This is a work in process, based on some comments that were made at TED two years ago about the need for the storage of vaccine.
Ovo istraživanje i dalje traje, na osnovu nekih komentara koji su dati na TED-u pre dve godine o potrebi za pohranjivanjem vakcina.
(Video): [On this planet 1.6 billion people don't have access to electricity refrigeration or stored fuels this is a problem it impacts: the spread of disease the storage of food and medicine and the quality of life. So here's the plan ... inexpensive refrigeration that doesn't use electricity, propane, gas, kerosene or consumables time for some thermodynamics And the story of the Intermittent Absorption Refrigerator]
(Muzika) (Video) Narator: Na našoj planeti, 1,6 milijardi ljudi nema pristup električnoj energiji, hlađenju ili gorivu. Ovo predstavlja problem. Ovo utiče na: širenje zaraza i bolesti, pohranjivanje hrane i lekova i kvalitet života. Ovo je plan: jeftini frižideri koji ne koriste struju, propan, gas, kerozin ili drugo gorivo. Vreme je za termodinamiku. Priča o frižiderima naizmenične apsorpcije.
Adam Grosser: So 29 years ago, I had this thermo teacher who talked about absorption and refrigeration, one of those things that stuck in my head, a lot like the Stirling engine: it was cool, but you didn't know what to do with it. It was invented in 1858, by this guy Ferdinand Carré, but he couldn't actually build anything with it because of the tools at the time.
Adam Groser: Dakle, pre 29 godina, imao sam učitelja koji je govorio o apsorpciji i zamrzavanju. To je jedna od onih stvari koja vam ostane u glavi. Ličilo je mnogo na Sterlingov motor: bilo je zanimljivo, ali niste znali šta da radite sa tim. Ferdinad Kar je izmislio ovo 1858. ali nije mogao ništa da započne sa tim jer u to vreme nije imao potrebne alate.
This crazy Canadian named Powel Crosley commercialized this thing called the IcyBall, in 1928. It was a really neat idea, and I'll get to why it didn't work, but here's how it works. There's two spheres and they're separated in distance. One has a working fluid, water and ammonia, and the other is a condenser. You heat up one side, the hot side. The ammonia evaporates and it recondenses in the other side. You let it cool to room temperature, and then, as the ammonia reevaporates and combines with the water back on the erstwhile hot side, it creates a powerful cooling effect. So it was a great idea that didn't work at all. They blew up.
Paul Krosli, jedan ludi Kanađanin, je 1928. komercijalizovao mašinu zvanu IcyBall, i to je bila zaista super ideja reći ću zašto nije radila, ali evo kako ona funkcioniše. Postoje dve kugle koje su razmaknute. U jednoj se nalaze voda i amonijak, a druga je kondenzator. Zagrejete jednu stranu, toplu stranu. Amonijak ispari i re-kondenzuje se na drugoj strani. Ostavite da se ohladni na sobnoj temperaturi kada se amonijak rekondenzuje i spoji sa vodom na drugoj strani, na topoloj strani, ovo stvara snažni efekat hlađenja. Dakle, bila je to sjajna ideja ali nije funkcionisala: eksplodiralo je. Jer, koristeći amonijak dobija se veliki pritisak
(Laughter)
Because you're using ammonia, you get hugely high pressures if you heated them wrong; it topped 400 psi. The ammonia was toxic, it sprayed everywhere. But it was kind of an interesting thought.
ako se zagreva na pogrešan način. Premašilo je 400 paskala. Amonijak je bio otrovan i raspršivao se na sve strane. Ali to je bila zanimljiva ideja. Sjajna stvar u vezi sa 2006. jeste to
So the great thing about 2006, there's a lot of really great computational work you can do. So we got the whole thermodynamics department at Stanford involved -- a lot of computational fluid dynamics. We proved that most of the ammonia refrigeration tables are wrong. We found some nontoxic refrigerants that worked at very low vapor pressures. We brought in a team from the UK -- a lot of great refrigeration people, it turns out, in the UK -- and built a test rig, and proved that, in fact, we could make a low-pressure, nontoxic refrigerator.
da postoje odlične računske radnje koje mogu biti urađene. Tako smo uposlili celu katedru termodinamike na univerzitetu Stenford, mnogo računskih radnji na dinamici fluida. Dokazali smo da su tablice zamrzavanja amonijaka bile pogrešne. Pronašli smo neke netoksične supstance kojima je moguće zamrzavati sa malo pritiska. Doveli smo tim iz Velike Britanije, mnogo je sjajnih ljudi koji se bave ovim poslom u Velikoj Britaniji, i sagradili smo opremu koja zapravo dokazuje da možemo da sagradimo frižider malog pritiska sa netoksičnim supstancama.
So this is the way it works. You put it on a cooking fire. Most people have cooking fires in the world, whether it's camel dung or wood. It heats up for about 30 minutes, cools for an hour. You put it into a container and it will refrigerate for 24 hours. It looks like this. This is the fifth prototype, it's not quite done. It weighs about eight pounds, and this is the way it works. You put it into a 15-liter vessel, about three gallons, and it'll cool it down to just above freezing -- three degrees above freezing -- for 24 hours in a 30 degree C environment. It's really cheap. We think we can build these in high volumes for about 25 dollars, in low volumes for about 40 dollars. And we think we can make refrigeration something that everybody can have.
Dakle, evo kako funkcioniše. Postavi se na vatru na kojoj se kuva. Mnogi ljudi imaju ovakva mesta, koja koriste drvo ili izmet kamile. Zagreva se oko 30 minuta i hladi oko sat vremena. Stavi se u posudu i služiće kao frižider naredna 24 sata. Ovako to izgleda. Ovo je peti prototip, nije još dovršen. Teži oko 3 kilograma i ovako funkcioniše. Stavi se u sud od 15 litara, i rashladi ga do tačke smrzavanja, 3 stepena pre tačke smrzavanja, na 24 sata u prostor u kome je 30 stepeni Celzijusovih. Veoma je jeftino. Smatramo da možemo da proizvedemo velike količine po 25 dolara i u manjim količinama od po 40 dolara. Smatramo da možemo da napravimo frižidere koje svi mogu da koriste.
Thank you.
Hvala.
(Applause)
(aplauz)