Last year I showed these two slides so that demonstrate that the arctic ice cap, which for most of the last three million years has been the size of the lower 48 states, has shrunk by 40 percent. But this understates the seriousness of this particular problem because it doesn't show the thickness of the ice. The arctic ice cap is, in a sense, the beating heart of the global climate system. It expands in winter and contracts in summer. The next slide I show you will be a rapid fast-forward of what's happened over the last 25 years. The permanent ice is marked in red. As you see, it expands to the dark blue -- that's the annual ice in winter, and it contracts in summer. The so-called permanent ice, five years old or older, you can see is almost like blood, spilling out of the body here. In 25 years it's gone from this, to this.
Mwaka jana nilionyesha hizi kurasa mbili ili kuthibitisha kuwa barafu inayofunika arctic, ambayo kwa zaidi ya miaka milioni tatu iliyopita imekuwa na ukubwa unaopungua kidogo ya ule wa majimbo 48, imepungua kwa asilimia 40. Lakini hii inapunguza msisitizo wa tatizo hili mahsusi kwa sababu haionyeshi unene wa barafu. Mfuniko wa barafu wa arctic ni, kwa matazamo, Mapigo ya moyo wa mfumo wa tabia nchi wa dunia. Inatanuka wakati wa masika na kusinyaa wakati wa kiangazi. Kurasa inayofuata nawaonesha (barafu) itatoweka kwa kasi zaidi kuliko ilivyotokea miaka 25 iliyopita. Barafu ya kudumu imewekewa alama nyekundu. Kama mnavyoona, inatanuka kuelekea rangi ya bluu iliyokolea. Hiyo ni barafu ya mwaka wakati wa masika. Na inasinyaa wakati wa kiangazi. Kilichoitwa barafu ya kudumu, katika umri wa miaka mitano, mnaona imekuwa kama damu, ikitiririka kutoka mwilini hapa. Ndani ya miaka 25 imetoweka kutoka hii, hadi hii.
This is a problem because the warming heats up the frozen ground around the Arctic Ocean, where there is a massive amount of frozen carbon which, when it thaws, is turned into methane by microbes. Compared to the total amount of global warming pollution in the atmosphere, that amount could double if we cross this tipping point. Already in some shallow lakes in Alaska, methane is actively bubbling up out of the water. Professor Katey Walter from the University of Alaska went out with another team to another shallow lake last winter. Video: Whoa! (Laughter) Al Gore: She's okay. The question is whether we will be.
Hili ni tatizo kwa kuwa kuongezeka kwa joto, kunapasha ardhi iliyoganda kuzunguka bahari ya arctic ambayo ina kiasi kikubwa cha ukaa ulioganda ambao, unapoyeyuka, unabadilishwa na wadudu wadogo kuwa methini. Ukilinganisha na jumla ya uchafuzi wa anga wenye kuleta ongezeko la joto duniani, Kiasi hiki chaweza`kuwa mara mbili endapo tutavuka ncha hii hatari. Tayari katika maziwa ya kina kifupi yaliyoko Alaska methini inatoka majini kama mapovu yenye nguvu. Profesa Katey Walter kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Alaska alienda pamoja na timu nyingine kwenye ziwa jingine fupi wakati wa masika iliyopita. Whoa! Yuko sawa. Swali ni iwapo tutakuwa.
And one reason is, this enormous heat sink heats up Greenland from the north. This is an annual melting river. But the volumes are much larger than ever. This is the Kangerlussuaq River in southwest Greenland. If you want to know how sea level rises from land-base ice melting this is where it reaches the sea. These flows are increasing very rapidly. At the other end of the planet, Antarctica the largest mass of ice on the planet. Last month scientists reported the entire continent is now in negative ice balance. And west Antarctica cropped up on top some under-sea islands, is particularly rapid in its melting. That's equal to 20 feet of sea level, as is Greenland.
Na sababu moja ni, hili joto kuu linaloshuka likipasha joto Greenland kutoka kaskazini. Huu ni mto unaoyeyuka mwaka mzima. Lakini kiasi cha ujazo ni kikubwa kuliko wakati wote. Huu ni mto Kangerlussuaq kusini magharibi mwa Greenland. Kama unataka kujua jinsi kina cha bahari kinavyoongezeka kutokana na kuyeyuka kwa ardhi-barafu hapa ndipo huingilia baharini. Mitiririko hii inaongezeka kwa kasi sana. Pale Antarctica, mwisho mwingine wa sayari, kuna mlundikano mkubwa zaidi wa barafu katika sayari hii. Mwezi uliopita wanasayansi waliripoti bara nzima lina barafu katika mizania hasi. Na Antarctica magharibi ambayo imezuka ghafla juu ya baadhi ya visiwa ndani ya bahari, Ni mahsusi kwa kuyeyuka haraka. Hiyo si sawa na futi 20 za usawa wa bahari, kama ilivyo Greenland.
In the Himalayas, the third largest mass of ice: at the top you see new lakes, which a few years ago were glaciers. 40 percent of all the people in the world get half of their drinking water from that melting flow. In the Andes, this glacier is the source of drinking water for this city. The flows have increased. But when they go away, so does much of the drinking water. In California there has been a 40 percent decline in the Sierra snowpack. This is hitting the reservoirs. And the predictions, as you've read, are serious.
Himalaya, ina mkusanyiko wa barafu wa tatu kwa ukubwa, Juu yake unaona maziwa mapya, ambayo miaka michache iliyopita yalikuwa barafu. Asilimia 40 ya watu wote duniani wanapata nusu ya maji ya kunywa kutokana na kuyeyuka kunakotoa mtiririko huo. Katika Andes, hii barafu ni chanzo cha maji ya kunywa kwa jiji hili. Mitiririko imeongezeka. Lakini kadiri yanavyotoweka, vivyo hivyo na maji ya kunywa Huko California asilimia 40 ya mlundikano ya barafu wa Sierra umepungua. Hili linaathiri akiba ya maji. Na tabiri, kama mlivyosoma, ni makini.
This drying around the world has lead to a dramatic increase in fires. And the disasters around the world have been increasing at an absolutely extraordinary and unprecedented rate. Four times as many in the last 30 years as in the previous 75. This is a completely unsustainable pattern. If you look at in the context of history you can see what this is doing.
Huku kukauka kwa dunia kumepelekea Ongezeko kubwa la mioto. Na maafa duniani kote yamekuwa yakiongezeka kwa kiwango kisicho cha kawaida na kwa kasi ya kutisha. Mara nne zaidi katika miaka 30 iliyopita kama ilivyo kwa miaka 75 ya karibuni. Huu ni mpangilio usio endelevu kabisa. Kama ukiangalia katika muktadha wa historia unaweza kuona hii inafanya nini.
In the last five years we've added 70 million tons of CO2 every 24 hours -- 25 million tons every day to the oceans. Look carefully at the area of the eastern Pacific, from the Americas, extending westward, and on either side of the Indian subcontinent, where there is a radical depletion of oxygen in the oceans. The biggest single cause of global warming, along with deforestation, which is 20 percent of it, is the burning of fossil fuels. Oil is a problem, and coal is the most serious problem. The United States is one of the two largest emitters, along with China. And the proposal has been to build a lot more coal plants.
Katika miaka mitano iliyopita Tumeongeza tani milioni 70 za hewa ya ukaa kila saa 24 -- tani milioni 25 kila siku kwenda baharini. Angalia kwa makini eneo la mashariki mwa Pacific, kutoka Amerika, likitanuka kuelekea magharibi na upande wowote wa bara dogo la India, ambako hewa ya oksijeni katika bahari inaisha kwa kasi. Sababu moja kubwa ya ongezeko la joto duniani sambamba na ukataji hovyo wa miti, ambao ni asilimia 20, ni nishati itokanayo na visukuku Mafuta ni tatizo, na makaa ya wawe ni tatizo kubwa kuliko yote. Marekani ni moja ya nchi mbili kubwa zinazotoa gesi joto, sambamba na China. Na pendekezo limekuwa kujenga viwanda zaidi vya makaa ya mawe.
But we're beginning to see a sea change. Here are the ones that have been cancelled in the last few years with some green alternatives proposed. (Applause) However there is a political battle in our country. And the coal industries and the oil industries spent a quarter of a billion dollars in the last calendar year promoting clean coal, which is an oxymoron. That image reminded me of something. (Laughter) Around Christmas, in my home in Tennessee, a billion gallons of coal sludge was spilled. You probably saw it on the news. This, all over the country, is the second largest waste stream in America. This happened around Christmas. One of the coal industry's ads around Christmas was this one.
Lakini tulikuwa tunaanza kuona badiliko. Hapa ni mpango mmoja uliovunjwa miaka michache iliyopita Kukiwa na mapendekezo mbadala ya kijani. (Makofi) Hata hivyo kuna vita ya kisiasa nchini mwetu. Na viwanda vya makaa ya mawe na viwanda vya mafuta vilitumia dola robo bilioni katika mwaka wa kalenda uliopita kutangaza makaa safi ya mawe, ambayo ni utatanishi. Picha hiyo ilinikumbusha kitu (Kicheko) Karibia na Krismas, nyumbani kwangu Tennessee, galoni bilioni za majimaji ya makaa ya mawe zilivuja. Huenda mliiona kwenye habari. Hiki, nchini kote, ni kijito cha pili kwa ukubwa cha uchafu katika Marekani. Hii ilitokea karibu na Krismas. Moja ya matangazo kutoka kiwanda cha makaa ya mawe karibia Krismas lilikuwa hili,
Video: ♪♫ Frosty the coal man is a jolly, happy soul. He's abundant here in America, and he helps our economy grow. Frosty the coal man is getting cleaner everyday. He's affordable and adorable, and workers keep their pay.
Bila bashasha Kaa-jiwe-mtu ni mchangamfu, akiishi kwa furaha. Anapatikana kwa wingi hapa Marekani, Na anasaidia uchumi wetu kukua. Bila bashasha kaa–jiwe-mtu anakuwa safi kila siku, gharama yake ni ndogo na anapendwa, na watumishi wanabakiza malipo yao.
Al Gore: This is the source of much of the coal in West Virginia. The largest mountaintop miner is the head of Massey Coal.
Hiki ni chanzo cha kiasi kikubwa cha makaa ya mawe katika Virginia Magharibi Mchimbaji mkubwa kuliko wote ni mkuu wa kampuni ya makaa ya mawe ya Massey
Video: Don Blankenship: Let me be clear about it. Al Gore, Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid, they don't know what they're talking about.
Ngoja niwe wazi kuhusu hiyo. Al Gore, Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid, hawajui wanalozungumzia.
Al Gore: So the Alliance for Climate Protection has launched two campaigns. This is one of them, part of one of them.
Kwa hiyo Muungano wa Kulinda Tabia Nchi umezindua kampeni mbili. Hii ni mojawapo, sehemu ya mojawapo.
Video: Actor: At COALergy we view climate change as a very serious threat to our business. That's why we've made it our primary goal to spend a large sum of money on an advertising effort to help bring out and complicate the truth about coal. The fact is, coal isn't dirty. We think it's clean -- smells good, too. So don't worry about climate change. Leave that up to us. (Laughter)
Pale COALergy tunaona mabadiliko ya tabia nchi kama tishio kubwa kwa biashara zetu. Ndio maana tumelifanya lengo letu la msingi kutumia kiasi kikubwa cha fedha katika juhudi za kutangaza kuweza kuuweka wazi na kwa ujumla wake uweki kuhusu makaa ya mawe. Ukweli ni kuwa, makaa ya mawe sio uchafu. Tunadhani ni safi – ina harufu nzuri, pia. Hivyo msijali kuhusu mabadiliko ya tabia nchi. Tuachie sisi. (Kicheko)
Video: Actor: Clean coal -- you've heard a lot about it. So let's take a tour of this state-of-the-art clean coal facility. Amazing! The machinery is kind of loud. But that's the sound of clean coal technology. And while burning coal is one of the leading causes of global warming, the remarkable clean coal technology you see here changes everything. Take a good long look: this is today's clean coal technology.
Makaa safi ya mawe, mmesikia mengi kuyahusu. Hivyo hebu tutalii nyenzo yetu mahiri ya makaa safi ya mawe. Yashangaza! Mashine ni aina ya kelele. Lakini hiyo ni sauti ya teknolojia ya makaa safi ya mawe. Na wakati kuchoma makaa ya mawe ni moja ya sababu kuu za ongezeko la joto duniani, teknolojia ya kipekee ya makaa safi ya mawe mnayoona hapa inabadilisha kila kitu. Angalia kwa kirefu, hii ni teknolojia ya kisasa ya makaa safi ya mawe.
Al Gore: Finally, the positive alternative meshes with our economic challenge and our national security challenge.
Mwisho mbadala chanya Unaoana na changamoto zetu za kiuchumi na changamoto zetu za usalama wa taifa.
Video: Narrator: America is in crisis -- the economy, national security, the climate crisis. The thread that links them all: our addiction to carbon based fuels, like dirty coal and foreign oil. But now there is a bold new solution to get us out of this mess. Repower America with 100 percent clean electricity within 10 years. A plan to put America back to work, make us more secure, and help stop global warming. Finally, a solution that's big enough to solve our problems. Repower America. Find out more.
Marekani ipo katika mzozo, uchumi, Usalama wa taifa, mzozo wa tabia nchi. Utando unaziunganisha zote, mazoea yetu ya nishati zitokanazo na ukaa, kama makaa ya mawe chafu na mafuta ya kigeni. Lakini sasa kuna suluhisho mpya thabiti la kututoa katika vurugu hili. Kuipa nguvu mpya Marekani kwa kuwa na umeme safi kwa asilimia 100, ndani ya miaka 10. Mpango wa kuirejesha Marekani kazini, unatufanya tuwe salama, na unasaidia kusimamisha ongezeko la joto duniani. Mwisho, suluhisho lililo kubwa vya kutosha kusuluhisha matatizo yetu. Kuipa nguvu mpya Marekani. Tafuta zaidi.
Al Gore: This is the last one.
Hii ni ya mwisho.
Video: Narrator: It's about repowering America. One of the fastest ways to cut our dependence on old dirty fuels that are killing our planet. Man: Future's over here. Wind, sun, a new energy grid. Man #2: New investments to create high-paying jobs. Narrator: Repower America. It's time to get real.
Inahusu kuipa nguvu mpya Marekani. Moja ya njia za haraka kupunguza utegemezi wetu kwenye nishati chafu ya kizamani inayoua sayari yetu. Mustakabali wetu upo hapa. Upepo, jua, nishati mpya ya gridi. Uwekezaji mpya unaotengeneza ajira mpya zenye malipo makubwa. Ipe nguvu mpya Marekani. Ni wakati wa kupata usahihi.
Al Gore: There is an old African proverb that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." We need to go far, quickly. Thank you very much. (Applause)
Kuna methali ya kale ya Kiafrika isemayo, "Kama unataka kwenda haraka, nenda mwenyewe. Kama unataka kwenda mbali, nenda pamoja." Tunataka kwenda mbali, kwa haraka. Asanteni sana. (Makofi)