This is a work in process, based on some comments that were made at TED two years ago about the need for the storage of vaccine.
Ikki yil oldin TED da emlash mahsulotlarini saqlash ehtiyoji haqida qilingan fikrlarga asoslangan holda hozirda biz bu ish ustida ishlayapmiz
(Video): [On this planet 1.6 billion people don't have access to electricity refrigeration or stored fuels this is a problem it impacts: the spread of disease the storage of food and medicine and the quality of life. So here's the plan ... inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity, propane, gas, kerosene or consumables time for some thermodynamics And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator]
( Musiqa) 1.6 milliard kishi elektr ta'minotisiz muzlatish yoki yoqilg'i saqlash muammodir. Va buning natijasida Kasalliklar. ovqat va dorilarni saqlash muammosi, sifatsiz hayot tarzi kelib chiqadi va mana sizga yechim: qimmat bo'lmagan elektr ta'minotsiz muzlatish ... propan, gaz, kerosin yoki kerakli moddalar termodinamika bilan o'tkazilgan vaqt Qisqasi, 29 yil oldin, mening Termokimiyo ustozim absorbsiya ( singdirish) va muzlatish haqida gapirgan edi
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher who talked about absorption and refrigeration, one of those things that stuck in my head, a lot like the Stirling engine: it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it. It was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carré, but he couldn't actually build anything with it because of the tools at the time.
Va uning gaplari haqida ko'p o'yladim. U ko'proq Stilring dvigateliga o'hshardi -judayam qiziqarli lekin u bilan nima qilishningni bilmaysan. Va u 2858chi yili Ferdinand Carre tomonidan o'ylab topilgan ediyu, lekin u, dvigatel bilan hech narsa yarata olmadi, sababi u vaqtda, yetarli asboblar bo'lmagandi. Va bir ajoyib Kanadalik, Povel Crosli 1928 yili muz-shari degan narsani reklama qildi,
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley commercialized this thing called the IcyBall, in 1928. It was a really neat idea, and I'll get to why it didn't work, but here's how it works. There's two spheres and they're separated in distance. One has a working fluid, water and ammonia, and the other is a condenser. You heat up one side, the hot side. The ammonia evaporates and it recondenses in the other side. You let it cool to room temperature, and then, as the ammonia reevaporates and combines with the water back on the erstwhile hot side, it creates a powerful cooling effect. So it was a great idea that didn't work at all. They blew up.
va bu judayam yahshi fikr edi, lekin men hozir bu nima cuhun ishlashga qo'l kelmaganini aytaman. Lekin avval uning qanday ishlashini tushuntirib o'tay. Hullas unda ikkita shar, orasida masofa bilan ajratilgan. bittasida ishlatiladigan suyuqilik, suv va ammonia va ikkinchisi esa kondensator. Issiq tomoni yanada isitiladi. Va ammoniya bug'lanadi va ikkinchi tomonida esa u to'planib boradi. va uni hona temperaturasigacha sovishini kutamiz, undan keyin, ammoniya qayta bug'lanib suv bilan qo'shiladi. ilgarigi issiq tomonida esa juda katta sovitish ta'sirini beradi. Aslida bu narsaning ishga tushirlamgani yahshi bo'ldi: chunki u yorilib ketdi. Chunki, ammoniya ishlatish bilan juda yuqori bosim paydo bo'ladi agarda siz uni noto'g'ri isitsangiz. Bosim 400 pikseldan oshib ketgandi. Ammoniya esa zaharli modda. Va u hamma yoqqa sochilib ketgandi.
(Laughter)
Because you're using ammonia, you get hugely high pressures if you heated them wrong; it topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic, it sprayed everywhere. But it was kind of an interesting thought.
lekin baribir, bunday hosiyatli muzlatish usuli juda qiziq fikr edi. Hullas, 2006 yildning nimasi zo'r - komyuterlashtirilgan hizoblash usuli bor. Biz, Standfordagi Termodinamika bo'limidaglar birga shu ish ustida
So the great thing about 2006, there's a lot of really great computational work you can do. So we got the whole thermodynamics department at Stanford involved -- a lot of computational fluid dynamics. We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong. We found some nontoxic refrigerants that worked at very low vapor pressures. We brought in a team from the UK -- a lot of great refrigeration people, it turns out, in the UK -- and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact, we could make a low-pressure, nontoxic refrigerator.
ishlashga yig'ildik Juda ko'p harakatdagi suyuqilklar ustidagi hisoblashlardan keyin ko'pchilik ammoniya muzlatish jadvallar hato ekanligini asoslab berdik. Biz bi necha zaharli bo'lmagan va past bosimda ishlatsa bo'ladigan muzlatadigan moddalrni topdik. Britaniya birlashgan Qirolligidan bir guruh muzlatgichlar bilan ishlay oladigan ajoyib odamlar kelishdi Britaniyda ular bor-da! va biz sinov uchun apapratni qurdik, va chindanham, past bosimli, zaharsiz muzlatgiz ishlab chiqara oldik. Men sizga bu qanday ishlashini aytay endi Siz uni oddiy gulhan ustiga qo'yasiz
So this is the way it works. You put it on a cooking fire. Most people have cooking fires in the world, whether it's camel dung or wood. It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour. You put it into a container and it will refrigerate for 24 hours. It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype, it's not quite done. It weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works. You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons, and it'll cool it down to just above freezing -- three degrees above freezing -- for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap. We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars, in low volumes for about 40 dollars. And we think we can make refrigeration something that everybody can have.
va bilamizki, dunyodagi ko'p odamlarda ovqat qilish uchun gulhan-o't yoqisha oladi, o'tinning nima bo'lishidan qattiy nazar- tuyaning ahlatimi yoki otinmi, hullas 30 daqiqa davomida isitib, bir soat davomida sovitiladi va buni biror bi konteinerga, idishga solib qo'ysa 24 soat davomida muzlatgiz rolini o'ynaydi. Va uning ko'rinishi man bunday bo'ladi. Bu beshinchi turi. Hali butunlay ishlab tugatilmagan. Og'riligi 3.7 kg, va ishlash mehanismi bunday: siz buni 15 literli ( tahmiman 3 gallon) sig'im ichiga qo'yasiz va u muzlash darajasidan 3 daraja yuqorigacha sovitadi. 24 sota davomida, 30 daraja bo'lgan joy uchun bu juda arzon usul. Biz bunday kattalikdagi muzlatgichlarni 25 dollar atrofida harajat qilib qura olamiz... kichikroq hajmdagilarini esa 40 dollar desa bo'ladi. Va biz hamma ishlata oladigan muzlatgiz ishlab chiqara olamiz deb o'ylaymiz. Rahmat. (Qarsaklar)
Thank you.
(Applause)