Last year I showed these two slides so that demonstrate that the arctic ice cap, which for most of the last three million years has been the size of the lower 48 states, has shrunk by 40 percent. But this understates the seriousness of this particular problem because it doesn't show the thickness of the ice. The arctic ice cap is, in a sense, the beating heart of the global climate system. It expands in winter and contracts in summer. The next slide I show you will be a rapid fast-forward of what's happened over the last 25 years. The permanent ice is marked in red. As you see, it expands to the dark blue -- that's the annual ice in winter, and it contracts in summer. The so-called permanent ice, five years old or older, you can see is almost like blood, spilling out of the body here. In 25 years it's gone from this, to this.
Prošle godine sam prikazao ova dva slajda kako bih pokazao da se arktički ledeni pokrivač, koji je u poslednjih tri miliona godina uglavnom bio veličine 48 država kontinentalne SAD, smanjio za 40%. Ali ovo ne ukazuje u potpunosti na ozbiljnost ovog specifičnog problema jer ne pokazuje debljinu leda. Arktički ledeni pokrivač je na neki nacin lupajuće srce globalnog klimatskog sistema. Zimi se širi, a leti smanjuje. Na sledećem slajdu koji ću vam pokazati ćete videti ubrzano šta se desilo u poslednjih 25 godina. Trajni led je označen crvenom. Kao što vidite, širi se u tamno plavu. To je godišnji led u toku zime. I skuplja se tokom leta. Ovaj, takozvani trajni led, star 5 ili više godina je, i sami vidite, skoro kao krv, koja curi iz ovog tela. Za 25 godina je prešao iz ovoga u ovo.
This is a problem because the warming heats up the frozen ground around the Arctic Ocean, where there is a massive amount of frozen carbon which, when it thaws, is turned into methane by microbes. Compared to the total amount of global warming pollution in the atmosphere, that amount could double if we cross this tipping point. Already in some shallow lakes in Alaska, methane is actively bubbling up out of the water. Professor Katey Walter from the University of Alaska went out with another team to another shallow lake last winter. Video: Whoa! (Laughter) Al Gore: She's okay. The question is whether we will be.
Ovo predstavlja problem jer zagrevanje zagreva zaleđenu zemlju oko arktičkog okeana gde se nalazi ogromna količina zaleđenog ugljenika koji, kada se topi, mikrobi pretvaraju u metan. U poređenju sa totalnom količinom zagašenja izazvanim globalnim zagrevanjem u atmosferi ta količina bi mogla da se udvostruči ako pređemo tačku preokreta. U nekim plitkim jezerima na Aljasci, već možemo videti kako metan u vidu mehura izlazi iz vode. Profesor Kejti Volter sa Univerziteta u Aljasci je sa drugim timom otišla u jedno plitko jezero prošle zime. Video: Jao! (Smeh). Al Gor: ona je dobro. Pitanje je da li ćemo i mi biti.
And one reason is, this enormous heat sink heats up Greenland from the north. This is an annual melting river. But the volumes are much larger than ever. This is the Kangerlussuaq River in southwest Greenland. If you want to know how sea level rises from land-base ice melting this is where it reaches the sea. These flows are increasing very rapidly. At the other end of the planet, Antarctica the largest mass of ice on the planet. Last month scientists reported the entire continent is now in negative ice balance. And west Antarctica cropped up on top some under-sea islands, is particularly rapid in its melting. That's equal to 20 feet of sea level, as is Greenland.
A jedan od razloga je taj što ova ogromna upijena toplota zagreva Grenland sa severa. Ovo je reka koja nastaje topljenjem leda svake godine. Ali njena zapremina je veća nego ikada. Ovo je reka Kangerlusak u jugozapadnom Grenlandu. Ako želite da znate kako se podiže nivo mora zbog topljenje leda na kopnu ovo je tačka gde reka dolazi do mora. Ovakve bujice veoma brzo rastu. Na drugom kraju planete, Antarktiku, najvećoj masi leda na planeti. Prošlog meseca naučnici su saopštili da ceo kontinent sada ima negativan bilans leda. A zapadni Antarktik koji se nalazi na vrhu nekoliko podvodnih ostrva se posebno brzo topi. To odgovara 6 metara morske dubine, kao i Grenland.
In the Himalayas, the third largest mass of ice: at the top you see new lakes, which a few years ago were glaciers. 40 percent of all the people in the world get half of their drinking water from that melting flow. In the Andes, this glacier is the source of drinking water for this city. The flows have increased. But when they go away, so does much of the drinking water. In California there has been a 40 percent decline in the Sierra snowpack. This is hitting the reservoirs. And the predictions, as you've read, are serious.
Na Himalajima, trećoj najvećoj masi leda na svetu, na vrhu se vide nova jezera, koja su pre nekoliko godina bila glečeri. 40% svih ljudi na svetu dobija polovinu pijuće vode iz te otopljene bujice. U Andima, glečer je izvor pijaće vode za ovaj grad. Bujice su se povećale. Ali kada prođu, sa njima nestane i većina pijaće vode. U Kaliforniji se snežni pokrivač u Sijeri smanjio za 40%. Ovo utiče i na rezervoare. A predviđanja su, kao što ste pročitali, ozbiljna.
This drying around the world has lead to a dramatic increase in fires. And the disasters around the world have been increasing at an absolutely extraordinary and unprecedented rate. Four times as many in the last 30 years as in the previous 75. This is a completely unsustainable pattern. If you look at in the context of history you can see what this is doing.
Ovo isušivanje u svetu je dovelo do dramatičnog povećanja požara. A prirodne nepogode širom sveta rastu apsolutno izuzetnom i ranije neviđenom stopom. Bilo ih je četiri puta više u poslednjih 30 godina nego u poslednjih 75. Ovo je potpuno neodrživ model. Ako na to gledate u kontekstu istorije možete da vidite šta je posledica toga.
In the last five years we've added 70 million tons of CO2 every 24 hours -- 25 million tons every day to the oceans. Look carefully at the area of the eastern Pacific, from the Americas, extending westward, and on either side of the Indian subcontinent, where there is a radical depletion of oxygen in the oceans. The biggest single cause of global warming, along with deforestation, which is 20 percent of it, is the burning of fossil fuels. Oil is a problem, and coal is the most serious problem. The United States is one of the two largest emitters, along with China. And the proposal has been to build a lot more coal plants.
U poslednjih pet godina dodali smo 70 miliona tona CO2 svakih 24 sata - 25 miliona tona dnevno u okeane. Pažljivo pogledajte površinu istočnog Pacifika, od Amerike, idući ka zapadu, i sa obe strane indijskog potkontinenta, gde je došlo do radikalnog iscrpljivanja kiseonika iz okeana. Jedan od najvećih individualnih uzroka globalnog zagrevanja, zajedno sa krčenjem šuma, na koje odlazi 20%, je sagorevanje fosilnih goriva. Nafta predstavlja problem, ali ugalj predstavlja najozbiljniji problem. SAD su jedan od dva najveća zagađivača, zajedno sa Kinom. A postoji i plan da se izgradi jos više termoelektrana na bazi uglja.
But we're beginning to see a sea change. Here are the ones that have been cancelled in the last few years with some green alternatives proposed. (Applause) However there is a political battle in our country. And the coal industries and the oil industries spent a quarter of a billion dollars in the last calendar year promoting clean coal, which is an oxymoron. That image reminded me of something. (Laughter) Around Christmas, in my home in Tennessee, a billion gallons of coal sludge was spilled. You probably saw it on the news. This, all over the country, is the second largest waste stream in America. This happened around Christmas. One of the coal industry's ads around Christmas was this one.
Ali počinjemo da uviđamo promenu. Evo nekih projekata koji su otkazani u poslednjih nekoliko godina sa nekim od predloženih ekoloških alternativa. (Aplauz) Međutim, postoji i politička bitka u našoj zemlji. A industrije uglja i nafte su potrošile ¼ milijarde dolara u protekloj kalendarskoj godini na promociju "čistog" (ekološkog) uglja što je oksimoron. Ta slika me je podsetila na nešto. (Smeh) Oko Božića, kod moje kuće u Tenesiju, prosuto je oko 3.8 milijarde litara ugljanog mulja. Verovatno ste videli na vestima. Ovo, širom cele zemlje, je drugi po redu najveći izvor đubrišta u Americi. To se desilo oko Božića. Ovo je bila jedna od reklama industrije uglja oko Božića:
Video: ♪♫ Frosty the coal man is a jolly, happy soul. He's abundant here in America, and he helps our economy grow. Frosty the coal man is getting cleaner everyday. He's affordable and adorable, and workers keep their pay.
Video: ♪♫ Ledenko, ugljeni čovek je vesela i srećna duša. Ima ga u izobilju ovde u Americi, i on pomaže našoj ekonomiji da raste. Ledenko, ugljeni čovek je svakog dana sve čistiji. On je jeftin i divan, a radnici imaju svoju platu.
Al Gore: This is the source of much of the coal in West Virginia. The largest mountaintop miner is the head of Massey Coal.
Al Gor: ovo je izvor većine uglja u Zapadnoj Virdžiniji. Najveći planinski rudnik površinskog kopa je Masi Koal.
Video: Don Blankenship: Let me be clear about it. Al Gore, Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid, they don't know what they're talking about.
Video: Don Blankenšip: dozvolite da budem jasan. Al Gor, Nensi Pelozi, Heri Rid, oni nemaju pojma o čemu pričaju.
Al Gore: So the Alliance for Climate Protection has launched two campaigns. This is one of them, part of one of them.
Al Gor: dakle, Savez za zaštitu klime je lansirao dve kampanje. Ovo je jedna od njih, deo jedne od njih.
Video: Actor: At COALergy we view climate change as a very serious threat to our business. That's why we've made it our primary goal to spend a large sum of money on an advertising effort to help bring out and complicate the truth about coal. The fact is, coal isn't dirty. We think it's clean -- smells good, too. So don't worry about climate change. Leave that up to us. (Laughter)
Video: glumac: U UGLJO-energiji gledamo na klimatske promene kao na veoma ozbiljnu pretnju našem poslovanju. Zato je naš osnovni cilj da potrošimo veliku sumu novca na promotivan trud kako bismo doprineli isticanju i komplikovanju istine o uglju. Činjenica je da ugalj nije prljav. Mi mislimo da je čist - i lepo miriše. Tako da nemojte da brinete o klimatskoj promeni. Prepustite to nama. (Smeh)
Video: Actor: Clean coal -- you've heard a lot about it. So let's take a tour of this state-of-the-art clean coal facility. Amazing! The machinery is kind of loud. But that's the sound of clean coal technology. And while burning coal is one of the leading causes of global warming, the remarkable clean coal technology you see here changes everything. Take a good long look: this is today's clean coal technology.
Video: glumac: čist ugalj, dosta ste čuli o tome. Zato hajde da obiđemo ovaj vrhunski objekat čistog uglja. Neverovatno! Mašinerija je prilično glasna. Ali to je zvuk tehnologije čistog uglja. I dok je sagorevanje uglja jedan od vodećih uzroka globalnog zagrevanja, izvanredna tehnologija čistog uglja koju ovde vidite menja sve. Dobro pogledajte, ovo je današnja tehnologija čistog uglja.
Al Gore: Finally, the positive alternative meshes with our economic challenge and our national security challenge.
Al Gor: konačno, pozitivna opcija se prepliće sa našim ekonomskim izazovom i izazovom naše državne bezbednosti.
Video: Narrator: America is in crisis -- the economy, national security, the climate crisis. The thread that links them all: our addiction to carbon based fuels, like dirty coal and foreign oil. But now there is a bold new solution to get us out of this mess. Repower America with 100 percent clean electricity within 10 years. A plan to put America back to work, make us more secure, and help stop global warming. Finally, a solution that's big enough to solve our problems. Repower America. Find out more.
Video: narator: Amerika je u krizi, ekonomija, državna bezbednost, klimatska kriza. Nit koja sve njih povezuje je naša zavisnost od goriva baziranih na ugljeniku, kao što su prljavi ugalj i nafta uvezena iz inostranstva. Ali postoji smelo, novo rešenje koje će nas izvaditi iz ovog nereda. Osnažimo Ameriku sa 100% čistom strujom, za 10 godina. Plan koji će ponovo zaposliti Ameriku, učiniti nas sigurnijima i pomoći da se zaustavi globalno zagrevanje. Konačno, rešenje koje je dovoljno veliko da reši naše probleme. Osnažimo Ameriku. Saznajte više.
Al Gore: This is the last one.
Al Gor: ovo je poslednji.
Video: Narrator: It's about repowering America. One of the fastest ways to cut our dependence on old dirty fuels that are killing our planet. Man: Future's over here. Wind, sun, a new energy grid. Man #2: New investments to create high-paying jobs. Narrator: Repower America. It's time to get real.
Video: narator: radi se o osnaživanju Amerike. Jedan od najbržih načina da smanjimo našu zavisnost na stara, prljava goriva koja ubijaju našu planetu. Čovek: budućnost je ovde. Vetar, sunce, nova energetska mreža. Čovek #2: nove investicije za stvaranje visoko plaćenih poslova. Narator: osnažimo Ameriku. Vreme je da se uozbiljimo.
Al Gore: There is an old African proverb that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." We need to go far, quickly. Thank you very much. (Applause)
Al Gor: postoji stara afrička poslovica koja kaže: "Ako hoćete da idete brzo, idite sami. Ako hoćete da stignete daleko, idite zajedno." Mi moramo da idemo daleko, veoma brzo. Hvala vam puno. (Aplauz)