DDT ni bil dober ne za vas ne zame. In to je tisto, kar Oddelek za kmetijstvo dovoljuje v pridelavi naše hrane. In to se mora spremeniti. Na Oddelek za kmetijstvo ne moremo gledati kot na nekaj vsemogočnega glede prehrane naših otrok in tega, kaj je dovoljeno. Ne smemo verjeti, da imajo v srcu naš najboljši interes. Nasprotje vsega tega je trajnostna prehrana. To je tisto, kar poskušam doseči, da bi ljudje razumeli. Resnično se trudim in učim otroke -- mislim, da je to najbolj pomembno. Da se hrana uživa tako, da ohranjamo planet ter da bodo otroci zrastli zdravo, in se trudili ublažiti vse negativne posledice, ki jih opažamo. Resnično je povsem nova ideja. Ljudje se poigravajo z besedo trajnostno, ampak najprej moramo ugotoviti, kaj trajnostnost je.
In less than 200 years, you know, just in a few generations, we've gone from being 200 -- being 100 percent, 95 percent farmers to less than 2 percent of farmers. We now live in a country that has more prisoners than farmers -- 2.1 million prisoners, 1.9 million farmers. And we spend 35,000 dollars on average a year keeping a prisoner in prison, and school districts spend 500 dollars a year feeding a child. It's no wonder, you know, we have criminals.
V manj kot 200 letih, saj veste, v nekaj generacijah, smo zreducirali delež zaposlenih na kmetijah z 200 -- s 100 procentov, 95 procentov na manj kot 2 procenta. Danes živimo v državi, ki ima več zapornikov kot kmetovalcev -- 2,1 miljona zapornikov, 1,9 miljona kmetov. In povprečno nas stane 35.000 dolarjev letno, da vzdržujemo zapornika v zaporu in šolska okrožja potrošijo 500 dolarjev na leto, da hranijo otroka. Ni čudno, veste, da imamo kriminalce.
(Laughter)
(smeh)
And what's happening is, we're getting sick. We're getting sick and our kids are getting sick. It is about what we feed them. What goes in is what we are. We really are what we eat. And if we continue down this path, if we continue to feed kids bad food, if we continue not to teach them what good food is, what's going to happen? You know, what is going to happen? What's going to happen to our whole medical system? What's going to happen is, we're going to have kids that have a life less long than our own. The CDC, the Center for Disease Control, has said, of the children born in the year 2000 -- those seven- and eight-year-olds today -- one out of every three Caucasians, one out of every two African-Americans and Hispanics are going to have diabetes in their lifetime. And if that's not enough, they've gone on to say, most before they graduate high school. This means that 40 or 45 percent of all school-aged children could be insulin-dependent within a decade. Within a decade.
In kar se dogaja je, da zbolevamo -- mi postajamo bolni in naši otroci postajajo bolni. To je zaradi prehrane. Kar zaužijemo, je to, kar smo. Dejansko smo, kar jemo. In če bomo tako nadaljevali, in če bomo še naprej hranili naše otroke s slabo hrano, in če jih ne bomo naučili, kaj to dobra prehrana je, kaj se bo zgodilo potem? Veste, kaj se bo zgodilo? Kaj se bo zgodilo z našim zdravstvenim sistemom? Zgodilo se bo, da bomo imeli otroke, katerih življenje bo krajše kot naše. CDC -- Center za kontrolo bolezni -- je izjavil, da otroci, rojeni leta 2000 -- tisti, ki so danes stari med sedem in osem let -- eden izmed treh belcev, eden izmed dveh afro-američanov in prebivalcev španskega porekla, bodo imeli sladkorno bolezen za časa njihovega življenja. In če to ni dovolj, so izjavili še to, da bo večina zbolela še preden zaključijo srednjo šolo. To pomeni, da bi bilo lahko 40 do 45 procentov vseh šoloobveznih otrok odvisnih od insulina v naslednjih 10 letih -- v 10 letih.
What's going to happen? Well, the CDC has gone further to say that those children born in the year 2000 could be the first generation in our country's history to die at a younger age than their parents. And it's because of what we feed them. Because eight-year-olds don't get to decide -- and if they do, you should be in therapy. You know, we are responsible for what kids eat. But oops, maybe they're responsible for what kids eat. Big companies spend 20 billion dollars a year marketing non-nutrient foods to kids. 20 billion dollars a year. 10,000 ads most kids see. They spend 500 dollars for every one dollar -- 500 dollars marketing foods that kids shouldn't eat for every one dollar marketing healthy, nutritious food. The result of which is kids think they're going to die if they don't have chicken nuggets.
Kaj se bo zgodilo? No, CDC je potem še izjavil, da bi otroci, rojeni leta 2000, lahko bili prva generacija v zgodovini naše države, ki bodo umrli mlajši kot njihovi starši. In to zaradi njihove prehrane. Kajti osemletniki ne odločajo sami, in če odločajo, potrebujete terapijo vi. Saj veste, mi smo odgovorni za to, kaj jedo otroci. Toda, ups, mogoče pa so oni odgovorni za to, kar jedo otroci. Velika podjetja potrošijo 20 milijard dolarjev na leto za oglaševanje ne-hranljivih proizvodov našim otrokom. 20 milijard dolarjev na leto. 10.000 oglasov, ki jih vidi večina otrok. 500 dolarjav potrošijo za vsak en dolar -- 500 dolarjev za oglaševanje produktov, ki je otroci ne bi smeli jesti -- za vsak en dolar za oglaševanje zdrave, hranljive prehrane. Kot posledica otroci verjamejo, da bodo umrli, če ne bodo jedli piščančjih kroketov.
You know that everybody thinks they should be eating more, and more, and more. This is the USDA portion size, that little, tiny thing. And the one over there, that's bigger than my head, is what McDonald's and Burger King and those big companies think we should eat. And why can they serve that much? Why can we have 29-cent Big Gulps and 99-cent double burgers? It's because of the way the government commodifies food, and the cheap corn and cheap soy that are pushed into our food supply that makes these non-nutrient foods really, really cheap. Which is why I say it's a social justice issue.
Veste, da vsi mislimo, da moramo jesti več in več in še več. To je velikost porcije, kot jo je določil Oddelek za kmetijstvo, ta miniaturna reč. In ta tukaj, ki je večja kot moja glava, je to, kar McDonalds in Burger King in tista velika podjetja, mislijo, da bi morali jesti. In zakaj nam lahko strežejo tako veliko? Zakaj imamo lahko ogromne količine pijače za 29 centov in dvojne burgerje, ki stanejo 99 centov? To je posledica tega, kako vlada prideluje prehrambene produkte, in cenena koruza in cenena soja, ki jih vsiljujejo v produkcijo hrane, katere rezultat je, da so ne-hranljiva živila zelo, zelo poceni. In zato temu pravim problem socialne nepravičnosti.
Now, I said I'm doing this in Berkeley, and you might think, "Oh, Berkeley. Of course you can do it in Berkeley." Well, this is the food I found 24 months ago. This is not even food. This is the stuff we were feeding our kids: Extremo Burritos, corn dogs, pizza pockets, grilled cheese sandwiches. Everything came in plastic, in cardboard. The only kitchen tools my staff had was a box cutter. The only working piece of equipment in my kitchen was a can crusher, because if it didn't come in a can, it came frozen in a box. The USDA allows this. The USDA allows all of this stuff. In case you can't tell, that's, like, pink Danish and some kind of cupcakes. Chicken nuggets, Tater Tots, chocolate milk with high fructose, canned fruit cocktail -- a reimbursable meal.
Torej, kot sem že rekla, počnem to v Berkeleyu in verjetno mislite, "Oh, Berkeley. Seveda lahko to počneš v Berkeleyu." Torej, tole so živila, ki sem jih odkrila pred 24 meseci. To sploh ni hrana. To je stvar, s katero hranimo naše otroke -- Ekstremni Buritosi. hrenovke v koruznem ovoju, pica žepki, pečeni sendviči s sirom. Vse je zapakirano v plastiki in kartonu. Edini kuhinjski pripomoček, ki so ga imeli moji zaposleni, so bili nožki za odpiranje škatelj. Edini delujoč kuhinjski aparat v moji kuhinji je bil odpirač za konzerve, ker če ni bilo pakirano v konzervi, je bilo dostavljeno zamrznjeno v škatli. Oddelek za kmetijstvo to dovoljuje. Oddelek za kmetijstvo dovoljuje vse te stvari. Če slučajno niste vedeli, tole je rožnata slaščica in neke vrste tortice. Kokošji kroketi, krompirjeve kroglice, čokoladno mleko z visoko vsebnostjo fruktoze, konzerviran sadni kompot -- za ta obrok država povrne denar.
That's what the government says is okay to feed our kids. It ain't okay. You know what? It is not okay. And we, all of us, have to understand that this is about us, that we can make a difference here. Now I don't know if any of you out there invented chicken nuggets, but I'm sure you're rich if you did. But whoever decided that a chicken should look like a heart, a giraffe, a star? Well, Tyson did, because there's no chicken in the chicken. And that they could figure it out, that we could sell this stuff to kids. You know, what's wrong with teaching kids that chicken looks like chicken? But this is what most schools serve. In fact, this may be what a lot of parents serve, as opposed to -- this is what we try and serve.
Za to hrano vlada pravi, da je dovolj dobra za naše otroke. To ni v redu. Veste kaj? To resnično ni v redu. In mi vsi moramo razumeti, da se nas to tiče -- da lahko uvedemo spremembe. Ne vem, če je kateri od vas izumil piščančje krokete, in če je, sem prepričana, da ste obogateli. Toda kdo je tisti, ki je odločil, da bi moralo piščanje meso izgledati takole - kot srce, žirafa, zvezda? Torej, Tyson -- podjetje za predelavo perutnine -- je to storilo, ker v piščancu sploh ni piščanca. In ugotovili so, da lahko to prodajajo otrokom. Kaj je narobe v tem, če učimo otroke, da piščanec izgleda kot piščanec? Ampak tole je tisto, kar večina šol ponuja otrokom. Dejstvo je, da je to tisto, kar verjetno veliko staršev ponuja doma -- nasprotje temu je -- to, kar se mi trudimo ponuditi.
We really need to change this whole paradigm with kids and food. We really have to teach children that chicken is not a giraffe. You know, that vegetables are actually colorful, that they have flavor, that carrots grow in the ground, that strawberries grow in the ground. There's not a strawberry tree or a carrot bush. You know, we have to change the way we teach kids about these things. There's a lot of stuff we can do. There's a lot of schools doing farm-to-school programs. There's a lot of schools actually getting fresh food into schools.
Resnično moramo spremeniti celo paradigmo z otroki in prehrano. Resnično moramo naučiti otroke, da piščanec ni žirafa. Da je zelenjava dejansko najrazličnejših barv -- da ima okus, da korenje raste iz tal, da jagode rastejo iz tal. Da jagodno drevo in korenčkovo grmovje ne obstajajo. Spremeniti moramo način, kako učimo otroke glede teh stvari. Veliko je, kar lahko storimo. Veliko šol je, ki imajo programe od-kmetije-do-šole. Veliko šol je, katerim dejansko dostavljajo svežo hrano.
Now, in Berkeley, we've gone totally fresh. We have no high-fructose corn syrup, no trans fats, no processed foods. We're cooking from scratch every day. We have 25 percent of our -- (Applause) thank you -- 25 percent of our stuff is organic and local. We cook. Those are my hands. I get up at 4 a.m. every day and go cook the food for the kids, because this is what we need to do. We can't keep serving kids processed crap, full of chemicals, and expect these are going to be healthy citizens. You're not going to get the next generation, or the generation after, to be able to think like this if they're not nourished. If they're eating chemicals all the time, they're not going to be able to think. They're not going to be smart. You know what? They're just going to be sick.
V Berkeleyu je vse sveže. Nimamo koruznega sirupa z visoko vsebnostjo fruktoze, nobenih nasičenih maščob ali predelane hrane. Vsak dan kuhamo iz osnovnih sestavin. 25 procentov vseh naših -- (Aplavz) hvala -- 25 procentov naših živil je bio pridelanih in lokalnih. Pri nas kuhamo. To so moje roke. Vstanem ob 4 zjutraj, vsak dan, in grem kuhat hrano za otroke, ker to je to, kar moramo početi. Ne moremo še naprej nuditi otrokom predelanih odpadkov, polnih kemikalij, in pričakovati, da bodo zdravi državljani. Ne bomo nam uspelo prepričati naslednje generacije ali generacije za njimi, da bi razmišljali na ta način, če zanje ne skrbimo. Če jedo kemikalije ves čas, ne bodo mogli razmišljati. Ne bodo pametni. Veste kaj? Enostavno bodo samo bolani.
Now one of the things that -- what happened when I went into Berkeley is I realized that, you know, this was all pretty amazing to people, very, very different, and I needed to market it. I came up with these calendars that I sent home to every parent. And these calendars really started to lay out my program. Now I'm in charge of all the cooking classes and all the gardening classes in our school district. So this is a typical menu. This is what we're serving this week at the schools. And you see these recipes on the side? Those are the recipes that the kids learn in my cooking classes. They do tastings of these ingredients in the gardening classes. They also may be growing them. And we serve them in the cafeterias. If we're going to change children's relationship to food, it's delicious, nutritious food in the cafeterias, hands-on experience -- you're looking in cooking and gardening classes -- and academic curriculum to tie it all together.
Ena od stvari -- kaj se je zgodilo, ko sem šla v Berkeley, je, da sem spoznala, da je bilo vse to precej izjemno za ljudi -- zelo, zelo drugačno -- in sem morala zato oglaševati. Izdelala sem te koledarje, ki sem jih poslala domov staršem. In ti koledarji so predstavili moj program. Zdaj sem vodja vseh kuharskih ur in pouka vrtnarjenja v našem šolskem okrožju. To je tipični jedilnik -- to je to, kar nudimo ta teden v šolah. In vidite te recepte na strani? To so recepti, ki se jih otroci naučijo pri mojih kuharskih urah. Pri urah vrtnarjenja poizkušajo vse te sestavine. Lahko, da jih celo gojijo. In jih potem strežemo v jedilnici. Če bomo spremenili odnos otrok do prehrane, bo to z okusno in hranljivo hrano v jedilnicah. Izkušnje iz prve roke -- kuharske in vrtnarske šolske ure -- in akademski učni načrt, ki bi vse to povezal.
Now you've probably garnered that I don't love the USDA, and I don't have any idea what to do with their pyramid, this upside-down pyramid with a rainbow over the top, I don't know. You know, run up into the end of the rainbow, I don't know what you do with it. So, I came up with my own. This is available on my website in English and Spanish, and it's a visual way to talk to kids about food. The really tiny hamburger, the really big vegetables. We have to start changing this. We have to make kids understand that their food choices make a big difference. We have cooking classes -- we have cooking classrooms in our schools. And why this is so important is that we now have grown a generation, maybe two, of kids where one out of every four meals is eaten in fast food, one of every four meals is eaten in a car and one out of every last four meals is eaten in front of a TV or computer. What are kids learning? Where is the family time? Where is socialization? Where is discussion? Where is learning to talk? You know, we have to change it.
Verjetno ste že doumeli, da ne maram Oddelka za kmetijstvo in nimam prav nobene ideje, kaj naj z njihovo piramido -- ta na glavo obrnjena piramida z mavrico na vrhu, ne vem. Naj tečemo na vrh in na konec mavrice, pojma nimam, kaj naj s tem. Zato sem naredila svojo lastno. Na voljo je na moji spletni strani v angleškem in španskem jeziku, in je vizualni pristop k pogovoru z otroci o prehrani. Miniaturni hamburger, velika zelenjava. Uvesti moramo spremembe. Doseči moramo, da bodo otroci razumeli, da njihove odločitve glede hrane povzročijo velike spremembe. Pri nas imamo kuharski pouk -- na naši šoli imamo kuharske učilnice in to je pomembno zato, ker smo vzgojili generacijo, morda dve, otrok, ki imajo za enega izmed štirih obrokov hitro prehrano, eden izmed štirih obrokov se poje v avtu in en izmed zadnjih štirih obrokov se poje pred TV ali računalnikom. Kaj se ti otroci učijo? Kje je čas za družino? Kje je druženje? Kje so pogovori? Kje je učenje komunikacije? To moramo spremeniti.
I work with kids a lot. These are kids I work with in Harlem. EATWISE -- Enlightened and Aware Teens Who Inspire Smart Eating. We have to teach kids that Coke and Pop Tarts aren't breakfast. We have to teach kids that if they're on a diet of refined sugar, they go up and down, just like if they're on a diet of crack. And we have to pull it all together. We have composting in all of our schools. We have recycling in all of our schools. You know, the things that we maybe do at home and think are so important, we have to teach kids about in school. It has to be so much a part of them that they really get it. Because, you know what, many of us are sort of at the end of our careers, and we need to be giving these kids -- these young kids, the next generation -- the tools to save themselves and save the planet.
Veliko delam z otroci. To so otroci, s katerimi delam v Harlemu. EATWISE -- razsvetljeni in zavedni najstniki, ki navdušujejo prehranjevanje s pametjo. Otroke moramo naučiti, da Cola in Pop Tarts zavitki niso zajtrk. Otroke moramo učiti, da če so na dieti predelanega sladkorja, da bodo nihali gor in dol, kot če bi bili na dieti z drogo. Zajeti moramo vse skupaj. Na naših šolah imamo sistem predelave komposta. Recikliramo v vseh naših šolah. Saj veste, stvari, ki jih počnemo doma, in za katere mislimo, da so pomembne, moramo učiti otroke tudi v šolah. Tako zelo mora to biti del njih samih, da dejansko dojamejo. Kajti, veliko nas je ki smo na koncu naših karier, in moramo nuditi tem otrokom -- tem mladim otrokom, naslednji generaciji -- orodja, da si bodo lahko pomagali sami in da bodo lahko rešili planet.
One of the things I do a lot is public-private partnerships. I work with private companies who are willing to do R & D with me, who are willing to do distribution for me, who are really willing to work to go into schools. Schools are underfunded. Most schools in America spend less than 7,500 dollars a year teaching a child. That comes down to under five dollars an hour. Most of you spend 10, 15 dollars an hour for babysitters when you have them. So we're spending less than 5 dollars an hour on the educational system. And if we're going to change it, and change how we feed kids, we really have to rethink that. So, public and private partnerships, advocacy groups, working with foundations. In our school district, the way we afford this is our school district allocates .03 percent of the general fund towards nutrition services. And I think if every school district allocated a half to one percent, we could start to really fix this program.
Ena od stvari, ki jih počnem, so povezave med zasebnimi in javnimi organizacijami. Sodelujem z zasebnimi organizacijami, ki so pripravljene sodelovati na področju raziskave in razvoja, ki so željne sodelovati v distribuciji, ki so resnično željne sodelovanja s šolami. Šole niso dovolj financirane. Večina šol v Ameriki potroši manj kot 7500 dolarjev na leto za izobraževanje otroka. To je manj kot pet dolarjev na uro. Večina vas potroši 10, 15 dolarjev na uro, ko najamete varuške. In mi trošimo manj kot 5 dolarjev na uro za šolski sistem. In če ga bomo kdaj spremenili, in če bomo spremenili način, kako hranimo otroke. moramo resnično premisliti celo stvar. Torej, partnerstva med javnimi in zasebnimi organizacijami, zagovorniške skupine, delo s skladi. V našem šolskem okrožju, način, da si lahko to privoščimo je, da naše šolsko okrožje dodeli 0,03 procente glavnega sklada za prehrambene storitve. In moje mnenje je, da če vsako šolsko okrožje dodeli pol do enega procenta, da lahko dejansko začnemo s popravilom programa.
We really need to change it. It's going to take more money. Of course, it's not all about food; it's also about kids getting exercise. And one of the simple things we can do is put recess before lunch. It's sort of this "duh" thing. You know, if you have kids coming into lunch and all they're going to do when they get out of lunch is go to have recess, you see them just throw away their lunch so they can run outside. And then, at one in the afternoon, they're totally crashing. These are your children and grandchildren that are totally melting down when you pick them up, because they haven't had lunch. So if the only thing they'd have to do after lunch is go to class, believe me, they're going to sit there and eat their lunch.
Resnično ga moramo spremeniti. In potrebovali bomo še več finančnih sredstev. Seveda stvar ni samo v hrani -- otroci potrebujejo veliko gibanja in ena preprosith stvari, ki jih lahko naredimo, je odmor pred kosilom. To je ena tistih očitnih stvari, ko gredo otroci na kosilo in takoj ko zaključijo s kosilom, imajo odmor, vidiš, kako vržejo stran kosilo, ker se jim mudi ven in potem so okrog enih popoldan popolnoma sesuti. To so vaši otroci in vaši vnuki, ki so popolnoma izčrpani, ko jih pridete iskat, ker niso jedli kosila. Če bi bil torej pouk takoj po kosilu, verjemite mi, bi sedeli tam in jedli kosilo.
We need to -- we need to educate. We need to educate the kids. We need to educate the staff. I had 90 employees. Two were supposed to be cooks -- none could. And, you know, I'm not that better off now. But we really have to educate. We have to get academic institutions to start thinking about ways to teach people how to cook again, because, of course, they don't -- because we've had this processed food in schools and institutions for so long. We need 40-minute lunches -- most schools have 20-minute lunches -- and lunches that are time-appropriate. There was just a big study done, and so many schools are starting lunch at nine and 10 in the morning. That is not lunchtime.
Moramo -- moramo jih izobraziti. Izobraziti moramo otroke. Izobraziti moramo zaposlene. Jaz sem imela 90 zaposlenih. Dva naj bi bila kuharja -- a noben ni znal kuhati. In, da veste, tudi zdaj ni veliko boljše. Resnično moramo izobraževati. Izobraževalne inštitucije morajo začeti razmišljati o tem, kako ponovno naučiti ljudi kuhanja, kajti, tega seveda ne počno -- predelano hrano smo imeli v šolah in inštitucijah že predolgo. Potrebujemo 40 minutna kosila -- kosilo v večini šol traja 20 minut -- in kosila, ki so ob ustreznem času. Pravkar so naredili veliko raziskavo, in veliko šol začenjajo kosila ob 9. ali 10. zjutraj -- to ni čas za kosilo.
You know, it's crazy. It's crazy what we're doing. And just remember, at very least tacitly, this is what we're teaching children as what they should be doing. I think if we're going to fix this, one of the things we have to do is really change how we have oversight over the National School Lunch Program. Instead of the National School Lunch Program being under the USDA, I think it should be under CDC. If we started to think about food and how we feed our kids as a health initiative, and we started thinking about food as health, then I think we wouldn't have corn dogs as lunch.
To je noro, noro je to, kar počnemo. In pomnite, četudi po zgledu, to je to, kar učimo otroke kaj bi morali početi. Mislim, da če bomo to kdaj spremenili, je ena od stvari, ki jih moramo storiti, dejansko sprememba nadzora nad Nacionalnim programom šolskih kosil Namesto, da bo ta program pod Oddelkom za kmetijstvo, mislim, da bi moral biti pod Centrom za kontrolo bolezni. Če začnemo razmišljati o hrani in o tem, kako prehranjujemo naše otroke, kot zdravsvteno pobudo in če začnemo razmišljati o hrani kot zdravju, potem, mislim, da ne bi imeli hrenovk oblitih s koruznim testom za kosilo.
Okay, Finance 101 on this, and this -- I'm sort of wrapping it up with this finance piece, because I think this is something we all have to understand. The National School Lunch Program spends 8 billion dollars feeding 30 million children a year. That number probably needs to double. People say, "Oh my God, where are we going to get 8 billion?" In this country, we're spending 110 billion dollars a year on fast food. We spend 100 billion dollars a year on diet aids. We spend 50 billion dollars on vegetables, which is why we need all the diet aids. We spend 200 billion dollars a year on diet-related illness today, with nine percent of our kids having type 2 diabetes. 200 billion.
Uvod v finance na to temo, in tako -- zaključujem govor s podatki o financah, kajti mislim, da je to nekaj, kar moramo vsi razumeti. Nacionalni program šolskih kosil potroši 8 milijard dolarjev za prehrano 30 milijonov otrok na leto. Ta številka bi verjetno morala biti podvojena. Ljudje rečejo: "Ljubi bog, kje bomo dobili 8 milijard dolarjev?" V naši državi potrošimo 110 milijard dolarjev letno za hitro prehrano. 100 miljiard dolarjev letno potrošimo na pripomočkih za diete. 50 milijard je potrošenih za zelenjavo, kar je razlog, zakaj rebimo vse tiste pripomočke za dieto. 200 milijard dolarjev na leto potrošimo za bolezni, povezane s prehrano, z devet procenti otrok, ki imajo sladkorno bolezen tipa 2 -- 200 milijard.
So you know what, when we talk about needing 8 billion more, it's not a lot. That 8 billion comes down to two dollars and 49 cents -- that's what the government allocates for lunch. Most school districts spend two thirds of that on payroll and overhead. That means we spend less than a dollar a day on food for kids in schools -- most schools, 80 to 90 cents. In L.A., it's 56 cents. So we're spending less than a dollar, OK, on lunch. Now I don't know about you, but I go to Starbucks and Pete's and places like that, and venti latte in San Francisco is five dollars. One gourmet coffee, one, is more -- we spend more on than we are spending to feed kids for an entire week in our schools.
In veste kaj, ko govorimo o tem, da potrebujemo 8 miljard, to sploh ni veliko. Teh 8 miljard se prenese v dva dolarja in 49 centov -- to je kolikor država dodeli za kosila. Večina šolskih okrajev potroši dve tretjini tega za plačniške in režijske stroške. To pomeni, da potrošimo manj kot dolar na dan za prehrano za otroke v šolah -- večina šol 80 do 90 centov. V Los Angelesu 56 centov. Trošimo torej manj kot dolar na kosilo. Za vas ne vem, ampak jaz hodim v Starbucks kavarno in Pete's in podobno, in velika kava z mlekom v San Franciscu stane pet dolarjev. Ena gurmanska kava, ena -- je več, kot kar potrošimo za prehrano naših otrok v celem tednu v naših šolah.
You know what? We should be ashamed. We, as a country, should be ashamed at that. The richest country. In our country, it's the kids that need it the most, who get this really, really lousy food. It's the kids who have parents and grandparents and uncles and aunts that can't even afford to pay for school lunch that gets this food. And those are the same kids who are going to be getting sick. Those are the same kids who we should be taking care of.
Veste kaj? Moralo bi nas biti sram. Mi, kot država, bi morali biti osramočeni pri tem, da smo -- najbogatejša država. V naši državi so tisti otroci, ki jo najbolj potrebujejo, ravno ti, ki dobijo zelo, zelo zanič hrano. Otroci, ki imajo starše in stare starše in strice in tete, ki si ne morejo niti privoščiti plačila za šolsko kosilo, ti so tisti, ki dobijo to hrano. In to so isti otroci ki bodo potem zboleli. In to so ti isti otroci, za katere bi morali skrbeti.
We can all make a difference. That every single one of us, whether we have children, whether we care about children, whether we have nieces or nephews, or anything -- that we can make a difference. Whether you sit down and eat a meal with your kids, whether you take your kids, or grandchildren, or nieces and nephews shopping to a farmers' market. Just do tastings with them. Sit down and care. And on the macro level, we're in what seems to be a 19-month presidential campaign, and of all the things we're asking all of these potential leaders, what about asking for the health of our children? Thank you.
Vsi skupaj lahko naredimo spremembo -- vsak od nas, če imamo otroke, ali če nam je mar za otroke, ali če imamo nečake in nečakinje, ali kar koli že -- lahko uvedemo spremembe. Lahko se usedete s svojimi otroci in jeste obrok skupaj, ali če peljete otroke ali vnuke ali nečake in nečakinje po nakupih na kmečko tržnico -- peljite jih na pokušine. Vsedite se in pokažite, da vam je mar. In s še večjega vidika, smo sredi kar se zdi že 19 mesečne predsedniške kampanje in od vseh stvari, za katere naprošamo vse te politične voditelje, kaj, če bi jih prosili za zdravje naših otrok? Hvala. Hvala.